PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 131 (RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) CHAPTER XIV. MISCELLANEOUS SOCIETIES, COMPRISING ABOLITIONISM, TEMPERANCE, YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION, MUSKINGUM COUNTY BIBLE SOCIETY, MEDICAL SOCIETIES, HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL SOCIETIES, MUSKINGUM COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, PIONEER AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY, EIGHTH WARD PARK ASSOCIATION, DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, KNIGHTS OF ST. GEORGE ANI) COLUMBUS, ANCIENT ORDER OF HIBERNIANS AND YOUNG MEN'S INSTITUTE, BANDS AND ORCHESTRAS, SINGING SOCIETIES, DRAMATIC, ART AND LITERARY ITEMS. ABOLITIONISM. Zanesville was settled oriinally by Virginians, Marylanders and Pennsylvanians, and a few Protestant Irish ; they were fond of sports, dancing and music and endeavored to obtain as much pleasure as possible out of life. Putnam was settled originally by Yankees, who were honest, shrewd, industrious and intelligent, who regarded life more seriously, were inclined to reflect upon the sober questions of the clay, and discounten- 132 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. anced what they regarded as the ungodly frivolities of the Zanesville inhabitants, who gave Putnam the sobriquet of "Saint's Rest," which it has ever retained, because of a certain degree of solemnity which cast a gloom over everything. Zanesville had no objection to slavery and many of its people favored it although its existence was prohibited in the state ; the people of Putnam had brought with them, from their New England homes, the Puritan opinions of the institution, and hated it with religious zeal ; they despised the Zanesvilleans for their ignorance and disregard of ethics, and the latter reciprocated with a coarse ill will and intense contempt for what they classed as Puritanical cant and hypocrisy. To intensify the disagreement, fortune had smiled on Zanesville and it had outstripped its neighbor as a town, and its citizens were proud and elated over it and never permitted an opportunity to escape to remind their more thrifty but less successful neighbors of the fact. Although their fortunes might not have prospered their opinions were not modified, and they were not depressed by loss of prestige ; and Monday evening, June 24, 1833, Levi Whipple, A. G. Allen, Thomas Gurney, M. B. Cushing and H. C. Howells met at the latter's residence, northeast corner of Woodlawn avenue and Van Buren street, to consider the expediency of forming an organization to promote the total abolition of slavery, and it was agreed that each one present should invite his friends to meet with them at Mr. Whipple's office on the following Saturday, at which,time there were present Levi Whipple, chairman ; A. G. Allen, secretary ; John Goshen, Thomas Gurney, Horace Nye, H. C. Howells, M. B. Cushing, John Quigley, Charles Mathews and Wm. Joiner. A constitution was adopted, which was signed by all present except Goshen and Mathews, and the first public meeting was held July 4, 1833, in the Presbyterian church, in Zanesville, when the constitution was amended and the name of the society changed to the Muskingum County Emancipation Society to promote the Abolition of Slavery and of Oppressive Laws: although not endorsed very extensively in the city, 22o persons in the county had signed the constitution in a short time. Commencing October 26, 1833, a monthly prayer meeting was held for the abolition of slavery, at first m the stone academy, and for many years in the Putnam Presbyterian church; a Bible class for colored adults was formed and later a Sunday school for colored children ; petitions to the Legislature and Congress were forwarded and the society was in active co-operation with similar organizations throughout the country. Zanesville was not different to these transactions, but regarded them as the futile efforts of "cranks," who were dealing with a subject about which they knew nothing, but were aroused to a feverish condition of excitement when announcement was made that a state convention of Abolitionists was called to assemble, April 22, 1835, in the stone academy near the intersection of Moxahala avenue and Jefferson street The coming event was the sole topic at tavern conferences, on the street and in the homes of Zanesville, and it was determined to prevent it preceding the convention Theodore D. Weld came by invitation to lecture and his meetings created such opposition and excitement, that April 11, 1835, a committee was appointed to wait on the prosecuting attorney about the disturbance at the meetings, and secure protection. When the day arrived Zanesville was beyond control, and when it was known that the half dozen Abolitionists of Putnam were in actual conference with visitors of similar political persuasion, the slum of Zanesville, encouraged by more respectable And more guilty men, but lacking the courage to engage in actual violence, crossed the river, dispersed the meeting, defaced the building, insulted the ladies and spread terror throughout the village. Putnam was helpless ; violence to private property was imminent, and residences of Major Nye, A. A. Guthrie and H. C. Howells were threatened with incendiarism, and for some time, were protected by neighbors. The Putnam residents were greatly aggrieved and an intensely bitter feeling grew out of the occurrence. Time worked partial reconciliation but the slumbering opposition of Zanesville was fanned into a living flame of political hatred by the rumor that the state convention of the Ohio Anti-Slavery Society was to assemble in the stone academy in May, 1839. Zanesville had condoned the first offence but would not permit such incendiary meetings ; inflammatory documents were issued, one especially was filled with the bitterest invectives, designed to excite the worst of human passions, and entitled the "Resurrection of Abolitionists in Putnam." Zanesvilles was aroused to madness on the day of the convention and the Zanesville rabble invaded Putnam during daylight, but no disturbance occurred until evening, when the barn of Adam France was fired, because he had stabled the horses of some the delegates, and on the following night Mr. Whipple's barn was burned. Mr. Howells, an