300 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. New Concord, Ohio; Rev. W. G. Waddle, D. D., New Athens, Ohio; Rev. John A. Wilson, D. D., Wooster, Ohio; Rev. D. K. McKnight, Rix's Mills, Ohio; Rev. J. S. McMunn, Mechanicstown, Ohio; Rev. A. E. Brownlee, Martin's Ferry, Ohio; W. W. McKinney, Esq., New Concord, Ohio. Officers of the board: Rev. J. P. Lytle, D. D. Sago, Ohio, president; Henry McCreary, M. D., New Concord, Ohio, secretary and treasurer. The executive committee are: Rev. J. D. Irons, D. D., chairman; Rev. J. P. Lytle, D. D.; Rev. David Paul, D. D.; L. J. Graham, treasurer and financial secretary, John E. Sankey; and D. E. Ralston, Esq. The faculty comprises men of eminence in science and literature, and will compare favorably in their accomplishments and as educators with those of any of the prominent educational institutions of the country. The faculty of the college are: Rev. John D. Irons, D. D., president, and professor of mental, moral and political science, and Hebrew; Rev. J. A. Gray. A. M. professor of mathematics and logic; T. H. Paden, A. M., professor of Latin and Greek languages; John McBurney, A. M., Ph. D., professor of natural sciences; Eva M. Grier, A. M., professor of English language and literature; Jesse Johnson, A. M., professor of Hebrew and Greek; Mary Miller, A. M.,teacher of French and German. Music—J. W. Brown, organ and harmony; Dora F. Martin, piano and voice; Nellie Harris, B. S. teacher in art. Officers of the faculty: John D. Irons, president; T. H. Paden, secretary. This institution issues an annual catalogue, which will be rewarded upon request, and commends itself to the consideration of young women and young men in all sections of the country, to which we refer, for the liberal terms of tuition, etc. The advantages of this place are more fully set-forth in the general articles upon the village. The alumni of the college number 282 persons, 210 of whom are males, 72 females. Of these, 125 are ministers, io of the alumni are foreign missionaries, one of whom is supported by the students in college. Among those who have graduated from Muskingum college who have attained distinction and prominence, we find W. R. Harper, Ph. D., president of Chicago university; W. G. Morehead, D. D., Professor of Theological seminary, Xenia, Ohio; D. A. McClennahan, D. D., Professor in Allegheny Theological seminary, Pa.; H. T. Sudduth, A. M., Professor in State university, Athens, Ohio; W. O. Thompson, A. M., president of Longmont college, Longmont, Colorado; T. A. Smith, Ph. D., professor in Beloit college, Beloit, Wis. Two societies composed of students of the college, exert a strong refining and moral influence on the young people of the town. These societies are the Young Men's Christian association and the Young Women's Christian association. Of the former, R. L. Warrick is president; J. D. Chisholm, vice-president; J. H. White, secretary; L. A. Taylor, treasurer; H. F. Lyle, corresponding secretary. Of the last named association, Miss Ida Carter is president and Miss Lydia Finley is secretary. The college has a fine orchestra, composed of students and teachers. In 1878 the New Concord graded school building was erected. It is a handsome two-story brick structure 40x70 feet in dimensions, containing four rooms with a seating capacity for 200 pupils. The citizens of New Concord point with just pride to this beautiful structure where the youth have all the comforts and advantages of more pretentious institutions. Prof. A. H. McCulloch is the superintendent, and is assisted by an able corps of teachers. The musical department in Muskingum college affords exceptional opportunities for the cultivation of this art, and the people of Concord invariably avail themselves of the advantages thus afforded. Scarcely a home may be found in the village where there are sons or daughters old enough to study music, but there is found a piano, organ, or stringed instrument. Musical, entertainments are of frequent occurrence, and the refining and elevating influence of music is here strongly demonstrated. In addition to the music of the homes, the town supports an excellent musical organization in the New Concord Silver Cornet band, which was organized in 1888. The band is composed of twelve members. W. I. Miller is the leader; J. W -Ramsey, president; A. A. McBride, secretary; Hugh Given, treasurer. In New Concord are now twenty-two business houses, saw mill, flour mill, planing mill, cigar factory, .one bank, two wagon shops, three blacksmith shops, one livery stable, two coal yards and two hotels, United States express, Western Union telegraph. The postoffice was established in 1829. Joseph McKinney was the first postmaster; he held the office until 1845, when William McLain was appointed. Noble Kelly, Ichabod Drummond and Joseph McKinney have had the office since that time. Jacob Herdman is the present postmaster, and is assisted by his daughter. In 1888 a town hall was erected. It is built of red pressed brick with stone trimmings, the front gable of stucco. Its dimensions are 53 HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 301 feet front by 104 feet in depth. The basement is used for the fire department and is fully equipped with ladders, buckets and truck. The ground floor contains two of the finest business rooms in the village, besides the mayor's office and justice of the peace court room. The second :floor contains a fine` public hall with a seating capacity of 1,800 people, besides the council chamber and library room. The third floor is arranged as a banqueting hall, with kitchen, pantry, etc., attached The building cost the village $16,000, and is a credit to the town and county. To erect this building the village issued thirty-two bonds of $500 each, which when sold yielded $16,240.90. The Baptist church in New Concord was organized September 26, 1829, and the meetings were first held in Norwich. Revs. William Reese, William Spencer, William Magowers and others performed much ministerial work extending over the county and into 'regions beyond. A small house of worship was built in New Concord about 1836, the first in the new town. The present meeting house was erected in 186o. Some of the families that were connected with the church in its early history were Josiah Miller's, James Tulk's, Stephen Williams', Fraser Storer's, Levi Hughes', Thomas Smith's, Reuben Case's and others residing in the' country. The first pastor was William Reese. A number of young men have entered the ministry, and several of them were students in Muskingum college. Of these E. 0. Town, Enoch Tilden, A. W. Hall, James Herbert, C. N. Harford, W. H. McKinney, A. L. Wilson and several others have been long known for their work's sake. The present pastor is B. Y. Siegfried, who continues in active service, and has been a successful minister for over fifty years, more than half of that time in Muskingum and. Guernsey counties. The Associate Reformed Congregation was organized about 1812. The first church building was erected about one mile north of New Concord. The congregation continued for many years to worship and bury their dead near the same location. Eventually the place of worship was changed to the village of New Concord. A large frame church building was erected, which is still used. The first pastor of the Associate Reformed congregation then called. Crooked creek, was Rev. David Proudfit, who was installed pastor April 21, 1824, who served until his death. Mr. Johnson Welsh was ordained and installed as pastor April 22, 1835, Later Benjamin Waddle became pastor of Crooked creek, Salt creek, Lebanon and East Union. About 1852 a movement was set on foot to organize an Associate congregation in New Concord. The organization was effected by the election of Hon. Samuel Bigger, Mr. Law, R. R. Moore, Elijah Coulter and Robert Harper as elders. For some time Rev. Samuel McArthur, who was then president of Muskingum college, acted as pastor. Rev.. James M. Henderson became pastor in 1855 and was pastor at the time of the union of the Associate and Associate Reformed churches in 1858. In 1859 he resigned this charge in order that the congregation might unite with the Associate Reformed congregation, .which had been vacated by Dr. Waddle in 1858. The United congregation is now known as the United Presbyterian congregation of New Concord. Its first pastor was Rev. J. C. Minich. He continued in charge from February 1860, to February 1876. Since July 1876, Rev. David Paul, D. D., has been pastor. The membership is about 330. The first step toward the organization of New Concord Presbyterian church was occasional preaching by traveling ministers who, as they journeyed east and west, filled an occasional appointment. In the year 1804 the Rev. John Wright, going on a journey, lodged with Mr. John Reasoner, in New Concord. An appointment was made for him and an encouraging congregation was gathered and services were held near the present site of Mr. Reasoner's barn and for a time such services were usually held at Mr. Reasoner's house or in the vicinity. The church is supposed to have been organized by Rev. James Robinson, in the year 1818. Mr. Robinson was succeeded in October 1819 by Rev. Samuel Baldridge. At this time preaching services were held in a tent near Pleasant Hill spring, in barns and in private houses. During Mr. Baldridge's ministry, a frame church building was erected forty feet square, with a second story to be used as an academy. In 1823 Mr. Baldridge left for the west. Rev. Mr. Clark held communion services .in 1825, and Rev. Mr. McMillan in 1826. In the year 1827, Rev. James Arbuthnot was ordained and installed pastor of the churches of Pleasant Hill and Salt Creek. Mr. Arbuthnot had charge of these churches from the spring of 1827 to the fall of 1830. On Oct. 27, 1828, he organized the church of Norwich, of which he also became pastor. Rev. Samuel, Wilson was ordained and installed over the united churches of Pleasant Hill, Norwich, and Salt Creek, April 5, 1832, giving to each one third of his time, and receiving from each, one third of his salary of £400. This arrangement continued for seven years, when Pleasant 302 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Hill and Norwich applied each for one third of his time, and Mr. Wilson was released from Salt Creek. This pastorate continued for thirty six years and was interrupted only by the infirmities of age and failing health of the pastor. In the years 1849-50, this congregation rebuilt and enlarged their house of worship. After Mr. Wilson's resignation, Rev. N. C. Helfrich became pastor of the united charge. His labors in Pleasant Hill church began on the second Sabbath of June, 187o, and on the 10th day of November he was installed. His labors with this church terminated October 25, 1874. Rev. Faris Brown became stated supply of the churches of New Concord and Norwich, September 10, 1875, and November 21, 1876, he was installed pastor of these churthes, which relation still continues. In the year 1872, a new site having been obtained in the village of New Concord, a new church building was erected thereon, at a cost of about $4,000. The name of the church was changed from Pleasant Hill to New Concord, by act of Presbytery. During the present pastorate of fifteen and a half years, 324 members have been received to its communion, 141 persons have been baptized, 38 adults, 103 infants. Its present membership is 200. The Reformed Presbyterian church, of New Concord was known as Salt Creek, until 1871. The first Covenanter known to settlers in this vicinity was Mathew Mitchell, who came with his family from "the forks of the Yough" in Pennsylvania in 1804. Later came John Jamison, Wm. Robinson and Samuel McCutcheon. Their families constituted a praying society and unfurled the banner of the Covenant. They were occasionally visited by Revs. John Black and Matthew Williams. In the summer of 1814, Rev. Robert Wallace, who is the father of Covenanterism in Ohio began missionary work principally at Utica and Chillicothe. In 1815 he providentially met Neal McNaughton, at a hotel in Zanesville, who took him. to his home, where Mr. Wallace preached the following Sabbath. The society continued to grow under his occasional ministrations until the organization of the congregation in June, 1821, by the election of John Auld and John Jamison, ruling elders. ,The communion was soon afterward dispersed and Mr. Wallace was assisted by the Rev. Charles B. McKee. The services were held in the woods near the farm of Mr. McCutcheon, and the following forty members communed at the first sacrement: John and Mary Auld; John and Margaret Jamison; Mrs. Black, Robert and Elizabeth Brown; Mathew, Mary, Rachel and Rebecca Calhoun; Betsy Cunningham; Eleanor Forsythe; Alexander and Mrs. George; Mathew, Sr. Mathew, Jr., and Mrs. Mitchell; Samuel, Isabel, Sr., Isabel, Jr., James and Anna McCutcheon; Neal and Mary McNaughton; Wm,. Robinson; Joseph, Ann, James and Jane Sterrett; Thomas, Mary, Sr., Mary, Jr., William, James and Archibald Stevenson; David and Mary Sims; Jacob and Anna Wortman. All these are now dead. John Auld, John Jamison, David and Benjamin Wallace, David Hawthorne, Richard and Thomas McGee, Archibald and Wm. Stevenson, Walter McCrea, David Stormont, William and Thomas Wylie, John Gibson, William Forsythe, William Speer, William Elliot, Thomas Stewart, John Taylor, James McCartney, Samuel Mitchell, James R. Willson, Hugh Patterson, and John C, Robb. In October, 1823, Mr. Wallace was installed pastor, and also preached at Jonathan's Creek, Muskingum and Wills Creek. Mr. Wallace died in July, 1849.. In October, 1850, the Rev. Hugh P. McClurken was installed, and remained almost interruptedly for thirty-two years, and until his release in October, 1882. The Rev. James M. Faris, the present pastor was installed July 3,1884. Hanson post, No. 468, G. A. R., and New Concord Lodge, No, 761, I. O. O. F., are both in a flourishing condition. In 1880 Mr. C. B. McKee established the Weekly Enterprise which met the encouragement it merited. In the spring 1881 the present editor and proprietor, Mr. J. H. Aikin, purchased a half interest, and in. December he bought out his partner and assumed entire control. The Enterprise is a seven column folio, is a spicy, newsy paper devoted entirely to local interests and local news, and 'enjoys a good patronage. The opening of the National Road brought many new settlers to Union township. This fact prompted William Harper to plat a town in 1827, which was incorporated .six years later. This town, 'Norwich, is in section seven, the National Road being the main street of the village. Probably the first house erected on the site of the village was a boarding house or tavern erected by Samuel McCloud. After ward a hotel was kept by Reuben Whittaker. A store, probably the first in the place, was kept by Thos. Maxfield. The schools of Norwich are graded. This system was adopted in 1884. At this date a new building was erected at a cost of $2,300. The building contains two rooms, but is considered inadequate to the necessities of the rapidly increasing attendance of pupils. The HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 303 schools are in good condition. Charles Fulkerson is principal, Miss Rose Scott, assistant. The United, Presbyterian church of Norwich was organized about 1860, by members of churches of this denomination who were joined by dissenting members of other churches in Norwich. Some of the pastors were Rev. Boyd, Rev. Hutchinson, Rev. Dr. Paul, Rev. Huston, Rev. Dr. Spencer and the present pastor, Rev. Wyatt. A meeting house was erected shortly atter the organization of the church. The site selected was the north side of Main street near the center of Norwich. The building is frame and with the grounds on which it stands is worth- $2,500. It has a seating capacity of 300. The Norwich Presbyterian church was or ganized October 27, 1828, by Rev. James Arbuthnot, under authority granted by Presbytery of Lancaster, September 30, 1828. Its church building is located on an eminence at the west end of the village of Norwich. This organization was mainly constituted of members from the Pleasant Hill Presbyterian church. Its first pastor was Rev. James Arbuthnot. This pastorate continued for about two years. The original elders, elected at its organization, 'were Robert Miller, John Jamison, John. Wycoff and Wm. McLoughlin. Its first trustees were Robert Miller, John McCurdy, John Wycoff, Peter Galligher, John Crawford and Benjamin Wortman. In August 29, 1831, a call was made for the services of Rev. Samuel. Wilson, which was accepted by him and he was ordained and ipstalled April 5, 1832. This congregation worshiped in a small frame house, perhaps 25x35 feet, with a rough platform for a pulpit. In the year 1839 they. built a brick meeting-house 64x45, which in a brief space after being occupied, was free from all debt. In the year 1852 the brick church was superseded by the present frame building. Mr. Wilson continued to be pastor of this church until April 28, 1868, when on account of failing health the pastoral relation was dissolved, making a pastorate of thirty-six years and twenty-three days. During this pastorate, about 700 persons were received to the communion of the churches of Pleasant Hill and. Norwich. Of these nearly 500 were on profession of faith and about 200 by letter from other churches. About 600 persons were baptized.; of these nearly 500 were infants and nearly 125 adults. The present membership is 186. Duncan's Falls Presbyterian Church was organized May 20, 1852, by a committee acting under authority of the Presbytery of Zanesville. The members of this committee were Rev. M. A. Hays, Rev. W. M. Ferguson and Elder Samuel Milhous. The congregation organized with nineteen members, seventeen of whom held letters from other congregations; the remaining two were received after examination. The first deacons were James Irwin, John B. Peairs and Joseph Peairs. The first pastor was Wm. M. Grimes, who served the church for three years and was succeeded by Rev. M. Livingston, whose pastorate continued only one year. John Kelly was the third in charge of the congregation and remained with the church six years. The next, Henry Fulton, remained with the congregation longest of any pastor,—six and a half years. Then followed Martin L. Donohue, two and a half years; David M. Williamson, six years; James A. Baldridge, four years; and in 1887 Edward W. Brown, the present pastor, who has ministered to the spiritual wants of the church continuously since that date. Immediately after its organization in 1852 a meeting-house was erected at a cost of $2,000. The church has a membership of ninety.. CHAPTER XXIII. ADAMS TOWNSHIP. AS near as can be ascertained the first settler within the bounds of what is now Adams township was James Wilcox, who was of English descent and came from a seafaring family who were early settlers of the state of Maine. James Wilcox first went to Marietta and then came to what is. now Muskingum county, and settled on Wakatomaka creek, near Dresden, and in 1808-10 settled on Wills creek in what is now Adams township. The township being an entire wilderness, he built a but of brush and bark in which he lived until he could build a log cabin in and to shelter his family. Bear, wolves and panther abounded, 304 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. and his hogs had to be kept in a close pen to keep them from being devoured. One night he heard them squealing in terror and, seizing his ax, an implement which the old pioneer kept handy, not only for use but for defense, he sprang out and would have attacked bruin single handed when his faithful wife, who was Rebecca Campbell, from Virginia, seized him by his hunting shirt and held him back. The bear sprang through the side of the pen and escaped, and the hogs following, were scattered through the woods in. all directions. Mr. Wilcox cleared up his farm and reared a large family of children, and some of his descendants are citizens of this county and township. Among the next earliest pioneers were David Brelsford and Jacob Hashmar, and Hugh Ballentine, who settled on the bend of Wills creek. About 1814, Abraham Wisecarver settled on Section 18. Caleb Bidwell, Samuel Monroe, Robt. Osborn and Wm. Barton were early settlers. In 1817 Valentine Shirer from Pennsylvania settled .on Section 16. In 1812 James Sprague and Sons of Monroe township, cut out the first road, which ran through Adams township. It was from the settlement on Symmes creek to Otsego, in Monroe township. Before there were any settlers in this township, there was a trail from Cambridge to the salt works, at the mouth of Wills creek, which was originally a deer trail, and at 'a long time previous to the settlement of Wilcox, the Indian scout and intrepid hunter and trapper passed over this trail. Probably about 1818 it was open for teams. Another road through the township was from Mechanicsville to Marquand's Mills, which was first laid out by Jonathan and Stephen Starkey, in 1821. The former picked it out, and the latter measured the distance by following at the supposed rate of three miles an hour. In 1814, Benjamin "Stuffle" Whitabury, with his step-sons, John and Wm. Campbell, and his step-sons-in-law, Jock Lewis and John Rife, .came from Vermont. Whitabury settled on the Hanks farm. Wm. Campbell settled on the Foutch tract. Jock Lewis settled near the mouth of Symmes Creek. John Campbell "squatted" on the south part of the old Gordon farm, afterwards owned by Nixon Stewart and John Rife, and only a little distance from Whitabury, who expected to own a fine strip of land to the east and southwest of him. It seems that John Campbell was a squatter for five years and then bought his land, which he owned eight years, and sold out in 1828 and went West. In March, 1818, Anthony Slater, Esq., cut his way through the woods and settled on the homestead where he so long resided. He was from near Leesburg, Loudon Co., Va., and emigrated to Ohio in 1816 and settled in Washington Township this county. He built a log cabin and afterwards, in 1828, a hewed log house. He assisted in building the New Hope Lutheran church of hewed logs, in Salem township, and also the Bainter schoolhouse in Monroe township, which was one of the earliest school houses in this part of the county. He was one of the early justices of the peace of Monroe township before Adams township was formed, and himself and Sq. Caleb Jordan were the first justices of the peace of Adams township. Mr. Slater was justice of the peace for twenty-one years in succession. The first couple he married were Alpha Buker and his first wife. Mr. Slater went to mill and for mail to Zanesville, eighteen miles away. Letters from his parents in Pennsylvania cost 1834 cents postage. The last bear known to have been killed in this township, was on Mr. Slater's farm, and met his death there at the hands of the famous hunters, H. and D. Bainter, in 1816. Anthony Slater was the ancestor of George W. and Harrison V. Slater, of this township, (see sketches). In 1818, Jacob Sturtz, a pioneer settler of Washington township, settled on land owned by George W. Bell. He understood the use of all kinds of tools. He was a fair blacksmith, gunsmith and carpenter, and made gunpowder which was sold. His descendants rank among our most honorable citizens. Charles Sturtz, son of Jacob Sturtz, came with his father to Adams township when he was six years of age and grew up with the pioneers. When young, he was a great hunter, and became a substantial farmer and business man. He is now a venerable man in his eightieth year and has many reminiscences of pioneer days. In 1818-19, Charles Marquand Sr., and Stephen Starkey, petitioned congress to reduce the price of land from $4.00 to $2.25 per acre, and to sell it in smaller lots than, 16o acres, which previous to this was the smallest amount which could be purchased. This opened the way for a rapid settlement of the township and men from New England, Virginians, Pennsylvanians, Germans and Irish came in bringing their families. In 1820, John Barrett came here from Salt creek and was followed by John Bell, of Perry township, who was a soldier in the war of 1812, and reared a large and respectable family of children. He settled in Perry township in 1811. In 1830 Basil Ridgway came from Belmont HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 305 county. He was secretary of the board of trustees of Edwards, now Fairview church, in 1836-1838. In the spring of 1821 (some authorities say as early as 1818-1819,) Mordecai Edwards came from Salt creek and put up a little log cabin on the farm where his son William now lives. "Father Edwards," as he was known to the pioneers, was the stanch friend of the Christian religion and of education, and his influence as one of the founders of the Edwards school and Fairview church, has been far-reaching, extending not only to this generation and this township, but to many generations to come and throughout the country. He entered the land on which he built his humble cabin, and cleared up his farm from the heavy timber. His wife was Phoebe Barrett. They attended the old Methodist church at Wheel-ens, of which Mrs. Edwards was a member, and both were members of the original class formed by the Rev. Jesse Roe, called Bethesda, and also of the first Fairview society, the history of which could not be written without giving an account of his connection with it. Afterwards came the Millers, Swigers, Shanafelts, Davises, Yearians, Fillers, Crumbakers, and many others. In 1826, on account of the inconvenience in working the roads, Adams township was formed from Monroe and Madison. It was named Adams, at the suggestion of Caleb Jordan, Esq., and in honor of John Q. Adams, then a candidate for president. Soon after this Solomon Wenna came with his family. In 1826 James Stewart came from Jefferson county. In 1827 John Wagoner moved here. David Ross came the same year. John Ross was a local director about twenty years and at his death was justice of the peace. Jacob Gaumer, Jr., came to Ohio in 1808 with his father, Jacob Gaumer,who was a Revolutionary soldier and settled first in Washington township and then in Salem township, giving two acres of his land for the Lutheran church. Jacob Gaumer, Jr., after marriage, in 1814, moved with his family through the woods and settled in Adams township, on the land now occupied by Geo. W. Bell. He was a noted hunter and selected this land on one of his hunting excursions. He built the first brick house in Adams township. The brick were made and burned on his farm in 1840 and the building was erected in 1841, and is still in good condition. Mr. Gaumer assisted to build the log Lutheran church and also the barn structure which took its place. