50 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. decided upon townships and established the county seat at McConnelsville. To justify this and reconcile the eastern portion of the county, it was held out as an inducement, that the territory which is now sought, and which should be erected into Noble County, was sufficient to create a. new county, and that it would be done at no very distant day; and your memorialists, with respect, but positively, allege that the idea of creating a new county in this territory not only materially influenced the determination to fix the seat of justice at McConnelsville, but was still more material in reconciling your memorialists and others to the location of the seat of justice so far from the center of the territory and population. That after the county was organized and taxes levied, of which your memorialists paid their proportion, to defray the expenses of organization and the erection of public buildings, in 1819 (see vol. 18, p. 4), a portion of the eastern part, including two entire townships on the eastern side of Morgan, were by your honorable body attached to Monroe County. At the time of this annexation, as well as at the erection of Morgan County and locating the seat of justice at McConnelsville, General Robert McConnel was the proprietor of the tract of land adjoining and on which the town of McConnelsville was located, residing in the County of Muskingum ; and adding the aforesaid townships to Monroe County, already large in territory, was to more effectually divide the territory that should be included in the County of Noble between the Counties of Morgan and Monroe, and weaken the claims and increase opposition to the new county. And although it is most apparent that in. forming the original boundaries of Morgan County, the location of the seat of justice, and in transferririg a part of the territory of Morgan County to Monroe, there was much forecast and sagacity, yet it operated unequally and unjustly on the population of that territory, and still continues to do. so. The subject of the new county to be formed of this territory, from that time to this, has never been lost sight of by its inhabitants. It has continued to increase in wealth and population ; embracing a small part of the south side of Guernsey County, the eastern part of Morgan County, the, western part of Monroe County, and a small part of the most northern part of Washington County. "By the formation and its geographical position, this territory should be united, in justice to its inhabitants, as well fully and properly to develop its resources. The new county, properly formed, would soon stand forward among the best in the eastern part of the State of Ohio. As the lines of the respective counties now exist, the inhabitants within the territory are placed at great, and from the formation of the country, at most inconvenient distances from the respective county seats. The new county, properly formed, would leave sufficient territory in the respective counties of Guernsey, Mon- THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 51 roe, Washington and Morgan, and their respective lines and boundaries more regular and less deformed than at present, and their respective seats of justice equally and more central than they now are. The new county would present regular lines, conforming to the country, and leave no one extreme point more than fifteen miles from the center.. Your memorialists believe that the cost of organizing the new county and erecting the public buildings would not be onerous to the taxpayers but they are satisfied from the experience of the past, that the amount of money paid by the inhabitants of this territory in attending at their respective county seats, including money paid for bills and loss of time, exceeds: the amount of tax now paid, or that would have to be paid if the new county were formed. The amount of debt owing by Monroe County, and the public property and public buildings lately obtained and commenced in Morgan County, and the contemplated erection of further public buildings in Morgan County, would and will inflict greater and more increased taxation on' -inhabitants of the largest portion of this territory than would be necessary to raise if the new county were erected. But aside from all other considerations, if there are any advantages arising from the civil organization of counties, as they believe there are, your memorialists are entitled to them in the County of Noble, and most respectfully entreat a careful regard to the subject, and its erection at your present session." This memorial was signed by James Kyle, Samuel A. Long, David McGarry, John Wiley, John McKee, Joseph Caldwell, John McGarry, Robert McKee, Charles Harwood, Gilman Dudley, Alfred L. Morrison, Joseph Archer, Ambrose Merry, James Archer, Joseph Archer, John Lanam, Samuel Caldwell, Lewis Smoot, Sr., Thomas Wiley, Samuel Sailor, James Archibald, Sr:, John Brown, David Wilson, Dennis Gibbs, William Tilton, James Ogle, John Caldwell, Matthew Garvin, William Bell, Sr., James Garvin, Boneyparty Stretchbury, Isaac Bates, Samuel Anderson, Daniel Bates, Andrew Nicholson, G. W. Morrison, James Watson, John Clowser, Royal Fowler, Lemuel Fowler, Sr., Ezekiel, Bates, James Barry, Lambert Newton, Jonas Bell, Josiah Burlingame, and Richard Duvall. The legislature of 1849 failed to pass an act creating the county and the memorial was strengthened by the addition of more signatures and presented to the legislature of 1850. At the election of 1850, Ezra McKee, who lived in that part of Morgan county seeking to be included in the county of Noble, was elected representative from Morgan county. Two of his brothers, John and Robert McKee, were signers of the memorial, and he was heartily in favor of the erection of the new county. His election was a great encouragement to the advocates of the proposition, and when the assembly met a number of lobbyists were at the capital to use what influence they could to 52 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE secure the passage of an act creating the county. Foremost among these lobbyists was Samuel McGarry, who had been in attendance at every session of the legislature since 1846, doing what he could to secure the establishment of the new county.* At the previous sessions considerable opposition to the project had been manifest, but at the session of 1850 this dwindled away. A bill to create the county of Noble was introduced early in the session, but it did not become a law until March 11, 1851, when it was signed by John F. Morse, speaker of the house of representatives, and Charles C. Conyers, president of the senate. Besides establishing the county of Noble the act provided for the re-adjustment of the boundaries of some of the counties affected by the measure. The sections relating to Noble county were: as follow: "Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, That so much of the counties of Washington, Morgan, Guernsey and Monroe as is included in the boundaries hereinafter described be and the same is hereby enacted into a separate and distinct county, to be known and designated by the name of Noble, to-wit: Beginning at the southwest corner of township number 5, in range number 9 in Morgan County ; thence mirth to the northwest corner of said township 5 ; thence west to the southwest corner of section number 34 in township number 7, in range number 10 ; thence north on section lines to the north line of said township 7 ; thence west to the northwest corner of said township 7 ; thence north to the southwest corner of Guernsey County ; thence east to the southwest corner of township number 8, in range number 9 in said county ; thence north to the northwest corner of section number 18 in said township 8 ; thence east on section lines to the east line of said township eight; thence north to the northeast corner of said township 8 ; thence east to the southwest corner of section number 22 in township number 1, of range number 1 of the military lands ; thence north to the northwest corner of section number 19 in said township 1; thence east on section lines to the east line of said township 1; thence north to the northwest corner' of township number 8, in range number 7 in said Guernsey County ; thence east to the west line of Belmont County ; thence south to the southwest ,corner of Belmont County ; thence west to the southwest corner of section number 19 in said township 8, in range 7 ; thence south on section lines to the northwest corner of section number 19, in township number 6, in range number 7 in Monroe County; thence east to the northeast corner of section number 13 in said township number 6 ; thence south on section lines to the *Samuel McGarry was a lawyer of Sarahsville and one of the leading citizens of the community. After the creation of Noble county he was the first county treasurer,, afterward serving for several years as the' probate judge of the county. THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 53 southeast corner of section number 18, in township number 4,. in