Englishman, engaged in tanning at Woodlawn avenue and Harrison street, and others, had made enthusiastic speeches before the convention, which the mob considered inflammatory, and the information was carried into the country, and hundreds of rural pro-slavery men came into Zanesville to reinforce the haters of the Abolitionists. An attack was made on the academy, the Putnam the men resisted, routed the ruffians and captured PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 133 their leader and some of the men. When this intelligence reached Zanesville the friends of the prisoners were hastily notified to rendezvous at the Third street bridge, to rescue their comrades ; in the meantime the citizens of Putnam; without regard to politica1 affiliations, were determined to defend their town and place the prisoners in the Zanesville jail; the Zanesville mob; threatening to burn the town, was met at the southern end of the bridge by Mr. Z. M. Chandler and an armed force, and a battle with stones, bludgeons and firearms ensued, in which one Zanesville man was severely wounded in the leg. Reinforcements came to both sides, and when the fight was hottest the Sheriff appeared with a posse, read the riot act and ordered the mob to disperse. During the conflict one prisoner escaped but the remainder were marched to jail by the Sheriff. When Zanesville party made the first attack, a detachment had provided a bucket of tar and a sack of feathers to adorn Mr. Howells, but he escaped from the building and climbed a tree on the high ground near the Cooper Mill road, from which he watched the mob searching for him; when the rioters learned that their attack had been repulsed and some of their party captured, they feared their ability to reach home by the bridge and swam the river. When Sheriff had locked up his prisoners, he anticipated a rescue as the city was in turmoil, and popular sentiment was running in that direction; the officers knew the danger and were hoping for the return of the Zanesville Guards, who had gone on an excursion to Dresden. Upon their return they were placed on duty at the court house, and late at night, when the crowd had dispersed, the military were released and a strong civil guard alone held the position. Public sentiment was so favorable to the prisoners that their punishment was nominal and did not "fit the crime.” Putnam was not on the line of the Underground Railway, and while the occasions were infrequent to assist a slave to freedom, the Putnam Abolitionists were never found lacking in any of the zeal in acton which they so forcibly advocated in theory. TEMPERANCE. The prevalence of the use of intoxicating liquors in the early part of the Nineteenth century is affirmed by social and commercial records ; custom sanctioned their employment upon all social occasions and stores sold them as staple articles; they were displayed openly upon the sideboard in nearly every home, and whiskey, brandy and wines were as essential to hospitality as solid food. Bitters were administered to the household, at fixed seasons of the year, and their use was regarded as positively necessary to the health of the family ; the liquors were too cheap to adulterate and their quality was never impeached, and intoxication rarely extended to the condition of imbecility. Notwithstanding popular sentiment found no fault with existing customs there were individuals who did, and November 15, 1830, a meeting was held in the Methodist meeting house, in Putnam, for the purpose of forming a temperance society ; Edwin Putnam was chosen chairman and W. H. Moore, secretary ; Rev. James Culbertson opened the exercises with prayer and an address was delivered by A. A. Guthrie. A constitution was adopted and those signing it agreed "to perpetually abstain strictly from ardent spirits and wine, except as a medicine, or as a part of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper ; also, not to present it to visitors, customers or laborers, except as a medicine, not to be directly or indirectly concerned in the manufacture or sale of ardent spirits, except so far as he sliall be convinced that they are intended for medical purposes or the arts." Ninety names were affixed to the constitution, and the officers chosen were : John Goshen, president ; Edwin Putnam, vice president ; A. A. Guthrie, secretary ; Samuel Chapman, treasurer ; W. H. Moore, Horace Nye, Thomas Wilbur, Abraham Josselvn and Col. Wm. Hadley, directors. The society flourished and December 6, 1850, there were 813 signers to the constitution, and April 18, 1853, the society became part of the Temperance Alliance. At various times an active campaign in the interest of temperance was conducted by the Sons of Temperance and Good Templars, of which no records remain, but the efforts of these societies were limited to persuasive methods and while they accomplished much in molding public sentiment and in reforming, hard drinkers, more strenuous measures were demanded by the more radical temperance advocates. The spasmodic crusade which swept over Ohio in 1874 was vigorously contested in Zanesville; a meeting of the friends of prohibition was held in the Second Street Church, March 3, 1874, with Mrs. Sarah Hazlett as president and Mrs. D. C. Smith as secretary ; the meeting was very enthusiastic and largely attended and on the following day the Women's League was formed by electing Mrs. Hazlett president, the wives of the city clergy as vice presidents ; Mrs. D. C. Smith, Mrs. R. H. Buell and Mrs. S. S. Black as secretaries ; an executive committee of nine members and an advisory committee of gentlemen were also selected. The pledge consisted of an agreement "to use judicious and lawful means to rid the city of the curse of the liquor traffic," and m a short time eight hundred names were subscribed to the agreement. A petition was prepared for presentation to the city council asking the passage 134 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. of as prohibitory a law as the constitution would permit, and 4,470 names were attached when it was presented. About a score of the most prominent ladies attended at the council chamber on the evening it was presented to council, and they were allowed ten minutes to express their desires : Mrs. L. G. Shrom addressed council in behalf of the league, and H. L. Korte, of the law