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. Among the first settlers was David Henry, a squatter on the Crumbaker farm. "Pensioner Davis," a Revolutionary soldier, lived on the Knisely lot, and afterwards moved into a rail pen just below D. Sarbaugh. Joe Williams, a blacksmith on the D. Ross farm. He moved away in 1819. In 1823 S. J. Hanks settled on Section 25. In 1831 Jacob Wagoner settled on Section 24. From 1825-1835 many families came and went. Campbells, Stoners, Crusemans, Sturges, Starkeys, Shanafelts, Yearians, and others had left. But Joys, Melchers, Powelsons, Ramseys, Sandels, Mitchells, Shaws, Sarbaughs, Jordans, Tomlinsons, Rollings, Rollers, Cooneys, Shoemakers, Millers, Browns, Priors, came into the township. Among others the Vinsels have figured much to the credit of the township. The Swarts family have been publicly known, and have a wide influence. The Shaws became public business men and have wielded much power. The Laffles have been helpers for good in the community, and loyal to their country in war. George Wertz, Esq., reared a family who are ornaments of society and of strict integrity. Among the original pioneers large families were the rule, and it is worthy of note that Asa Brown, a settler on the old Stewart farm, had a family of eighteen children. In 1833 the first saw-mill was built by David Swigert on Section 23. In 1835 David Brelsford built a saw-mill on the river bearing his name. A saw-mill was . also built by William Willis on Symmes creek; date is unknown. The first marriage of which there is any record in the township was solemnized between David Shirer and Lydia Gaumer in 1822. The first blacksmith was David Brelsford in 1810; settled on Section 1. Phineas Tomlinson was also one of the first blacksmiths in the township. The first frame house was built by William Barton. Anthony Slater introduced the first threshing machine and the first mower into this township. A petition was presented by Caleb Jordan, Esq., signed by a number of citizens of Madison and Monroe townships, setting forth that they labor under many difficulties and disadvantages in consequence of the distance they have to travel to elections, and praying that a township may be set off of part of Monroe and Madison townships, and the commissioners believing the prayer of the petitioners necessary for the convenience of the inhabitants and township officers, do hereby order a new township to be set off according to the following boundaries, to-wit: Beginning at the northeast corner of Salem township line and running 306 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. thence west along said line to the northwest corner of said line; thence north to Coshocton county line; thence east to the northwest corner of the original survey of township No. 3, range 5; thence south to the place of beginning, comprising the original surveyed township No. 3 in the 6th range of military land, which shall constitute a new township to be called Adams township. Also ordered by the commissioners, that an election be held at the house of Caleb Jordan, Esq., on the 1st day of January next, being. January 1, 1827, to elect township officers for the township. December 5, 1826. An election was held at the house of Caleb Jordan, Esq., and a full set of officers, except justices of the peace, were elected viva voce. Caleb Jordan was a resident of Madison township in section 14, and justice of the peace, and Anthony Slater was a resident of Monroe township and a justice of the peace, and both were included in the new township. As "viva voce" was not a legal method of voting, this election was declared null, and a new election ordered.. The place was near the present town house on section 18, at the residence of John Campbell, and it took place April 2, 1827. Caleb Jordan was appointed clerk; James Wilcox, Anthony Slater and Jesse Roe were appointed judges of the election, which resulted as follows: Town clerk, Caleb Jordan; trustees, Anthony Slater, James Wilcox and Benjamin Whitebury; overseers of the poor, Abraham Wisecarver and David Ross; fence viewers, Jacob Sturtz and Powell Chrisman; treasurer, John Campbell; constables, John Shanafelt and John Mullen; supervisors, David Swiger, Thomas Green, Francis Titus and Robert Brown. The first grand juror was Jesse Roe; the first petit juror was Mathew Humphrey. In 1829 the election was at the house of Adam Miller, and afterward, alternated between private houses and schoolhouses. In .1876 a town house was erected on land belonging to Mary Stewart. in section 18. The Bethesda M. E. church is the oldest religious organization within the bounds of Adams township. Its origin can be traced to "Wheelens" in Madison township, which was the place of worship for the original pioneers for many miles around. It is now forsaken and the humble church residence is in ruins. On the authority of Rev. Hugh W. Stewart, who was born and reared in Adams township and took a great interest in its history, we make the statement that the first sermon in Adams township was preached in the neighborhood of Bethesda in 1821 by Rev. Jesse Roe, who was a very zealous local preacher of the Wesleyan stamp, and was the real founder of both the Bethesda and Fairview societies. In 1826 a class was first organized at the residence of. John E. Honnold and consisted of the following persons: Jesse Roe, James Stewart, Mordecai Edwards, John E. Honnold and their wives. This class sometimes, met at a school house, at others at the house of Rev. Roe. In 1827 a class was organized by Joseph Casper and Cornelius Springer at Jesse Roe's school house. It was composed of Jesse Roe, Margaret his wife, and their son Thomas, James Stewart, Margaret his wife, and their son John; Mordecai Edwards and wife; William Barton, Jane his wife, their son Alexander and daughter Sarah; Caleb Bidwell and wife. James Stewart was the class leader. Rev. Jesse Roe was largely instrumental in introducing Methodism into Adams township. He' lived the life of a devout Christian and died strong in the faith he had preached to others. A log church was built in 1835, and dedicated by Rev. H. S. Fernandes—the text being Genesis xxviii: 16, 17. A white frame church was dedicated by W. F. Lauck in 1856, and marks the old site. At this date, June, 1892, a movement is on foot for the erection of a new and more elegant structure. The orginal members of Roe's or Bethesda church, in 1831, we give in full. The records from which this is taken are still preserved but very much worn, and contain nothing further of interest. The list shows who constituted the class from which Fairview church sprang. It was led by James Stewart, Sr. James Stewart, class leader; Margaret Stewart, John Stewart, James Stewart, Jr., Jane ,Stewart, Ann Stewart, Samuel Steadman, Martha Steadman, Mordecai Edwards, Phcebe Edwards, Margaret Roe, Mary Noble, Nancy Barclay, Robert Shields, Susanna Shields,, James Armstrong, Rachel Armstrong, Mary Hill, Mary Steers, Wm. Hilling, Pleasant Hilling, Mary Winner, Aaron Winner, Elizabeth Miller, Jeremiah Hanks, Catherine Hanks, Helen Hanks, Martha Lucas, Mary Ridgway, Wm. Collins, Elizabeth Collins, Margaret Burnside, Jane Burnside, John E. Honnold, Mary Honnold, Catherine Jackson, Jane Needler, Elizabeth Titus, Mary Titus, 1st; Mary Titus, 2nd; Harriet Armstrong, Jacob Linder, Alice Linder, Adam Miller, Mary Stump, George Needler, Benjamin Stump, William Davis, Rebecca Davis, Jane Yearing; Jacob Yearing, Catherine Davis, Nixon Stewart, Elizabeth Snoots, Elizabeth Wilcox, Elizabeth Walls, Charlotte Larnum, Mary Seaborn, Eliza- HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 307 beth Hanks, Mary J. Steers, Mary Winner, Eliza Atchison, Francisaum Roe, Lavinia Hill, Sarah Hecathorn, Robert Roe, Christian Hecathorn, Mary A. Davis, Elizabeth Guyer, Amelia Steers, Rhoda Atchison, Sarah Florence, Lydia James, Anice Atchison, George Parsmore, Margaret Humphries, Elizabeth Stewart, Jane Gregg, Samuel Titus. John Titus, Alvira Linder. Rev. Jesse Roe was a zealous Methodist preacher of the pioneer type. He was the real founder of both Bethesda and Fairview church. He was largely instrumental in the spread of Methodism in this part of the county, and the marks of his efforts are very plain to the historian. He died in 1828 in the faith he had preached to others, and was buried in the Wheelens graveyard. Before the church was built, the land adjoining the church site was bought by Robt. Shields and Robt. Halsty for burial purposes. The first burial therein was Jonathan Rudd's child. In 1882, the number of church members was 9o. The leaders were Nathan Ross, John Foster and Samuel W. Sutton, Jr. The Bethesda church is now in a flourishing condition and one of the most zealous Methodist churches in the county. No history of Adams township would be complete with a .full account of the founding and progress of the famous Fairview church, which from the times of the pioneers, has been the most noted church in Adams township and for miles around; Its converts are numbered by the hundreds, and many of the Methodists of this county and in far distant places became connected with their church in this township. It is the second oldest church organization in what, is now Adams township, although the original pioneer settlers of Adams township first attended the Methodist church at "Wheelens," probably as early as 1810-15, which is situated in the King neighborbood in Madison township. From Wheelens originated the society called Roe's, now Bethesda, and here our fathers and mothers attended divine services, until the neighborhood some four or five miles southeast became settled with Methodists and their friends. A branch from the old society was soon formed in this neighborhood, called by some Edwards, and some Wesley, and afterwards known as Fairview society. Many of the early members of Fairview church, when it was organized in 1831 and the few succeeding years, were received from Roe's, or Bethesda church. In fact, Mordecai Edwards and his wife were both members of Roe's church, as were also Wm. Hilling and wife and John Stewart, Wm. Davis and other prominent members. These two pure fountains of Christian life, one flowing from Wheelens and the other from Roe's societies, unite with the Edwards' neighborhood, to form Fairview church. The services continued to be held at the house of "Father Edwards," as he was called, until 1828, when a log school house having been erected on his farm, it was found more convenient to meet there. In this building a few would meet for prayer and class, and at times for preaching under Rev. Roe; and other times listening to exhortations by Bro. Granville Moody, then a licensed exhorter and afterwards an eminent Methodist minister. In the fall' of 1831 a class was formed by Rev. John W. Guilbert, then pastor in, charge of Cambridge circuit, appointing Thos. Roe as leader. The first -recorded meeting of the class was May 4, 1833. There were doubtless others unrecorded. At this date, an opportunity to unite with the church on probation was given, when Joseph and Eleanor Green, and Catherine Filler gave their names. The original class numbered twelve persons, as follows: Mordecai Edwards, Wm. Hilling, Basil Ridgway, Wm. Davis, and their wives; John Stewart, Catherine Shaw, Mary A. Davis, and Thos. Roe. We are indebted do the manuscript of the late Rev. Hugh W. Stewart, for many of the interesting reminiscences which follow. Of the twelve original members of Fairview Church, all have passed to a Christian's reward. Wm. and, Pleasant Hilling removed to the west, and are deceased. Mordecai Edwards and wife are also dead. (for full history of his life and sketch of his son Wm. Edwards) Of Bazil Ridgway, the following anecdote of his connection with his class, is preserved. When Rev. Guilbert enquired of him if he desired a society here, he responded "Yes, Sir." What is your first name? "Bazil." Upon which his name was enrolled with the others. He finally settled In Coshocton Co. He was very benevolent and gave largely in support of the church, and died July 18, 1857, a professing Christian. Sister Mary Ridgway was a member of Roe's Church from which she was transferred. She died Nov. 9, 1855. The names of William, Rebecca and Mary A. Davis, were laid aside on account of their removal to a distance. Catherine Shaw emigrated from Virginia and died March 22, 1854. Thos. Roe was a temporary leader from Rev. Jesse Roe's society, and never attended to his duty, living too distant. He afterwards became a local preacher, but finally lost his religion and died in Sept. 1861. Catherine Filler died in the Christian faith. Joseph Green was accidentally killed on a canal boat, 308 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. His wife is also dead. John Stewart, known as "Father Stewart" was class leader for more than thirty years. Himself and wife are both deceased. Thus originated a society of Christians, whose work is a lasting monument. It is further quaintly remarked by Rev. Hugh Stewart, that "the external appearance of the school house in which they worshiped was somewhat of the backwoods style. The interior by the labor of the sisters, was always neat and tidy. From the exterior and perhaps from the appearance of the people. Bro. Guilbert could never constrain his colleague, Bro. Lybrand, to preach in this place." He further naively remarks, "one thing strange in connection with the formation of this class is that both its founder and temporary leader fell from grace and left a dim evidence of their future glorification. That there should be any premonition in this, we deny, but simply remark its singularity." Wm. Hilling, John Stewart, and Mordecai Edwards were all class leaders, the class remaining undivided until 1828. It being large, it was then divided into two—one under the leadership of Mr. Edwards and the other under the leadership of John Stewart. In 1835, the society began to feel the need of .a more suitable place of worship, the services having been conducted in the log school house until this date. It was decided to build a hewed log church, which was completed by July of this year, on land donated in 1834 for church purposes by Mordecai Edwards, and near the grave of the old pioneer and class leader, James Stewart, who was the first person buried in Fairview church yard in 1826. It was known as the Edwards meeting house. The following were the building committee: Basil. Ridgway, John Joy, Mordecai Edwards, John Stewart, Wm. Hilling, Joseph Green and Jacob Yearing. Solomon Wenner was employed as builder and erected a good hewed log building. The dedicatory sermon was preached by Rev. H. S. Fernandes. The subject, "The Wedding Garment." The society prospered this year, the class numbering fifty; During the year 1837, the class enjoyed a gracious revival. In 1838 it numbered sixty-five members. The class was consequently divided, 33 being dedicated to John Stewart, and about the same number to Mordecai Edwards, the division being made by Rev. James Armstrong. Under the labors of E. H. Taylor and D. Cross in Feburary, 1847, one of the most powerful revivals of religion came over the society, thirty-four members united with the caurch, and this year there were in all eighty members, which is probably the greatest num ber the society ever contained of full members. In 1851, the "Harmony Excitement," as it was called, came up, and many of the Fairview members joined that class, and by 1853, the members had decreased to 43, which was partly caused by emigration. In 1847, the trustees were John Stewart, M. Edwards, B. Ridgway, I. Knisely, J. J. Bell and A. Ross. In 1854, they began to feel the need of a new church building. The old site being considered too low, a new one was chosen ten rods north of the old one, on a high eminence which overlooks the surrounding country for miles, and is justly called Fairview. In the fall of 1855 the new church, a large and beautiful frame structure, was completed. In June, 1859, the church experienced another powerful revival, during which over thirty joined on trial. In January, 1864,, another revival was vouchsafed the church, resulting in twenty-five full members. Among the many noted revivals in this church, those of 1847, '59 and '64 were the most remarkable.' " This church has certainly been a power for good in the Lord." From it have gone forth many ministers of the gospel, exhorters, class-leaders, and Sabbath-school superintendents. Among them the Revs. Wm. C. Filler, Benj. F. Heskitt, C. N. Edwards, H. B. Edwards, J. E. Starkey, Win. B. Stewart, H. W. Stewart; also as members, Revs: Nixon Stewart, John Macennally, and Thos. Roe, eight traveling and two local ministers of the gospel. In 1882 the church membership was eighty-four. The class leaders were Wm. Edwards and W. H. Reese; the steward was Wm. Edwards; the local preacher was Nixon Stewart; the circuit preachers were H. M. Rader and J. R. Hoover. No class of men have contributed more to the spread of pure morality than the itinerant Methodist preachers, and none have suffered more from the silence of the historian. The days of the rifle; the ax, and the saddle-bags have passed away, and the voices of those old time worn pilgrims are silent in their graves, but "By their words ye shall know them," and from far-off Maine to distant Oregon, the prosperous Methodist churches of the present day are the result of their humble efforts. Before them was spread the trackless forests and the sky girted prairie. Here, guided by the blazed track of the settler, there by the Indian war path or hunter's trail, they made their way from One appointment to another, spreading the gospel, and everywhere raising the standard of the cross. The first Sunday school was organized in HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 309 1835, with Wm. C. Filler as superintendent. Some of the first teachers were Sarah Florence, H.. Edwards, Harriet Edwards, John and Nixon Stewart, B. Ridgway and others. They used the Testament, spelling book and church hymn book. Soon after our German settlers began to come into the township, they felt the need of attending religious services in the language of the Fatherland, and according to the doctrines of Martin Luther. Therefore, in 1839 the Zion Evangelical Lutheran was organized by the Rev. Fred Minner. The following are the founders and original members of this church: John Vollmer, Jacob Fiers and family, Martin Sauer and family, Michael Strohecker and family, Adam Shroyer, John Denny, Martin Zimmers, David Grass, Christian Lerwig, John Hahn, Henry Lapp, Jacob Roller, Philip Moser, Michael Grass, Henry Smith and Michael Thresh. The church trustees were John Vollmer and Adam Shroyer. The ground for the church was given by Valentine Sandel, and a log, church was erected in 1841. The early pastors were Revs. Minner, Gehbel Kaemmerer, Schnell and Schmidt. Rev. A. N. Bartholomew, was the first pastor who preached in the English language. This occasioned a division, in the church, the older members, clinging to the language of their fathers, held the church property and burying ground, and became incorporated as the Evangelical Lutheran and Reform Zion church. In 1872 a new frame church was erected north of the old church, the land for this purpose being given by Jacob Sandel. The dedicatory services were held October 5, 1873, by the Revs. G. W. Mechling, W. P. Rutterauff and J. Weller. The Rev. J. W. tartholomew was the first pastor of this new society. He was succeeded by the Rev. J. P. Hentz, Rev.. John Webber, and others. This new organization attracted the majority of the members of the old church. Among the wardens of this church., we find the names of Valentine Thresh, Albert Klein, and others, and among the elders, Peter Houk, Geo. Reiger and David Grass. The society is now in a flourishing condition. The Adams Township Baptist church, was constituted March 3, A. D. 1855, by elders Wm. Sedgwick and E. W. Handle: Among the prominent founders of the church were John and Jacob Darner. It never had a large membership, but was very harmonious and strong in the faith. Preaching was held here monthly for some years, afterwards semi-monthly. July 23, 1881, Rev. L. R. Mears, pastor, preached the last sermon of which there is any record. The society had been gradually growing less by means of death, letters of dismissal, removals, etc., and the church, by this time, had not enough members to support it. It was finally disbanded, and in 1891, the church building was sold. The names of the original members were John Darner, Rebecca Darner, Abigail Darner, Henry Darner, Elizabeth Darner, Judson M. Darner, Angeline Darner,Mary Matchett, Abigail Sturtz, Abraham Gray, Elizabeth Layton, Elizabeth Hawk, Rebecca McKinney, Mary Clossin and Elizabeth Clossin. The clerks were John Darner, afterwards Judson M. Darner. John Matchett was deacon. Among the pastors was Rev. Eli Frey, Rev. W. M. Marshall, Rev. J. C. Skeimer and Rev. Lyman Mears, who was the last pastor. The first school house in this township stood on land belonging to a man named Minnick, near the site occupied by the town house of to-day. The first teacher was Wm. Jennison from New England. He taught school here in 1820. He was succeeded by Thos. Barclay. In 1828, Edwards, Barrett, Wagoner, Gaumer and others joined and put up a log school house, at the old forks of the road below Fairview, on the land of M. Edwards. The roof was the regular old time weigh-pole affair. The building was 18x20 feet with puncheon floor and loft, the cracks of the loft between the slabs were daubed with mud, the floor was very loose and could easily be taken up. The chimney was an odd affair built in the southwest corner and would contain a back log about six feet long. The benches were of loose slabs or split logs with two round pins for legs at each end and one in the middle. The writing desks were rough slabs resting on pins driven into the wall. James Hayworth taught the first few terms in this house. He was a friendly old miser, and had considerable property which, when he died, went to the state. Many a nocturnal search, after his death, was made on his farm for his hidden wealth. He wore wooden shoes and lived alone in a rude hut, his habits of life being very simple. Sometimes to keep up his fire he would drag in a dry sapling, brush and all, and burn one end in the fire place while the other end stuck out of the open door. He was a curious, clever fellow, a fine scholar and good teacher. In 1836, a school house was erected by the Stewarts, Bells, Saffles, Cowdens and others. The custom, was, in those days, for any neighborhood who needed a school house, to build one. They were subscription schools at first, This school house stood on the land of J. J. Bell. Edward Menaugh, familiarly 310 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. called "Old Minney," taught the first few years here. In 1841 the citizens contributed and built a house on the farm of Solomon Wenner. This building was an improvement, and was built of hewed logs about 22x24 with permanent desks. B. V. Webster taught the last term in the Edwards schoolhouse and the first term at Wenner's. J. O. Sullivan followed and introduced the " McGuffey Readers." Before this they read in almost anything. In 1853, in consequence of a new constitution of the state, the township was re-districted, and instead of five parts, as before, it was made into four districts. This threw much of the Wenner and the Lowe districts together, and henceforth it was designated No. 3. Dr. J. W. Wortman taught the last term in the Lowe house. Jas. L. Honnold taught in the Wenner house in 1853-54. In those old school houses were taught Cobb's, United States, elementary, and McGuffey's spellers, the bible, United States history, McGuffey's readers, and almost any other book, Smith's Geography, Parke's arithmetic and Kirkham's grammar, Grammar was a luxury. If a boy could read, write, arid cipher, he was considered well enough educated. It a man had a little idea of a noun, and that the earth was not flat, " above all of which was the knack of using a gad on a boy's back," then he might " teech skule." Some of the teachers, however, were well educated. The pay of the country teacher was not large. Edward Menaugh received $12 per month and " boarded round." Hiram Shaw taught a subscription school in the thirties, at $1.25 per scholar, making about $10 per month. In 1838, Clegget Ridgway taught and was considered a good teacher. In 1854, a farm house was erected on the Sandel farm, 24x25, costing $339.37 ½. It was substantial building of modern improvements. In 1844, in District No. 3, there was a large number of scholars. H. D. McGaw taught an average of over 6o per day. N. B. Stewart, who taught a very long term, had a daily attendance of fifty-one. Besides the common branches there was taught philosophy, history, music and algebra. Among the old time school teachers, were James Stewart, Hiram Shaw, C. C. Ridgway, Jonathan Gaumer, Levi Stoner, Caleb and Rev. A. Jordan, A. G. Honnold, and others who were efficient teachers. Rev. J. C Spencer was "barred out" of his school house at one time and John Wagoner assisted him to open it. F. M. Buker found foxes and rabbits so abundant, that he had trouble to keep his boys in when it was a good day for hunting. He introduced steel pens to escape the nuisance of making them out of quills. Rev. George Gaumer became an effective Lutheran preacher. S. J. Hanks had seventy scholars; of these four died in the army. Rev. Thos. R. Taylor, A. M., taught school in this township at seventeen years of age and had an average of thirty scholars. J. L. Honnold was a teacher who was very popular. Rev. J. E. Starkey was a faithful teacher. Ratie C. McBride was well remembered. Hon. H. D. McGaw is another of the old time pedagogues. C. N. Gaumer, another old teacher, afterwards married one of .his scholars. John Wagoner, in his school had the first public exhibition in in district No. 3. Samuel W. Sutton has been an efficient and excellent teacher for twenty years in the township. At present there are four school districts in Adams township, and the schools may be said to have greatly progressed since the olden days, having a wider and more varied course of study. CHAPTER XXIV HARRISON TOWNSHIP HARRISON is bounded thus: North by Wayne, east by Blue Rock, south by the county line, and west by Brush creek. Its surface is broken and rough. Duncan's run, Back run, Blue Rock run and Sycomore run all have their sources in Brush creek township and flow eastwardly through Harrison township into the Muskingum. The highest elevations contain most limestone. The lowlands are quite productive, coal is abundant, but not easily mined. Jacob and Nathaniel Ayers bored the first saltwell in the township, in 1816, .on section 10, HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 311 township 11, range 13, on the west bank of the river, just above the mouth of Sycamore run. It was sunk four hundred feet. Later another well was sunk near by. These wells in, time became the property of John Stevens, known as the Stevens Salt Works. Later still Jacob. Neff assumed control and rebored the old well to a greater depth, rebuilt the furnace and put in improved machinery. The two wells operated at a comparatively recent date by William Edgely were formerly known as Stephen Guthrie's Salt Works. One of them was sunk by Stephen Guthrie for James Taylor, the other by Charles Lucas for Stephen Guthrie. Other wells in this township were bored by Michael Waxier for Moses Ayers, by Nehemiah Dillon, and by W. B. Culbertson. There were many others, not above specified. A family named Bean in 1798 lived in a large sycamore hut that stood near the mouth of Black run, and are thought to have been the first settlers. They were followed early by Nathaniel Ayers, Samuel McBride, James Hem mett, Henry Ballou, Thomas Winn and James Neff. George Dutro lived on section seventeen in 1804, and about that time Jacob Baker came. It is thought that John W. Baer was the first blacksmith in this township. As "the Buckeye Blacksmith" he afterward became prominent politically. In 1827 William B. Rose had a "smithy" on Duncan's run. Later he had a shop on "the Island," where he made iron work for Mr. Taylor at the time of the erection of the mills. The first frame house in this township was erected by James Taylor, in 1830. Six years later Amos F. Whissen built the first brick house in the township, at Taylorsville. The first survey for a road in Harrison was made from Taylorsville to Brush creek. The viewers were David Butt, John Oakes and Gearing Scarvell. In 1829, James Taylor constructed a dam across the river at Duncan's Falls, and at the same time built a sawmill on the west side of the river. In 1830 he put up a grist mill. When the Muskingum navigation was improved, the old dam was replaced by Col. James Sharp, under a contract with the state. After it had been in possession of several intermediate owners, the grist mill became the property of W. & W. H. Frazier. Among his other enterprises, Mr. Taylor kept a ferry and engaged in the manufacture of salt. One Bixby was the first physician in the township. His professional standing is uncertain. Dr. Noah L. Mercer is said to have been the first "regular" medical practitioner. Other early and later physicians were Doctors Mason, Clapp, Ballou, Wilkins, Huff, McCormick Terran, Atwell, Howard, Groves, Suters, Milligan, Blackburn, Lyons, Ulrich, Henry, Dorr, Richie and Evans. The first public school house of which any authentic record is preserved, was a two story frame building erected in Taylorsville in 1834. Elsewhere will be found reference to the fact of the late President Garfield having taught school in this township. Henry Ballou, mentioned elsewhere in these pages, was a brother of Mr. Garfield's mother. This township was organized December 20, 1839, under authority of the following order of the county commissioners: "A petition was presented by John Hammond, signed by a majority of the householders residing within the boundaries of the proposed new townthip, and the commissioners, being satisfied that the necessary notice of such intended application had been given by advertisement, as required by law, proceeded to take the matter into consideration. The petitioners set forth that they labor under many difficulties and disadvantages in consequence of the distance and other difficulties they encounter in going to and from elections, and also praying that a new township may be set off of parts of Blue Rock, Brush Creek and Salt Creek townships; and the commissioners, believing it necessary for the convenience of the inhabitants and township officers, do hereby order a new .township to be set off, according to the following boundaries; to-wit: Beginning at the southwest corner of section 14 in the original surveyed township number io, in range number 1.3, and running thence north to the center of the Muskingum river; thence following down the center of said river, according to the meanderings thereof, to the line which divides the counties of Muskingum and Morgan; thence west on said line to the place of beginning all in the congress district of lands—which shall constitute a new township to be called Harrison township. Also ordered by the commissioners that an election be held at the house of P. Burkhalter, in Taylorsville, on the loth instant (being December 20, 1839), between the hours of 8 and 10 A. M., and close at 4 P. M., to elect township officers according to law." This order is dated December 4, 1839. The new township thus formed comprised that portion of Blue Rock township lying west of 'the Muskingum river in range 12, one row of sections from the eastern part of Brush Creek township in range 13, and one 'section of Salt Creek township lying west of the river. It was named by John Hammond, in honor of. Gen. William Henry 312 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Harrison. The first justices of the peace were J. W. Whisson and William Price. Henry Ballou and "Squire" Groves were also early justices. Taylorsville is an incorporated village pleasantly situated on the west bank of the Muskingum, and also on the line of the Zanesville & Ohio River railroad, in the extreme western part of Harrison township, nine miles south of Zanesville. It is a clear, healthy location, surrounded by a rich farming country, and has the advantage of river navigation and express and telegraphic