range number 7 in Washington County ; thence west to the east line of township number 5, in range number 8 in said county ; thence north to the northeast corner of section number 25 in said township 5 ; thence west to the southwest corner of section number 23 ; thence north to the northwest corner of said section 23 ; thence west to the southwest corner of section number 15 ; thence north to the southwest corner of section number 10 ; thence west to the southwest corner of section number 8; thence north to the northwest corner of section number 8 ; thence west to the west line of said township number 5, in said range number 8 ; thence south to the southeast corner of Morgan Cbunty ; thence west to the place of beginning. "Sec. 3. That all suits, whether of a civil or criminal nature, which shall be pending in those parts of Washington, Morgan, Guernsey and Monroe Counties so set of and erected into a new county, and within those parts of Washington County hereby. attached to and made a part of the County. of Monroe, previous to the first Monday in April, eighteen hundred and fifty-one, shall be prosecuted to final judgment and execution within the counties from which such parts shall be taken, the same as if this act: had not been passed ; and the officers of such counties respectively shall execute all such process as shall be necessary to carry into. effect such suits, prosecutions and judgments; and the collectors of taxes of said counties respectively. shall collect all taxes that shall have been levied and remain unpaid in the said several portions of said counties, at the time of the passage of this act, the same as if this act had not been passed. "Sec. 4. That all justices of the peace and other township officers within those parts of the counties of Washington, Morgan, Guernsey and Monroe which are hereby erected into the County of Noble, and within that part of Washington County hereby attached to and made a part of the County of Monroe, shall continue to exercise the. functions and discharge the duties of their respective offices until their respective terns of service shall expire, and until their successors shall be duly elected an.d qualified, in the same manner as if they had been commissioned or elected for said new County of Noble or for the county to which they may be attached ; and all writs and other process within the territory hereby erected into said new County of Noble, shall be styled as of said County of Noble, on and after the first .day of April, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one. "Sec. 5., That the legal voters residing within the limits of the County of Noble shall, on the first. Monday in in the year eighteen hundred and fifty-one, 'assemble .in. their respective townships, at the usual places of holding elections therein, and proceed to elect the county officers for said county, as prescribed in the act to regulate elections, who shall hold their offices until the next annual 54 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. election, and until their successors shall be duly elected and qualified. And at said first election all the voters residing in fractional townships taken from Monroe County shall vote in the townships immediately west thereof those residing in fractional townships taken from Washington County shall vote in the townships immediately north thereof those residing in fractional townships taken from Morgan County shall vote in the townships immediately east thereof and those residing in fractional townships taken from Guernsey County shall vote in the townships immediately east and south thereof and the clerks of the several townships included in the County of Noble shall give twenty days' notice of said election, which notices shall be in writing and posted up at the usual places of holding elections in their several townships. "Sec. 6. The Commissioners of the Counties of Washington, Morgan, Monroe and Guernsey shall have power, immediately on the passage of this act, to attach the fractional townships made so by this act to the other townships, or to organize such fractional townships into separate townships in their respective counties; and this power shall extend to the commissioners of the County of Noble to dispose of the fractional townships included within the limits made by this act. "Sec. 7. 'The said County of Noble is hereby attached to and made a part of the eighth judicial circuit of the State of Ohio; and the court of common pleas and the supreme court of the said County of Noble shall be holden at some 'convenient house therein, to be designated by the associate' judges thereof, until the permanent seat 'of justice of said County of Noble shall be established, according to law "Sec. 8. That George McCullough, of Jefferson County, Martin Heckard, of Meigs County, and Lafayette Emmett, of Knox County, be and they are hereby appointed commissioners to fix upon and locate the seat of justice of said County of Noble, agreeably to the provisions of the act entitled 'An Act for the Establishment of Seats of Justice.' "Sec. 9. That nothing herein contained shall be so construed as `to alter or change any representative, senatorial or congressional district. "Sec. 11. That nothing contained in this act shall be so construed as in anywise to operate as a release or discharge of any person, residing within the territory taken from the County of Guernsey by this act, from any State, county, township or other tax heretofore assessed and levied by the officers of said Guernsey County, or on account of any tax hereafter to be levied upon the real or personal property on account of any subscription to any railroad company heretofore made or hereafter to be made in pursuance of any vote THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 55 heretofore taken in said Guernsey County, and that the same shall be forever a lien upon the said property the same as if the said territory had not be'en detached from the County of Guernsey. "Sec. 12. The officers in the County of Guernsey, whose duty it shall be to assess and collect any tax hereafter to be levied for the payment of the principal or interest of any railroad subscription hereafter to be made in pursuance of a vote heretofore taken in favor of such subscription, shall proceed to levy and collect the proportionate share of the same off the property in the territory taken from the County of Guernsey by this act, the same as if said property remained in the County of Guernsey ; and the said officers are hereby invested with all the powers in the collection of the same as are provided by law for the collection of State or county taxes." As the description of the boundaries as given in section one of the organic act are somewhat technical, a more general description may enable the reader to form a clearer conception of the origin of the county. The townships of Beaver Wayne, Seneca, and Buffalo were taken from Guernsey county; Marion, Stock, Enoch, nearly two-thirds of the eastern side of Center, and all of Elk, except four square miles of the south end, were taken from Monroe ; Olive, Jackson, Sharon, Noble, Brookfield, and the western part of Center, were taken from Morgan ; the four square miles that form the southern part of Elk township, and that part of Jefferson lying directly west, originally belonged to Washington county. Immediately after the passage of the act creating the county, steps were taken to carry out its provisions. In pursuance of section five, an election was held on Monday, April 7, and the following county officers were elected: Robert Barclay, auditor; Samuel. McGarry, treasurer ; Joseph Schofield, sheriff Jabez Belford, prosecuting attorney ; Robert Hellyer, recorder ; John H. Jeffries, surveyor ; Jacob Lyons, John Noble, and Timothy Smith commissioners. On April 3, the commissioners who had been appointed to locate the county seat gave twenty days notice of the time and place of meeting, and at the expiration of that time they made the following report: "The undersigned George McCullough, of the County of Jefferson ; Martin Heckard, of the County of Meigs ; and Lafayette Emmett, of the County of Knox, commissioners appointed to fix upon and locate the seat of justice of Noble County by the act entitled 'An Act to Erect the County of Noble,' passed March 11, 1851, having agreeably to the provisions of the act entitled 'An Act Establishing Seats of Justice,' passed February 3, 1824, previously given twenty days notice to the inhabitants of the said County of Noble, of the time, place and purpose of our meeting, met pursuant to said notice on Wednesday, the 23d day of April, 1851, at Sarahsville, in said county, for the purpose of fixing upon and locating the seat of justice 56 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. of said Noble County, and alter having been duly sworn according to law, proceeded to the discharge of our duties as commissioners aforesaid; and having duly and carefully examined the different localities pointed out by the inhabitants of said county, and duly weighed the arguments in