firm of Korte and Archauer, attorneys for the Liquor Dealers' Association, presented a remonstrance and addressed council upon the injustice of the proposed law, and having exceeded his time Rev. W. P. Shrom was given opportunity to reply. The entire membership of council was present and a motion to suspend the rules was carried by a vote of 17 to r, and upon the adoption of the ordinance the roll was called and the vote, as enrolled, was : Daniel Applegate, Henry Blandy, A. E. Cook, Fred. Dieterich, C. W. Fletcher, Wm. Foran, Samuel G. McBride, 0. C. Farquhar, George W. Guthrie, P. Morgan, Robert Price, Benjamin Spangler and James L. Taylor, or thirteen ayes ; and Michael McDonald, Frank Myers, H. Eugene Printz, Robert D. Schultz and E. B. Williams, or five nays ; among those voting aye will be - served several names which were a surprise to public as the parties were not favorable to question but lacked the courage of the minors v to express their opinions. There having bet n thirteen for and five against the ordinance it was declared adopted, and upon this announcement Mrs. Hazlett arose and suggested the singing of the long meter doxology ; Mrs. Rev. J. F. Ohl began and the audience arose and joined in the singing. The influence of the movement extended to the medical society, which passed a resolution to not prescribe spirituous liquors except in cases of absolute necessity, and twelve of the thirteen druggists pledged themselves to not sell except as a medicine. Street meetings were held and saloons were picketed ; persons about to enter were requested not to do so and many were deterred from entering by the knowledge that they were watched ; antagonism was excited in some, and others, in terror, abandoned the business. April 7, 1874, a party of crusaders sang a hymn and offered a prayer on a sidewalk in front of a saloon in Tarrier street, and quite a crowd collected ; the proprietress was boisterous and threatening and next day filed an affidavit against one of the lady participants for obstructing "said sidewalk or pavement, to hindrance, inconvenience and damage of affiant and the public, by stopping, standing, kneeling, singing, praying and collecting a crowd on said sidewalk or pavement and street." The accused was arrested and later discharged ; the liquor dealers requested the Mayor "to prohibit street demonstrations of any kind" which he declined doing on the ground that there was no law under which he could act. The a Women's League meetings were maintained and interest seemed unabated, but after a six-months’ trial the ordinance was repealed, some of the members of council having been persuaded to resume the former practices. Since this effort the temperance movement has been confined to efforts to secure local option, the last having been at an election in the new Third ward in 1904 which was defeated by a narrow majority. THE INDEPENDENT ORDER OF RECHABITES is founded on extracts from Jer. xxv "The word which came unto Jeremiah ffrom the Lord, in the days of Jehoiakin, the son of Josiah, king of Judah, saying, 'Go unto the house of the Rechabites, and speak unto them and bring them into the house of the Lord, into one of the chambers, and give them wine to drink.' Then I took Jaazaniah, the son of Jeremiah, the son of Habazinah, and his brethren, and all his sons and the whole house of the Rechabites ; and I brought them into the house of the Lord, into the chamber of the sons of Hanan, the son of Igdaliah, a man of God, which was by the chamber of the princes, which was above the chamber of the Maaseiah, the son of Shallul, the keeper of the door ; and I set before the sons of the house of the Rechabites, pots full of wine, and cups and I said unto them, 'Drink ye wine.' But they said, 'We will drink no wine, for Jonadab, the son of Rechab, our father, commanded us saying, ye shall drink no wine, neither ye nor your sons forever ; neither shall ye build house nor sow seed, nor plant vineyard, nor have any; but all your days ye shall live in tents ; that ye may live many days in the land where ye be strangers. Thus have we obeyed the voice of Jonadab, the son of Rechab, our father, in all that he hath charged us, to drink no wine in all our days, we, our wives, our sons, nor our daughters; nor to build houses for us to dwell in, neither vineyard, nor field, nor seed ; but we have dwelt we in tents, and have obeyed and done according to all that Jonadab, our father, commanded us.’ And Jeremiah said unto the house of the Rechabites: ‘Thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Isreal; because ye have obeyed the command of Jonadab, your father, and kept all his precepts and done according unto all that he hath commanded you, therefore thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, Jonadab, the son of Rechab, shall not want a man to stand before Me forever.' " The members of the order, therefore, are total abstainers, and their place of meeting is styled a tent. The first tent in Ohio was instituted at Zanesville, August 5, 1877, and designated as PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 135 Excelsior Tent, No. 8o, with the following officers: A J. Wolfe, shepherd; D. B. Gary, past chief ruler; James Benjamin, chief ruler ; Charles Arter, deputy ruler ; I. B. Copeland, recording secretary; L. C. Webster, financial secretary ; Thomas Roach, treasurer ; C. Wintermute, Levite ; G. W. Marshal1, inside guardian ; Benjamin Priest, outside guardian, with eleven additional members; the tent disbanded in December, 1899. Peerless Tent was organized in February, 1887, and disbanded in July, 1898. Lily of the Valley Tent was organized September 29, 1888, with fifty-five charter members ing officers : Mrs. B. Pritchard, shepherd; Mrs. Jennie Kelso, past chief ruler ; Mrs. Elizabeth Lawson, chief ruler ; Miss Hattie Toll, deputy ruler ; Miss Alice Lampton, recording secretary; Mrs. L. F. Quigley, financial secretary; Mrs. Hattie Parkison, treasurer ; Mrs. Elmer Flowers, Levite ; Mrs. Charles Taylor, inside guardian; Mrs. Ella Parkison, outside quardian: John L. Stockdale, George Vaughn and George Parkison, trustees ; this tent is still working. Banner Tent, No. 111, was organized August 9, 1879, with fifty charter members and the following officers: Louis Quigley, shepherd ; W. P. Brown, past chief ruler ; Lyman Flowers, chief