communication. One of the oldest villages in this part of the state, Taylorsville's importance as a trade center was widely recognized. Under railway influence her interests are improving, -and the development, of her natural resources, coal and potter's clay, seem probable in the early future. The postoffice was establithed in 1850, with Dr. Fearnes as postmaster. James Taylor was the founder of Taylorsville (laid out in 1833), from whom the town derives its name. He previously built the dam and also a grist-mill, it having six run of buhrs, and had a large custom. Above the mills a saw-mill was erected also by Mr. Taylor. William Bagley, from Morgan county, erected a woolen-mill, which was subsequently bought by James and Robert Brown. The woolen-mill now occupies a different site, and is used as a grist-mill, Gearing Scarvell was the surveyor who laid out the town. Mr. Taylor was a public-spirited man, who when he came possessed considerable means; reverses, however, swept away his fortune, and he died a poor man. He lived at Duncan's Falls, opposite Taylorsville, and there ended his days. Gearing Scarvell was the first merchant. He carried a general stock, and also dealt largely in coal. Philip Sheppard was the next merchant, and also carried a general stock. Robert Sheppard was the first school-teacher. The school was held in private houses for several years till a schoolhouse was built. William B. Rose was the first blacksmith. He met a violent death at the hand of a murderer, a man named Annon, who was tried, convicted and sentenced to a term in the penitentiary. Gearing Scarvell probably built the first house in Taylorville. The Taylorsville canal is a part of the system of "improvements in the navigation of the Muskingum." It is a mile in length, and was constructed for the state by Lyons, Buck & Wolf, contractors, the work under the supervision of Christley Wolf, having been completed in 1840. The locks are 36 feet wide and 200 feet long. The Taylorsville bridge was projected by Gearing Scarvell in 1873 and was originally intended to be a private enterprise; but the county commissioners took it in hand and it was begun July 1, 1874, and finished in about four and one-half months. T. B. Townsend, of Zanesville, was the stonework contractor, and the superstructure was, erected by the Smith Bridge Company, of Toledo, Ohio. The entire structure cost about $28,000, and it is noted for its great length, about 800 feet. Taylorsville was for a long time a mission of the Catholic church of Zanesville. A church was erected in 1836 and dedicated by Bishop Purcell. It is a frame building 25x40 feet. The contractor was Anton Erbst, and the cost was $1,000. From that time this congregation which at different times has numbered from 75 to 100 souls, has been supplied with a local or regular pastor. The parish and church are known as "St. Anna's." A Methodist protestant class' of fifteen or twenty members was organized in 1842, by Rev. Nathaniel Linder, who preached in the woods near the Hiram Price place now. Among the members were Robert Welch and his wive and two daughters, Peter Mohler and family, James Morrison and wife, Mrs. David Young, Isaiah Dennis and his wife, Robert Twyman and Joseph Fish. In 1843, a revival under the preaching of Revs. James Winn and J: Huntsman brought the membership up to 112, and a church house was erected on land furnished 'by Mathias Young; near the center of section 30. It was a frame building, 24x28. In 1869 it was replaced by another structure, 24 x38, which cost $1,109, and was dedicated in May, 187o, by Revs. George H. Heisey and J. C. Ogle. St. John's Evangelical Lutheran church was organized April 11, 1878, with fifty members, by Rev. Andrew Birch. In October, 1878, a lot was. purchased in Taylorsville and a church building was' begun. The cornerstone was laid the following spring, and the church was completed and dedicated September 1879, Rev. H. Cramer, of Zanesville; preaching a sermon in German and Prof. M. Loy delivering, an address-in English. The building cost $1,000. The first class of the Blue Rock Methodist Episcopal church was founded by Rev. Samuel Hamilton, with Joseph Kirk as leader. Among the original members were Mr. and Mrs. Frederick Barringer, Mr. and Mrs. John Hammond, Mr. and Mrs. fames Shauer, Mr. and Mrs, John W. Baer, Mr. and Mrs. John White, and Susan Adams. The first house of worship was a primitive log affair, 20x25 feet, and stood be HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 313 tween the forks of Blue Rock creek, on section A frame building was erected near the old site in 1852. It was larger, its demensions being 26x30. The membership of this church has ranged between sixty and nearly a hundred. CHAPTER XXV BLUE ROCK TOWNSHIP. THIS township was organized December 3, 1810, from Salt Creek township, and is bounded north by the mother township, east by Meigs township, south by Morgan county and west by Harrison township. The first election of which there is any record was held January 6, 1814, at the house of Lewis Allwine. Following is a list of first things of their kind in this township: Mail through the township carried by Daniel Conyers, in 1779, on the Muskingum river by canoe. Local mail carried by Timothy Gates, on horseback, from Zanesville to McConnelsville; mail coach, Zadoc Burdick's, between the two towns just mentioned; frame house, Caleb Hall's, near mural Dale; brick house, Caleb Butler's, on section 28; stone house, Thomas McLees's, now occupied by James R. S. McLees; orchards, those of Levi Reeves, the Silveys, Dutros, Findleys and Newkirks; marriage, that of Stephen Reeves and Mary Briggs, in 1803; tavern, that kept by Laurence Allwine, above Gaysport in 1810; graveyard, that on the property of Tobias Dilley; blacksmith, John Bird; wagonmaker, David Dutro; shoemaker, Robert Silvey; wheelwright, Jesse Thomas; wooden plowmaker, J. Revenaugh, Jr.; stone-mason, John Davis; chairmaker, James Burroughs; distiller, Absolom Roberts; tanner, Thomas White; cabinetmaker, Joshua Crumbaker; grocery, by John P. Farrell; general store, Rufus Putnam; store and warehouse, built by Moses Reeves, at Gaysport; physician, Dr. Baker, in 1805; salt well, that put down by Nathaniel Ayers, at Gaysport, in 1822; school, on the river, as early as 1815; sawmill, John Trimble's, below the site of Rural Dale, in 1820: steam sawmill, Samuel W. Culbertson's, in 1827; steam grist-mill, Worstall Brothers Gaysport, 1872; hand mill, Levi Reeves, 1816 Other early physicians were Dr. Sears, Dr Flanders, about 1830; Dr. Clapp, about 1836 Dr. McNeal. Dr. McCall came to Gaysport, 1844; Dr. Coverdale practiced at Ridgeway, 1836; Dr. Wilson was at Rural Dale, 1837; Dr. James Hull was early at Keifer; Dr. Smith was at Rural Dale, 1853-1865, Dr. Lewis Haworth came later; Dr. Macomber in 1858, and later, Drs. Cooper, Kennedy, Jennings, Axline and Leeper; Dr. Carlow came to Gaysport in 1850, and Doctors Hatfield, Ward and Baughman also practiced there. The salt interest was more or less important in this township until 1869. Timber, coal, sandstone and fire-clay were also abundant and have contributed their part toward the development and prosperity of the township. The first school has been mentioned. A union school, for Blue Rock, Meigs and Salt Creek townships was located on the land since owned by Frederick Wion, and the school house was built in 1821. The next was a union school for Blue Rock and Meigs townships, on land owned by David E. Mitchell. The school house was built in 1824. There was a school on George Stewart's land, taught by Joseph Webster, as early as 1824. In 1828 a school house was built on James Starrett's land. There was a school on Enoch Harlan's place in 1830. Perhaps as early as 1830, there was a school in connection with the Blue Rock church. The most important early school, the parent of the three schools in the northeastern part of the township, was on Joseph Starrett's place, near Kiefer, where a pretentious school house for those days was built by John Ward, in 1833. For many years the inhabitants of Blue Rock paid attention chiefly to wheat culture, but at length stock raising began to assume importance. The first thoroughbreds were introduced by John Trimble in 1828. Wool growing, however, is a leading interest. The improvement of sheep was begun here about 1828. Fruit growing is quite important. In 314 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. 1858 an agricultural society was organized, with E. J. Trimble as president and E. Hillis Talley as secretary and treasurer. The first fair was held at the farm of W. T. Talley, the second at James Trimble's, the third at James Findley's. They were useful and successful and were broken up only by the War of the Rebellion. Petroleum was taken from a spring in the northeast corner of the township in 1819, by Martin Smith, and the first oil well sunk in the township was put down on Smith's farm in 1861, near this spring. The second development was made in January, 1866, on the Nathaniel McDonald farm. The Woodberry well was sunk here, and others were put down in the vicinity. The well mentioned produced sixty barrels of oil per day for six months, another well yielded two hundred and forty barrels per day. Great excitement and wild speculation followed. The oil was of slight illuminating power and the small wells were abandoned and in time the larger ones gave out. In this abandoned condition the territory remained with the exception of two wells, which yielded steadily in paying quantities for twelve years, when in 1878, the "Carr Oil Company of Muskingum county" was organized to develop this field; but little practical progress followed. Rural Dale was laid out by J. B. Milhous in 1854, though there had been a settlement there since 1816, when George Gibbons built the first house. Rockville was the original name of the place, but Milhous changed it when the village was platted, The first store was opened there by Briggs & Kearns in 1836; the first tavern about the same time by William Kisk. Kiefer is an attractive hamlet and was originally known as Ridgeway. When the postoffice was established it was named thus in honor of Gen. Kiefer. The land including Gaysport was originally owned by Jacob Ayers. Asa Gay, Sr., purchased it and laid out the village, naming it in his own honor, in 1880. The telegraph line from Zanesville to McConnelsville was constructed in 1867, but it was not successful and was re-established in 1880 on a better plan. An office was established at Gaysport in 1877. There are three postoffices in the township—one at Gaysport named Blue Rock, one at Kiefer, and one at Rural Dale. Rural Dale lodge No. 157, I. O. O. F., was organized under a charter granted in February, 1850, to J. P. Smith, W. A. Hawley. J. B. Milhous, Abram Morrison and C. H. Trimble. It was instituted June 13, 1850, with 13 charter members. The first officers were J. P. Smith, N. G.; W A. Hawley, V. G.; J. B. Milhous, secretary; C. H. Trimble, treasurer. Rockville Division No. 585 Sons of Temperance flourished 1849-52. Blue Rock Grange No. 359 Patrons of Husbandry was organized at Rural Dale, in 1873, and existed for some time. The first Baptist who resided in Blue Rock township, was Sister Joanna John (wife of Jesse John), who came from Chester County, Pennsylvania, in the year 1819. The first Baptist minister who preached in Blue Rock township, was Elder Henry Pringle, at the house of Jesse John in the year 1822, and who traveled all through this region of country, preaching the Gospel, which resulted in bringing many souls to Christ. Elder George Russell, was the second minister to preach in the township. He came to Jesse John's and preached for the first time, on "Easter Sunday, 1823," and continued once a month for several years, and baptized several persons at different points where he preached. Elder Levi Culver was the next minister to visit the neighborhood. He came here in the year 1827, and preached sometimes at the aforesaid place, and other places in the township. He was one of the first missionaries of the Ohio Baptist State convention. After he had baptized a number of persons, a council of ministers was called to consider the propriety of constituting a church. The council meet at the house of John Revenaugh, on the 25th day of July, 1828. The ministers present at the council were Elder Courtland Skinner, Elder Wm. Reece, together with Elder Culver, who advised the importance of constituting a church, which they did at the time. Sister Jane Roberts was the first person baptized in the township, and her husband, Wm. Roberts, was the first deacon of the church. The church was constituted with thirteen members, and called "the Regular Baptist church," of Blue Rock. The names of the constituent members are as follows: Samuel Revenaugh, Catharine Revenaugh, Wm. Roberts, Jane Roberts, Lorena Roberts, Mary Roberts, Thos. Wear, Catharine Wear, Nancy Blair, John Revenaugh, Jane Revenaugh, Elizabeth Wion, Lydia Mace. In a short time after.this, they built a house of worship, in the north-eastern part of the township, about four miles from where the Baptists commenced their labors. It was built of logs, 30 by 30, and in this they held their meetings for over twenty years. Elder Levi Culver was their first pastor. He continued until his death, having the care of the church eight years and four months. Rev. Enoch Rector was called to supply the church at the death of Bro. Culver, and continued to preach for them until they called to the charge of the church Elder Reuben Burkley, HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 315 about ten months later. Mr. Burkley began his labors May 1st, 1836, and died at his post while away from his home, on a preaching tour in Salt Creek township. Elder Benjamin Blake was their next pastor, who remained with them two years. Elder Abel Johnson commenced his labors May 1st, 1844. While he had charge of the church seventeen members received letters to constitute a church in the southern part of the township, where the first efforts were made by the denomination. The church is now known as the Rockville Baptist church, which is a large, flourishing church. This church has since had a successful career. Rev. James B. Sinclair was the first pastor after the division. The Regular Baptist church, called Rockville, was organized on the 13th. day of August, 1844, under the shade of a large forest oak, on the summit of the hill directly south of the village of Rural Dale, and near the place where the meeting house now stands. An ecclesiastical council of the Regular Baptist denomination was present, being previously invited from the churches of Blue Rock, Windsor, Rich Hill, Bristol and Four Mile. A sermon was preached on the occasion by Elder William Stone, of Columbiana county, Ohio, from Daniel, 2d chapter and 44th verse, after which sixteen brothers and sisters who had previously received letters of dismissal from Blue Rock church were duly organized to constitute said church. The names of the constituted members are as follows: James Burris, Elizabeth Burris, John Gossage, Loreno Gossage, Geo. Bird, Jesse John, Joanna John, Lettitia John, Eleanor Burris, Sarah Scott, Maria Scott, Sarah Harlan, Phebe Briggs, Rebecca Frame, and Hannah Bird. Of this little band, James Burris, Elizabeth Burris, George Bird, Jesse John, Joanna John, Sarah Scott and Rebecca Frame, have been called home to their heavenly Master, and are now reaping the joys of their reward. After the regular organization of this church, it was immediately received into the Meigs Creek association, which was to convene on the next day (August 14th), with the Duncan's Falls church. The first messengers from this church to the association were Jesse John and George Bird. Elder Abel Johnson was chosen first pastor of the church immediately after its organization. In 1845 a meeting house was erected, and dedicated November 22. In 1859 the church withdrew from the Meigs Creek association and it united with the Zanesville association in August, 1860. Bethlehem Methodist Episcopal church, situated on the George Stewart place, was built in 1830. The churchyard was opened in 1828, and Mrs. Catharine Wear was the first one buried there. The members about that time were Jeremiah Argo, Samuel Nicholson, Roderick Aston, John Coverdale, Michael E. White and "Father" Winrod and their wives. Jeremiah Argo was a licensed classleader and exhorter. The first local preacher was Levi Reeves. This society moved to Rural Dale and there has since flourished. The third church organized in the township was the Radical Methodist church, its house of worship on land owned by William Betts. Among its prominent members were Mr. and Mrs. Betts, Peter Clapper and wife, Hiram Sherman and wife, Henry Crawford and wife, Margaret Barber and daughter and Elizabeth Gibbons. Dr. Coverdale, was exhorter, and Mr. Betts classleader. Revs. Linder and Whitney were the first regular preachers. A good frame house was after a time erected on the land of Henry Crawford and the congregation met there from that time on. Sugar Grove Methodist Episcopal church had its inception in a class which met at John Grindslaff's house in 1817. jrn 1826 this. class numbered eighty members. It was divided and in a way reunited at a later date by the organization of the Sugar Grove Methodist Episcopal church of Salt Creek township. There was once an organization of Presbyterians that met in a stone house on land owned by Joseph Wallace, Sr. 316 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. CHAPTER XXVI JACKSON TOWNSHIP THE northwest corner township of the county, Jackson is bounded north by the county line, east by Cass township, south by Licking township, and west by the county line. It was organized in 1815 and is said to be named in honor of Gen. Jackson, the "Hero of New Orleans" of that day. The first election for township officers was appointed to be held at the house of Thomas Blizzard, June 6, 1815. Of those who, prior to 1816 by virtue of commissions as justices of the peace, settled controversy and punished offenders, may be named Clark Hollenback, Robert Selbes, and Nathan Baker. Among the well-known settlers of the township were Col. William and Thomas Blizzard, the Fairalls, David Evans, and Hezekiah Bonham. Thomas Wilkins and his son Daniel, located in the southeast, were old-time settlers from Maryland. Clark Hollenback entered land north of Frazeysburg. William McClintock entered a tract adjoining the present village in the summer of 1814, and made improvements, and moved in with his family in the fall of 1815. As late as 1813 much land lay wild and untenanted. On the hills were no settlers, and there were but few in the valleys. Habitations were rude in Character, and present civilization seemed far remote and barely possible. The first frame house is thought to have been built for Joshua Bennett, and the first brick house was erected about 1830, by Mr. Blizzard. The old house is situated northwest of Frazeysburg, and became known as the home of Col. William Blizzard. The Mendenhalls were also early settlers. Joshua Bennett, Samuel Mendenhall's son4n-law, came in 1816. A German named Tushman came early; also Joseph Chaney, who located north of Frazeysburg. Level lands soon obtained roads; these hilly regions were impassable, and the laying of a road was an event like the survey of a railroad. The road from Owl creek to Zanesville via Frazeysburg was laid out in 1822 by John Adams and Samuel Frazey, commissioners appointed by the State. The first mill was put up on the "Tomaka" creek, about two miles west of the village, in 1819, and was a combined grist-and-saw-mill, run by Samuel Mendenhall. The dam was washed away in 1830. George Stannetts, who lived in the mill with his family, was miller for some time. Richard Griffin was miller at a later date. The last one. was John Norris. The following year James McCintock built a saw-mill down the creek, and along in 1837, Ira Belknap erected a grist-mill on the same dam. In the spring of 1833, the copper stills were put in operation by a man named Blood, but the enterprise failed within the year. In 1827, Frazeysburg was laid out by C. Hollenback; it was originally known as Knoxville. Hollenback built a sawmill in 1820-1822, and William McClintock had an early sawmill on Wakatomaka creek. There was a rude saw-mill and grist-mill in the extreme northwest corner of the township in 182.5 which had many owners and disappeared entirely about twelve years ago. Samuel Mills built the first house, and used it as a tavern. John Walker repaired the farmers' tools and shod their horses. The Methodists built the first church in 1820. Revs. Smith and Cunningham were preachers for the Presbyterians as early as 1818. The first bridge was built over the creek in 1823; it was of hewed timber on trestles, and the work of the neighboring settlers. Squire McCann recalls an old log shanty used for school, church, and singing, which stood two and a half miles from Frazeysburg. Philip Shaffer was an early singing-teacher, having taught in 1831 and 1832. The people of Jackson are healthy and contented; they love their fine hill-side scenery, and the traveler winding his way up the slopes in long stretches sees at each summit a new and pleasant landscape. The early settlers of this township were allured hither by the fertility of the lands in the valley of Wakatomaka creek, like those who settled nearest to the valley of the Muskingum. It is true that the area of perhaps twenty-five miles HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 317 on either side of the latter stream is included in the term, "Valley of the Muskingum," and yet the smaller valleys have afforded special attractions to the settler. Actuated by the motive to make a paradise wherever nature invited them, the settlers, therefore, selected sites as near to the streams of importance as seemed good to them. Jackson is undulating in its surface, and occasionally broken. The soil is rich limestone, clay being plentiful on the uplands, and sandy loam in the lower lands and bottoms. Iron and coal of fair quality, are found in various localities. The latter is consumed at home, while the former is shipped to Zanesville via Frazeysburg. Among the early physicians who practiced in this township for a longer or shorter period were Dr. Elmas Wheaton, of Irville, Licking township, and Doctors Black, Pearce, Bartley and Philander Byam Mordecai Bartley, afterwards governor of Ohio, is thought to have been the only lawyer here in the early days. The first tavern at Frazeysburg was kept by Samuel Mills, who was also an early carpenter. Other of the pioneer knights of the chisel, saw and plane were John Ruckle and Charles Morrow. Among the first surveyors were the Robertses, John and Charles. They came in 1822. Charles Roberts surveyed many of the farms in this township and John Roberts laid out Frazeysburg. Among early and old justices of the peace were Robert Selder, Clark Hollenback and Richard Griffee. Henry Shepherd opened the first blacksmith shop in 1827 in a log building of the old style. James Morgan taught a subscription school in a log house half a mile north of Frazeysburg, in 1822. This is thought to have been the first regular school in the township. John Bowen was a school teacher in Jackson in 1831, Samuel McGinnis in 1832. Samuel Mills' pioneer tavern, opened about 1817, was a log building on the site of the Hamilton store in Frazeysburg. He was succeeded after a number of years by Stephen Cessna. Later "landlords" were William English, Thomas Foster and Jonah Campbell. This old hostelry was long since torn down. Frazeysburg is not only one of the leading and most prosperous villages of the county, but is situated in the midst of a rich agricultural, wool-growing and stock-producing section. In close proximity is found excellent stone quarries, while the soil supplies the best quality of potter's clay, moulding sand, white and gray. clay for the manufacture of tile and pottery, fire and building brick. The village is on the line of the Pan Handle railway and Ohio canal, and contains many handsome private residences and business houses, which would do credit to larger towns and cities. Its citizens, as a class, are intelligent, enterprising and progressive, as will clearly appear in a notice of its public institutions. There are three churches, viz.: Disciples', Elder J. S. Bonham, pastor, with seating capacity of about three hundred. Presbyterian Church, Rev. C. C. Downs, pastor, with seating capacity of about four hundred. M. E. Church, Rev. R. H. Griffith, pastor, with seating capacity of four hundred. The district has a fine two story brick public school building, with four rooms. The enrollment is 201, with an average attendance of 189. The Frazeysburg Library association was organized April 15,1890 with library at the store of C. M. Bell. Its officers are J. Corn, president; Mrs. T. J. Tremley, vice president; Miss Mame Cochran, treasurer; C. M. Starner, secretary, and C. M. Bell, librarian. The Frazeysburg Building and Loan Association was organized April, 1888. Its officers are: C. M. Bell, president; T. C. Pearson, secretary; John A. Evans, treasurer. Board of directors: James Stitt, George W. Judy, H. L. Stamets, Dr. Jasper Corn, J. W. Frazier, J. W. Baker, Wm. Hamilton, W. A. Norris, C. M. Bell, T. C. Pierson, John A. Evans. Frazeysburg lodge No. 490, F. & A. M., meets Friday evening on or before full moon. Dr. J. D. Fleming, W. M.; T. J. Reeder, S. W.; Wm. Clemens, J. W.; J. B. Bennett, treasurer; Thos. Rose, secretary; Alexander Wishart, S. D.; Isaac Pryor, J. D., and Joseph Van Austin, tyler. Lodge room over city hall. Glendale lodge, No. 649, I. O. O. F., meets Monday evenings of each week. J. T. Reeder, N. G.; Welcome Wright, V. G.; M. J. O'Neil, secretary; J. E. Ruckle, treasurer. Junior Order of American Mechanics, No. 79, organized in March, 1890. C. M. Bell, junior past counsellor; George W. Judy, counsellor; Wm. Pine, vice counsellor; C. M. Gardner, recording secretary; Joseph Wires, assistant secretary; D. H. Lewis, financial secretary; J. R. Johnson, treasurer: C. E. Ruckle, inside sentinel; C. E. Paugh, outside sentinel. Griffith Post, No. 331, G. A. R., Wm. Leffler, commander; W. H. Fairall, senior commander; Hugh Lackey, junior commander; J. W. Evans, officer of the day; Wm. Wires, adjutant; T. J. Buchanan, quartermaster; C. M. Bell, chaplain; M. Adams, officer of the guard. In 1890 the town officers were Qeo. C. Adams, mayor; John Debolt, marshal; R. P. Mendenhall, M. O'Neil, Joshua E. Bennett, Chas. W. Fleming, Henry Host, H. Night, council-men; M. D. Packard, town clerk; Jasper Corn, town treasurer; A. Mendenhall, street 318 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. commissioner. V. Z. Norris, W. A. Norris, Dr. J. Corn, H. L. Stamets, T. C. Pierson, Wm. Hamilton, school board. Frazeysburg has a good two story town hall, a good band and a well conducted weekly paper. Frazeysburg was platted June 6, 1827, by Clark Hollenback and named Knoxville. As has been stated, the actual survey was made by John Roberts. Numerous additions have been made. In 1828, .Mr. Hollenback sold the original town to Samuel Frazey, who changed the name to Frazeysburg. The village was incorporated in 1868, and L. W. Doane was the first mayor. The postoffice was established in the winter of 1828-29. Samuel Frazey was the first postmaster. Richard Griffee is credited with having opened the first grocery store in the township. Another early store was Whitney's. Col. Blizzard opened a store in 1828. Samuel Frazey had a store near the southeast corner of the present canal bridge in 1828-29, the largest opened in the township to that time. The Frazeysburg Mill company, was organized here in 1885, and is controlled by some of the leading citizens. The building, exclusive of office and engine room, is three stories and basement in height, and 36x48 feet, in dimensions. The engine room is 20x36 feet, and the office 12x18 feet in size. In all departments the mill is equipped with newest improved appliances for the rapid and efficient manufacture of the highest standard grades of bakers' and family flour. The mill is a complete roller mill, with - the best purifiers and is propelled by a 30-horse power engine and a boiler, and has a capacity of fifty barrels of flour per day. The staple brand for which this mill has secured more than local celebrity, is known as "Pure Gold," which bears the highest standard of excellence in all markets into which it has been introduced, and enjoys a high degree of popularity both with the trade and consumers. The individual members of this company are John A. Evans, Jus. Stitt and J. W. Frazier, gentlemen whose enterprise and business. ability give vitality to this section of the county, and who are recognized as prominent in public affairs. They do merchant grinding and exchange, and deal in grain, flour, meal and mill feed. They are also engaged in the manufacture of brick and tile noticed elsewhere. Thomas Brothers & Co.'s Frazeysburg Planing Mills and Lumber Yard, is one of the most important industrial enterprises associated with this section of the county, and was established here by Messrs. Thomas Brothers & Co., in 1889. The present building was completed about the first of June, 1889, and equipped with the necessary machinery for planing, matching and scroll work, and for the execution of every description of planing mill and job work. The individual members of this firm are A. S. and C. W. Thomas and Wm. L. Phelps, gentlemen who bring into requisition that mechanical skill and executive ability