favor of each, we do fix upon and locate the seat of justice of said County of Noble at the town of Sarahsville, in said county." The report was dated at Sarahsville, April 24, 1851, and signed by all three of the commissioners. The location of the county seat was the last act necessary to fulfill the requirements of the organic law, and on April 29, 1851, the newly elected county commissioners met for the first time in their official capacity. Chapter V. EARLY CIVIL INSTITUTIONS-FIRST COURTS-NEW OFFICERS INSTALLED - REORGANIZATION OF TOWNSHIPS - BOUNDARIES CHANGES AFTERWARD MADE-ELECTION FOR JUSTICES OF THE PEACE-SUCCESSFUL CANDIDATES- SETTLEMENT WITH ADJOINING COUNTIES-TIMES AND PLACES OF MEETING-FIRST NEWSPAPERS-AN ECHO OF THE LOCATION OF THE COUNTY SEAT-OFFICES RENTED FOR THE COUNTY OFFICERS-FIRST TAX LEVY —A JAIL ORDERED- DESCRIPTION OF THE BUILDING-COST - TROUBLE WITH THE CONTRACTOR- FINALLY ACCEPTED- A COUNTY SEAT WAR INAUGURATED-SECTIONAL DIFFERENCES IN POLITICS—ACT OF 1854—SPECIAL ELECTION ORDERED- ANIMATED CAMPAIGN-ANALYSIS OF THE VOTE-PARTY OF THE SOUTH VICTORIOUS-LITIGATION-PLAT OF CALDWELL SURVEYED-TOWN NAMED-SITE DEEDED TO THE COMMISSIONERS BY SAMUEL CALDWELL-CONTRACT FOR COURT HOUSE-TEMPORARY QUARTERS-FIRST SALE OF LOTS-FIRST NEWSPAPER IN CALDWELL-BOARDING SHANTY—ORDER TO REMOVE COUNTY OFFICES—NEW JAIL-FIRST HOTELS-ANOTHER NEWSPAPER -EARLY CHURCHES-COUNTY INFIRMARY ESTABLISHED—INFLUENCES OF THE CIVIL WAR. PRIOR to the location of the county seat or the election of county officers the first session of the court of common pleas was held at the town of Olive, the record of that first court being as follows: "Minutes of a court of common pleas held at the office of Robert McKee in the town of Olive, in the County of Noble, in the State of Ohio. "The State of Ohio; Noble County, SS: Be it remembered that on the first day of April, A. D. 1851, William Smith, Gilman Dudley and Patrick Finley, Esquires, produced commissions from his excellency, Reuben Wood, Governor of Ohio, appointing each of them associate judges of the court Of common pleas of Noble County; also certificates on their several commissions that they and each of them had taken the oath of allegiance and office. Whereupon a court of common pleas was holden for the county of Noble on the first day of 58 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. April, 1851, at the office of Robert McKee, in the Town of Olive in the said county of Noble: present, the Hon. William Smith, Gilman Dudley and Patrick Finley, associate judges of said county. "Appointment of Clerk.—It is ordered by the court that Isaac Q. Morris be appointed clerk of this court until the next term thereof. Thereupon the said Isaac Q. Morris appeared and gave bond according to law, and gave the necessary oath of office. "Ordered that the court of common pleas and the supreme court in and for the County of Noble be held at the Methodist meeting house. at Olive, in Noble County, until the permanent seat of justice of Noble County be fixed according to law. "Whereupon the court adjourned sine die.. "WILLIAM SMITH, "Presiding Associate Judge." The second term of court was held in the Methodist church at Olive, beginning on June 19, 1851. At this session Archibald G. Brown, judge of the eighth judicial district, presided, the three associate judges also being present, as well as the new sheriff, Joseph Schofield. Three cases were tried. TWo of these were adjudicated by the court and ,the third was tried by a jury composed of Benjamin Tilton, Simeon Blake, Samuel Marquis, Jacob Crow, Jacob Fogle, John Mitchell, W. P. McIntyre, William Tracy, David McGarry, William J. Young, John McGarry, and Dr. David McGarry. This was the first jury ever impaneled by the courts of Noble county. The case it was called to try, was one on appeal, from the common pleas court of Morgan county, in which John Liming charged Absalom Willey with defrauding him in a horse trade. During the session the court ordered .an election for justices of the peace in the several townships appointed William Reed, Benjamin Mott, and Benjamin S. Spriggs school examiners for a term of three years; accepted the bond of Prosecuting Attorney Belford issued naturalization papers to James Best, formerly a citizen of England appointed Luke Dilley and James McCune county auctioneers; and transacted a number of minor matters. When the board of county commissioners met on April 29 the county officers, who had been elected on the 7th of the month, filed their bonds and entered upon their duties. On the first day of the term a number of petitions were presented to the board, asking for the erection of new townships or for changes in the township lines. The petitions were examined and laid, over until the following day when they were taken up again, and made the special order for Thursday, May 1. On the final hearing the townships of Jefferson, Center, Sharon, Stock and Wayne were erected and the boundaries of all the others, except Jackson, were altered. According to the records of THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 59 the commissioners court of Noble county the boundaries established at that time were as follows.: Beaver Township, altered so as to include and be composed of the following territory, to-wit: "Commencing for the same at the southeast corner of section 1, in township number 8 of range 7 ; thence north along the range line to the northeast corner of section 6 in said township and range; thence west along said township line to the northwest corner of the east half of section 30 in said township and range thence south through the center of said sections 30, 29, 28, 27, 26, and 25, to the southwest corner of the east half of said section 25 in said township; thence east along the township line to the place of beginning: containing 27 sections." Brookfield, as originally organized by the commissioners of Morgan county, was a full congressional township of thirty-six sections. In the reorganization by the Noble county authorities the boundaries were fixed "commencing at the southeast corner of section 35 in township number 7, of range 10 ; thence north along the section line to the northeast corner of section 2, in said township and range; thence west along said township line to the northwest corner thereof ; thence south along said township line to the southwest corner thereof ; thence east along said township line to the place of beginning; containing thirty sections." The boundaries of Buffalo township began "at the southeast corner of section 36 in township number 8 of range 9 ; thence north along said township line to the northeast corner of section 13 in said township and range; thence west along the section line to the northwest corner of section 18 in said township ship and range ; thence south along said township line to the southwest corner of section 31 in said township and range; thence east along said township, line to the place of beginning; containing twenty-four sections. The boundaries of Center, one of the new townships, were fixed: "Commencing at the southeast corner of section 28,* in township, number 7, of range 8; thence north along the section line to the northeast corner of section four, in said township 7, range 8 ; thence west along the township line to the northwest corner of section two, in township number 7, and range number 9 ; thence south along the section line to the southwest corner of section 35, in said township number 7, and range number 9 ; thence east along the township line to the place of beginning; containing thirty sections." The boundaries of Elk township were altered to commence "at the southeast corner of section 1-8 in township number 4 of range num- *The record says " Section 38 " but as there are but thirty-six sections in a township of the original survey such a number is out of the question. As a matter of fact, the southeast corner of Center township is located at the southeast corner of section 28, which was doubtless the one intended in the record. THE COUNTY QF NOBLE - 60 ber 7 ; thence north along the section line across township number 5 of range number 7, to the northeast corner of section 13 in township. number 6 of range number 7 ; thence west along the section line to the seventh range line; thence south along the seventh range line to the southwest corner of section 36 in township number 4 of range number 7 ; thence east along the section line to the place of beginning: containing 32 sections." The boundaries of Enoch township were established, "commencing at the .southwest corner of section 31 in township 6 and range 8 ; thence east along said township, line to the southeast corner of section 33 in said township and range; thence north along the section line to the southwest corner of section 27 in said township, and range; thence east along the section line to. the southeast corner of said section 27, thence north along the section line to the northeast corner of section 10 in said township and range; thence west to the northwest corner of said section 10 ; thence north to the northeast corner of