ruler: John Miller, deputy ruler ; W. J. Finley, recording secretary ; J. W. Donaway, financial secretary; D. B. Gary, treasurer ; Hugh Benjamin; Clark Wilbur, inside guardian ; G. W. Wilson; outside guardian ; this tent is still working. White Rose Tent was organized in August, 1896, and disbanded in 1899, and Willing Workers Juvenil Branch, organized with forty members is doing good work among the children. For a number of years the hall of the order has been in the third story of the building on southwest corner of Fifth street and Fountain alley. YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. A formal organization of this widespread association was made in Zanesville. November 11, 1867, when A. A. Guthrie was chosen president and was retained in the positioned in the position until physical disability compelled him to retire. Pleasant rooms were secured in Main street over where Brendel’s store has been kept so many years, and for a long time the association flourished and was influential for good. It was active in Sunday-school work where sectarian authority had not been exersised, and extended its labors to sewing missions for girls. but interest ceased and the organization became dormant about 1880-1. In the late ‘eighties the association was revived and the Hurd residence, in Fifth street, immediately north of the Monumental Building, was leased and fitted up, and a frame gymnasium was built in the rear of the lot ; after a few years the interest waned and about 1892 it was disbanded, and the gymnasium is now occupied by the Sunkel Plumbing Company as a work shop. THE MUSKINGUM COUNTY BIBLE SOCIETY was organized in September, 1828, with Gen. Isaac Van Horne, president ; Rev. James Culbertson, recording secretary, and Levi Whipple, treasurer. In 1842 an executive committee was selected, the first members of which were Isaac Dillon, James Raguet, John Metcalf, Alexander Sullivan, Wm. Schultz, E. E. Fillmore and John Taylor, Jr. MEDICAL SOCIETIES. The General Assembly passed an act January 28, 1817, to regulate the practice of physic and surgery and a board of censors was appointed for each of the medical districts created by the act ; Muskingum county was in the Fourth district and Dr. John Hamm was president of the board whose first meeting was held at Zanesville, on the first Thursday in November, and the examination was begun of such persons as were to be permitted to practice medicine ; among those first examined were Doctors Calvin Conant and Dudley W. Rhodes. This act seems to have been recognized as monopolistic in character and another was passed February 26, 1824, by which medical societies were recognized and May 25 the physicians of the Fifteenth medical district, composed of the counties of Muskingum, Morgan, Guernsey, Coshocton. Knox and Licking, assembled in the court house, at Zanesville, and organized a medical society with twenty-seven members, the officers being John Hamm, president ; John J. Brice, vice president ; Thomas Flanner, secretary, and Robert Mitchell, treasurer. This organization continued until December 12. 1842, when fifteen physicians met at the Eagle Hotel, at Zanesville, and agreed to form the Muskingum County Medical Society, and at another meeting held at the same place, January io, 1843, effected the organization by electing Robert Safford, president ; John Walker, vice president ; C. C. Hildreth, secretary ; James Helmick, treasurer, and J. G. F. Holston, librarian ; thirty-one members were at once secured and in 1874 it merged with the Zanesville Academy of Medicine, an association which was formed about 1873 ; the date is undetermined except by the facts from contemporary sources that Dr. Hildreth was president in 1873 and that he was the first president ; it is asserted that the organization was incorporated at the beginning but the first record found is that incorporation papers were issued January 20, 136 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY 1878, with a capital of one hundred shares of $5.00 each, and every member was required to hold one ; it had authority to issue diplomas, and charge a fee of $25.00 therefor, and the certificate entitled the holder to practice medicine ; a valuable library was collected and the meetings were held in the Atheneum building, in Fourth street ; only one class was graduated, and professional jealousies wrought the disintegration of the body and its library was scattered among the members. In 1883 it was succeeded by the Zanesville Medical Society and about the same time the Muskingum Valley District Medical Society was formed as a rival body, but neither flourished and both languished and died, and for some time there was no association of physicians. When time had softened the feelings which had caused the differences in the past, Drs. W. R. Hosick, Edward Cass, H. McCreary, 0. M. Norman, W. D. Forsythe, A. E. Bell, J. G. F. Holston and J. F. Kennedy issued a call which was intended to reach every allopathic physician in the county, to meet at the Probate Court room, at Zanesville, September 8, 1892, to consider the subject of organizing a medical society ; sixteen attended and formed the Muskingum County Medical Society with the following as the first officers : J. L. Geyer, Norwich, president ; Z. C. McElroy, Zanesville, first vice president ; J. S. Haldeman, Zanesville, second vice president ; J. F. Kennedy, Zanesville, treasurer ; J. M. Fassig, Zanesville, secretary, and the organization has been in prosperous condition and productive of much good among the associates. THE HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL SOCIETY OF SOUTH-EASTERN OHIO was orgamzed in July, 1898, by D. H. Crawford, 0. B. Crumbaker, S. F. Edgar, Martha A. McBride and W. G. McGee, when officers were chosen as follows : S. F. Edgar, president ; W. G. McGee, vice president ; Martha A. McBride, secretary ; D. H. Crawford, treasurer. Territorial limits have not been defined and no members have been received west of Columbus. The active movers in the organization were Drs. McBride and McGee, and at first monthly meetings were held but as the membership increased and became dispersed the assemblies were made semi-annual, and papers are presented and a pleasant social feature given to the occasion. The present officers are : John B. McBride, Zanesville, president ; C. L. Ireland, Columbus, vice president ; Harry E. Hunt, Newark, secretary ; S. F. Edgar, Zanesville, treasurer. MUSKINGUM COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY In 1836 John and Isaac Dillon and others organized an agricultural society. in the county and held an exhibit in the court house ; the fairs were held in subsequent years, and when the General Assembly passed the act February 28, 1846, “for the encouragement of agriculture," and r nized the utility of such organizations, the Muskingum County Agricultural Society was born January 21, 1848. The first officers were : Cornelius Springer, president ; George W. Gibbons, vice president ; James L. Cox, treasurer ; Uriah Park, secretary. The first formal exhibit was made in the old market house, Zanesville, in the fall of 1848, and soon after about twenty acres of ground were purchased in Springfield township, along what is now Luck avenue, but which proved too limited for the purpose ; this tract was sold and the present commodious grounds purchased, along the Cooper Mill road ; during the Civil war the fairs were suspended and the grounds were used as a military camp, and named in honor of Gen. Chas. B. Goddard. The Muskingum County Horticultural Society was organized January 15, 1869, with Wm. Imlay, president ; S. Jacobs Moore, vice president; Wm. J. Townsend, secretary ; W. A. Graham treasurer, and twenty other members. PIONEER AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY. A meeting of elderly citizens of the county was held at the court house, May 21, 1866, to form a historical society, to be composed of elderly citizens only, no person to be eligible to membership unless fifty years of age. Thomas McLees was made president ; B. F. Swingle, vice president, and Wm. Gray, secretary. The organization was maintained more as a social affair than for the collection of historical data, until the formation of the pioneer society into which it drifted. August 30, 1867, the Old Settlers Association was organized at the Odd Fellows Hall, an September 13th a constitution was adopted, and John Peters was elected president and L. H. Dugan, secretary, but its records cease with those of November 16. March 4, 1890, Charles C. Goddard, H. D. Munson, Sr., Henry Taylor, H. S. Nye, M. D., B. F. Leslie, Frank Richards and Addison Palmer were incorporators of the Pioneer and Historical Society of Muskingum County, and the first board of trustees were : C. C. Goddard, Rev. Frank Richards, H. S. Nye, M. D.. Addison Palmer, Henry Taylor, B. F. Leslie, H. D. Mun- PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 137 son, Sr., Edward Cass, M. D., Thomas McLees ; the officer were: H. D. Munson, president; vice president ; Wm. Gray, recording secretary; Mrs. F. C. Dietz, assistant recording secretary; Addison Palmer, corresponding secretary; Rev. Jefferson Chambers, treasurer ; R. J. J. Harkins, curator. The organization occupies rooms in the Memorial Building and is collecting records and relics of the county and preserving what will be of inestimable value to the historians of the future. THE WARD PARK ASSOCIATION. McIntire Terrace was platted by George N. Eaton and the dominating idea of the design was a suburb of homes with commodious grounds ; the interior streets were irregular in direction and alleys were unknown, and lots so formed that subdivision would prove inconvenient and undesirable. This intention was readily accepted by the pioneer lot purchasers, but later owners have made subdivisions, and the original plan has been destroyed. With the construction of the bridge at the foot of Fifth street intercourse with the Terrace was made easy and it was rapidly improved by beautiful homes, and the owners sought to make then attractive with trees, shrubbery and flowers; hogs, cows and horses roamed the streets at will and the rich lawns were a strong temptation to the four-footed marauders, who, in a few minutes, destroyed the labor and patience of year; fences did not protect as an open gate admitted animals and the city officials cultivated the votes of the owners by refusing to restrain them from injuring their more aesthetic neighbors. Continued losses induced the issuance of an invitation, through the Courier, to all citizens of the Eighth ward and McIntire Terrace to assemble on the lawn of Mr. David Lee, July 23, 1882, “to consider the expediency of taking concerted action respecting the improvement of McIntire Park and securing relief from the ravages of stock running at large." The attendance was gratifying and the meeting was called to order by Mr. Lee, who stated its purpose. when Thomas Griffith was chosen chairman and J. Hope Sutor acted as secretary. Much interest was manifested, the attendants spoke freely about their wrongs and it was resolved to form The Eighth Ward Park Association, with nine directors to conduct its business and Thomas Griffith, George D. Gibbons, Joseph T. Gorsuch, J. Hope Sutor, David Lee, William T. Maher, William Dunn, Parker N. Young and Edmund J. Brush were elected. A week later rules were adopted and committees appointed on finance, streets and sidewalks, membership, parks and public grounds, drainage and sewerage, destructive insects and the diseases of trees and shrubbery, and law and legislation ; and the directors organized by electing Mr. Griffith president, Mr. Lee vice president, Mr. Sutor secretary and Mr. Brush treasurer. An address upon the objects of the association was printed and distributed throughout the ward, in which it was stated that the association desired to secure "all the comforts possible and make life in Zanesville pleasant—by gathering around our homes, in our public streets and in our parks all the beauties that nature has so generously provided in innumerable varieties of form and color.