which cannot fail to meet the most liberal consideration. The machinery is propelled by a twenty-horse power engine and boiler, and the building, which is two stories in height and 40x50 feet and engine room 14x40 feet in dimensions, gives ample capacity for prompt and efficient work. This firm are prepared to enter into contract to supply doors, sash, blinds, dressed or undressed lumber, lath, shingles, pickets, posts, and for the execution of the entire wood work of public or private buildings. The Frazeysburg Tile and Brick works were erected in 1884, and the concern comprehend a ground space of 30x120 feet in dimensions, which are equipped with the best machinery and appliances for the rapid and efficient manufacture of the best building and paving brick and the most substantial drain tile, .from three inches to twelve inches in diamensions. Contracts are taken for special sizes or quantities, and stock will usually be found on hand for prompt shipment. The concern also manufactures the best hollow building blocks, whose construction supplies strength and solidity to buildings. The first journalistic venture in Frazeysburg was the Federalist, published by C. E. F. Miller, in 1875-76. The editorial work was done in Frazeysburg, where the paper was really issued, but the mechanical work was done in Dresden. The Midland is the title of a vigorous, spicy and reliable family and local newspaper, which was started here August 29th, 1889 a five-column eight-page paper devoted to literature, news and local matter, with Rev. C. B. Downs as managing editor, and A. B. Clark, of Newark, associate editor; general business manager, D. H. Lewis. Jasper Corn, M. D., physician and surgeon, druggist and pharmacist, is a native of Jackson county, in this State, and was born in 1847. Dr. Corn is a graduate of the O. W. U. of Delaware, and read medicine with Dr. A. S. Combs, of Thurman, Ohio. He graduated from the Cincinnati Medical College, at Cincinnati, in the class of '73, and located in Keystone, Jackson county, for one year. In the spring of 1874 he came to this place, where he has since devoted his attention to the duties of his profession, to which' he still gives his attention in connection with his business interests. In 1882 HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 319 he started his drug store. The individual members of the firm of Dr. J. S. Trembley & Son, druggists and pharmacist; are Dr. J. S. Trembley and his son, T. G. Trembley. The senior member of this firm is a native of this county, born in 1819. Early in life he devoted his attention to the study of medicine and surgery, and has been in active practice for over thirty-six years. He located in this place in 1868. Mr. T. G. Trembley, is a native of this county and was born in 1850. After completing his early education he became connected with railroad work, in which he was chiefly engaged up to the time of formation of the present partnership in 1875. This is now the postoffice store, Mr. T. G. Trembley having received his appointment to this place April 27, 1889. J. D. Fleming, M. D., resident physician and sur- geon, is a native of this county, born in 1857. He was reared upon the farm, and after completing his literary education read medicine with Dr. C. F. Wilkin, of Irville, now of Columbus. He graduated from the Columbus Medical College, March 8, 1887, and first opened his office at Adams' Mills, but after one year located in this place March 8, 1888. The canal was completed in 1831-32 and the " Reindeer," a small pleasure boat, made the trip from Newark to Coshocton. The "Union" of Dover was the first regular freight boat to pass through. The Pan Handle railroad was completed through this township in 1855. The first agent at Frazeysburg was E. L. Lemert. Some time before 1820 a small cabin was erected for church purposes, north of the site of school-house number three. David Evans donated the land upon which it stood, in consequence of which it was known as Evans' church. Frazeysburg Methodist Episcopal Church was organized at the house of Zachariah Bonham in 1815. Meetings were held at Mr. Bonham's, at R. C. Mendenhall's, at John Wimmer's and at other houses, and later at a school-house near the north side of Frazeysburg. In 1840, a church building was erected at a cost of $1,000. In 1878 it was succeeded by the present edifice, a frame building that cost $1,800. The Frazeysburg Presbyterian Church was organized with 34 members in 1876. Its brick church, which cost $2,370, was dedicated September 8, 1877, by J. W. Tenney, and the first pastor, Rev. S. D. Smith. Mount Zion Christian Church was organized with eight members in 1832. The first meetings were held at the house of George McDonald. In 1845 the society built its present frame church, which cost about $500, about two miles north of Frazeysburg. The Disciple Church was organized in 1843. The first pastor was Rev. Lewis Corner. A church was built soon after 188o at Frazeysburg. CHAPTER XXVII SALEM TOWNSHIP. THIS township is bounded on the north by Adams township, on the east by Highland township, on the south by Perry township and west by Washington and Madison. The surface is moderately hilly, though much of it is low and level enough to figure as prairie land. Drummond's Knob, in the southern part, is the highest point in the township. The soil is ,a mixture of clay and sand, and for the most part quite fertile. The principal streams are Salt creek and Prairie run. Two branches of Symmes creek flow through the northwest corner. Grain 'raising was formerly the leading occupation. Stock-raising and fruit-growing now receive much attention and fairly divide the honors. The first short-horned cattle were brought in by W. S. Denison, who also introduced the first mower and the first sulky-rake. Singleton Hardy operated the first threshing machine in the township. W. W. Adams, since 1861, became prominent as a breeder of fine cattle. Originally a part of Highland, when that township was ten miles square, this township, five miles square, was set off by the county commissioners, in July, 1819. It was named in honor of Salem,. Mass., from the vicinity of which historic town, many of the early settlers had come. The northeast quarter 320 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. of the township is school land. The first election for township officers was held at the house of Jesse Williams. The first justice of the peace in and for Salem township, under the organization, was Joseph Stiers, who served continuously until 1837, a period of eighteen years. Rev. William Spencer was a justice of the peace for Highland township, living within the present township of Salem prior to, and at the time of organization. Some of the early elections were held at the house of Thomas. Collins. Adamsville has been the polling place since 1846. The settlement of this township began in 1810-1811. Among the early settlers were Jacob Gaumer, William Denison, Jesse Williams, Jacob Swigert, Philip Shroyer, Peter Wertz, Laurence Wisecarver, George Stoner, Peter Livingood, George, Samuel, John and Jacob Shurtz, Joseph Stiers, William and Stephen Starkey, Thomas Collins and Rev. William Spencer. Jacob Gaumer located on lot 28. [See biographical department for extended sketches of his and other pioneer families of this township.] William Denison, from Massachussetts, located on the northeast quarter of section 15, on the William S. Denison property, and with him came Jesse Williams, who married Lucy Denison, daughter of William, and settled on the northwest quarter of section 13. Swigert located on lot 40, of the school land, Shroyer on lot I I, Wertz on lot 8. Stiers settled on the southwest quarter of section 8, Collins on the southwest quarter of section 13, and Rev. William Spencer on school land lot No. 28. The Starkeys were from Virginia. In 1868 Sutherland Stiers, a mile south of Adamsville, cut down a large white oak tree and within its body found a succession of "blazes" made with an ax, as was very evident, and not.with a hatchet or tomahawk. A computation of the difference between the date of the discovery and the number of annular rings enveloping the scars, revealed the fact that the marks were made in 1752. That was twelve years before Bouquet's expedition and antedates that of Braddock, and the men of Salem have cudgeled their brains in vain in the attempt to identify even a probable white visitor to this territory at that remote date. The first frame house in the township was built in 1812 by William S. Denison. The first stone house by Jacob Zimmer, in 1827, and the first brick house by William S. Denison in 1841. The first public road through the township was that from Zanesville to Plainfield, Coshocton county; the second ran from Mechanicsville to Livingood's mill on section 18. Jesse Williams and Lucy Denison were the first couple married in the township, and their son Gordon Williams was the first white child born here. The first death was that of Mrs. Jacob Gaumer, about 1816. Dr. Jacob S. Reasoner was the first physician in Salem. He practiced here from 1832 to 1853. Dr. Henry Decker came in 1839; Dr. Jared Cone practiced here 1845-55; Dr. James Crawford 1835-42; Doctor Loy and Doctor Blake about 1841-42; Dr. John Mills, who studied with Doctor Decker 1843-5o; Dr. P. A. Baker, 1857-79; Doctor Sidle came in 186o, but remained only a short time. Dr. Thomas Gaumer came in 1879. Later physicians in this township are Drs. W. R. Hosick, and W. C. Waters. The primitive mill within the borders of Salem' was that erected by Peter Livingood, below the forks of Salt Creek, on section 18, about 1814— 16. Sometime about 183o it was 'sold to one Bratton, and has long since disappeared. On the southeast one-fourth of section 16, or Salt Creek, Joseph Bowers put a sawmill in operation, in 1832, which he sold, in 1849, to Jacob Keiffer. The latter moved the concern to the east bank of the stream and, in 1869 added a large frame grist mill. In 1836, Charles Sturtz built a sawmill on a branch of Symmes run, or section 4, in which was made most of the lumber used in building the earlier houses in Adamsville. It is not now in existence. A steam sawmill was built on school land lot 21 about 1850 by Isaac Stiers and Samuel Harris. About a year or two later it was bought by Mr. Shrigley, who added a grinding department. G. W. Shoemaker became the owner in 1854, and was succeeded by John Skinner in 1855. Mr. Skinner's ownership was short lived, however, for the concern was destroyed by fire in 1856. A steam grist mill was built near Adamsville in 1862 by Charles Beck. In 1873 it was sold to John D. Hanks. Levi McLaughlin later entered the milling business at Adamsville. Jacob Gaumer was the first gunsmith in the township. He and Peter Wertz and Adam Wade. were early blacksmiths. Stephen Starkey was the first carpenter. The first school house in Salem was erected in 1817 on school land lot 37. Abraham Smith opened the first school there in December, that year. Amy Wade taught there in 1820r Mr. Colvin in 1822. "Jacob and William Shively were two other old settlers," says the Adamsville Register. "Jacob Shively was the first settler on the farm now owned by Julius Taylor and William Shively the farm now owned by Jacob Lane. At the present time none of their descendants remain in the township. James Shively is a valued HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 321 subscriber of the Register, residing at Kansas, Illinois. Benjamin Crane, the grandfather of our fellowcitizen, Jacob Crane, was another pioneer. He settled on what is now the Charley Bowden farm in the year 1814, and built a cabin in the woods." New Hope Evangelical Lutheran church was organized in 1811, by Rev. Anthony Weyer, with the following members: Jacob Gaumer, Catharine Gaumer, Philip Shroyer, Maria Shroyer, Peter Wertz, Susan Wertz, Henry Bainter, Adam Bainter and his wife, Samuel Shurtz, Mary Shurtz, George Shurtz and his wife, Christian Shroyer, Catharine Shroyer, Jacob Gaumer, Jr., Elizabeth Gaumer, Daniel Gaumer, Hannah Gaumer, Catharine Shurtz, Margaret Shurtz, John Shurtz, John Ault, Mary Ault, Jacob Shurtz, Jacob Shroyer, Abraham Shroyer, Anthony Slater, Susan Slater, George Stiner and wife. The first church was built on the northwest corner of lot 28, the site now occupied by the old Lutheran cemetery, already referred to in, 1817. In 1838, it gave place to a brick building which was superseded in 1870 by a frame structure. The cornerstone was. laid May 14, 1870, by N. J. Knisely, and the church was dedicated May 28, 1871, by Revs. McHorine and Jacob Roff. The old church site and graveyard was donated to the trustees of the Evangelical Lutheran. Church, by Jacob Gaumer, in 1819, and the present church site was donated by Jonathan Gaumer. Salem Baptist Church was organized in October, 1818, by Revs. Amos Mix and Henry Pringle, with the following named constituent members: William Spencer, Catharine Spencer, Jessie Williams, Lucy Williams, Wm. Cooksey, Elizabeth Cooksey, John Laurence, Amos Stackhouse, Philip Shoff, Sarah Shoff, Elvira Shoff, Mordecai Adams, Hannah Adams, Isabella Ackerson, Rebecca Tennis, Ethelinda Denison, Rachel Jordan, Sarah Whittenberry, Lacy Babcock, Susannah Hickman and Lucretia Slack. The first church, a hewed log structure, east of Adamsville, was erected in 1822. It was, in 1838, replaced by another building at a cost of $1,000. The present house of worship was built in 1872 at a cost of $2,500. Adamsville Methodist Episcopal church grew out of a class formed in 1840, by Rev. Thomas Buckle. The following were the original members: John Stiers, Michael Ellis and wife, Sarah Stiers, Theodore Bailey and wife, Noah Honnold, Mrs. Armstrong, Thomas Roe. The first quarterly meeting was held in Noah Honnold's barn, May 16, 1841. A church was built at Adamsville in 1842, at a cost of $1,500. Salem Chapel Methodist Episcopal church was constituted with Richard Johnson, Eliza Johnson, Nancy Spragg, Joseph Stiers, Benaiah Spragg, Margaret Stiers, G. Tousler, Martha Tousler, Solomon Baughman, Nancy Baughman, Joseph Johnson, John Daily and his wife, Ruth Johnson, Nancy Crane and others as its first class; Richard Johnson, leader. In 1852, a frame church house was built at a cost of about $900 on land donated by Benaiah Spragg. Good Hope Lutheran church was organized in 1868 by Rev. William Gilbreath. The following were the constituent members: Levi Statts, Amandy Statts, Charles Sturtz, Rachel Sturtz, Louisa Sturtz, John Sturtz, Sarah Wisecarver, Elizabeth Wisecarver and Elizabeth Wire. A frame building was purchased at Adamsville in 1871, and fitted up and dedicated as a church. Beulah Baptist church was organized, after a series of meetings in 1872, by Rev. E. W. Dannels, with the following members: Isaac Darner, D. Winn, Ann Darner, Catharine Winn, Samuel Bowmatn, J. A. Winn, Hannah Bowman, H. N. Winn, R. J. Winn, Hattie A. Winn, Robert Scott, Samantha Whitecraft, John Whitecraft, J. W. Bratton, Nancy M. Winn, Elizabeth A. Bratton, William P. Winn., J. R. Bratton, Lizzie Hunter, Mary A. Bowman, Emma Hardy, Emeline Williams, Lucy Williams, Mary Huff, Austin Lehew and Jared Williams. Early meetings were held in Salem Chapel. Later they were held in Milligan's schoolhouse. In 1872 a church lot was bought of J. A. Morrison, and the house of worship was finished and dedicated by Rev. T. Powell, January 11, 1874. The oldest cemetery in the township is that early set apart by the Lutherans. The first person buried there was Mrs. Jacob Gaumer. The first summer Peter Wertz discovered his little daughter Margaret in danger from a copperhead snake. Picking her up, he held her under one arm, while with a club in the other he dispatthed the snake. His son Jacob Wertz is authority for the statement that before he left the spot he killed fourteen of those dangerous reptiles. " Mordecai. Adams, who owned the quarter section of land which corners on the northeast near the township hall, laid out the town of Adamsville in 1832. According to the Adamsville Register, 1889: " His residence, then located near the present site of Geyer's store, was the only one in the village. A few years later, it was removed to what is known by the town plat as Main street. It is still in existence and increasing in value. It is at present occupied by George Swank, town marshal. In 1857, this property, with the lot, was sold for $80, and paid for with a horse valued at $60 322 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. and the other $20 in work. The house was repaired, and in 1867 it was sold for $170. A few days since it was sold to W. A. Roberts for $250. The first house built in the town after the town was laid out, was built by Dr. Reasoner in the spring of 1833. It was located on the lot now owned by J. W. Garrett. Dr. Reasoner was the first physician in the village, and the lot for an office and residence was donated to him. His office was a part of the present drug store of the village.. His residence, a frame cottage with a porch on the south side, was torn down by. Mr. Garrett in 1877, who built in its place the handsome two-story structure which he now occupies." It is said that William Beaver platted Adamsville for Mr. Adams. Wheeler's addition, on section 4, adjoining the original site, was platted in 1835. Additions were later platted by Jared Cone. Several houses were erected on the town. site in 1832. The first one occupied was that of Dr. Jacob Reasoner, on lot ten. About 1833, Thomas Few opened a store in Adamsville, which was kept by Gibson Collins, the proprietor having been a resident of Union township. He was succeeded by Wertz & Daggett. This store was on the familiar Geyer store site. Jared Cone opened a store in 1835, on lot 2, of Adams' plat, which was the first general merchandising establishment in the township. Roe & Armstrong began business in the Collins building, on lot 9, in 1838. In 1839 they moved to lot 4, Wheeler's addition, and traded there until 1842. Roff & Leslie traded in the Collins building, 1839—'43. Denison Ross and Isaac Stiers began merchandising in 1844, but were in the business but briefly. James Darlington was a later, but by no means permanent merchant. In 1852, Jacob Stenger began trading here. H. S. Roff and John Mills began business in 1853, and had quite a number of successors. In 1863, A. Jordan and William Sedwick took the store, but they separated in 1864, and Mr. Jordan continued the bnsiness until 1875. He was succeeded by Zimmer & Hurdle, Van Kirk & Baker, and Wesley Stiers. Cyrus A. Geyer began business in 1877 and still continues. A. C. Tomlinson and A. Jordan opened stores about a year later. A. C. Tomlinson & Son succeeded Tomlinson. Elsea & Winn are more recent merchants here. Snoots & Ferrell are hardware merchants; John W Garrett is a druggist and stationer. The Adamsville postoffice was established about a mile east of that town in 1827, with Jonathan Starkey as post master. It was moved to Adamsville in 1835, when Jared Cone was appointed. Nelson H. Garner is the present postmaster. Denison Ross erected and opened the first tavern in the township, on lot 4 in Wheeler's addition to Adamsville, in 1838. Later " landlords " were John Bratton, John Zimmerman, Jacob Stenger, David Richardson, Samuel Van Kirk, G. W. Shoemaker and others. The Adamsville house, J. P. Sturtz, proprietor, is the only hotel in the village. Mr. Sturtz took possession April 1, 1890. Adamsville is fourteen miles from Zanesville, its nearest shipping and banking point, and has daily mail communication with that city. In the beauty of its site and the healthfulness of its location, this village is unsurpassed by any in the county. It is surrounded by a fine agricultural, stock and wool-raising district, and the producers of this section, as a class, are in good circumstances. The populaution of the place will reach about 300, and no community or village of its size in the county is actuated by higher motives or more clear conception of progressive ideas and public welfare. Should this place secure railroad connection, which certainly it invites, it would prove an important shipping point. Isolated as it is, about seven miles from any railroad, thirteen miles north-east of Zanesville, and ten miles east of Dresden, it enjoys an importance as a trade and business center unsurpassed by some of our more advantageously situated towns. There are three good coal veins in the surrounding hills and excellent clay for brick and tile manufacturing. This village enjoys the advantages of one of the best kept hotels in the county; good schools and churches, and a class of enterprising citizens and business men. The average attendance of the public schools is about no. There are two churches, viz.: Evangelical Lutheran and M. E. Church. Hubbard Lodge, No. 220, F. & A. M. H. H. Garrett, W. M.; F. P. Winn, S. W.; G. E. Honnold, Jr. W. G. V. Kern, secretary; H. L. Cogsil, treasurer; W. R. Hosick, S. D.; P. C. Shroyre, Jr. D.; M. Bowers, tyler. Fred Aler Post, No. 412, G. A. R., G. V. Kern, Com.; H. H.. Garrett, Sen. Vice; J. Reckel, Jr. Vice.; J. W. Garrett, Q. M. Eureka Grange was organized in April, 1889. The officers are H. H. Garrett, master; Joseph Young, overseer; P. W. Sturtz, secretary; J. W. Slater, treasurer; J. C. Bell, lecturer; John Fritz, chaplain. The Adamsville Register, established in 1889, by E. Spencer, editor and proprietor, is a bright and enterprising four page, seven column local newspaper, issued every Tuesday morning at $1 per annum. In 1892 the paper changed hands, passing to E. C. Jordan, who well sustains the sheet for the reputation secured for it by the founder. HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 323 CHAPTER XXVII CLAY TOWNSHIP. THIS is one of the smaller townships of the county; it is bounded north by Newton, east by Brush creek and south and west by the county line. The following record, copied from the county commissioner's journal, is that of the erection of Clay township, December 9, 1841: "Pursuant to adjournment the commissioners met. Present: John Goshen, Robert Boggs and Littleton Moore. A petition was presented by William Wann, signed by a majority of the householders residing within the boundaries of the proposed new township, at the last Juue session of this board and laid over to the present session, which was this day taken up, and the commissioners being satisfied that the necessary notice of such intended application had been given by advertisements, as required by law, proceeded to take the matter into consideration. The petitioners set forth that they labor under many difficulties and disadvantages in consequence of the distance and other difficulties they have to labor under, in going to and from elections, etc., and also praying that a new township may be set off of part of Brush Creek township, and the commissioners, believing the prayer of the petitioners necessary for the convenience of the inhabitants and township officers, do hereby order a new township to be set off, according to the following boundaries, to wit: Sections Nos. 1, 2, 3, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, in township 14, range 14, being part of Brush Creek township, Muskingum county, which said new township is called Clay township. Also ordered by the commissioners that an election be held at the house of Adam Rider Sr., in said township." It is said that at this date the entire population of Clay did not exceed 100 souls. Roseville is a stirring village located southwest of Zanesville, from which it is distant ten miles, is on the Perry county line, a part of the corporation being in Perry county. It is on the C. & M. V. railroad, and is chiefly noted for its pottery industries, which have gained a national reputation. The clays found here are as diversified as they are superior in quality, and not only household vessels are manufactured, but high art and antique patterns, embracing flower pots and urns, oriental vases, umbrella stands, cuspidors, etc. This industry has caused in the last few years in the increased demand for these goods, which has added much to the importance of Roseville and promises to become a large manufacturing center. Her school population is 265, occupying a new schoolhouse completed last year at a cost of $11,000. It is a modern structure throughout, containing six rooms. Employment is given to five competent teachers. There are five churches here, viz. : Presbyterian, Methodist Episcopal, Protestant Methodist, Christian and Lutheran. The corporate officials in 1890 were: J. B. Lowry, mayor; C. A. Cann, clerk; J. N. Owens, treasurer; J. A. Williams, solicitor. William Dunn, J. H. Snoots, T. H. McAdoo, John Sagle, Henry Combs, R. B. Williams, councilmen. The principal business and other important local interests may be thus mentioned: Adams Express, J. B. Barbee, agent; William J. Allen & Son (William J. and Howard E.), proprietors, Roseville House, and livery and feed stable. Baughman & Pace (John Baughman and George Pace), stoneware manufacturers. Solomon Baughman, groceries, etc. George W. Brown Sr., pottery. John Burton, stoneware manufacturer. George E. Capewell, jewelry., musical merchandise and pictures. Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley Railway, J. B. Barbee, agent. Henry Combs, flouring and saw mill. Abram Goodlive, boots and shoes. G. A. R.., Axline Post, No. 290, William Lowry, P. C.; G. H. Stull, adjutant; Alfred Ransbottom, quartermaster; meets first and third Tuesdays of each month. Guy Bros. (Charles C. and Henry), miners and shippers of coal. Rev. W. T. Harvey, pastor M. E. church. I. O. O. F., David Encampment No. 217, W. H. Brown, C. P.; J. W. Stoneburner, Sr. W.; Oliver King, treasurer; G. W. W. Walker, scribe; meets every second and fourth Tuesdays of each month. I. O. O. F., Jonathan Lodge No. 356, B. Stoneburner, N. G. ; James W. Stoneburner, permanent secretary; C. C. Guy, recording secretary; L. D. Stine, treasurer; stated communications every Saturday evening. Kildow, Dugan & Co. (L. S. Kildow, B. A. Dugan, C. L. Williams and J. W. McCoy), manufacturers 324 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. of pudding pans, frying pans, cooking crocks, coffee pots and general hollow superior stoneware. Austin Lowry, manufacturer of stoneware, plaster dies. Lyman Lowry, stoneware manufacturer. William B. Lowry, manufacturer of stew pots, lawn vases, chimney flues and tops. T. Henry McAdoo, general store. James W. McCoy, manufacturer and jobber of Ohio stone ware, also general store. W. A. Melick, physician. Peter Moore, pottery. Oswald M. Norman, druggist and physician. Owens & Brown (Jacob N. Owens, Ellsworth L. and Walter B. Brown), general store. George W. Owens, groceries, etc. John B. Owens, manufacturer of flower pots, cuspidors, umbrella stands, etc. J. D. H. Parrott, manufacturer of steam and horse clay crushers for potteries and all clay products, also manufacturer of carriages, buggies, wagons and general repair work. People's Building and Ivan Co., J. B. Owens, president; G. W. Walker, vice-president; G. W. Brown, treasurer; J. W. McCoy, secretary; meets every Tuesday night of each month. Rechabites, Lone Star Tent No. 109, Charles Patch, S. ; B. A. Eby, P. C. R.; J. N. Dunnington, R. S. ; W. S. Mayers, treasurer; meets every Monday evening. J. P. Richards, Lehigh mines (coal). Alvah Rider, pottery. Edward Rider, pottery, Roseville House. J. H. Snoots, coal pick manufacturer and agent Grims coal drill. J. Cyrus Sowers, pottery. William B. Sowers, pottery. Standard Coal Company, miners, main office, Columbus, Ohio. L. D. Stine, stoneware manufacturer. Noah Tanner, hotel and feed stable. " The Independent," issued Thursday evenings; George H. Stull, editor and proprietor. The Roseville Bank, George W. Brown, president; Thomas Brown, cashier; general banking business. U. A. M., Jr. 0., Clay Council No. 50, J. W. Sagle, C. ; B. A. Eby, recording secretary; Richard Jeffries, treasurer; meets every Thursday evening. G. W. W. Walker, druggist and physician. John F. Weaver, groceries, confectionery, cigars, tobacco; postmaster. Western Union Telegraph, J. B. Barbee, manager. J. C. Wigtom, dealer in fertilizer. J. A. Williams & Co., real estate and collection agency. Wilson Bros. (George N. and T. Arthur), general store. Samuel P. Zehrung, stoves, tinware, and roofing. Roseville was platted by John Rose in 1812, and was known as New Milford until 1830, when the postoffice was established, with John Allen in charge. For many years following this important event, the mail was carried to and fro on horseback, weekly. In those days the postage was from six and one-fourth to twenty-five cents on each letter, payable in silver by the recipient. The first cabin here was that of Mr. Rose, built, it is said, in 1814. An early addition to Roseville was that platted by James Littleton in 1837. Robert Allen, who was deputy postmaster, was the first merchant. He was succeeded by Allen & Copeland. John Laughlin kept the first tavern in a log cabin. Zadoc Wilson was the first blacksmith. The first shoemaker was a man named Forgran. Elisha Kennedy taught the first school in a log house, with puncheon floor. The second schoolhouse of the same construction was built as late as 1840 and gave place to the present modern frame building. Roseville was incorporated in 1840 and Dr. James Little was the first mayor. The population was then about 300. Chauncey Ford and David Stokeley were the first settlers in this vicinity. They were brothers-in-law. Among the early comers was the Rose family, from which the place took its name. An old woman lived in a little cabin a few rods east of Spurgeon's