section 4 in said township and range ; thence west along the township line to the northwest corner of said township number 6 and range 8 ; thence south along said township line to the; place of beginning: containing twenty-two sections." Jackson township, which embraces a full congressional township, remains as it was established by the Morgan county authorities in 1819. In fixing the, boundaries of Jefferson county the commissioners had one of the hardest problems relating to township lines. Along the southern border of Noble county there was a diversity of opinion as to the necessity for the erection of a new county. After the passage of the organic act some of the residents in that section. wanted to be included, in the new county while others were just as desirous of being left out. In order to satisfy all these, the southern boundary of the township presents. a. rather peculiar appearance upon the map. The lines were finally fixed : "Commencing on the seventh range line, at the southeast corner of section 24, in township number 5, of range 8 ; thence north along the seventh range line to the northeast corner of section 24 in township number 6, of range 8 ; thence west along the, section lines to the northwest corner of section 23, in township 6; range 8 ; thence south along the section lines to the northeast corner of section 34, in township 6, range 8 ; thence west to the northwest. corner of said section 34 ; thence south to the. southwest corner of said section 34; thence west along the township line to the northwest corner of township, number 5, range 8 ; thence along said township line to the southwest corner of section 6 in said township number 5 of range 8 ; thence east to the southeast corner of said section 6 ; then south to the southwest corner of section 8, in township number 5, range 8 ; thence east to the southeast corner of section 9, in township, number 5, of range 8 ; thence south to the southwest car- THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 61 ner of section; 15, in township number, 5, of range 8 ; thence east to the southeast corner of said section ; thence south to the southwest corner of section 23 in township number 5, range 8; thence east to the place of beginning containing 23 sections." Marion township was formed from the fractional townships taken from Union and Seneca townships of Monroe county. The eastern half of the new township came from Seneca andthe western half from Union. The boundaries fixed by the commissioners of Noble county were: "Commencing on the seventh range line at the southwest corner of section 31, in township number 7 of range 7 ; thence east along said township line to the southeast corner of section 25 in said township number 7 and range 7 ; thence north along the, section lines to the northeast corner of section 30 in said township number 7 and range 7; thence west along said township line to the northwest corner f section 36 in said township number 7 and range 7 ; thence south along the seventh range line to the northeast corner of section 1 in township number 7 of range 8 ; thence west along the said township line to the northwest corner of section 3 in said township 7 and range 8 thence south along the section line to, the southwest corner of section 22 in said township number 7 and range 8; thence east along the section lines to the seventh range line ; thence north to the place of beginning: containing twenty-four sections." The record regarding Noble township reads : "Commencing at the southeast corner of section 34, in township number 7 of range 9 ; thence north to the northeast corner of section 3, in said township number 7, range 9 ; thence west along the township line to the northwest corner of section 1, in township number 7, of range 10; thence east along the township line to the place of beginning: containing thirty sections." Olive township, lying directly south of Noble, began "at the southeast corner of section 36, in township number 6 of range 9 ; thence north to the northeast corner of said township number 6 of range. 9 ; thence west along said township line to the northwest corner of the east half of section. 5 in said township number 6 and range 9 ; thence south through the center of sections number 5, 8, 17, 20, 29, and 32 to the southwest corner of the east half of section 32 in said township number 6, and range 9 ; thence along said township line to the place of beginning: containing twenty-seven sections." The boundaries of Seneca township were altered: "Commencing at the southeast corner of section 36, in township number 8, range number 8 ; thence north along the seventh range line to the northeast corner of section 13 in said township and range; thence west along section lines to the northwest corner of section 18 in said township and range; thence south along the range line to the southwest corner 62 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. of section 31, in said township and range; thence east to the place of beginning : containing 24 sections." Sharon township was erected to provide for the fractional townships taken from Morgan county. The boundaries begin "at the' southeast corner of the west half of section 32, in township number 6, of range number 9 ; thence north through the center of sections 32, 29, 20, 17, 8, and 5 to the northeast corner of the west half of section 5, in said township number 6 and range 9 ; thence west along township lines to the northwest corner of section 3, in township number 6 and range 10 ; thence south along section lines to the southwest corner of section 34 in said township and range; thence east along township lines to the place of beginning: containing twenty-seven sections." Stock township, next to Jefferson, has the most irregular boundary lines of any township in the county. These lines are described on the commissioners' record as "commencing on the seventh range line at the southwest corner of section 32 in township number 6 of range number 7 ; thence east along the section lines to the southeast corner of section 26 in said township number 6 of range number 7 ; thence north along section lines to the' northeast. corner of section 30 in said township and range; thence west along said township line to the seventh range line; thence south along the seventh range line to the northeast corner of section 25 in township 7, range 8 ; thence west along section lines to the northwest corner of section 27 in said township number 7 and range 8 ; thence' south along section lines to the southwest, corner of section 3 in township number 6 and range ,8 ; thence east to the northwest corner of section 4 in said township number 6 of range 8 ; thence south along the section line to the southwest corner of section 14 in said township number 6 of range 8 ; thence east along the section line to the seventh range line; thence north along the seventh range line to the place of beginning: containing twenty-three sections." Wayne township is also made up of the fractional townships taken from Richland, Beaver, and Wright townships of Guernsey county, and contains four sections of the military lands—all there is in Noble county. The record describes the boundaries as "commencing on the seventh range line at the southwest corner of section 31, in township number 8, of range 7 ; thence east along the south line of said township to the southeast corner of the west half of section 25 in said township ; thence north through the. center of sections number 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30 to the north line of said township; thence west along the north line of said township to the seventh range line; thence south along said seventh range: line to the northeast corner of section 20 in the first township Of the seventh range of military lands in the Zanesville district; thence west to the northwest corner of section 19, in THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 63 said township number 1 and range 1 as aforesaid ; thence south. to the southwest corner of section 22 in said township number 1, range 1, on the Ludlow line; thence west along the Ludlow line to. the northwest- corner of section 6, in township number .8 of range 8 thence south to the southwest corner of section 7, in said township number 8 and range 8; thence east to the southeast corner of section 12, in said township number 8 and range 8 ; thence south along the seventh range line to the place of beginning: containing twenty-five sections." During the next three years a ,.few changes in the boundaries, as established by this first order, were made. The first of these was in March, 1852, when the commissioners, in response to a petition signed by twenty-five citizens, ordered the west half of sections 25, 26, and 27, and the east half of. sections 31, 32, and 33 to be taken from Wayne township and annexed to Beaver..' On March 7, 1854, a petition signed by fourteen persons was .presented to the board of county commissioners asking for a change in the line between Elk and Stock townships. As a result of this petition sections 25 and 31 in Elk township were