—It will be necessary, in order to accomplish anything in this direction to compel a few persons to respect their neighbors' rights and property. The money, time and careful nursing expended on trees and shrubbery make them valuable property to the owner, and no person should be permitted to injure or destroy them." The movement met a hearty co-operation in the other residence wards and the' Seventh Ward Park and Lawn Association was incorporated August 26th, and the Putnam Park Association was incorporated November 29th, the organizations having been previously formed, and the incorporation was made for the same reasons that prompted the Eighth Ward Association to secure the right to sue. McIntire Park was enclosed by a fence, was neglected and parties were accustomed to turn cattle in during the night to graze and drive them out in the early morning ; the association endeavored to have this stopped but pettifogging city officials obstructed the design to enforce existing laws ; inquiry into the appropriations and disbursements on park account disclosed that the money had been misappropriated, and the faithless official was published, restitution was made but the council was so implicated in such practices that the investigation was made a "whitewash :" and to enable the association to prosecute offenders it was incorporated July 31, 1882. In November a man was employed to arrest cattle and drive them to the city lot, where the officers of the city turned them loose when the association's officer had disappeared. and by every method in their power the officers thwarted the organization in its work. A joint committee, composed of C. C. Goddard. L. E. Dodd, W. T. Maher. T. T. Thomas and W. D. Lash, of the Eighth : C. M. Vandenbark. G. D. Munson and J. A. Knigbt, of the Seventh, and M. M. Granger, J. C. Gillespie and E. L. Koethen. of the Putnam associations, was formed for co-operative purposes, and a joint meeting of all persons interested in the work of the organizations was called at the court house in May, 1883. and invitations extended to T. Hope Sutor, of the Eighth ; Homer White, of the Seventh, and 0. C. Farquhar, of the Ninth, to make addresses. 138 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Finally, Lieutenant Wm. Linton, whose fidelity as an officer was unquestioned, was employed to execute the law, but he was unable to cope with the entire city administration, and secure an observance of official oaths by recreant incumbents, and August 16, 1883, the last meeting of the association was held. The members did not cease their efforts to carry out the purposes of the organization and among the successes which attended their persistence were : regulation of the height to which shade trees should be trimmed; suppression of stock running at large ; the removal of fences around public and private grounds ; the reduction of the width of sidewalks and the cultivation of grass between the walk and the curb ; the appointment of park policemen, etc. The members of the association which influenced so much legislation, who were so vigorously denounced by the small fry politicians, each of whom the members have seen politically buried, were : G. G. Akerly, Willis Bailey, J. W. Bradshaw, Edmund J. Brush, John H. Dodd, L. E. Dodd, Wm. Dunn, I. N. England, J. G. England, Charles Gibbons, G. D. Gibbons, C. C. Goddard, J. T. Gorsuch, Charles Grant, L. M. Gray, Thomas Griffith, Charles H. Jones, W. D. Lash, David Lee, Thomas Lindsay, C. R. Long, John A. Magee, W. T. Maher, Alexander McConnell, Frank Mitchell, N. H. Moore, S. R. Moore, G. D. Munson, T. J. Newman, O. B. Perkins, J. D. Porter, John S. Price, Wm. Price. Wm. Snell, George H. Stewart, J. Hope Sutor, Enos F. Taylor, John J. Thomas and Parker N. Young. THE DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION was organized as a national body at Washington, D. C., October 11, 189o, and during the summer of 1893 Mrs. Edmund C. Brush called a few women of Zanesville together at her home to discuss the feasibility of forming a chapter of the society ; in October Muskingum Chapter was formed with Mrs. Fanny Russell Brush, regent; Mrs. Mary H. Granger, vice regent ; Mrs. Margaret M. Fulton. historian ; Miss Alice Searle, registrar ; Mrs. Mary Cox Spangler, treasurer ; Mrs. Jessie M. Lilienthal, secretary, and Mrs. Mary Brown Stanberv, Mrs. Mary Munson Moore, Miss Julia Munson, Mrs. Ella Brown Abbot, Mrs. Cornelia V. H. Black and Mrs. Minerva Nye Nash. Mrs. Brush served as regent for the first six years, and Mrs. M. M. Granger was state regent for two years : the chapter has contributed to the Francis Scott Key memorial: the Martha Washington monument ; Continental Hall ; Manila library, and during the Spanish-American war sent hospital supplies, magazines, papers, etc., to the soldiers. The public schools of the city have been furnished copies of the Declaration of Independence, and a tree has been planted on the court house esplanade. During 1902 an entertainment was given at Memorial Hall the benefit of the Helen Purcell Home, at which chapter presented "Early Zanesville in Picture and Story," in a series of historical tableaux to illustrative of pioneer life and founded on established facts. In addition to the original twelve members thirty-six ladies have been affiliated since the formation of the chapter. Elizabeth Zane chapter was organized of juniors but did not prove a vigorous body and was disbanded. KNIGHTS OF ST. GEORGE. Commandery No. 77 was organized in the basement of St. Nicholas church, June 20, 1887, wotj twenty-four men, and the following officers: Mat. Faller, captain; Fred. Gressel, first lieutenant; Oscar Geodler, second lieutenant ; Ed. Kellar, orderly sergeant; Charles Steil, quartermaster; Joseph Bauer, color bearer. The commandery is affiliated with the Knights of St. John Union, which embraces commanderies throughout the United States and Canada, and maintains an insurance feature. KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS. Zanesville Council, No. 505, was instituted Choral and Gold halls, Opera block. April 22 1900, by T. B. Monahan. with the following officers : H. T. Sutton, M. D., grand knight W. T. Morton, deputy grand knight ; C. W. McDonald financial secretary : P. V. Mulvey, recording secretary ; Thomas H. Fogarty, treasurer:, Brown, lecturer ; T. J. McDermott, advocate Rev. J. B. Schmitt, chaplain ; P. A. Carr, inner guard; A. J. Haughran, outer guard; E. Logsden, M. D., physician ; James Farahay, L. H. Dennis, F. E. Hemmer, Theodore Dosch and W. McDonald, trustees. Meetings are held at 2 p.m.on the second Sunday, and at 7:30 p. m. fourth Thursday, in each month. ANCIENT ORDER OF HIBERNIANS. Division No. I, was organized Aug 26, 1876, with the following officers : P. J. Kelley. county delegate and treasurer ; Michael Hayden, president ; Terrence Farmer, vice president: James T. Bradley, financial