and owned a small tract of land. It was "all in the bush" then, and little better than a frog pond, containing about twenty acres; it included all the space north of Noah Tanner's tavern to the spring. Dr. Little purchased it and laid it out into town lots, and thus North Roseville was started. The first bricks ever produced in Roseville were made by Thomas Moody. Sixty-five years ago Roseville was a pretty "tough" place, and it is stated that it was a very poor Saturday when three or four fights did not occur. But the people of Roseville and the whole community adjoining were generous and kind hearted. They comprised for the most part the hardy elements of Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania and New York, and there was a slight sprinkling from New England. The "roughs" had mostly disappeared in 1845. In the spring of 1844 Robert Alley, F. W. Howard, Ezra Bailey and others organized themselves into a committee to solicit subscriptions for a fund with which to build a horse bridge across the creek at Roseville. Enough cash and work were pledged to build a wagon bridge across a narrow part of the creek on the Brush Creek road, which was the first bridge at or near Roseville and proved a great convenience. After the Maysville pike was constructed a bridge was built by the county at James' mill. In later years Roseville made efforts to build a plank road to connect with the pike at that point. The scheme was afterward revived under the name of the Roseville and Malta Plank Road company, but failed for want of popular support. The first house of worship in this part of the country was a free-for-all-denominations edifice, and was probably erected about ten years after settlement began. Lory Ford in the reminiscences of his childhood, said the meetings were held in private houses about 1810, and gave an account of a Presbyterian preacher dressed in the old continental style of long stockings, short HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 325 clothes and shoe buckles, who held forth at his father's house. In 1837 the "Old Ironsides Baptists," so called, held services in the Hill church monthly. The Methodists also worshiped there occasionally until they built a log church on Goshen bill, named after their early preacher of that name. The Presbyterians began to make their influence felt in 1849, and in 1850 built a church at Roseville. The Lutherans worshiped in the township quite early. The present churches here have been referred to. CHAPTER XXIX. BRUSH CREEK TOWNSHIP. WHEN we seek to name the early settlers of this section, the names of George Swingle (who erected the first log cabin on the creek), David Butt (from Harper's Ferry, Va.) the next, and then the Whittakers (Lewis and Lemuel) cqme in mind, and with these are associated those of David Stover, the Deitricks (Nicholas and Joseph), Asa Wells, the Baughmans, Henry Stainbrook, A. Buchanan and the McConnells (Thomas and John). Henry Dozer was known as a hunter, the precursor of civilization. He and a large family lived upon the results of the chase, and disappeared as the regular settler made his permanent improvement and opened the woods to the production of grain. The Dozer class of white men followed the game as it was driven before the sweep of settlement, and, enjoying the wealth of forest freedom, left to the actual settler the lands whose tillage has proved a rich heritage to their descendants of the present. The need of a saw-mill was supplied by Samuel Stover, who, in 1813, built a dam across the creek and erected a structure for sawing purposes. He added a grist-mill in 1819. In 1827 and 1829 new mills replaced the primal ones upon the same sites. A small store was early started by John and Joseph Baughman; others, among whom was Gottlieb Slider,had preceded them. The need of a tanner was supplied, in 1815, by Archibald Buchanan, who lived upon the banks of Turkey run. The essential of early settlement was the worker in iron, not the simple repairer, but one who could construct entire the tools used in clearing at that time. The first was Thomas Davidson, 1813— 44. Others were John G. McConnell, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Harrap and Tobias Thomas. A man mimed Cain made this his business, and with him labored Jesse Gibson, who, having in time learned the trade of blacksmith, followed it for many years. The first school kept in Brush Creek was within a little log cabin on the farm of Deitrick, in the year 1813. The honor of teaching the first school in this quarter, in 1814, belongs to David Woodruff Sr., who continued in the profession for years, and taught the first schools in the village of Stovertown. He was succeeded by Thomas Rogers. George Swingle, the pioneer, was a, native of Saxony, Germany, born July 4, 1756. From the age of sixteen to twenty-four he served in the German army. Then, coming to America, he located in Pennsylvania, where he married and lived until 1810, when, with his son, Nicholas, he came to this township and located on what has come to be known as the Solomon Swingle farm. Leaving his son to care for the new domain, he returned to Pennsylvania and brought out the remainder of his family, Nicholas, with what little help was to be had, erecting a cabin, which was ready for their occupancy when they came. Two years later they abandoned this and moved into their just-erected first hewed-log house in this territory, and they also put in some wheat, started an orchard and built a barn. Among other comers not already mentioned were Thomas Davidson, Balser Deitrick, David Woodruff, Joseph Showers, James Brown Joseph and Lewis Hudson, John Boyd, John Worstall, John and James Hopkins, Christian Baughman, E. Longshore, David Woodruff, Martin Adams, Adam Leffler, Jacob Stainbrook, Zeaekiah Butt, John Brighton, Abner Brelsford, John M. Carlisle, Robert Crook, William Thompson, Michael. Wiseman, William McElhany, Abe Stainbrook jr. and Peter Shepard. A road from the Muskingum river to the Morgan county line, dividing this township centrally from north to south, was the first through this section. The first bridge was built over Brush. creek, near the John 326 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. G. McConnell place, by John Worstall. The first carpenters in the township were the second George Swingle and Joseph Showers, and the first carpentering done here was for the pioneer, George Swingle. The first medical practitioner was Mrs. Dr. Addison, who, as early as 1813, went to and fro through all this forest-covered region, carrying her bags of roots and herbs and receiving a hearty welcome at the scattered firesides. Gottlieb Slider's pioneer store, opened in 1830, was on the B. F. Swingle place, near Stovertown. About 1820 Adam Leffler started a distillery on the Daniel Longstreth place. William Swingle made the first brick, which were used in the erection of the residence now of B. F. Swingle. Rev. Cornelius Springer and John Goshen preached in the double cabin of John Bingham, a deer-hunter, and at private houses until the construction of a log meetinghouse by the Lutherans and Presbyterians. In time the log was torn down and a frame erected, and owned by the Lutherans exclusively. The Methodists. had preaching in the dwelling of Zedekiah Butt, by local preaches. An early marriage in the township was contracted by Michael Wingman and Maria Butt. Various interests are well represented to-day. The population is largely German and politically republican. The surface is very hilly, but the soil rich, and cultivation is rewarded by good crops. Oil wells have been sunk, and salt wells are being worked along the banks of the Muskingum. The first salt well was bored by Thomas Moorehead in 1818, on the Joshua McConnell farm. Abundance of coal is found at the hills near the river, and boats take coal from the mine direct. In regard to the organization of this township the Commissioners' journal contains the following entry: "A petition was presented by a number of the inhabitants of Harrison township, praying that a new township be incorporated, viz. : Beginning at the southeast corner of section 31, in township number 10, in range number 13; thence north with the range line between the 13th and 14th ranges to the northwest corner of section number 6, in township number 11, in the 13th range east, to the Muskingum river; thence down said river until it intersects the range line between the 12th and 13th ranges; thence south to the county line; thence west to the place of beginning; called Brush Creek township. February 10, 1817." The first justice of the peace was Samuel Whitaker. Rev. William Foster, an Evangelical Lutheran minister, conducted religious services in Brush Creek township, 1812-18, in the dwellings of the pioneers. In 1818-19, meetings were held by Rev. Andrew Henkle and his brother Charles. In 1819 Rev. Lewis Shite, assisted by Rev. Andrew Henkle, organized a charge consisting of four or more congregations. One of these, Jerusalem church, in Morgan county, near Deavertown; one, St. John's Evangelical church, in Brush Creek; the others in Roseville and Fultonham, this county. During that year the Lutherans built a log church in Brush Creek, two miles south of. Stovertown, on a site still marked by a graveyard where rest many of the pioneers. The first burial in this cemetery was that of Miss Phebe J. Swingle, daughter of John G. Swingle, in 1812. She was a member of the Evangelical Lutheran church, having united with it in Chambersburg, Penn., before her family removed to Ohio. Up to this time no Lutheran minister had officiated in Brush Creek. Rev. Father Goshen, of Putnam, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, well known to the old settlers of the county, was requested to officiate at the burial. The congregation was served by Rev. Samuel Kaemmerer, 1820-36. In 1831 a church was built by the Lutherans and Presbyterians half a mile south of Stovertown, and was the joint property of the two congregations. Rev. Amos Bartholomew was pastor, 1837-39; Rev. J. Manning, 1837-56. In 1851 the Lutherans bought a lot next to that upon which the union church stood, and erected upon it a building for their sole use and ownership. It was a neat frame structure, and was dedicated in the fall of that year by Rev. A. J. Weddell. Rev. John Rugan was pastor, 1856-68. Rev. J. Manning again took charge of the congregation—the Jerusalem, Roseville, and Fultonham churches constituting a separate charge. In 1872 dissension and discord arose in the congregation, and the pulpit was declared vacant and was regularly supplied by Rev. M. C. Horine, of the Zanesville mission. During that year quite an interesting class of catechumens was added to the church, through the labors of Mr. Horine. In 1873 the congregation, by vote, changed its former synodical relations by uniting with the English District synbd of Ohio, at the same time uniting with the Zanesville mission, the two congregations forming one charge, by advice of synod. Rev. Mr. Horine resigned his charge here, and the field was again vacant. Rev. William P. Ruthrauff was pastor, 1873-76, when he died. Late in 1876 a call was extended to Rev. F. Richards, of Philadelphia, and he entered upon his duties here in November, that year, and was duly installed pastor in the spring of 1877 and has served the charge continuously to the present time. As an evidence of the labors of the pastor and the flourishing condition of the two congregations, it is necessary only to refer to the new church built near Stovertown in 1878, at an estimated cost of $5,000. There is no indebtedness, and, taken all in all, the congregation is in a more flourishing condition than at any other time in its history. The first Presbyterian organization in Brush Creek HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 327 township was formed by Rev. James Culbertson in 1825. Services were held at the residence of Mrs. Turner, on the James Leasure place, for some years. In 1831 a church was erected, as has been stated, by the Presbyterians and the Lutherans. At that time Rev. Mr. Hunt was installed as pastor of the Presbyterian congregation. Following is a list of the members: Mrs. Turner, Lemuel Whitaker, Mr. and Mrs. David Woodruff, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas B. McConnell, Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Hankinson, Mr. and Mrs. William Thompson,.. Mr. and Mrs. John McCandless, Mr. and Mrs. James French, Daniel Spangler, Mary Stover, and Hiram Woodruff. Antioch United Brethren church grew out of meetings held at the house of the third George Swingle, about 1830, by Rev. Royal Hastings. A cabin church was erected in 1844, on the farm of Samuel Dozer, and occupied until 1869, when the congregation took possession of a neat and adequate frame church. The original members were Henry Dozer and wife, John Barringer and wife, Samuel Dozer and wife, George Dozer and wife, Peter Stainbrook, and Kate Davis. Zoar Baptist church, composed of Samuel Bagley, Joshua Breeze, William Foster, Henry Hamrick, William Marlow, and Sarah McCurdy, was organized in Schoolhouse No. 3, on Irish Ridge, June 4, 1831. Joshua Breeze was chosen pastor. In the spring of 1833 a hewed-log church-house was erected, which, in 1859, was superseded by a frame structure. Amity Sunday-school, which has exerted a salutary influence in the township, was organized in 1831, with Lemuel Whitaker as president; William Swingle, vice-president; Adam Baughman, treasurer; John Baughman, secretary. The only trade center in the township is Stovertown, a postoffice on the line of the Brush Creek branch of the Columbus, Shawnee & Hocking railroad, nine miles south of Zanesville; population about 100. This place was laid out in 1832, and named in honor of Samuel Stover, who was found murdered near the upper bridge in Zanesville. After his death a stock of goods came from New York addressed to him and were brought to this point, and the store thus established formed the nucleus of the present little village. CHAPTER XXX. HIGHLAND TOWNSHIP. THIS township is bounded north by Monroe township, east by Guernsey township, south by Union township and west by Salem township. Following is the record of its erection and original survey; it was reduced to its present area July 2, 1819: "A petition was presented by a number of the inhabitants of the northeastern division of Muskingum county, praying that the 5th and 6th ranges, thence east to the county line, thence north to the place of beginning, may be incorporated into a new township, by the name of Highland, and the election ordered to be held at the house of William Dennison. on the first Monday in April, 1814, to elect the necessary township officers. An idea of the original extent of the township may be gained from the fact that Mr. Dennison lived a mile and a half southwest of Adamsville, in what is now Salem township. Joseph K. McCune and Joseph Williamson are said to have been the first justices of the peace. The central and southern parts of this township are comparatively level and susceptible of easy cultivation. The northern area is elevated and broken. The settlement of Highland began in 1808, when Mathias Trace, from Washington county, Penn., located on the northeast one-fourth of section 11. The corresponding one-fourth of section 16 was entered by Lot Wortman; the northwest quarter of section 15 by James Honnold; from Virginia; the southwest one-fourth of section 13 (on the property since occupied by-P. P. Geyer) by Peter Bond, from Maryland, about 1811; the southwest quarter of section 19 (the George Fisher place) by Thomas Rambo, about two years later; section 22, or a part of it, by J. K. McCune and Alexander Mays, about 1813; the northwest one-fourth of section 19 by Edward Ostler, in 1814; the corresponding quarter of section 14 by Jacob Honnold in 1815 or 1816. In 1813 came William and John Davis, William, Peter, John and Casper Bradford; the Davises locating on section 7, the Bradfords on section 8. Among the early settlers 328 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. also were the families of Geyer, Fell, McMichael and Shroyer. The advancement was so rapid in ,this township that in 1835 John Bradford, James Honnold and Andrew Geyer and their families were living in frame houses. A more pretentious one was erected in 1845 by Samuel .Scott. Thomas Roberts built a brick house near the Bethel church in 1850. In 1815, Noah Decker built the first mill in Highland, on the northwest quarter of section 14, which was transformed from a sawmill to a distillery with a grinding attachment as a distillery auxiliary. On the northwest one-fourth of section 21, James McMichael put a gristmill in operation about 1830, which gave place to a carding machine about twelve years afterward. Another early gristmill was one built in the southern part of the township by John Geyer. William Reynolds put a sawmill in operation on White Eyes creek about 1832 or 1833. Andrew Henderson's "Parker wheel" mill on this stream and Hugh Simms' mill on one of its branches, are well remembered. Mills were put in operation by James MacDonald at the Bloomfield site (later owned by Martin McLane) in 1843, by John Buchanan and Samuel Moorehead, on the southwest quarter of section 10 in 1853; and by Theophilus Wark, in 1873—a combination grist, saw and planingmill, the most pretentious in the township. The Buchanan & Moorehead mill changed hands several times and was last operated, down to about twenty years .ago, by Joseph Selders. The first public road laid out in this township was that from Cambridge to Dresden, about 1806; the second was that from the Findley milldam, south of New Concord, to the mouth of Wills creek, about nine years later. In May, 1817, Joseph K. McCune surveyed a road "from James Sprague's, in Highland township, to John Reynold's store, on the Wheeling road." The pioneer blacksmiths were Robert Baxter and James Honnold, on the Adamsville road. The first wagon was brought into the township by Peter Bond, grandfather of Peter B. Geyer. John Bell introduced fine sheep here in 1857. About 1835-45 David T. Bigger operated a small tannery on the Bloomfield and New Concord road. Dr. E. S. Wortman is said to have been the pioneer physician, before 1840. Dr. A. B. McCandless practiced here about 1850-55; Dr. R. T. Wark about 1850– 70. Dr. J. Morris Lane came to Bloomfield about 1848. Dr. W. G. Lane is a more recent physician. Joseph Graham kept the first store, on the Samuel Moorehead place in 1833. Another early merchant was William Mason, east of Bloomfield, 1835-43. George Buchanan began merchandising in Bloomfield in 1848, and was succeeded by William Weylie, who built and did business in a new store, 1851-66. Thomas Forsyth began trading between the Concord and Dresden roads in 1852. In 1854 he built the William Mintier store: In 1857 he retired. After him came Atchison & Bell, Atchison & Bro., James Block, J. F. Warrick and Thomas McKay. The present merchants at Bloomfield are Marion F. Geyer and William B. Kelley. David Rankin was the original owner of the town site of Bloomfield, an inland postoffice, twenty miles northeast of Zanesville, and four miles north of New Concord, the nearest shipping point. It is situated in the northeastern part of Highland township, and has a daily hack line to and from New Concord, its nearest banking point. Population is about 100. Thomas Clegg, William Weylie and Daniel McLane bought a few acres each, and had them surveyed into lots in 1853, by Joseph Fisher. Additions were later platted by John D. Hogseed and J. P. Lytle. John Crooks, the first postmaster here, was appointed in 1857. This place is historical as the seat of M. C. Corkle college, an institution which, though of humble origin, came to be popular and prosperous. In 1862 Rev. William Ballantine, of the Associate Presbyterian Church, induced several young men to prepare for the ministry, and himself heard recitations in his study. Numbers increasing, the meeting-house was offered and used, and the name of Bloomfield High School bestowed. For years it continued an individual enterprise, until the first students were ready to enter the senior class. In 1868 the synod passed an act appointing Messrs. Robert Atcheson, John Bell, William Finney, Samuel McKee, Robert Hyslop, Robert Brown, A. McCreery, J. H. Johnson and John Baird a board of trustees. In 1869 the Bloomfield Academy was incorporated, and a house purchased. A college building became a necessity and J. Bell, president of the board, being appointed general financial agent, sufficient funds were raised; a foundation was laid in the fall of 1872, and the spring term of 1873 was held in the basement. A college charter was obtained on February 12,1873, and the school became clothed with full university powers. Rev. W. Ballantine, A. M., was elected president, James Hindman, A. B., vice-president, and R. C. Kerr, A. B., professor of languages. The college proper began existence April 3,1873. It had an endowment of $8,000, and, including values in building, a capital of $20,Q00. The post-office at this point is known as Sago. The primitive log schoolhouse of the township was standing in 1818, and doing double duty as temple of learning and house of worship, on the northwest one-fourth of section 11. Later it was moved to a site further down the Cambridge road, and finally gave place to one of the three hewed-log, hexagonal buildings used in this township for school pur- HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 329 poses, all of which have disappeared. Lorenzo Dow, the first teacher in this old school, was buried near by, in 1818, his having been the first interment in what is now Bloomfield cemetery. The site of this cemetery was devoted to the citizens by Walter Hogseed. A third of an acre was added in 1879, and a deed to the whole given by James Hogseed, the area then being three and one-third acres. In 1853 Peter Bond was buried near his grandson, Peter B. Geyers. In 1878, upon the removal of his body to Bethel cemetery, it was found to be completely petrified. The first Methodist class was organized by Rev. William Knox in 1816. A hewed-log meeting house was erected in 1828, which was two years later replaced by a brick edifice. The latter was burned. in 1854, and Bethel Methodist Episcopal church, a large frame building, was erected soon after. The Bloomfield Associated Presbyterian congregation was organized at the house of David Duff, by Rev. John Walker, March 20, 1818. Meetings were held in tents, one pitched near the site of the present house of worship, and a later one about a mile north of the Russell farm, till the first log church was built, in 1822, near the eastern side of the present graveyard. This was succeeded by another log structure, hewed, near the site of the present building. It was erected in 1831, and is remembered as having had two wings or additions. The third church was a frame building, erected on the present site in 1847. In 1858 the Associate Presbyterian and the Associate Reformed Presbyterian churches consolidated under the name of the United Presbyterian church. Twenty out of the 170 members of the Associate Presbyterian church declined to go into the union, and built a church for themselves in 1863, the old building having been taken by the majority. CHAPTER XXXI. HOPEWELL TOWNSHIP. A PETITION was presented to the county commissioners February 3, 1812, signed by a number of the inhabitants of Falls and Madison townships, asking to have a new township, to be called Hopewell, formed from their territory. Notwithstanding a remonstrance against the proposed measure was also presented, the commissioners decided to grant the petition, and ordered an election for the officers of the new township to be held at the house of John Colvin. It appears that the election was held at the house of James Rollins, instead, and without regard to this fact, the officers so elected were permitted to serve, and among them were Simon Simons and Thomas Higginbotham, justices of the peace. All that part of Falls township within the first township of the ninth range of Military lands was annexed to Hopewell September 1, 1817, and February 22, 1819, that portion of Hopewell east of Licking creek was annexed to Licking township. This township is bounded north by Licking, east by Falls, south by Springfield and Newton and west by the county line. The Central Ohio railroad crosses its northeast corner, and the National road traverses the lower central portion on its westward course. Along this road, at a mile's interval, is the village of Hopewell, laid out by John and James Rickey in 1829; and the town of Mount Starling, laid out during the same year by Nathan Wilson, who the following year laid out an addition. Farther on the road is the town of Gratiot, partly in the adjoining county of Licking. Kent's run heads near the middle of the township and flows southward into Perry county: Poverty run traverses the northern portion. The Indians had not deserted this territory when the white man , appeared. They finally disappeared about 1810 or earlier. A man named Hinton already lived on Poverty run when, January 1, 1806, Samuel Bonnifield located there. The latter stated that " John Carr and Joseph Jennings lived near; " his uncle, James Wilson, came soon after, and his father -died there about 1808. " On our way here," he wrote, " we stopped but a day or two in Zanesville, and also a couple of days at William's place, which is more on the National road. Four members of a family named. Faid, living up the run, died in 1806. My brother Arnold was born here in 1806. We came here in a four-horse wagon, and the trip occupied weeks, all of which 330 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. time, with the exception of two nights, we camped out. A man named Hensle and his family were in our party, as was also William Wilson, an uncle and a captain in the war of 1812, who went up to Mackinaw. Hensle settled on the Flint Ridge road." Rev. Cornelius Springer, speaking of William Hamilton. and his son-in-law, Rev. Robert Manley, who came from Maryland in 1806, 'says, "they were the two first families that settled here. They were both men of dignified and impressive characters, yet mild and conciliating. They were surrounded with such a religious atmosphere that you could not come in contact with it without feeling a desire to be better. The first thing these eminent men did in their new location was to erect the altars of religion and offer unto God in their cabins their daily and weekly sacrifices. The influence of their example was such that the early settlers around them, with scarcely an exception, embraced religion and formed the church. I think it doubtful if ever two men settled in the west have sent down upon posterity such an influence for good." In this year Major William Bonnifield, with his wife and five children, came from Shenandoah, Va., and stopped in Falls township, removing thence January 1, 1807, to the Samuel Bonnifield farm, on Poverty run. Among other families who located in this neighborhood was that of William Coffman, Curtis Willey Sr.; John Clabagh, E. B. Morgan, John Colvin and Charles Franklin came early, as did also the Richey Brothers, James Burley and James Boyle. Henry Winegardner, later the tavern-keeper at Mount Sterling, came in 1814 and built a cabin out of seventeen trees, and about that time came James Smith and Conrad Emeny. George Dent, who afterward gained prominence politically and otherwise, in Putnapa county, Ill., was a resident here with his parents as early as 1808. Frederick Beams, who came about 1812-14, owned considerable land round Mount Sterling,. and John Dillon entered large tracts of land in Hopewell, and cut much wood for the furnace at Dillon's Falls. Joseph Richey, who became sheriff of the county and held other offices, came in 1830. The first blacksmith in this township is said to have been Peter Crumrine, whose shop was near the Peter Starkey place. About 1828 Thomas Dean had -a shop in " Normantown." William Heath, who was a son-in-law of William Hamilton and who came in 1814, is said to have been the first carpenter. About 1827 Francis, Fresize opened the first store on the Thornsville road, just east of the Kent's run bridge. He was merchandising later near Asbury chapel and still later where Hopewell now is. The next storekeeper was Samuel Dolman, at Mount Sterling, who was in business there as early as 1832-34. In 1812 Skinn's distillery was in operation on Kent's run; in 1815, Nathaniel Richley's, on the Burley place; and about the same time, Samuel Richley's, on the Porter place. Dr. Duzenberry, who was a pedagogue as well as a medical practitioner, came about 1812 and dealt out physic and " taught the young idea how to shoot." Dr. E. D. Bain located north of Hopewell in 1828 and afterward removed successively to Gratiot and to Mount Sterling. Dr. Knight practiced in the township from about 1840 to 1855 or 1856. The first regular school was taught in 1814, in what is now District No. 1, by Abraham Frey. The township was divided into school districts in 1835 or earlier. The nearest gristmills were at Zanesville and Dillon's Falls, until 1814, when a small gristmill was erected on Kent's run, which was still in operation six years later. On Poverty run,' near Bonnifields, there was another early grinding mill. On the Licking county line, Adam Smith had a mill in operation at an early date and Jacob Martin had a combination grist and sawmill or Kent's run. A man named Reese built the first saw mill in the town, however, on Kent's run above Colvin's. John Colvin set