attached to Stock. In June, 1855. twenty-eight tax-payers petitioned for a readjustment of the line between Center and Enoch townships, and the commissioners ordered that sections 31, 32, and 33 . be taken from Center and attached to Enoch.. At the September term, of the same year, Abraham Bryan. and, some of his neighbors asked the commissioners to restore the north half of section 31 to Center township, which was accordingly done:. With the exception of these changes the township lines in. Noble county stand today. as they were established by the: commissioners at their first session in 1851. Under the order of the court of common pleas at the June term an election for justices of the peace was held on the twelfth of July. In some of the townships the justices who held office prior to the issuing of the order were allowed to continue. So far as the records of this election are obtainable they show that. Daniel Pettay was elected in Center; John Archibald, in Sharon ; John Moore in Brookfield; Reuben Wood, in Stock ; James Rich and Abner Williams, in Wayne ; Moses Spencer, in Elk ; Alfred Ogle, in Enoch ; Samuel Gebhart, in Beaver ; and John Stevens, in Buffalo. In accordance with an order passed by the commissioners at the first session the board met with the commissioners of Morgan county at McConnelsville, on Monday, May 12, 1851; the commissioners of Washington county at Marietta, on Friday; May 16 ; the commissioners of Monroe county at Woodsfield, on Wednesday, May 21 ; and the. commissioners of Guernsey county at Cambridge, on Monday, May 26. The object of these meetings. was to make settlements with the different counties from which the territory comprising. Noble county had been 64 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. taken, and to secure Noble county's share of the revenues remaining in the several county treasuries at the time the county was erected.* The establishment of a new county attracted the attention of newspaper men as being an inviting field for the exercise of their talents. The Democratic majority in .the county was nearly one thousand, and it was probably natural that Democratic editors should display greater energy in preempting the field. William H. Gill and Robert Leech, both of whom were members of the Constitutional Convention of 1851, founded the Democratic Courier at Sarahsville, soon after The county was organized. The first issue of the paper appeared in May. The Whigs, however, were not far behind, for in July Oliver P. Wharton and Richard H. Taneyhill began the publication of the Noble County Investigator at Olive. Several important matters were disposed of by the commissioners at their June term. The commissioners. appointed by the legislature to locate the county seat were to receive three dollars a day for their services. George McCullough presented- a. bill for eleven days, and Martin Heckard and Lafayette Emmett for fifteen days each. On June 2, the board ordered warrants drawn for the several amounts, so that it cost the people one hundred and twenty-three dollars to have located the seat of justice. As no public buildings had yet been erected it was necessary to provide quarters for the various county officers. Rooms were rented from Dr. J. F. Capell for the recorder and treasurer ; the. clerk's office was obtained' from a man named Axtell; and the auditor's office from William. Tracy. The rents varied from one dollar to one dollar and fifty cents. per month, including fuel. On June 25 the board made its first levy of taxes : for county purposes, $7,000 ; for township purposes, $1,200 ; for school purposes, $2,778; and for public buildings, $2,100.. The next day it was ordered that the Court house and jail be located upon the public Square in Sarahsville, and notice to contractors was given, through the medium, of an advertisement in the Democratic Courier, that the board would receive bids on July 28, 1851, for the erection of a jail. The specifications provided for a building thirty by forty feet, two stories high ; the first story to be of stone and to be nine feet high ; the second to be of brick, ten feet between floor and ceiling. The windows in the first story were to be thirty inches square and covered with an iron Prating. Those in the second story were to each have * The matter of adjusting these relations seems to have been attended with some difficulty. In March, 1852, the authorities of Guernsey county made a demand upon Noble county for about $700 for bridges located in that part of Noble that had been detached from Guernsey. The feeling, is shown by the commissioners' record of Noble county for that date, wherein it is positively " Ordered that the board notify the Guernsey county commissioners that they will not pay any part of it." THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 65 twenty-four lights of 8 by 10 inch glass. The second story was also to be divided into "common rooms." On July 29 the board entered into a contract with John B. Heaton, for the construction of the jail for the sum of $2,230, the' building to be completed by the first day. of August, 1852. The jail. was never finished according to the agreement, for before the time .arrived when it was to be turned over to the commissioners Heaton threw, up the contract and left the county. In December, 1852, his bondsmen, Harrison Secrist, Thomas Dyson and Joseph Potts, were notified that they would be held for damages on account of the failure to carry out the contract, and a month or so later the board accepted the jail, although the record was made to show a protest on the material and workmanship used in the construction of the building.* Scarcely had the organization of Noble county been completed when a contest arose over the location of the county seat. In fact, the difference of opinion existed. before the passage of the organic act by the legislature. The action of the commissioners in selecting Sarahsville was no doubt the most reasonable decision they could have reached, as Sarahsville was the most centrally located of any of the towns. in the county at that time. However, many of those living in the southern part of the county were dissatisfied with the selection, as being too far north of the, geographical center of the county. As soon as it was definitely known that Sarahsville had drawn the prize those in the south began to manifest their displeasure. Bribery was openly charged and a determination announced to continue the fight until the seat of justice should be more centrally located.. As is usual in such cases the newspapers of the county, took sides in the matter and the contest grew in intensity. The Democratic Courier warmly advocated the retention of the county seat at Sarahsville, while the Investigator .just as strongly adhered to the cause of the opposition. Although nominally a Whig paper, the Investigator now assumed the role of an independent publication, and advocated the election of a "People's Ticket,". which was made up of both parties, the issue being the location of the county seat. National politics was submerged in the all absorbing question. The fight was not always conducted with "dignity and decorum." Epithets Were hurled at each other, blows were sometimes 'exchanged, and: altogether a great deal of bad blood was exhibited. The opponents to Sarahsville finally settled upon a location described as "the northeast quarter of section 3, in Olive Township;" and from that time, their campaign was directed with more system and effect. Political differences were made * After the removal of the county seat to Caldwell this jail was used for various purposes until 1871, when it was sold to the Sarahsville Methodist Episcopal Church for $200. 5 66 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE up along these lines and no matter whether the voter was Whig or a Democrat he was expected to identify himself with either the party of "The North" or "The South:" The party of the South showed good generalship in the election. of county officers. They permitted the Sarahsville faction to elect practically all the candidates except the majority of the board of commissioners, thus delaying the erection of public buildings at the seat of justice. Had the party of the North once succeeded in electing. a majority of the board, and then hurried the erection of a court house, the removal of the county seat would have been rendered highly problematical. One effect of the agitation was to bring about the establishment of a new paper at Sarahsville. In August, 1852, Oliver P. Wharton, who was one of the founders of the Investigator at Olive, became associated with Dr. J. F. Capell and started the People's Organ at the county seat. Paradoxical as it may seem, the new paper was an enthusiastic advocate of the Olive township site. The Democratic Courier had in the meantime changed hands, Samuel McGarry and William Tracy becoming the proprietors. It continued to battle heroically for Sarahsville, but the establishment of the People's Organ, "right in the heart of the enemy's country," undoubtedly weakened the party