secretary; Michael Liston, recording secretary. YOUNG MEN'S INSTITUTE. Montgomery Council. No. 226. was organized in the basement of St. Thomas church, April 26, 1894. with one hundred and two charter members, the following being the first officers : Jame Mc- PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 139   Carty, president; A. J. McNalty, first vice president; E. F. McGovern, second vice president; P. D. McCann, treasurer ; Wm. Riley, recording secretary; Charles W. McShane, financial secretary; James Farahay, corresponding secretary; Patrick Mulvey and Patrick Carr, sentinels. The first rooms were in the Stone property, No. 41 North Sixth street, in June, 1894, and were removed to the Shinnick block in January, 1895; to the First National Bank building in February, 1897; to the Sharpe hall, in Fifth street, in September, 1898, and to the second story, in the old Masonic building, in September, 1902, where the meetings are now held. BANDS AND ORCHESTRAS The first musician of the settlement was Mess Johnson, John McIntire's colored servant, and the second, Thomas Dowden ; these two, for nearly two decades, furnished the music for all public purposes. Perry Wells came in 1820 and is reputed to have known "where the sweetest melodies slept.” The first band was a string and reed organization, about 1820, with Charles Hill, leader, Wm. Lattimore, Robert Hazlett and James V. Cushing, violin; Wm. Hadley, violoncello ; John Lattimore, clarinet, David Spangler, bassoon ; Isaac Spangler, triangle Benjamin Reed, drum. In 1829 the Zanesville Harmonic Band was formed and maintained an existence until 1835; its members were, James Hough, leader ; A. C. Ross, clarinet John Parker, flute ; D. J. Culbertson, piccolo; Henry W. Kent, bugle ; HamilJames Fortune, drum. The Mechanic’s Band was organized in 1836 and disbanded ten years later ; its members were : Thomas Launder, leader, C. Purcell, Monroe Ayers, Bush Eggerman, J. B. H. Bratshaw, John Alter, Daniel Hatton, John Printz, Jesse Fox, Cass Alter, Alva Rivers. Daniel Baldwin, L. Page, Jackson Printz and Fred. Drone. Its services were gratuitous and it received compensation once only, at the commencement exercises at Muskingum College, New Concord, in 1841. Atwood’s Band was was the first brass band and ws organized in Zanesville in 1847, with A. D. , Atwood, leader, David Hahn, John Bauer, Casper Bauer, Philip Cassell, Charles Roper, Thomas Launder, David Kahn, Timothy Webb, Emerson Howe and Charles Dulty. As Atwood traveled with a circus during the summer the organization was disbanded and in 1855 the band reorganized as Bauer's Band, and is today led by the veteran, John Bauer, who has been a member nearly sixty years ; the charm of the musical technique of this matured band is not surpassed, except in volume, by more pretentious organizations. Heck's Band, organized in the fall of 1856, with ten members, and Heck's orchestra, of 1875, with seventeen members, were accompliShed but short lived bodies. Numerous other bands had brief careers and no records are left of their existence. About 1871 the Muskingum Cornet Band was organized by some of the most prominent young men of the period, and now among the city's active business men. They were given the sobriquet of "Buttermilks," because of an incident which occurred at a Knights Templar picnic, at New Lexington, which the band attended in a professional capacity. The day was extremely sultry and a thirsty knight found a quantity of fresh, cold buttermilk at a spring house, and purchased the supply. The band was summoned to the refreshment and a rival band twitted them on their abstinence and declared that horns could not be filled on buttermilk, but they were, and on other occasions the "Buttermilks" filled their instruments without even this thin beverage. The members of the band, as appears from a photograph and the recollections of members, are given for the period of its existence, some of the original members having dropped out : W. H. Wilmot and Louis Heck, leaders ; Charles E. Munson and George Conyers, E flat cornet ; A. Frank Munson, Edward B. Haver. Edward Roper and Hazlett Conyers, B flat cornet ; Albert W. Hack, J. K. Arnold and J. A. Hunter. alto : T. F. Spangler and S. C. Abbott, tenor ; John H. Drake, L. R. Ray and C. E. Kahler, baritone ; G. A. Allen and Sam. H. John, tuba ; W. A. Scott and Marion Snoots, snare drum ; Edward P. Waters and Frank Ryan, cymbals ; Joseph W. Garside, bass drum. The last public appearance of the band was in the parade in celebration of the one hundredth anniversary of American independence, July 4, 1876. The Seventh Regiment Band has had a varied experience and passed through several reorganizations, and like many other social associations its records have not been preserved and the changes did not make sufficient impression to enable the participants to fix dates after the lapse of a few years. It originated about 1887 as the Sons of Veterans' Band, with Wm. Huff as leader and teacher, and the former hose house at the corner of Main and Ninth streets was the place of assembly ; later the name was changed to the Excelsior Band and again to the Zanesville City Band ; when R. B. Tomlinson became leader the name was changed to Tomlinson's Military Band and later it was mustered into the Ohio National Guard as the First Regiment Light Artillery Band. As only a battalion of the regiment was mustered into the federal service during the Spanish-American war the regimental officers, hospital corps and band were not called into service and as the regiment was mustered out of the National Guard service upon the conclusion 140 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. of the war, the band resumed its former name of Tomlinson's Military Band. Upon the organization of the Seventh. Regiment of Infantry, Ohio National Guard, it became the regimental band under the leadership of A. J. Senhauser. SINGING SOCIETIES. The Concordia, a German society, was formed in 1854 and flourished several years ; the Mannerchoir began its existence in 1859 and was broken up by the Civil war ; the Frohsinn was organized in 1865 but some essential voices were lacking and it suspended after two years to be reorganized in 1878 and to dissolve later. The Harmonie was formed in November, 1872, from members of former societies and disbanded in December, 