out an orchard in 1814, and Henry Winegardner planted another in 1817. The next year he planted peach stones, procured in Perry county. The first pottery of which information can be gained was started by Mr. Burley in the neighborhood of Mount Sterling. One Casteel, so it is said, started another in 1822 and sold it to John Burley in 1825. It burned down in 1827 or later. and was rebuilt about 1830. It gave place to a more modern establishment in 1875. Allen & Son, of Mount Sterling invented and for a time manufactured earthenware coffins at Mount Sterling. In 1825 Daniel Drumm made millstones in this township, which gained popularity as the "Flint Ridge buhr stones." About fifty years ago tanneries were built at Mount Sterling and Gratiot, but never became established. The old Henderson tannery, started about 1835, was bought in 1854 by George Rutledge, who in 1866 sold it and it became the Van Allen pottery. Upon the completion of the national road through the township a postoffice was established at Hopewell, but without change of name, it was later moved to Mount Sterling. There has for about sixty-two years been a movable postoffice at Gratiot, which has been kept part of the time in Muskingum county, part of the time in Licking. There are postoffices also at Pleasant Valley and Cottage Hill. Henry Winegardner kept tavern on the national road at Mount Sterling about 1829. Soon afterward Henry Blair opened a public house on the opposite side of the street. The first road through the township was the Cooper mill road laid out in 1808. The National road was the next, HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 331 Cut in one of the stones forming the wall of the culvert over the run at Burley's is the following inscription : " Built A. D. 1830, by C. Niswanger ; James Hampson, superintendent ; D. Scott, assistant. The Policy of the Nation : Reciprocity at Home and Abroad.' " The first thresher owned in the township was made at West Zanesville by John Van Home and brought to Hopewell by Frederick Beams in 1837. It was a horse power affair of peculiar construction. In 1845 Louis Ijams brought in some merino sheep. Others to bring in and breed fine sheep were Le Roy Robinson, the Pryors, George Pollock, George Campbell and Samuel Campbell. The primitive graveyard was opened on the old Reamy place. The Bonnifield and the Beulah graveyards contain the remains of numerous pioneers, some of whom died at an advanced age. The Predestinarian Baptists built a church in 1832, on land belonging to Robert Bolin, which came to be known as the Timber Run Baptist church. Hericon Lodge No. 192, I. O. O. F., was organized February 23, 1852, at Brownsville and subsequently removed to Gratiot. A. R. Jordan was its first noble. grand, John G. Bain its first vice grand and Parson Gee its first secretary. CHAPTER XXXII. MEIGS TOWNSHIP. THIS township is bounded on the north by Rich Hill township, on the east by Noble county, on the south by Morgan county, and on the west by Blue Rock township, and consists of an entire congressional township of thirty-six sections. It was named from Meigs creek, and that in honor of Gov. Meigs, of Marietta. This stream drains the southwestern part. The southeastern part is drained by Dyes' fork, of the same creek. The northeastern part is drained by Collins' fork, of Wills' creek. The northwestern part is drained by Kent's creek. These streams have cut deep ravines through the lime and sandstones and lower coal measures, and divide the hilly and uneven surface into several noteworthy elevations. High Hill rears its summit 1,375 feet above sea-level, and is the source, within a space of 200 yards, of branches of Wills, Meigs, Kent's and Salt creeks. It is said that twelve counties are visible from its summit. Under date of July 13, 1819, the following enactment is recorded in the journal of the county commissioners: " A petition was presented to the commissioners praying for a division of Rich Hill township. The commissioners, therefore, enacted the twelfth original surveyed township, in the eleventh range, to be a separate township called Meigs township. The qualified electors to meet at the house of Zoath Hammond on the last Saturday of the present month to choose township officers." Zoath Hammond lived on the northeast quarter of section 9. Llewellyn Pierce and John Hammond were elected justices of the peace and Jacob Wortman town clerk. The nameless and roving Indian traversed the hills and valleys pursuing the game and camping upon the banks of the stream. His departure left the face of nature unchanged. The settler came, and the impress of his presence is known by growing orchards, cleared fields, and time-worn cabins. Who were the early settlers of Meigs? Yet a few years and none can answer. One of their venerable survivors answers for them as follows: Finley Collins was a pioneer inhabitant of the northeast corner of the township. Near what is known as High Hill dwelt Gillogly with a large family of sons, some of whom are known as Meigs' leading farmers. L. Pierce is claimed as an old settler and early justice. Charles Gilbaut settled near a high portion of land, to which his name is given. Gilbaut's Hill is in the north of the township. Gilbaut was a Frenchman, and interested himself in sinking a salt well near the hill some time in 1825. Joseph Johnson, from Pennsylvania, a former soldier, settled on section 7 as early as 1810. John McIntire, from the same state, was known as a worthy old settler of Rich Hill. The Staritts, James and Joseph, long known and highly respected, have passed away. The Dunlaps, .the Sevalls, and the Doans were early settlers in the southern part of .Meigs. Goods were first sold in 332 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. the township by Squire Gilbeaut, where is now the store of Chapman & Gillogly, kept by the latter since 1855. At Zeno postoffice is a store kept by William Ewing. A commendable liberality has been shown in educational and religious affairs. The construction of early churches, where the labor could be done by combined effort, was a speedy work. Most were the result of subscription, and the work went tardily forward. Each fine church is a standing monument to the enterprise of one or more of the township's liberal citizens. Times have changed and business has become settled. The days of speculation in the township are past. The trappers and hunters, the tavern-keepers and stage-drivers, the land speculators and town proprietors, have moved westward or settled quietly down to realities. The excitement of the " Silver Mine" is a legend hardly believed by those who hear the story; and the long, wearisome journeys for provisions, the shifts and the deprivations of the settlers are a constant surprise. On the northeast quarter of section 9 David Stevens, in 1808, built a cabin over a large chestnut stump, that served as a table, upon which, it is said, no less personages than Gen. Cass, Bishop Asbury and Gov. Meigs dined at one time and another. The Zanesville and Marietta road was the first road surveyed through this township. The " Old Federal Trail " was another early highway here. The first hewed-log house was erected' by Archibald Bowles. John P. Farrell built the first frame house; William Yanger the first frame barn. Casper Hallenbeck erected the first brick house, on the David De Long place, on the Zanesville and Marietta road, about 1832-33. About 1815 Thomas C. Gilkison built the first tannery, on Collins fork, and later sold it to Chauncey De Long. The first store was opened at Lytlesburg (now Meigsville) by John P. Farrell. Later more pretentious stores were opened, at Lytlesburg by George Lytle, at High Hill by William E. Walker. A Mrs. Harkness taught the first school in the northeastern part of the township about 1814. It is related, that Miss Hannah Bliss taught 'a school at 50 cents a week, and accepted feathers and maple sugar in payment. Benjamin B. Seamans began to make wagons in the township soon after 1815. The pioneer blacksmith was Levi Thomas. The first distiller was William Dye. Joseph Reasoner built a gristmill on Collins fork before 1825. John McGlashen started a fulling mill about 1830. This establishment was enlarged by the addition of a cardingmill, and for a time was operated by William Yanger. Jacob Onslatt built a sawmill on one of the branches of Meigs creek shortly subsequent to 1830. Before the war of the rebellion there was much difficulty in Meigs, both politically and in the schools, between the white and the black residents there. Eventually a separate school was provided for the colored children. Dr. Clark, of Morgan county, was the first physician who practiced his profession among the people of Meigs. Drs. Dalton and Wilson came, but did not remain long. Dr. Joseph Register came in 1842, Dr. Charles Hurd in 1846, Dr. James Gillogly in 1847, and others have followed or succeeded them, among the number Drs. Spring and Marshall. Meigsville is situated in the southwest quarter of section 27, and was laid out by. Gilbert Bishop in 1840, and William Betz platted an addition six years later. Zeno is an inland postoffice in the western part of Meigs township, twenty-one miles from Zanesville, and six and one-half miles from Gaysport; Merriam station is its nearest shipping point. It has a daily mail from Gaysport. Museville is a postoffice near the central part of Meigstownship, twenty-one miles southwest of Zanesville, and six miles from Cumberland, from which it has a daily mail. Coal is found in considerable quantities. Cumberland, six miles distant, on the B., Z & O. R. R., is the nearest shipping point. High Hill is a postoffice, so called from the name of a hill near by, that is supposed to be the second highest point in Ohio. It is situated in the northwestern part of Meigs township, seventeen miles southeast of Zanesville, and four miles from Spratt on the B., Z. & C. R. R., its nearest shipping station, and has a daily mail. Coal is found here in abundance. In 1845 a postoffice was established at Lytlesburg (Meigsville),' with William Betz as postmaster, and another at High Hill in charge of C. J. Gibeaut. The postoffice at Museville was established in 1853, with Henry Onslatt as postmaster; the one at Coal Hill in 1876, with Jesse Frazier in charge. In July, 1863, occurred Morgan's historic raid, if such it can be called, in which Meigs township was on the line of march. About sixty-two years ago the people in the southwest part of the township erected a " union" meetinghouse on the farm of Philip Yanger, which was used by all denominations until 1846, when Rev. John Arthur organized a Presbyterian society which acquired the building and the interest in it and its site of Mr. Yanger. At the establishment of the High Hill Presbyterian church, in 1878, the society transferred to the Methodists the right to occupy the old church house, still retaining its ownership. The Salem Methodist Episcopal church is the outgrowth of a class formed under the leadership of John Crawford, in 1820. The first house of worship was built in 1830, and gave place to the present one in 1853. This is the oldest religious organization in the township. A class was formed at Lytlesburg at a comparatively early date, which developed into HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 333 the Lytlesburg Methodist Episcopal church, whose house of worship was built in 1854. In 1852 meetings were held in Schoolhouse No. 5 by Rev. Thomas Shepherd (Baptist), and in Schoolhouse No. 6 by Revs. J. Winters and Benjamin Thomas of the same denomination, resulting in additions to the old Rich Hill and Brookfield churches, seven of whom were formed into a society called the western branch of the Brookfield church. A frame meetinghouse was built in 1853. Six years later a separate organization was effected under the name of the Ark Spring Baptist church, with Rev. Washington Glass as pastor. A class of white and colored Methodists was formed al Lazarus Marshall's, in the southeast corner of the township, in 1824, which met in private houses for twelve years, when a few log churches were built on section 24, which was called Wesley chapel. Race difficulties led to the withdrawal of the Africans, in 1843, who built a hewed-log church on section 23, which was burned in, 1854. In 1857 a frame church was built on the same site which came to be known as Pleasant Hill Methodist Episcopal church (colored). After the disruption the Wesley Chapel society declined. CHAPTER XXXIII. PERRY TOWNSHIP. THIS township, organized in 1812 from the " Military district " and named in honor of Commodore Perry, is bounded north by Salem, east by Union, south by Salt creek and Wayne, and west by Washington. The surface is undulating; the soil is limestone clay with sand and yields good crops. The township is drained by Salt creek and Little Salt creek, White Eyes run and numerous smaller streams. The National pike was completed through the township in 1829. The. Central Ohio division of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad crosses the township with a station at Sonora. James Brown Sr., sometimes called Luke Brown, is credited with having been the first settler within the borders of Perry township. He had come out from Massachusetts to Waterford, Washington county, but in 1801 built a cabin and opened a tavern on Salt creek at the crossing of the old Zane trace. He had some means and much intelligence and these gave him a prestige that made him a formidable competitor to Isaac Prior, who kept a public house farther west on the road. Just west of Mr. Brown, James Comstock settled in 1804. In 1807 came Abraham and Reuben Gabriel, father and son, from Franklin county, Penn. Buying 500 acres of land in the Johnson 4,000 acre purchase, they located where the R. H. Atkinson place was afterward known. The Samuel Bowers place was settled the same year by Amasa Davis. About this time John Echelberry, from Green county, Penn., entered the northeast quarter of section 6, but being unable to pay for it, he sold it, about four years later, to George Border, and made a new home for himself on the southwest quarter of the same section. In 1807 Jacob Livingood came to this township from Washington township, and located in section 12. It is believed that Joseph Dicker located on section 9 in 1808. John Wartenbee, from West Virginia, located on section 22 in 1810. Peter Livingood located on the Howard Dunn place, on the "trace" in 1810; Jacob Van Pelt on the George Little place; Simon Merwin on the Elijah Eaton place; Philip Baker on the Irvin Winn place; Christopher Schuck on the northwest quarter of section 9; James Brown Jr., on the northeast quarier of section 20; Alexander Armstrong, from Ireland, on the "trace. " About the same time came Samuel Connaway. In 1811 Aaron Vernon, from Washington township, located on the northeast quarter of section 5; one Harris, from Pennsylvania, on the northwest quarter of section 20; Mr. Engel on the northeast quarter of section 16, on the " trace. " The Zane trace, called also the " Old Wheeling road, " entered this township on section 20 and passed out near the southwest corner. As was natural, the pioneers located along this road. The first cabin was that of James Brown Sr., erected in 1802. Eli Walls built the first brick house in 1819. The next was Kaufman's, built in 1820 and afterward occupied by Michael Sauerbaugh. The first tavern of James Brown Sr., opened in 1802, 334 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. has been referred to. His son, Major James Brown, also kept tavern on the Wheeling road in 1810 and later. James Brown opened the first store on the Wheeling road in 1834; six years later, Philip Bastian; opened one on the National road, west of Bridgeville, which has had numerous proprietors down to the present time. Jacob Wisecarver, who lived on Peter Livingood's land, southwest of where Sonora now is, was the primitive blacksmith, about 1811. By some it is claimed that the operations of Amasa Davis, another disciple of Vulcan, antedated those of Wisecarver. The earth was first opened in the township to receive the remains of one of its pioneers in 1808, when Abraham Gabriel died and was buried on the George Orr place. The first marriage was that of Christopher Schuck and Mary Livingood. The ceremony was performed by Christian Spangler. The first log schoolhouse was erected on the Comstock place, and Simon Merwin, who was- the first teacher, taught in 1811. Soon after he came (1807) Jacob Livingood built a sawmill and gristmill on Salt creek on section 12. In 181.0 John Wartenbee built a small sawmill on Salt creek, in the southwest quarter of section 22. In 1812 he he built a small gristmill. The Livingoods later built several mills on Salt creek, but one after another they all fell into disuse and eventually disappeared. Dr. J. S. Halderman was the first resident physician in the township. The original proprietor of the town site of Sonora was John Brown. It was platted by Isaac Stiers in 1852. Evan Crane was the first postmaster. The office was established in 1855. Sonora has a population of about 200, and the usual variety of business places and small manufacturing interests,. with good 'telegraph, express and railway facilities. The postoffi'ce at Bridgeville was established twenty-two years earlier. Andrew Hughes was the primitive postmaster. The population of this hamlet is about seventy-five. The Wesley Methodist Episcopal church grew out of a class formed. in 1808, of which John W. Spry was class-leader. Until 1816 the meetings were held from house to house. Then they were held in a log schoolhouse until 1823, when a hewed-log meetinghouse was built on the Bowers place, for many years called the "Bowers Meetinghouse." A frame church was erected near Sonora in 1846. The Ebenezer Methodist Episcopal church was organized in 1827, by Rev. Joseph Carper. A hewed-log, plastered and weather-boarded church was built the following year. In this structure Rev. Gilbert Blue preached the first sermon. Rev. Samuel Kaemmerer formed a class at George Border's about 1830. George Border and Robert Dickinson deeded an acre of land to the organization for church uses, on which a log house of worship was erected. In 1856 another plat of ground just east of the old site was secured from John Culbertson, on which a frame church was built, which was dedicated by Rev. James Ryan and Rev. A. Bartholomew. CHAPTER XXXIV. SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP. FORMERLY a part of Newton township, the first election in Springfield as such was held at David Harvey's tavern, June 21, 1803, resulting in the election of the following officers: Dr. Increase Mathews, clerk; John Mathews, David Harvey and Isaac Zane, trustees; Robert McBride and David Beam, overseers of the poor; Seth Carhart and Thomas Cordry, fence-viewers; David Beam and William Bevunt, appraisers of houses; Thomas Dowden, lister of taxable property; Henry Northrup, Henry Crooks, John Chandler, George Beymer and Hans Morrison, supervisors of roads; Joseph Jennings, constable. The township was formally organized at this meeting. The next election was held April 1, 1805, at the house of Thomas Dowden. The original boundary of Springfield was thus recorded: " Beginning at the mouth of Licking river, on the south side; thence up said river to a point where it intersects the base or military line; thence west along said line six miles from the place of beginning (bounded on the north by Falls township and a small portion of Hopewell township); thence south three and three-quarter miles (bounded on the west by Hopewell and a HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 335 small portion of Newton township); thence east six miles, south one-half mile, and east one mile, to the Muskingum river (being bounded on the south by Newton and a small portion of Brush Creek township); thence up the Muskingum river to the place of beginning." At this time Springfield is bounded north by Hopewell and Falls, east by Zanesville, Wayne and the river, south by Newton and Brush Creek and west by Hopewell and a small portion of Newton. The surface of this township is generally rolling, the valleys being fertile to a degree. Thompson's run and its tributaries, Jonathan's creek, Chapman's run, Shawnee run and more insignificant streams supply adequate drainage. The Muskingum touches the eastern border. David Stokely built his cabin near the site of the Putnam foundry in the spring of 1799. July 3 he married Abigail Hurlbut and on the 6th brought her to his pioneer home. When the lands were sold he was unable to buy so large a tract, and they passed into the possession of Dr. Increase Mathews, who associated with him his cousin, as elsewhere stated. In 1805 Mr. Stokely moved south of Jonathan's creek, and there lived until his life closed, forty-odd years afterward. The following was written, some years since, of the pioneer period in this township: " We have in Springfield a record of early settlement and of the well-known founders of Putnam. In 1801 the land on which that beautiful suburb stands was purchased at Marietta. There were three men associated in the purchase—Increase Mathews, Rufus Putnam, and Levi Whipple. These laid out a town and named it Springfield, and in 1802 several houses were erected. Andrew Crooks lived from 1799 to 1804 on the land back of where South Zanesville or Natchez now is, that was later entered and occupied by Gen. Isaac Van Home. Adam Fronce was the first farmer resident upon the land known as Springfield township. He was succeeded by John Springer, who, in 1806, emigrated from Western Virginia and settled in the woods of Springfield, four miles west of Zanesville. He' bought of John McIntire a portion of the original section 16, in this township, at $4 an acre, before it was appropriated by congress to school purposes. His son, Jacob Springer, was married to Catharine Stover, December 12, 1812. Prior to this date Mr. Springer's three sons had cleared one hundred acres of land, excepting eleven acres. Jacob Springer, a well-known and prominent citizen, settled in the woods, on a quarter section adjoining the home tract.- Abner James cleared for himself and family a home in the woods in the southwest part of the township. Among other contemporary backwoodsmen, George M. Crooks recalls the names of Dr. Rodman, William Hibbs, John Fogles and Cornelius Kirk. Few now living can recall these names and link them with the busy, laborious scenes of frontier life. Among early justices in Springfield John Springer held a leading place. The first school was taught in a building on the hill near Natchez. Daniel Dimmick is remembered as the first instructor. Another of the pioneer schools was taught in Putnam by one who bore the name of Jennings. It,is said that many of the backwoods teachers were old countrymen, and very savage in their treatment of the wild, robust youth of that day. The first tavern was kept in Springfield by Crooks, one of Muskingum's first white occupants. Dr. Mathews was the first merchant and the first physician in Putnam, and Jacob Reagan was the first blacksmith. He moved from Newton, and found useful labor in making bells for cows and horses, which, running free in the woods, were recognized and found by their sound. The youth of to-day know little of the trials of the border settlements in hunting strayed stock, and more than once the boys met with bears and wolves, while on this duty." John and George Mathews put the first gristmill in operation here in 1799, which, as are some other matters here touched upon, is referred to elsewhere more in detail. Sawmills were built by John Sharp, for the Spring Hill company, in 1801-02; by Levi Whipple in 1802. In 1804 Whipple added a gristmill. The Levi Whipple flourmill in Putnam was built by the Spring Hill company in 1803. In, 1804 Mr. Crooks opened a wagon road along the Zane trace, from Zanesville, about nine miles to the crossing of Jonathan's creek in Newton township, and opened a tavern that was a well-known public house for many years. A line of stages was put on this road by William Beard in 1821, to connect with the Wheeling and Chillicothe stage line, which was established by John S. Dugan in 1817. John Mathews built a large flouringmill about half a mile above the mouth of Jonathan's creek, and about the same time a saw-mill near by. In 1810 he started a distillery. William Simmons is said to have put the first brick kiln in operation, near the fair ground site, in 1807. Jacob Reese built a distillery on his farm about 1820, and about the same time Dr. Mathews engaged in growing fine-wooled sheep. The National road was opened through this township in 1828; the Zanesville and Maysville pike about ten years later. The Pataskala mills, in the northeastern part of the township, date from 1830, and were put in operation by Isaac Dillon. The " Western," afterward the "Methodist Recorder," established July 18, 1833, by Rev. Cornelius Springer, was the only paper ever published in this township. Its history is interwoven with that of the literature of the church it represents. A postoffice was established in 1839 336 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. in the "Western Recorder" office, at " Meadow Farm," Mr. Springer's home, six miles west of Zanesville, and Mr. Springer was appointed postmaster. It was discontinued in 1845. The Cincinnati, Wilmington & Zanesville, afterward the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley railroad, was built across the east end of this township in 1854, and leading citizens of Putnam were prominent contributors toward the enterprise. Fire clay, coal, iron, blue limestone and sandstone are found in Springfield. A Methodist Protestant class was organized in Springfield in 1827, and meetings were held in a dwellinghouse vacated by Solomon Wylie. A frame church was built about 1835, largely through. the influence of Mr. Wylie,' in consequence of which Mr. Wylie's son, Abraham, facetiously called the building " Solomon's Temple," a name that clung to it long afterward. A Sunday-school was organized in 1838. The present house of worship was erected about 1855. Revs. William Ivans and Cornelius Springer were the early preachers here. The Springfield Association for the Recovery of Stolen Horses -was organized in 1833, with Jacob Reese as president, and Edward Rex as treasure Other members were Anthony Smith, John Fogle and Samuel Seamans. CHAPTER XXXV. JEFFERSON AND CASS TOWNSHIPS. THE area embracing Jefferson and Cass town-ships was undivided municipally until 1853, when Cass was formed from Jefferson, which had been organized for many years previously. The earliest record extant of the election of township officers in Jefferson reads as follows : " Agreeable to an election held at the house of Henry Northrup, on the first Monday in April, 1805, for the purpose of electing town officers for the township of Jefferson, there were elected the following persons: Trustees, Seth Carhart, Valentine Johnson and Isaac Cordray; overseers of the poor, John Walmsley, James Sprague; fence viewers, James Wilcox and William Elben; listers and appraisers, Peter Reasoner and Jacob Jackson; supervisors of highways, Henry Northrup and James Tanner. " John Cain was at that time town clerk. February 15, 1806, Isaac Cordray was elected a justice of the peace, to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Seth Carhart; and April 1, 1809, Joseph Scott was elected a justice of the peace without any opposition. April 1, 1852, at a special election held in and for Jefferson township, it was voted to issue to the Steubenville & Indiana Railway company township bonds aggregating $100,000 to aid in the construction of its road, now familiarly known as the Pan.Handle; to bear. 7 per cent interest payable semi-annually on the first days of January and July, and to mature January 1, 1862. This issue was soon taken up and burned .by the township trustees, because the county auditor refused to register and sign them officially. The trustees reissued these bonds July 22, 1852, asset forth in the extract from the official record given below: " After due consideration, the trustees took up and destroyed by fire the said $100,000 of bonds and executed and delivered to the said railroad company, in lieu thereof 100 bonds of $ 1,000 each, and numbered to 1,000 consecutively, and dated them the same as the former issue to wit: April 1, 1852." Out of the nine of these bonds grew the trouble which a little more than a year' later resulted in the division of the township. At the special election held to vote for and against the issue of these bonds, 340 votes were cast" for " and 144 "against:" The voters of Dresden were almost unanimously in favor of the nine. The farmers throughout the township opposed it, and they obtained an idea that by dividing the township and setting up an independent township, they could escape any liability on account of the bonds, leaving all responsibility upon those who should live in what would still be Jefferson township. But though the former party organized Cass, they did not throw off their liability, and that issue of bonds eventually cost the townships of Jefferson and Cass about $200,000. Following is a copy of the record of the division of the township, which appears under date Tuesday, September 6, 1853: " The commis- HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 337 sioners resumed the consideration of the matter relating to the erection of a new township out of the territory comprising Jefferson township, and order that a new township shall be erected out of said