of the North, and inversely encouraged the party of the South. Thus matters went on until the meeting of the legislature of 1854. At that session there was a strong lobby representing the Olive township site, and on April 29, 1854, a bill was passed authorizing the people of. Noble county to decide by popular vote the location of the county seat. Immediately upon the passage of the bill both sides buckled on their armor and prepared for the final struggle. The election was called for the second T'uesday in October, which gave plenty of time for the discussion. of the merits of the two locations. And good use was made of the time. At the mills., at the postoffices, wherever two or three of the citizens happened to meet, the county seat question was the all absorbing topic. On election day a heavy vote was polled, and notwithstanding the intense interest only a few fights occurred. The total number of votes cast was 3,630, and the majority in favor of the new location was 150. the townships of Beaver, Buffalo, Center, Marion, Noble, Seneca, and Wayne the majority of the votes were against removal. In Seneca and Wayne the new location and not receive a single vote. On the other hand not a vote was recorded in favor of Sarahsville in the townships of Jackson and Olive. The closest vote was in Noble township, where the majority in favor of the old county seat was but three votes. In counting and analyzing the vote some queer features were disclosed. Although the new location was considerably farther from Summerfield than Sarahsville, the majority of the voters at Summerfield favored the new site to get rid of THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 67 Sarahsville as a commercial rival. For the same reason a large vote was cast for the old county seat at Sharon, where it was seen that the establishment of a new county seat, only three miles away, would tend to injure the business of Sharon. About twenty votes were cast for other places, some of them clearly in a spirit of levity. The fight did not end with the election. No sooner had the result been announced than the friends of the new site were charged with committing almost all the misdemeanors in the code to carry the election. Then fraud, illegal voting, intimidation, and bribery were brought up as counter charges, and the old contest was renewed. John W. Noble and others, who had all along opposed the removal, brought suit to test the validity of the election. They based their suit on the plea. that "there was no law of the State at the. of said vote, authorizing and prescribing the manner of holding such an ,election, and that the law authorizing said election and removal is wholly unconstitutional and therefore void." Then followed a. long and costly litigation. The court of common pleas decided against the complainants. To reverse the decision the contestors filed a petition in error in the district court of the county. From this court an appeal was taken to the supreme court of the State, where the original decision of the court of common pleas was re-affirmed, and the legality of the location fully established. In this case some: of the best legal talent of the State of Ohio was employed on both 'sides and the' ground was contested inch by inch until the final decision was reached. In the meantime the county' commissioners proceeded as though no suit was pending. Samuel Caldwell and others had offered to donate a location for a county seat, and bad entered into a bond for $40,000 to carry out their promise. On December 6, 1854, less than sixty days after the election, the commissioners selected a. tract, which is thus described in the records of that 'date : "Beginning at the place where the Lancaster and Louisville road crosses the west line of the northeast quarter of section 3, in township number .6, of range 9 of the lands sold at Zanesville, Ohio thence north on said west line 28 rods; thence east 29 rods; thence south• 28 rods; thence west 29 rods to the place of beginning."* Two resolutions were adopted by the board on the' same date. The first provided that "Ezra McKee be authorized to cause to. be surveyed that part Of said northeast quarter of section 3, Olive township, described in the first section of the law of April 29, 1854, and that in. making such survey there be reserved as a: public square about two and one-half acres, upon which to erect a court house, provided that a strip about three rods wide can be obtained on reasonable terms from *After the snit of Noble et al. was decided this tract was deeded to the county commissioners by Samuel Caldwell. The deed bears the date of June 2, 1857. 68 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. the land-holders adjoining, in order to the laying out of streets all around and a tier of lots on two sides of said square." The second resolution provided "that the name of the new county seat ordered to be surveyed be Caldwell." The survey ordered by the above resolution was made on December 20 and 21, 1854, by deputy county surveyor George Bell. In addition to the tract twenty-eight by twenty-nine rods, described in the commissioners record, a plat containing forty-eight lots, including about eleven and one-half acres, was laid off at that time, but none of the lots were offered for sale until the final disposition of the litigation to determine the location of the county seat. As soon as this suit was finally settled the town of Caldwell began to make progress. On June 10, 1857, the commission passed an order to erect a court house on the public square in the town of Caldwell, and fixed upon July 20 as the time for opening the bids therefor. Thomas Drake was employed as architect and on July 21, the bids having been examined, the commissioners awarded the contract to Young & Gibbs for the sum of $13,000, the building to be completed by September 20, 1858. The building was completed to the satisfaction of the board and was accepted on January 4, 1859. During the time it was under construction the frame building on the west side of the public square was used as a temporary court house.* On June 24, the commissioners ordered that certain lots belonging to the county, "as laid out and platted in the town of Caldwell," be sold at auction on the fourth of July, following. At that sale a number of the lots were disposed of, the prices ranging from $48 to $200 each, and within a few weeks a number of buildings were under construction.. In one of these early buildings the first newspaper of Caldwell found a home. After the election which decided the location of the county seat, the PeopWs Organ was changed to the Noble County Patriot. Later it fell into the hands of John Stevens and W. M. Kain, who published it a short time as a religious weekly under the name of the Christian Harbinger, after which it was united with the Republican, which had been started at Sarahsville in 1856 by Gibbs, Clark & Schofield. The new publication took the name of the Consolidated Republican, Randall Ross and William H. Phipps becoming the proprietors. In 1857 Ross built a two story house at 'Caldwell and in the upper story he established the publication office of the paper. The lower store was occupied by Elijah Stevens, who was the first merchant in the new county seat. Soon afterward he had a competitor in the person of Fulton Caldwell, who opened a store called the "Merchants' Exchange," on Cumberland street. *In 1903 the lower story of this building was used as a tailor shop by Henry Schafer. THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 69 At the time the contractors began work on the court house the. residences in the immediate neighborhood were so scattering that the workmen found it extremely difficult. to obtain convenient boarding places: In this emergency the contractors put up a frame shanty, near one corner of the public squire, for the accommodation of the men. The bricks used in .the construction of the court house were burned on the premises from. the clay excavated from the foundation of the building. The erection of private buildings had progressed so far by the beginning of the year that the commissioners were enabled to find temporary quarters for the various county offices, and therefore felt justified in ordering the removal of the records, etc., from Sarahsville. Accordingly, on January 21, 1858, an order was issued by the board for the officers of the county to remove all books, papers, furniture, and business to the places provided for them within the next twenty days. With the promulgation of this order came the last faint effort of the friends of ,Sarahsville to oppose the. removal of the county seat. An appeal was taken to the courts to prevent the execution of the order, but the removal went on and in a short time the seat. of justice of Noble county was fully established at Caldwell. The repeal was then dismissed, the only remaining evidence of Sarahsville's official greatness being two lonely prisoners in the old county jail. And even. this was to be taken: from her. In October, 1858, a contract was awarded James Dudley for