1874. During the winter of 1879-80 the Mannerchoir was reorganized but was unable to maintain itself ; December 5, 1879, the German Singing Society was formed, but business and social engagements prevented its permanency. The Choral Association was organized January I, 1879, with nearly two hundred members, but as the average attendance was one hundred it could not assemble at dwellings and the expenses of a suitable hall and scores for so many vocalists were heavier than could be borne and the association suspended. The Mendelssohn Glee Club, a male quartette, succeeded it composed of J. D. Luse, leader and first tenor ; Hiram Waller, second tenor ; J. J. Ingalls, first bass. and James Cox, second bass, all of whom had been members of the Choral Association ; the last three named are deceased and the first left the city many years ago. The "Arions" were a notable organization in their time of activity, and produced a number of operas in a manner that rivaled the efforts of professionals. The Bohemian Girl, Pinafore, Patience, Chimes of Normandy, and similar conceptions were in their repertoire, and although a number of the members are living in the city very little information respecting the organization can be obtained; the activity of the club was during the 'nineties. The Zanesville Fortnightly Musical Club is not a vocal but an instrumental organization and was formed in the fall of 1895 by Miss Helen Maginms, who became the first president ; the membership was limited to thirty and confined to young women ; meetings were private during afternoons and were devoted to the study of various composers and schools of music ; occasional public concerts, or recitals, were given and the club was instrumental in bringing g00d music to Zanesville. After eight years the constitution was entirely remodeled, membership was made unlimited, men were admitted, meetings were held during evenings and in a hall. At the close ninth year the club is prosperous and progressive and the present officers are : Miss Katherine S. Stanbery, president ; Mrs. Charles Culver, vice president ; Mr. Florien'Frazier, secretary and treasurer ; Mr. Willis A. Bailey, chairman if the musical committee. FINE ARTS. The artists of Zanesville are not unknown to fame ; among the first limners of the city was Thomas Cole, the painter of the "Course of Empire" and "The Voyage of Life," of whom William Cullen Bryant said, in his funeral oration, "had a fixed reputation and was numbered among the men of whom our country has reason to be proud." He was here in the early "twenties” and his portraits, of old residents are in many homes in the city. J. P. Barton painted his first picture in 1842 and devoted his talents to oil. His "Yosemite Valley," and his replica of Murillo's "Assumption of the Blessed Virgin," have established his fame. "Jack" Howland's vigorous brush has portrayed the grandeur of the Rocky Mountain region so faithfully that one can hear the awful stillness of the scene ; and Charles Craig's "Custer's Last Charge" and "The Chariot Race," require no encomium. Howard Chandler Christie is a Muskingum county boy whose talents were unappreciated when a few years ago he was sketching around Duncan's Falls instead of attending to his teacher's instructions, but now his fame is national and approaching world-wide. In water colors, crayon, placque and pottery decoration the list is so extensive names are omitted because of the inability to enumerate all who are worthy of mention. The art pottery works have developed professional work but the most notable creations are in the amateur line. Among the societies which have exist for the cultivation of art none was more popular in its day than the Murdock Club, an amateur dramatic club which flourished during the 'seventies and gave recitals to honorary members in Black’s Music Hall, at least monthly ; there were perhaps thirty active members and several hundred honorary members, the latter paying a fixed annual sum towards expenses for which the former gave monthly drama or comedy. Muskmgum county has sent many of the young people to other fields of usefulness, and for no other reason than that their talent were unappreciated at home ; the home soil is productive of talent but incapable of developing it to maturity. This was true with respect to Virna Wood, who was born at Wilmington, Ohio; and PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 141 came to Zanesville while quite young; she attended the public schools and graduated from the high school at the age of sixteen ; as a pupil she was a writer and in 1882 moved, with her father’s family, to Sacramento, California, where she continued her studies and became an accomplished writer and speaker of Greek, French, German and Spanish, as she was in Latin. From her California home she issued Jason Hildreth's Identity a story descriptive of Zanesville scenes and persons, which attested the deep impression they had made upon her and the affection she had for the old town which had been indifferent to her ability; the Amazon, a lyrical drama, was another production which was favorably received by the critics. It was in dramatic composition, however, that she excelled and made her reputation. Horatius, a heroic drams, in five acts, was written for d produced by him in September, 1901: when the intelligence of its successful presentation and popular approval reached Sacramento the various art. musical and literary societies of the city united in a reception to the state capitol, which had been tastefully and elaborately decorated for the occasion. Her next production was Lord Strathmore, a melodrama, which was produced by one of Mr. Warde’s company, in the title role during the season of 1902-3, and she was employed in the completion of Charles IX, for the season of 1903-4, when pneumonia ender her career. March 7, 1903. The Frederick Warde Company was playing Horatius at Sacramento during the last week in February, 1903, and one night, after the performance the entire company assembled at her home to honor the genius that had produced so successful a play; she contracted a cold which developed into the disease that ended her life one week later, at which time the company was playing at San Francisco, and as a tribute of their esteem a benefit performance for her parents was given which netted $700.00.