territory, to be known by the name of Cass township and to contain territory agreeably to the petition in relation to the same, which petition included the whole of Jefferson township, excepting the district included within the following boundaries, viz. : Commencing on the Muskingum river, below Dresden, at a point where the southeast corner of Charles Dickenson's land and the northeast corner of Thompson Ferrell's land unite, being on the east boundary of Jefferson township, running thence west on the line between said Dickenson and Ferrell's, land, to the southeast corner of George W. Lane's land, being lot number 17; thence north to the center of Wakatomaka creek; thence down said creek, in the center thereof, to the eastern boundary of Jefferson township; thence along said eastern boundary, down the Muskingum river to the place of beginning. The commissioners caused notices to be written and sent by James Morgan, with directions to put them up in three of the most public places within the new township of Cass; which notices appointed the 19th day of the present month for the electors to meet at the school house in subdistrict No. 5, in part of Jefferson township this day formed by the commissioners of Muskingum county in the aforesaid new township of Cass, for the purpose of electing persons having the qualifications of electors to fill the several- offices of said newly formed township." The officers of Cass township for 1854 were: Maxwell McCann and Alexander Struthers, trustees; D. D. McGinnis, clerk; Richard Morgan, treasurer; William K. Burch, constable; J. S. Tremley, justice of the peace; William Cass, Carter Garret, William Butler, Daniel Wolford, Thomas Morgan, D. Pence and John Holmes. Cass is bounded north by the county line, east by Madison and Jefferson, south by Muskingum and west by Jackson. Jefferson, the smallest township in the county, is bounded north by Dresden, east by Madison and south and west by Cass. Near Dresden was a large Shawanese town called Wakatomaka. The graveyard was extensive, and when white settlement began the remains of cabins were still visible. The following narrative of an expedition against Wakatomaka has been reserved to add interest to this portion of this work: " Under command of Col. Angus McDonald, 400 men were collected from the western part of Virginia, by the order of the Earl of Dunmore, the then governor of Virginia. The place of rendezvous was Wheeling, sometime in the month of June, 1774. They went down the river in boats and canoes to the mouth of the Captina, from thence by the shortest route to the Wakatomaka town, about sixteen miles below the present Coshocton. The pilots were Jonathan Zane, Thomas Nicholson and Tady Kelly. About six miles from the town the army were met by a party of Indians to the number of forty or fifty, who gave a skirmish by way of ambuscade, in which two of our men were killed and eight or nine wounded. One Indian was killed and several wounded. It was supposed that several more of them were killed, but they were carried off. When the army came to the town it was found evacuated, the Indians had retreated to the opposite shore of the river, where they had formed an ambuscade, supposing that the party would cross' the river from the town. This was immediately discovered. The commanding officer then sent sentinels up and down the river, to give notice in case the Indians should attempt to cross above or below the town. A private in the company of Capt. Cresap, of the name of John Hargus, one of the sentinels below the town, displayed the skill of a backwoods sharpshooter. Seeing an Indian behind a blind, across the river, raising up his head at times, to look across the river, Hargus charged his rifle with a second ball and taking deliberate aim passed both balls through the neck of the Indian. The Indians dragged off the body and buried it with the honors of war. It was found the next morning and scalped by Hargus. Soon after the town was taken, the Indians from the opposite shore sued for peace. The commander offered them peace on condition of their sending over their chiefs as hostages. Five of them came over the river and were put under guard as hostages. In the morning they were marched in front of the army over the river. When the party had reached the western bank of the Muskingum, the Indians represented that they could not make peace without the presence of the chiefs of the outer towns, on which one of the chiefs was released to bring in the others. He did not return in the appointed time. Another chief was permitted to go on the same errand, who in like manner did not return. The party then moved up the river to the next town, which was about a mile above the first and on the opposite shore. Here we had a slight skirmish with the Indians, in which one of them was killed and one of our men wounded. It was then discovered that during all the time spent in negotiation the Indians were employed in removing their women and children, old people and effects, from the upper towns. The towns were burned and the corn cut up. The party then returned to the place from which they set out, bringing with them the three remaining chiefs, who were sent to Williamsburg. They were released at the peace the succeeding fall. The army were out of provisions before they left the towns, and had to subsist 338 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. on weeds, one ear of corn each day, with a very scanty supply of game. The corn was obtained at ore of the Indian towns.* " Seth Adams and Maj. Jonathan Cass came to this territory in 1799. Maj. Cass located 4,000 acres of land, consisting of forty warrants of 100 acres each. He brought his family in 1801 and lived here until his death in 1830, aged seventy-seven. Of his three sons, Lewis, George W. and Charles L..Cass, the first became one of the eminent men of his time. George lived quietly on the original Cass farm and died there in 1873, aged eighty-eight. He was often urged to accept important trusts and public offices, but persistently declined. His son, Dr. Edward Cass, of Dresden, is well known in the county and beyond its limits. The third served his country in the War of 1812, and in recognition of his gallantry at the battle of Fort Erie the citizens of Zanesville presented him with a sword. He died in 1842. His daughter, Mary E. Cass, became Mrs. Adams, of Dresden. The remains of Maj. Jonathan Cass, the pioneer, were, in 1875, removed by Dr. Edward Cass to the Dresden cemetery and buried at the spot marked by the Cass family monument. Beneath his name is this inscription : " He was a soldier at the battle of Bunker Hill ; an officer of the Revolution, and of the army which, under Gen. Wayne, gave peace to the frontier. From New England he emigrated to this part of the wilds of the Northwest territory. On the military land he purchased he lived a peaceful and quiet life thirty years, until death claimed him for a victim." Isaac Cordray and his son George came soon after. In 1812, Mordecai Ogle located half a mile northeast of Dresden. In 1804 George Dowell came. Joseph Bryant and Daniel Stillwell came in 1818. About two years later came the Wilsons—Simeon and Leonard. Among other early settlers were Peter D. Reasoner and Daniel, Joseph and James Norris. William Birch settled on Tomaka creek in 1808. The land being in large tracts and means limited, people settled in choice spots and some of 'them were known as squatters ; among these were James Slaughter, Frank Stafford, Richard Tilton and others, These people built a row of log cabins at the present site of Preston and had quite a pioneer village. As early as 1812 a ferry was established across the Muskingum by Daniel Stillwell. It has been stated by Enos Devore that a mill stood on the site of the salt well at Dresden as early as 1802. George Wilson ran a sawmill at an early day, and in 1801 a large flourmill was erected at Dresden by E. and G. W. Adams. The first road was laid out in 1803 from Zanesville to Coshocton through Dresden. Peter D. Reasoner was the primitive tanner in 1818. Joseph F. Munroe is cred- *Doddridge's Notes. ited with having opened the first store and established the first distillery. John Parker kept the first public house. It stood below Preston on the river and was maintained for years. Meetings for worship were held first by Presbyterians at Stillwell. Churches were not known till the erection of one at Preston in 1836. School interests were indicated in 1820 by the use of a discarded cabin, in which the daughter of Reasoner, Miss Catharine, was the introductory school mistress. While she formed the infant mind by patient repetitions, her father held the reins of office, having been chosen the first justice of the peace, and holding the office for life. Among the first births in Cass township, occurring in 1805, were those of Harmon Reasoner and John Stillwell. Peter Bainter was a resident of Jefferson township in 1800 ; he was employed by Cass, and brought the first wheat from below at Waterford. The crop grew finely and the family anticipated a treat of bread from wheat flour, but the wheat proved diseased or " sick" and was of no use. Laban Lemert started a distillery in 1822 and a store in 1826. Otho Miller and Jacob Houser were of the pioneer knights of the forge. Before 1820 a mill was built for grinding grists on Wakatomaka creek by George Gerty. The millwright was Stiles Silliman. The next mill was by Henry Roop; its destiny fulfilled, it long ago passed away. Later mills were built and run by Adams Brothers. Wyllis Silliman built at Dresden a carding machine; Henry Roop started a distillery in 1832, and other necessities of this character followed after and ran their course. The first salt well was at Silliman's, bored in 1817. The primal schoolhouse at Dresden — natural, round logs —was occupied first by John Ingham. Wyllis man, son-in-law of Maj. Jonathan Cass had a saw and gristmill in operation on Wakatomaka creek. near the present railroad bridge, some time before 1806. John Cordray opened a tavern in a log house on the site of the Akeroyd house before 1818. It was later kept by Abraham Smith, who also taught school. Munroe's distillery was in operation before 1819. Peter D. Green was another early tavern keeper. About three years later Laban Lemert had a distillery. Henry and Benjamin Roop, of Buffalo, N. Y., were extensive distillers here in 1833. Dr. Benjamin Webb was practicing medicine here before 1819 and was succeeded by his son, Dr. Nathan Webb. Dr. Francis Fowler, the second pioneer physician, came before 1825. Dr. Brown practiced about that time at Dresden. About 1816 to 1818 Seth Adams built a log house in Dresden, on the G. Reasoner lot, a portion of which stood to connect the present with the past. About the same time Laban Lemert also erected a log house there. He opened a store HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 339 at the same time. Other early merchants were John Jacobson and David Wilson, the last mentioned of whom began business in 1827. Joseph F. Munroe and Maj. Jonathan Cass were the first to plant fruit orchards prior to 1815. Maj. Cass built the first brick house. Another early brick house was built by Mr. Munroe on the river road. Seth Adams had a "corn cracker" mill on Wakatomaka creek about 1804. In 1832 Hugh F. Hogan built a saw and gristmill on the Frazeysburg road, about four miles west of Dresden. Later it was the property of John and David Lovett and was known as Lovett's mill. They sold it to James Pryor and it was known as Pryor's mill until its demolition in 1875. Another early, miller was A. M. Eisenhouse. 'Morgan Morgan, from Maryland, was an early weaver. Among the most skillful and influential physicians and surgeons of the county is Dr. Edward Cass, a native of this township, born in 1830. After completing his academic education he devoted his attention, to his chosen profession, and studied medicine under his brother, Dr. A. L. Cass, of this place. He subsequently took a regular course in the Jefferson Medical college, Philadelphia' from which institution he graduated in, 1854. Chiefly, since that time, he has been in the enjoyment of a successful practice in this place and has taken an active interest in progressive science and public affairs. Dr. D. A. Austin is a native of Clinton county, his state, where he was born in 1823. After completing his education he studied medicine under Dr. John W. Scroggs, of Harveysburg, Warren county, and graduated from the Eclectic Medical college, of Cincinnati, in 1849. He first commenced practice in Iowa, in May, 1850, but in 1854 me to this place, where he has secured liberal public consideration and practice. In the early days of canal and steamboat supremacy in shipping facilities Dresden sprung into existence, and for many years was one of the leading trade centers of this section of the state. Upon the opening of railroads, and for some years afterward, its prestige was to a large degree interfered with and its trade became considerably restricted. The building of the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley railway through this place shad a reviving tendency, and for the past few years especially have the advantages of this beautiful location and picturesque surroundings attracted renewed attention. To day it holds a leading place as the most flourishing town in the county outside the county seat, and is attracting citizens to it from the metropolis of the county. Dresden is situated at the head of navigation on the Muskingum river, and, with the contemplated improvements in that beautiful stream for securing navigation during all seasons of the year, and the fact that this is the most feasible route for ship canal from the lakes to the Ohio river, indicates a most promising future for this place as a residence, business and manufacturing city. In addition to its location on the banks of the Muskingum river and the C. & M. V. R. R., the Cleveland, Canton & Southern railroad has recently been completed through this place, giving two competing lines to Zanesville, fifteen miles distant. A branch canal about one mile in length connects this place with the Ohio canal, while it is but one mile from the junction of the Pan Handle system with the two other railroads mentioned. As a place of residence Dresden offers beautiful building sites, healthful surroundings and a cultivated, intelligent and progressive class of citizens. Its business interests are largely represented in special articles, while its advantages for manufacturing enterprises are possibly unsurpassed in the state. The fine shipping facilities it now enjoys, and proximity to cheap fuel, and the fact that it has water power, with coal, limestone, sandstone, iron ore and every variety of potter's clay and molding sand within easy access, commends this place for the profitable manufacture of glassware, tile, fire brick, etc. Dresden was incorporated March 8, 1839, and its corporate limits now embrace the whole of Jefferson township. The first mayor was W. W. Brice. This organization of the Dresden Board of Trade was effected on June 22, 1888, for the purpose of securing the growth of manufacturing and business interests of this place, in which it has been largely successful. Its meetings are held in the council chamber on the first and third Thursday evenings of each month, and all communications relating to business enterprises addressed to the secretary will receive prompt attention. The Dresden Building and Loan association is one of the most important and promising organizations of this place, and is intended to provide means of saving for all, while it contributes to securing homes to the industrious and laboring classes. It was organized April 9, 1890, and has been duly chartered, with an approved capital stock of $100,000. The officers are F. Tingler, president; John Hornung, vice-president, and the following board of directors: Frank Tingler, John. Hornung, John A. Bell, J. S. Prettyman, H. J. Shore. C. E., Cross and A. E.Rambo. The public school building was erected a few years ago and is one of the most perfectly constructed edifices of its class in the county. It is a fine two-story brick structure, with all modern conveniences situated in the center of large grounds, while the building contains eight rooms, with broad and well-lighted corridors, while the enrollment is nearly 400 pupils. The ability with which the 340 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. schools have been and are still conducted has been noted by educators of renown. Dresden also has a good steam fire engine with James Anderson as engineer, and a well organized volunteer fire department; also two new first-class hose reels. This corporation is about to erect a new town hall at a cost of not less than $16,000, while other important improvements are in contemplation. Dresden Lodge No. 103, F. & A. M., meets each Monday evening on or before full moon. J. C. Dorsey, W. M. ; L. F. Estenhausen, S. W. ; Charles M. Smith, J. W.; J. W. Lanning, secretary; Frank Tingler, treasurer. Muskingum Chapter No. 145, R. A. M.—L. F. Estenhausen, M. E. H. P. ; J. W. Lanning, secretary; meets on Monday evenings after full moon. Wakatomaka Lodge No. 186, I. O. O. F.—Officers: James P. Bryant, N. G. ; J., S. Austin, V. G.; W. M. Miller, R. S. ; W. G. Smith, secretary; Jacob Walters, treasurer. S. O. K. H. This organization consists chiefly of young men, and was organized in February, 1889. Eugene Welsh, president; John Egbert, vice president; John Alloway, secretary; Howard Lemert, treasurer. The Dresden postoffice was established prior to 1800, and Laban Lemert was, if not the first postmaster, the earliest one of whom any one has any knowledge. For several years mails were received on horseback once each week. Next, a semi-weekly mail line was established, and in 1832 a tri-weekly line of fine Concord coaches was put upon the route. Since about 1843, mail has been received and dispatched daily, and since the acquisition of railroads several daily mails are the rule. The present postmaster is G. W. Lemert. A private telegraph line was constructed from Zanesville to Wooster, through Dresden, in 1848, and was discontinued some years before the Western Union office was established here, which was in 1868. Among the most important industrial enterprises of this county is the Caldwell Woolen mills, which takes its name from the town of Caldwell, where the mills were originally established in 1884. January 12, 1888, the mills at Caldwell were destroyed by fire, and in about ninety days the proprietors had secured, the present plant, introduced entirely new machinery, and the concern was in active operation, with capacity and facilities for meeting the demand for their products. The company selected this place for the base of their more extensive operations. Suitable buildings were secured and additional ones erected to meet the demands of their increased force and mechanical appliances. Newest improved machinery was introduced, propelled by a fifty-horse-power engine and boiler. The Caldwell Woolen mills make a Specialty of the manufacture of no woolen skirts and skirtings, the beauty and excellence of which are unsurpassed by those of any establishment in the Union. They give employment to a force of forty operatives and assistants in the different departments of the business, and their products are handled by leading jobbing houses of eastern and western trade centers. The individual members of the firm are J. S. Prettyman and W. H. Bush, gentlemen who bring into requisition the fullest financial and executive ability, and who, in establishment of the mills at this place, have given an impetus to its industrial interests and a broader fame to this promising trade center. The Dresden Woolen mills have, for a period of a quarter of a century, held a prominent place in the productive enterprises of this section of the county. The mills are situated about a half mile east of the town, on the banks of the Muskingum river, and are fitted up with the best mechanical appliances,propel led by an overshot water wheel giving over fifty-horse power. The mills are devoted to the manufacture of cassimeres, satinet, flannels, skirts, blankets, yarns, etc., which bear a standard and uniform excellence unsurpassed by any contemporaneous establishment in the state. The highest price is paid for wool, in cash or exchange. The individual members of the firm are L. Rambo, William Senior and J. Shore, and the many years they have been associated with the business interests of this place justifies the continued consideration this company enjoys and the popular favor in which its products are held at home and in distant markets. Up to a comparatively recent date no important change had been made in milling machinery, invented and brought into use about the time of the adoption of the Federal constitution, by Oliver Evans, of Pennsylvania. But in this, as in other departments of industry, American inventive genius saw opportunities for improvement, and as a result the roller system, or, as it is known, the gradual reduction process, was introduced. This has produced so great a change that at the present day this system is adopted by all leading and influential mills in the country. Among those milling companies which have secured a popularity on account of the uniform excellence of their products is the Dresden Milling company, which dates its organization to December 27, 1887. The building was originally erected in 1884, and equipped With newest improved machinery, operated by one seventy-eight-horse-power turbine wheel. Business was commenced November 1, 1884, under a slightly different organization, and continued until the present company assumed control at the date before given. The building is four stories and basement in bight, and 48x60 feet in dimensions, exclusive of office, and has a capacity of 125 bar- HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 341 rels of choicest bakers' and family flour per day. The special brands for which this mill is known, are the " White Mountain" and " Silver Cloud," which hold the highest standard of value in all markets in which they have been introduced; and enjoy a marked popularity with the trade and with consumers. The members of the present company are J. C. Dorsey, J. Walters and F. H. F. Egbert, gentlemen who combine the fullest financial, practical and business ability. Merchant grinding, custom work and exchange are engaged in, and as manufacturers of flour, meal and feed, and dealers in grain, they contribute in a marked degree to the importance of this place and to its business interests. Among the industrial institutions of this township which give conspicuity to this place as a manufacturing and business center is the Dresden Hosiery company, which dates its establishment here to February, 1890. The .members of this firm have heretofore been associated with the business interests of Zanesville, and bring into requisition the amplest financial and executive ability for the most advantageous prosecution of this important industry. They secured an excellent plant with ample buildings, and introduced the newest improved machinery, propelled by one fifteen horse-power engine and boiler, and furnish employment to an average force of forty to fifty hands in the various departments of the business. These works are devoted to the manufacture of the best grades of men's woolen half hose, and women's, misses' and children's hose made from the best of yarns, and which, in reliability of construction and stability of colors, will bear favorable comparison with those of any contemporaneous establishment in the Union. L. J. Lemert engaged in banking in Dresden in 1852 and he and his sons have been identified closely with the general financial interests ever since. The banking house of G. Eaton was established in 1866. The Dresden Banking company is an organization that began business here about three, years since, conducting a general banking business in loans, deposits and exchange. and is entitled to the fullest public confidence. Its office is in the opera block, thoroughly furnished for the transaction of business, including a fine burglarproof, time-lock safe for the safety of deposits. The firm is composed of F. W. Gasche, Esq., formerly of Millersburg, Ohio, as cashier, a practical banker and book-keeper of many years experience under State Bank Examiner J. J. Sullivan. Other members are Messrs. John. A. Bell and John Hornung, gentlemen of well known honesty and integrity, whose many years' association with the business interests of this place contribute to its stability and success. The officers of the company are: John Hornung, president; John A. Bell vice-president, and F. W. Gasche, cashier. The Dresden "Transcript," W. M. Miller, editor and proprietor, is the legitimate successor to the " Doings," and for half a century has been instrumental in promoting the enlightenment and best interests of this section of the county. Especially since coming into the control of its present able editor and proprietor, in 1884, the paper has grown in popular favor and influence. The " Transcript" is an eight-column folio, and enjoys a liberal advertising patronage and circulation. In the quarters now occupied, the editorial and mechanical departments are on the ground floor, conveniently arranged, and the latter supplied with power presses and newest styles of type for the prompt and efficient execution of every description of commercial and general job printing. The only postoffice in Cass township is at Preston, on the P. C. & St. L. R. R., and is known as Adams' Mills. Most of the people .of Cass get their mail either at Dresden or Frazeysburg. The line mentioned, generally known as the " Panhandle," was completed through this township about forty years ago. The branch from Dresden to Zanesville was completed about 1870. The railway stations of Cass are Dresden junction and Preston. The main line of the " Panhandle " enters the township near its. northeast corner and runs in nearly a straight line southeast, through Preston and Dresden junction, and passes the western border of the township about the center. The Zanesville branch intersects the main line at Dresden junction, also called Trinway. Dresden junction was surveyed by. Joseph Fisher in 1873- 74, on land owned by George W. Adams. Following is the brief historical mention of the churches of Dresden: The Presbyterian church, located on Chestnut street, was built in 1880, at a cost of $5,500, and a remarkable fact in this connection is that it was dedicated on the fifth Sunday. in February. The first house of worship was erected in 1836-38. The organization of this society was effected in 1819 in a log schoolhouse about a mile south of Adams' Mills, by Revs. Culbertson, Root and Smith. Methodist Episcopal church, located on Main street, was built in 1835 and rebuilt in 1852. It is a substantial brick structure, and has a seating capacity of 500. The Dresden Baptist church was organized in 1840. Rev. Mr. Eldridge was the first pastor. The church, built in 1845-46, has a seating capacity of 350. German Lutheran church of Dresden was organized in 1848. Its brick structure, located on High street, was erected in 1853. The Disciple church is a brick structure on High street, built in 1862-63. The society was formed in 1861. Elder William Taylor was the first pastor. Zion 342 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Episcopal church was organized in 1839. The first rector was Rev. Mr. Cushman. The church was built in 1848. St. Ann Catholic church has a good congregation. Rev. Father A. A. Cush officiates. Cathechetical services Sunday P. M. Seating capacity about 150. The German Methodist Episcopal church was organized in 1852. Its house of worship was erected about 1858. The first pastors were Revs. William Florika and R. M. Brownmiller. Hopper's Grove Methodist Episcopal church has left no records. The church was so called because Benjamin Hopper gave the society an acre of ground for a church site and graveyard. A house of worship Was built more than fifty years ago. The land around the church lot was sold to Peter Marshall, who, discovering a flaw in the title to the church property, sold the building to Michael Schuman and it later did duty as a stable upon other ground to which it was removed. Liberty Bell Christian church was also erected about 1840, and about 1863 it was sold to Thomas Fisher and by him removed and converted into a stable. The site of the building was donated by James Ogle. The church was undenominational, and its first pastor was Rev. William Bagley. CHAPTER XXXVI. MADISON TOWNSHIP. Thins township was taken from Jefferson township by an order of the county commissioners dated July 2, 1819. It was originally bounded on the north by the county line, on the east by Monroe and Salem townships, on the south by Washington township and on the west by the Muskingum river. The boundaries are thus described in the commissioners' journal under the above date : "Beginning on the county line, on the line dividing the sixth range, then west with the county line to the northeast corner of Jefferson township, then down the Muskingum river and with meanders thereof to the line dividing the southwest and northwest quarter of the second township in the seventh range, thence east to the line dividing the sixth and seventh ranges, thence north with the said line to the southwest corner of the third township in the sixth range, thence east to the line dividing the sixth range, thence northwest with the said line to the place of beginning." Adams