the erection of a jail and jailer's residence on the west side of the public square, on a lot belonging to the county. The contract price was $3,800, and the time specified for the completion of the structure ,was December 1, 1859. It was completed on time and since then the prisoners have been committed to incarceration in the county seat. By the autumn of 1858; Caldwell boasted of two hotels. The first, called the "Eldorado," was a two-story frame building, near the southwest corner of the square. It was kept by A. R. Boice, who ha.d erected the building for that purpose. The second hotel was opened by J. W. Boggs, in what was known as the George Rice building. In 1860 Boggs became the proprietor of the old Eagle Hotel. Sometime during the year 1858 the publication office of the Democratic Courier was removed from Sarahsville to Caldwell. William H. Ijams had acquired ownership of. the paper in 1857 and changed the name of it to the Democratic Star. Soon after its removal to :Caldwell it again. changed hands, Louis Baker and James H. Odell becoming the proprietors, and the name was altered to that of the Noble County Democrat. The organization of the Republican party in 1856, and the. vigorous agitation of the issues that finally resulted in the. Civilwar, had made considerable change in the political opinions of Noble county. After the presidential 70 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. campaign of 1860 the paper suspended publication for want of adequate support. On May 27, 1859, Samuel Caldwell proposed to donate a lot to the Methodist Episcopal congregation of Olive, on condition that they would remove to Caldwell. The offer was accepted and before the doge of the year a neat building had been erected and dedicated. This was the first church: in Caldwell. It was also the only church until 1861, when the Caldwell Baptist Church was organized, under the leadership of Rev. G. W. Churchill, with about a dozen members. In 1861 the board of county commissioners was made up of John Lemmax, William Crum, and James Ball. All three were men of progressive notions and early in the year they reached the conclusion that some provision ought to be made for the unfortunate poor of the county. After mature deliberation a farm of two hundred acres, with a good brick residence and other buildings, was purchased at a cost of six thousand dollars. Before steps could be taken to erect an infirmary, the Civil war broke out,, and the farm house was made to serve as such until the restoration of peace. The main building of the present infirmary was erected in 1865. The history of Noble county for the period from 1861 to 1865 was like that of many another county. Everything was subordinated to the prosecution of the war and but little note was taken of the civil and industrial progress of the county. When the call came for men to defend the Union, Noble county stood ready to contribute her quota, and her sons, being descendants of men who had been inured to fighting and frontier hardships, made the very best kind of soldiers. Her war record is told in the succeeding chapter. Chapter VI. FIRST TROOPS FROM. NOBLE—MUSTER ROLL OF COMPANY TWENTY-FIFTH INFANTRY—IN COMPANY B--MOVEMENTS OF THE TWENTY-FIFTH — TWENTY-SIXTH REGIMENT — MUSTER ROLLS OF COMPANIES D AND F—MOVEMENTS OF THE REGIMENT —THIRTIETH INFANTRY ORGANIZED— COMPANY K FROM NOBLE —MUSTER ROLL—THIRTY-SIXTH INFANTRY— TWENTIETH REGIMENT RE-ORGANIZED--COMPANY -SIXTY-SECOND REGIMENT — TWO COMPANIES CHIEFLY FROM NOBLE — NAMES OF VOLUNTEERS— ENGAGEMENTS— TWO COMPANIES, D AND F OF THE SIXTY-THIRD REGIMENT— MOVEMENTS OF THE REGIMENT—SEVENTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY—COMPANY G FROM NOBLE—MUSTER ROLL—NINETY-SECOND INFANTRY—COMPANIES D, E. AND K FILLED WITH NOBLE COUNTY BOYS—ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTEENTH INFANTRY—NOBLE COUNTY CONTRIBUTES COMPANY H—ALSO PART OF COMPANY F—IN VIRGINIA—ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FIRST REGIMENT—PART OF NATIONAL GUARD—ONE BATTALION FROM NOBLE—MUSTER ROLLS—ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-SIXTH INFANTRY—COMPANIES O AND I MADE UP IN NOBLE COUNTY—LAST CALL FOR TROOPS—NOBLE RESPONDS—COMPANY D, ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-FIFTH REGIMENT—COMPANY G, ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-SIXTH—MISCELLANEOUS ENLISTMENTS-THE HOSKINSVILLE REBELLION. IN 1860 the population of Noble county was 20,751, and few counties in the Buckeye State furnished more men in proportion to population, or responded more promptly. When the call for three months troops was made, the work of recruiting three companies was begun in different parts of the county about the same time. Before the organization of these companies could be completed the quota of three months men was filled and they were consequently not accepted. Under the first call for three-years troops; the Twenty-Third, Twenty-Fourth, and Twenty-Fifth regiments of Ohio infantry were raised, and Governor Dennison called upon Noble county to fur- THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 72 nish one company. This time Noble county was not to be left out for want of punctuality. The three companies were consolidated and one full company was formed. It left Summerfield on June 22, 1861, and four days later was mustered into the Federal service at Camp Chase, by Capt. John C. Robinson of the Fifth United States infantry. At the time of its muster in the commissioned officers were: Captain, John M. Mosely First Lieutenant, James H. Petty Second Lieutenant, Joseph L. Ball. The non-commissioned officers and privates were as follows : William O. Allen, Howard F. Atherton, George W. Alltops, John M. Ashfield, Benjamin Barlow, William C. Barrow, Thomas Barnes, William T. Barnes, Jacob L. Barnette, Charles A. Baker, Daniel Bates, James Bassford, John W. Beall, William H. Beymer, James C. Bickford, James Breach, Samuel J. Brooks, Benjamiii F. Brown, William H. Brown, John W. Bunting, James W. Calvert, Samuel F. Calland, Samuel T. Calland, Samuel Cleary, Wallace H. Cooley, Wesley Cooper, Joshua B. Craig, John Greene, David Cleary, Robert Crow, George Clark, Andrew J. Collins, Joseph W. Cunningham, Zachariah M. Daily, Samuel J. Daniel, Kinsey Davis, Emanuel Denoon, George W. Dobbins, Elisha Dunn, John S. Dunn, Samuel Dale, Zachariah Donnelly, Edward Ellis, George Ellsworth, Lewis Engle, Thomas H. Ferril, Maurice T. Floyd, William Gant, Frank H. Gill, Joseph G. Garrett, Enoch Grandma, Alfred K. Garner, Robert F. Gant, Reuben E. Gant, Howard Hallett, John Harlan, Isaac N. Harper' James W. Hamilton' Jonathan Hayden, Lorenzo D. Hill, George Hendrickson, John W. Houston Samuel W. Houston, John H. Johnston, William A. Johnston., Philip M. Jones, Isaac M. Kirk, Archelius Lingo, Noah IL Lindsey, Jason Lee, Charles Loomis, David Logan, Stephen Lovall, Edward T'. Lovette, Nelson C. Lovette, James H. McBride, William McBride, David McCullock, Wesley McConnell, David McKittrick, Daniel McMunn, James W. McWilliams, John D. Merryman, Francis Miller, Henry Miller, John. W. Miller, Adam Si. Miracle, James B. Moore, Joseph W. Moreland, Henry H. Mosely, William Needs, Joshua B. Needs, Joseph B. Oliver, Joseph S. Perry, Samuel Pfister, Isaac Powell, W. H. Rich, Benj. F. Rickey, Jehu M. Rhodes, John S. Rhodes, Seneca C. Rogers, John W. Rucker, James H. Rutherford, Francis M. Shacklee, Lorenzo Shacklee, George W. Shafer, Harrison Shaw, William H. Shaw, Samuel G. Shirk, John J. Smith, William S. Smith, Asbury C'. Stephens, Thomas Stevenson, William A. Sullivan, Thomas Swartwood, Chester T'. Still, Wilbert B. Teeters, Thomas. H. Timberlake, George W. Talbot, Charles R. Thompson, Henson W. True, McDonald Thorla, Alfred Weinstine, Charles Weinstine, William S. West, Arthur Wharton, William H. Wharton, Friend P. Wilson, Harrison THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 73 Wilson, Isaac Wilson, Joseph H. Wilson, Robert S. Wilson, Archibald Wiley, William F. Wiley, William F. Wire.