township was created in December, 1826, and Madison township was thus reduced to its present limits. The township was named in honor of President James Madison. Its' first election was held at the house of Martin Wheelen July 31, 1819. Elections were held at the schoolhouse on the land of William Minner, mostly, until 1848, when the townhouse was built. The first road in the township crossed the Muskingum at Bainter's ford, and ran along Symmes creek toward Adams township. George Stoner and Elizabeth Shirer were the first couple married in the township, in 1810. The first births were in the Bainter, Stoner and Shirer families. The first death was that of Godfrey Bainter in 1805, aged sixty years. He was buried there in the woods on the farm of his son, John Bainter, afterward known as the W. B. Carter place. The first schoolhouse is thought to have been that built on the land of Alexander Struthers, near the forks of Symmes creek. The primitive school was taught in the German language. A Mr. Decker, in 1811, was the first to teach in English. About 1813 Alexander Struthers built a gristmill on the south branch and near the forks of Symmes creek. About five years later he added a sawmill. His successors were J. N. Ingalls, William Mapes, Frederick Minner and Peter Varner. The latter was operating the gristmill, which bad been enlarged and improved, as late as 1866. Valentine and David Shirer built a sawmill near the center of section 20 on the north fork of the stream about 1832 or 1833. A pair of buhrs was later put, in by John Bench, thus adding a gristmill. Subsequent managers were William Gaumer and Thomas Pharis. At the state dam, in 1837, Thomas Pierce built a gristmill, the first on the Muskingum thereabouts. Later owners were Jared Cone, Charles Love, Elias Ellis and Napoleon Reinaman. Under Reinaman's proprietorship it was burned and rebuilt, and later was owned successively by. George Adams and William Bice. From. Bice it passed to A. G. Plummer, and HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 343 then took the name of the Plummer mill. The D. F. McKinney mill, just above the mouth of Symmes creek, was built by James John and James Gibbons as a sawmill. They added a gristmill and sold the property to Lloyd Dillon. A distillery was started below the mouth of the Wakatomaka, on the river, before 1812, and a " tramp mill " for crushing grain is said to have been attached. Wood & Eberts had a furnace in operation on Symmes creek, half a mile above its mouth, about 1814-16. It was soon abandoned, however. In 1816 Daniel Milton had a blacksmith shop near the furnace. Copeland & Parmalee kept the first regular store about 1840, as is claimed by some; others say the store of Thomas Pierce, at his was the first. The William Minner pottery was established at the forks of Symmes creek in 1869. Ten years later the King & Swoope pottery was put in operation a mile above the mouth of that stream. Postoffices were established at the mouth of Symmes creek and at the residence of Thomas Armstrong in 1850, with Charles Love in charge of the first; Mr. Armstrong in charge of the last mentioned. Mr. Mapes began to make salt just below the mouth of Wills creek in 1810. James Tingle came into possession of the springs and works in 1852, and operated them until about the close of the war. Jacob Swigert settled on the river in this township in 1800 and sold his claim to J. S. Copeland, who transferred it to John Bainter early enough so that the latter may be called one of the pioneers. In 1801 Bainter moved to the higher land on the J. G. Stump place. The southwest quarter of section 19 on Symmes creek was entered by Wyllis Silliman, who sold it to James Sprague, a Nova Scotian, who settled on it in 1802. Valentine Shriver, a Swiss, located two years later on the northeast quarter of section 23. In 1808 George Adams, from Fauquier county, Va., settled on the southeast quarter of section 18. About this time Charles Copeland located near the mouth of Symmes creek. Adams built the first hewed-log house in the town. Some years later he added a frame building to it, which was the first frame construction. In 1817 Charles Copeland built the first brick house here. The first church erected in the township was the Wheelen Methodist Episcopal church in 1823. It was a hewed-log structure 24x36 feet. There is a statement in print that the Methodists had a house of this description two or three years earlier. This church organization, which was composed of many of the pioneers and their families, ceased to exist at least half a century ago. Prospect Methodist Protestant church was organized from the membership of this old church in1831 by Rev. Mr. Gilbreath. Leonard Hurdle was class leader, and meetings were held at John Walkers, until 1838, when a log church was built on land given by Mr. Hurdle. On an adjoining lot, donated in 1861 by John Stoner, a frame building was erected which was dedicated by Rev. J. C. Hazlett. Salem Methodist Protestant church was organized in 1834 by Rev. William Marshall. The class leader was John Mahan. A hewed-log church was built in 1838 a mile southeast of the mouth of Symmes creek. In 1868 a frame structure was built on the same site. As early as 1835-36 Judge Daniel Stillwell, a Presbyterian, built a church on his land in Madison township, first for the use of Christians of his own denomination, but open to any other when not so occupied. Rev. William Baldwin organized a Methodist Protestant class in 1868, which has worshiped here since. The first class leader was Samuel Hammond. St. Matthew's Protestant Episcopal church had its inception in meetings held in 1837 by Rev. William A. Smallwood, of Zanesville, in the church building first referred to. St. Matthew's parish was organized October 22,1838. at the house of John C. Stockton. A house of worship was erected on land given by Evan James. The corner stone was laid August 4, 1839. The cost of this building was $900. It was not completed until May, 1846, the congregation worshiping meanwhile in the old church. The Symmes Creek class of United Brethren was formed in 1846. Zachariah Adams deeded an acre of land to this organization for church purposes in 1861. A frame church was built in 1864. 344 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. CHAPTER XXXVII LICKING TOWNSHIP. LICKING township is full of interest to the resident; he feels that it is of his father, his farm and his village that these lines are descriptive, and statements are made of which his own experience has knowledge. Long before the actual settlement of the township a hardy race of hunters and squatters had built their cabins and made improvements about the site of the present villages of Irville and Nashport. Among these men were David Devore, John Thrapp, Henry Barrickman, Aaron Claypool, and Joseph and Ephraim Baker. Among the first to enter lands as actual settlers were Jonathan and Solomon Wood and families, from Virginia, Leonard Stump, Jacob Victor, David Vandenbark and Nathan Fleming. These settlers, prior to 1808, are of the dead, and their children have grown aged upon the old lands. Of those who moved into the township before 1812 who were permanent inhabitants, we give the names of John Irvine, John Van Voorhis, Richard Ayers, and John R. Roger, son-in-law of Stump. It is related of Enos Devore that he came west with his father, John Devore, in 1801, bringing with them two cows and an ox, on which they packed all their goods. John Devore soon returned to Virginia, where he is thought to have died. Enos Devore settled at what is now called Nashport. At this time there were two habitations in the place—one owned by David Devore, the other by Samuel Jones. Probably the first tavern-keeper in Licking was Jonathan Wood, whose house at Nashport, a hewed-log building, was the favorite resort of the settlers to hold elections, make up horse races, and attend to business matters. Jacob Victor was a hammerman at the forge at Dillon's Iron works, and later was a settler upon a farm which he had previously bought and let to a tenant to clear up. John Irvine employed part of his time at carpenter work, and the remainder at farming, as was usual with tradesmen of the day. John Sidle was the owner of the pioneer corn-cracker mill, and in time gave it in charge to his boys to hoist the gates and draw the toll. John Fleming and David Vandenbark are reputed to have planted the earliest orchards of the apple and the peach some time prior to 1812. Game at that time was numerous, as regards deer and turkeys, but bears and wolves were becoming rare. Bounties paid for wolf scalps made their pursuit an object, and bear's meat for food, and the skins for use, besides the excitement of the chase, led bruin a hard run for life. Deer were killed in Licking township as late as the fall of 1835, and turkeys until recently. The honeybee preceded the settler, and the old pioneers would line a bee to the tree and glean the long-stored sweets, and sometimes takes home the swarm to the cabins. Round-log houses were succeeded by the hewed, and, in time, the first frame building in the township was erected at Irville, and dedicated as a house of worship by the Presbyterians, under charge of resident pastor, Rev. Smith. The first road running east and west through the township was the old stage route between Columbus and Zanesville; along this highway the four-horse coaches ran daily prior to the construction of the. National road. The old stage-drivers are of past times, and even their names are lost, save that of John Wilson, who married Polly Sheppard, of Irville. The only gristmill in, the township was built in 1832, and is known as Claypool's mills. The township has two villages: Irville, laid out in 1814 by Richard Ayers and John Irvine, and Nash-port, by Capt. Thomas Nash, in 1827. Possibly the first attempt at merchandising in the township was made at the former place by Francis Cassady, in a two-story frame,.part of which was used as a dwelling. The first postmaster was Jared Brush, of Irville. The medical services of Elmus Wheaton, this village, were long required over a field on which there was no rival to dispute his rights. Near Nashport of the present was erected the old log schoolhouse of the period; on its puncheoned floor the boys and girls of 1815 formed in line, and here instruction and discipline were given by Dougherty and his successor, Edward Rogers., One Dickinson was the first white man buried in the old Indian burying ground, on land now owned by Levi Claypool. Early settlers were Virginians. The present population are to the manner born. This township was organized before 1806 from HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 141 the Virginia military land. The earliest local record in existence is a portion of a treasurer's book bearing date June 3, 1813. That year the total tax levy was $40. John Spencer, who collected it, was paid $2.40 for his services. The township supervisors for 1814 were Solomon Wood, Samuel Guest, William Thrapp and Nathan Fleming. In 1815 Leonard Stump was overseer of the poor; William Thrapp, Nathan Fleming, Daniel Lovitt, Aaron Claypool and Samuel Guest, supervisors; Samuel McCann, township clerk; William Bell, collector; Asa Snider, Daniel G. Wilkins and William Thrapp, trustees. The tax that year was $65; in 1816 it was $50. The first road through the town was the stage road between Zanesville and Columbus. The first local surveyor was Jonathan Wood. Charles and John Roberts also did much surveying in the township. About 1810 John Fleming had a fine apple orchard on his place north of Nashport, David Vandenbark had a peach orchard about the same time, and sold John Van Voorhis a half bushel of peachstones in 1812. The first hewed log structure was an addition to the log house of Jonathan Wood at Nashport, which he built about 1812. John Van Voorhis had brick manufactured on his place, and with them he erected the first brick house in the township' in 1817. David Vandenbark, above mentioned, built the first stone house in the township. Mt. Wood kept tavern in his round and hewed-log house mentioned above. Later he sold to John Kerr, who was succeeded by Capt. Thomas Nash, the founder of Nashport. This was closed as a public house prior to 1830. In the township records is found mention of Thompson's tavern, in 1815. Richard Ayers, who with John Irvine laid out Irville, was an early tavernkeeper, and Hugh Allison and Joseph Roberts were early " landlords" there too. Early and now long-gone mills in this township were the following: John Sidle's saw and gristmill, which was in operation on Licking creek as early as 1815, and was demolished in 1840; Nathan Fleming's sawmill on Stump's run, west of Irville; Daniel Woods' water-power sawmill, on the Licking. The Claypool mill was built by Jacob Rhodes in 1830. The platting of Irville, in 1814, by John Irvine and Richard Ayers, has been referred to. In 1818 Jared Brush opened a store there. The store of Nathan Fleming was opened in 1825. Daniel Van Voorhis began merchandising there in 1832, and continued until 1843, when he returned to agricultural pursuits. He was elected to the state legislature in 1860, and now at an advanced age is living in Zanesville. Elmus Wheaton was the first postmaster at Irville. In 1827, as has been stated, Capt. Thomas Nash laid out Nashport. The town site embraces forty acres, and was platted for the proprietor by the Roberts Brothers. The pioneer postoffice was at Irville, and was established in 1818. Early in the thirties it was removed to Nashport. The early mails came only weekly. The earliest schoolhouse in Licking was built about 1814-16, about twenty rods north of Nashport, on land owned later by Thomas Devine. In an improved form it was standing about fifteen years later. An early teacher here was one Dougherty. A hewed-log schoolhouse was built at Nashport in 1835-36. The timber was given by Daniel Van Voorhis; the tree from which the shingles were made by Elias Ellis; the stone by John R. Stump. Leven Coverdale was the contractor and was paid about $90. The Ohio canal was completed through Licking in 1830. The " Reindeer, " a pleasure boat built at Newark, was the first boat to pass Nashport. The first regular canal boat to pass through the township was the " Union," of Dover. The only lodge of Odd Fellows in Licking is Durban Lodge No. 478, which was instituted in 1871. A division of the Sons of Temperance was instituted at Nashport in 1870 and disbanded in 1878. Following are the names of heads of families in Licking in 1826: C. Baxter, Thomas Mattocks, Daniel Farnsworth, Adam Piper, William McDonald, William Hall, H. Allison, I. Francis, P. Claypool, James McDaniel, Peter Pake, George Pake, John Pake, William Boilan, Asa Langstaff, J. Terrel, S. Coleman, W. Beard, A. Maloney, J. Rhodes Sr., J. Rhodes Jr., William Arter Sr., William Arter Jr., B. Redmon, Mary Irvine, B. Walker Sr., I. D. Stewart, Jesse Keen, P. Howard, John Perry, N. Fleming, Elizabeth Wood, Thomas Liggitt, James Dickey, James Coe, Peggy Hughes, M. Taylor, I. Lewis, Jared Brush, H. I. Cox, Josiah Walker, A. McClellan, E. Fern, Samuel Scott, Charles Hunt, D. E. Wharton, Lennox Sheppard, John Yocum, Abel Randall, George Osler, Thomas Brook, Robert Hagerty,William George, S. Prior, E. Sheppard, Edward Spencer, William Reggs, Michael Dunn, John Wells, Alexander Vass, Joseph Fell, James Farnsworth, John Rhodes, William Nichols, Robert Bonham, J. Sidle, D. Vandenbark Sr., G. Vandenbark, E. Hunt, Simon Sterlin, C. Ditter, M. Sherrard, George Tebo, James Ward, Daniel Ward, H. E. Burkholder, Leman Mead, William Edwards, James Walker, D. N. Murch, W. Munson, Jacob Lefler, Leonard Stump, John Regar, H. Tipton, Thomas Nash, Jacob Victor, David Victor Sr., David Victor Jr., L. Coverdale, John Fleming, William F. Starkey, John ran Voorhis, Joshua Evans, Solomon Wood, James D. Stump, Samuel Jones, George Hite, Albert Randall, W. McClure, Abijah Haman, Matthew Fleming, O. Hillary,David Jones, Daniel G. Wilkins, Charles King Sr., Samuel Guest, James Pentecost, John Myers, James 346 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Tunis, Charles Dougherty, Thomas Wickham, Jr., Moses Snider and Hull Wickham. The little log meetinghouse of the Macedonia Methodist Episcopal church was erected about 1835, three miles north of Irville. It was abandoned ten or twelve years ago and the society built a larger building outside of the township. Two and a half miles north of Irville the congregation known as Highland Methodist Episcopal church built a log house of worship about fifty years ago. It passed out of regular use about sixteen years ago. Nashport Methodist .Episcopal church was organized about 1845. A lot was donated to the society by Captain Thomas Nash, and the church building was erected in 1854-55, at a cost of $1,000, and dedicated by Rev. Joseph M. Tremble. A Sunday-school was organized in 1855, with R. C. Dean as superintendent. CHAPTER XXXVIII. WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. THE first actual settler here of whom we have any definite knowledge, while a great hunter, belonged more to the pioneer class. His name was Isaac Prior, the ancestor of Alexander Prior, now residing in Licking township, and whose biography in this volume presents a more extended sketch of this first settler of Washington township. Through data obtained in the Prior family, we learn that Isaac Prior was a native of Pennsylvania, and that he settled with his family in 1799 on land since owned by A. C. Howard. Tradition tells us that he provided the meat for his family largely by his skill as a hunter, and that he sold deer and wild turkeys to the very first settlers of Zanesville. This humble log cabin and small clearing was the first in the township, and the fertile soil of the township first yielded to his cultivation a crop of corn. Isaac Prior was not a reckless. Indian hunter, but was a church member, and took with him to the wilds of Muskingum, a letter of dismissal from his church as a member in honorable standing. After he had somewhat established himself, he built a hewed-log house, and his hospitable roof so frequently sheltered the wayfaring hunter and land seeker and other adventurers, that it came to be looked upon as a tavern which was the first in the township. It seemed to have been the custom for many of the first pioneers to keep open house, their latch string was always out, and no man who sought shelter with them was ever turned from their door. Likewise, Job Dickson, who came soon after Isaac Prior, entertained travelers at Three-mile spring, as soon as tie had built his cabin and cleared three acres.of land. The settlers now began to come in more rapidly and were mostly from Pennsylvania and Virginia, with a few from Delaware, from which last named state Moses Boggs came in 1805, and made his settlement in the eastern part of the township on land purchased of Noah Zane. He possessed some business ability, for he was county commissioner from 1840 to 1843. Jacob Livingood came in 1805, from Pennsylvania, accompanied by Elija Hart from the same state. Joseph Evans and George Crane, Joseph Vernon with his wife and regular pioneer family of twelve children, came in 1805. In 1806 Gen. Robert McConnell, of Pennsylvania, settled on land afterward owned by William Fox. He was afterward the founder of McConnelsville. In 1806 Joseph Slack also came in and settled on land afterward owned by James Galloway. He built a log house roofed with shingles, which was the first to boast such a luxury. About this time came John Walters. In 1808 Jacob Gaumer a revolutionary soldier from Reading, Penn., settled in this township. His son-in-law, Jacob Sturtz, the ancestor of ale Sturtz family in this county, from Somerset county, Penn., settled the same year on the farm now owned by Mr. Lovett. Jacob Sturtz was a soldier in the war of 1812, and served in Capt. Robert McConnell's company of riflemen. He was in several fights with the Indians. In 1810 Job Dickson sold out his •tavern to John Speers who had recently come to the township. George Swasek came from Virginia in 1811. John Robertson settled in the township in 1812. By 1816 Samuel Cassel, John Price, George Jay, William Keatley, Albert Cole, Isaac Beatty, Spencer Lehue and William McConnell had arrived. HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 347 In 1820 John Wall came from Pennsylvania, and the Suttons and Batemans came shortly before. Then came L. McLain and John McCashland. In 1822 a Virginian, Jonah Hague, came with a pioneer family of fifteen children. A man by the name of Bates had a tavern on Mill run in 1804. The first marriage was solemnized between John Mercer and Elizabeth Vernon, in 1807. The first death was Eliza Hart, who died in 1807. There were no more deaths for ten years, when Jane Slack died in 1817. The first birth was Rebecca Vernon, daughter of Joseph Vernon. In 1810 William McConnell built a sawmill, the first in the township. Some time after this a mill run by ox power was built by William Beatty. In 1811 John Bates mined the first coal in Muskingum county, on Mud run, this township, which he sold in Zanesville. Jacob Slack opened the first road, assisted by his brother George. It is what is now known as the Adamsville road, and was from his house to Wheeling road. In 1813 the Adamsville road was surveyed, which was the first county road. The first man to drive a team over this road was Jacob Slack. In 1819 George Jury built the first distillery and Albert Cole the first tannery. In 1814 a coal bank was opened by John Speers for his own use. The first school teacher in the township was Ellen Spinner, in an old-time schoolhouse built in 1816. Samuel Cassel was the second teacher. John Price had the first blacksmith shop in 1820, and this same year Henry Conrad opened a store. In December, 1822, Samuel Barstow made the first claim against the township for $12.18, for burying John McCasky. In 1830 the village of Jackson, on the National pike, four miles east of Zanesville, was surveyed into lots. The record was made October 20, same year. The land was formally owned by Spencer Lehue. This village has attained no considerable growth, and is simply a quiet residence hamlet with no business enterprises worthy of notice. From the County Commissioners Journal of Wednesday June 5,1822, we extract the following: " The commissioners met agreeable to adjournment, present, ,all three, as heretofore. A petition having been presented from a number of inhabitants of Zanesville township, north of the military line, thence running west with said military line to the southwest corner of Buford's farm, on the Wheeling road, thence north with the west boundary line of the Buford farm, until it strikes Joseph Shut's land, thence west and north with the west boundary of said Shut's land, to land belonging to John Lehue's estate, thence west and north with the west boundary of Lehue's land, on the line between Lehue's land and Jeffrey Price, with said line northerly to Mill run, thence down Mill run to the Muskingum river, thence up the river till it strikes the east and west line, through the centre of township 2, in range 7, thence east with said line between Jackson and Copeland's land, and on with said line until it strikes the range line between ranges six and seven, at the northeast corner of the fourth quarter of the second township in the seventh range, thence south with the range line, between ranges six and seven, to the place of beginning, which shall constitute a new township, to be called Washington township; also, ordered that the auditor advertise for an election, to be held at the house of Mathias Colspier, on the 22 day of June inst., to elect a sufficient number of township officers in and for said township of Washington. On June 27,1822, the first election was held for township officers. John Howell and William Evans were clerks. The officers elected were, for treasurer, William Culbertson; trustees, James Huff, Robert McConnell and Moses Boggs; overseers of the poor were Robert Boggs and Robert Culbertson; for clerk; Samuel Orr Jr. ; road supervisors, Nicholas Closser, Anthony Woodruff and John Harris.; fence viewers, Mathias Colspier and Nicholas Closser, justices of the peace, George W. Jackson and Moses Boggs; constables, Anthony H. Woodruff, Leonard Lull and George Slack. The first infirmary director elected was Robert Slack, in 1875. As early as the year 1800 there was a. Muskingum and Hockhocking circuit, which, in 1802, was changed to the Little Kanawha and Muskingum. Jesse Stoneman rode this circuit, but it was Robert Manly who organized the first Methodist church' in the valley. Just how far up it is impossible to say. James Quina traveled this circuit in 1804-5. While the records of the early Methodist itinerants are very incomplete, we find that some stanch seekers after truth met in private homes in our township, and listened to the word of God. The first class was organized about 1808, holding their meetings, among other places, at the homes of John Vernon, Joseph Bowers, John Bowers and Isaac Beatty. Feeling the need of a permanent place of worship, these zealdus Methodists, in 1823, erected a hewed-log building, which was dedicated in the fall of that year. It was built by the pioneers themselves, without outside assistance. It was situated on a farm owned by John Bowers Sr. In 1846 a frame structure, costing over $1,000, was erected in Perry township, on George Borders' farm. Among the early preachers were Presiding elder Jacob Young, William Knox, John Waterman Thomas Carr, John Tires, Samuel Glaze, T. A. Morris, Charles Elliott, James Giluth, Samuel Brockmier, Jacob Hooper, Archibald McElroy, Leroy Swainestedt, M. M. Henkle, B. Westlake, J. P. Durbin, David Young, William Cunningham, 348 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM. COUNTY. Thomas Beecher, E. H. Taylor, Ezra Brown, Z. H. Coston, Michael Ellis, C. Springer, J. Calihan, Joseph Carper and W. B. Crislee. During the summer of 1833 the first Sunday-school was organized by Joseph Church. Rev. D. P. Mitchell and J. W. Spry revived the old Sunday-school in 1851, the old one having existed but three months. Methodism was well established in Washington township, when a class was formed in a schoolhouse on John Orr's farm in 1842. It consisted of John Wall, Amanda Wall, James Walwork, Margaret Walwork, Lucretia Brown, Patsy Shiflet, Lloyd Bishop, Mrs. Bishop, James Smith, Margaret Smith and Nellie Hart. The class-leader was Stephen Schafer. After three months the class moved to William Brown's tobacco barn. Some time afterward, the new meeting house being finished in 1843, the meetings were held there. The class leaders have been Stephen Schafer, James Smith, John Wall, James B. Smith, James McJurkin, Jonathan Collins, Turner Wolf and John Gray. A Sunday-school was early organized, which was well attended. The Baptist church was formed from the Baptist church in Salem township. Many of the Washington township members, finding it inconvenient to attend church in Salem township in 1842, petitioned the Baptist church in Salem township for permission to organize a church in this township. The petition granted, and a new association formed, the next year built and dedicated a church, under the pastorage of Rev. William Sedgwick. They soon organized a Sunday-school, which proved a great aid to the church. As the signers to the petition to the Salem Church may be considered the founders of a new church, we give their names as follows: William H. Barstow, A. H. Woodruff Sr., Robert Combs, Amy Presgrave, James. Miller, A. H. Woodruff Jr., Elga Combs, Mary ,Leach, Mary Cobb, Harriet Bateman, Elizabeth Mears, Sarah Callihan, Willis Barstow, William Leach, Penrod Bateman, Elizabeth Bateman, John Bateman, Semote Menifee, Jacob Slack, Hosea Woodruff, Margaret Ferrell, Arai P. Hunter, Peter Mears, Samuel Barstow Jr., Martha Woodruff, George Barstow, Mary Bailant, Mary A. Michael, Mary Barstow, Elizabeth Zett, Ann Hickman, Mary J. Dunmead, William Mears, Mary Martin, Brittania Presgrave, George Presgrave. Prior to 1848 a company of Methodists used to meet in the Woodruff schoolhouse. In 1848 they built a church on the farm of Thompson Hague, a short distance north of Coaldale. The first two class leaders were Isaac Franks and William Catlin. Among the prominent members of this church at its organization, we find the names of Job Morgan, Jacob Walters, William McCashland, Albert Jones, Joel Jones, Robert Jones, Jonathan Malox and Joseph H. Bowers. Among the early pastors were Revs. Wyrick, D. P. Mitchell, Robert Boyd, I. N. Macabee and Henry Snyder. Twenty years ago this church had a very flourishing Sunday-school, which was well conducted. In the early sixties the Lutherans organized a Sunday-school in a log cabin on the land owned by David Shick, which flourished. Among its superintendents were Samuel Shick, James McGee, David Shick, A. Martin, Mrs. Maggie Shick, Miss Kate Boggs and John Mitzlett. This was called the St. John's Union Sunday-school. In 1863, springing from this Sunday-school, came the St. John's Lutheran church, worshiping in the same log cabin. A frame church was built in 1876, Samuel Shick subscribing $400. Among the prominent members in an early day were Samuel Shick, John Hetzel, Allan Dunn, James McGee and Elizabeth Hetzel. Among their pastors have been Revs. George Sinsibaugh, William M. Gilbraith, Logan Gilbraith, John Bocker and George Shrieves. Land on which the original log church stood was donated by David Shick in 1863 for thirteen years, the transaction being made legal by the receipt on his part of $1.