* Besides this company, which was mustered in as Company I of the Twenty-Fifth Ohio volunteer infantry, a number of Noble county boys enlisted in other companies in the Twenty-Fifth regiment. Robert Rutherford was a member of Company B, of the Twenty-Fifth.. In Company O of the same regiment were John Pierce, Joseph H. Lovall, John Master, and Peter Yoho. In Company H were Wilson S. Archibald, James M. Coffee, Ezra L. Davis, Samuel B. Marquis, Reuben B. Marquis, William IL Timberlake, Orin Wheeler, W. H. Sutton, W. L. Smoot, John L. Cox, Veno F. Davis, Thomas J. Cooper, James W. Swift, W. J. Kean, Alonzo M. Burlingame, Samuel M. Gordon, Michael F. Danford, James S. Willey, Levi McLaughlin, W. N. Mills, Theo. Timberlake, John A. Timberlake. In Company K were Levi Delaney, Shubal Hutchins Nathan Harmon, Conrad Harmon, James McLaughlin, Jonathan Hutchins, John A. Thompson, Jonathan H. Yarnall. Lewis E. Wilson held the rank of second lieutenant in this company, and. Samuel P. Houston held a Similar rank in Company F. The Twenty-Fifth received its baptism of fire at Cheat Mountain, Va., September 12, 1861. Between that time and the close of the war it participated in the engagements at Greenbrier, Allegheny Mountain, Huntersville, Monterey, Bull Pasture Mountain, Franklin, Stras- burg, Cross Keys, Cedar Mountain, Freeman's Ford, Waterloo Bridge, The Second Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Hagerstown, Morris Island, South Carolina, where the siege lasted three weeks, Honey Hill, Devaux Neck, Indian Hill, Cockle: Creek, Combahee Ferry, Ashapoo Ferry, Dingle's Mill, Red Hill, Deep Swamp, Beach Run, Swift Creek, and Statesburg. For some time after the actual surrender of the Confederate forces the regiment was employed in patrol duty in South Carolina. Of the total number of men enrolled in Company I, fifteen were killed in action ; seventy-eight were wounded and about twenty-five of these afterward died ; thirty-five died of disease; twenty-one were reported missing, a few of whom afterward turned up sound and well; and five were reported as deserters. The remainder were mustered out at Columbus, Ohio, June 18, 1866, after nearly five years of active service. Noble county was well represented in the Twenty-Sixth regiment, Ohio volunteer infantry, which was organized soon after the Twenty-Fifth. The entire regiment was raised in the counties of Delaware, Ross, Noble, Guernsey, Butler, Madison, Mahoning, Scioto and Champaign. Considering the population of the several counties, Noble con- * The list here given includes a number of recruits that were added from time to time after the original muster. THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 74 tributed more than any one of the others; as a large part of Company F and Company D came from Noble. Those in Company F were: John J. Barlow, Emanuel Brill, Francis M. Brill, George W. Brill, James B. Brill, Henry Brindley, Robert J. Brown, Fortunatis Burlingame, Ferdinand Burlingame, Justus M. Burlingame, Jacob C. Canady, William H. Craft, Robert F. Craig, Moses F. Engle, William Fulton, George R. Hall, Michael W. Jackson, Philander Johnson, Isaac Long, Alexander C. Moore, Perry A. Morrison, Joshua McPeak, Mordecai McPeak, Charles Osborn, John W. Richey, William W. Rimer, Samuel F. Robinson, G. W. Robinson, Joseph F. Scarborough, Mathias W. Smith,. William Steele, David Stewart, Augustus C. Tillett, John W. Tillett, Thomas Randolph, Alva H. Thompson, William Weaver, Samuel G. Wishard. The following Noble county boys enlisted in Company D: Henry Ahrendts, Stephen Allison, John Bingham, Shadrach M. Bottomfield, John Brooks, George Brown, Reuben L. Caldwell, Nathaniel M. Capell, Henry Chambers, Michael Cheatham, Cornelius Cline, Roseberry Cline, Hiram J. Danford, William Davis, Thomas T. Forshey, John Franklin, Silas J. Gordon, Joseph L. Heidelson, George C. Horton, James F. Horton, William W. Hupp, Joseph Kenney, Benjamin F. Kelley, George Knox, Hiram Lanam, Andrew J. Lackard, William A. McElfresh James McFadden, John W. McKittrick, John Marsh, Samuel W. Marsh, George Meeks, David Merritt, Washington Neptune, William H. Neptune, Milton Norman Vincent B. Owen, Francis Patton, Daniel C. Petty, James Sands, Cornelius Sears, Richard W. Sears, John Snider, Edward Starkey, Philip Stoffal, James F. Sprague, Andrew I. Sutton, George W. Sutton, Henry Sutton, John R. Turner, Samuel Turner, James S. Tripps, Thomas A. Walker, William T. Williams, George W. Young. Company D was mustered in on August 3, 1861, Company F having been mustered in on June 28, preceding. About the time that Company D was accepted the regimental organization was complete and it was assigned to duty in the upper Kanawha Valley. In January, 1862, it was transferred to General Wood's division in the Department of the Ohio—later called the Department of the Cumberland. In October, 1863, it was again transferred, this time becoming part of General Wagner's brigade, in Sheridan's division of the Fourth army corps. The regiment was with Buell in his pursuit of Bragg through Tennessee in the fall of 1862, and participated in the engagements of Murfreesboro, Stone River, Tullahoma, Shelbyville, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Lookout Mountain, and the siege of Knoxville. it the battle of Stone River the regiment lost nearly one-third of its men, the Noble county companies nobly bearing their share of the losses. At Mission Ridge the regiment also suffered heavy losses, fully half the men engaged being killed or THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 75 wounded. During the late fall and winter of 1862 the regiment suffered great hardships from long 'marches, insufficient food, and scant clothing. Many of the men had worn the soles from their shoes until their bare feet touched the ground, but they were so far from the base of supplies that it was impossible to draw new ones. In the dead of winter they slept out of doors without even the shelter of a friendly tent, and not one in ten of the men were supplied with over coats. Notwithstanding these hardships, when the men were asked to re-enlist for threeyears more nearly every one of Noble county's sons responded to the call. The regiment was with Sherman on his famous "March to the Sea," and fought at the battles of Resaca, K:enesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, Jonesboro, and the other battles of the campaign. Later it took part in the engagements at Franklin and Nashville, Tennessee, after which it was sent to Texas, where it remained until mustered out on October 21, 1865. Company K of the Thirtieth volunteer infantry, which was mustered in at Camp Chase, August 28, 1861, was recruited in Noble county. The commissioned officers of the company at the time it was accepted by the Federal government were: William H. Ijams, captain ; Reese R. Furbay, first lieutenant; Orris Parrish, second lieutenant; and the non-commissioned officers and privates were as follows : Benjamin Alltop, Richard L. Allbritain, Edward Archer, Thomas Archer, Joseph G. Anderson, Martin V. Anderson, John Armstrong, John T. Anderson, John Ball, Jonas Ball, Enoch Ball, William E. Behmer, Charles W. Barton, William A. Blake, Emerson P. Brooks, Jeremiah C. Brown, James S. Butler, John J. Butler, John Campbell, Lemuel B. Chessire, John Clark, John Coffield, David Crooks, George W. Cunningham, Hiram J. Davis, Hiram V. Dempster, Adam Denoon, William J. Dobbins, Henry W. Farley, Melville G. Farley, Daniel Fast, Joseph Flanders, Daniel Forney, David Foster, Alfred M. Gant, Martin L. Grimes, Josiah W. Hall, Thomas L. Hamer, Joseph B. Hamilton, John Hardin, Lemuel D. Harper, David W. Harris, Ezra Harris, Joseph C. Harris, Joseph S. Harris, Sampson Harris, David Hayes, John F. Heskett, Andrew H. Hipsley, Spencer K. Hill, John F. Holster, Andrew Hughey, Joseph W. Hughey, Jackson Hupp, John Hupp, Philip Jackson, Thomas J. James, Perry James, Alfred James, Salathiel Johnson, William R. Jones, Martin Lanam, John H. Larrick, George B. Lyons, William. McCall, James McCann, John W. McCleary, Henry McGeary, John McGuire, Jefferson H. McIntyre, John B. McKain, William McKittrick, Jacob Miller, Frederick N. Mugrage, Parley C. Mugrage, George W. Nash, August Nelson, John B. Nickerson, Samuel Nye, James H. Odell, Francis M. Poling, Richard Poling, Lorenzo Powell, Samuel Racey, John W. Roberts, Thomas Rossiter, Owen Rucker, Samuel Rutherford, William Sampson, James T. THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 76 Schofield, Joseph C. Schofield, Richard Semmons, Murray Shannon, William Shiling, Otis B. Shoemaker, Mahlon Snyder, John Still; William Still, Abraham D. Satires, Isaac Thomas, William D. Tiescott, John M. Van Fossen, Amos J. Walker, Benjamin J. Waller, Alden Wheeler, Eftihu Wheeler, Jonathan Wheeler, Cyrus B. White, Levi D. Webber, John C. Yearrian, George Young. Four Noble county men, Demetrius A. Foster, Samuel Harris, Thomas Shankland, and Ezra Travis, enlisted in Company F of the same regiment. Twenty-two men of Company K were discharged on account of disabilities, twenty-seven were killed or died of disease, seven were reported as missing, and the rest were mustered out with the regiment at. Little Rock, Ark., August 13, 1865. During the four years of service the Thirtieth participated in the operations around Sewell and Flat Top Mountains, Raleigh, Princeton, Green Meadows, and on East and New rivers, after which it joined the army in Eastern Virginia. At South Mountain the regiment lost eighteen killed and forty-eight wounded, and a few days afterward fought with distinction at the battle of Antietam. In January, 1863, the regiment was transferred to the Southwest, joining the second division of the Fifteenth army corps at Helena Ark. In May it joined the army in front of Vicksburg and remained there until after the capitulation of the city. Next it was assigned to duty in Eastern Tennessee. It participated in the battle of Mission Ridge, and was one- of the regiments that pursued the' Confederates in their retreat. In the spring of 1864 it was veteranized and after the furlough joined the army in Georgia. From May 20 to June 19 the regiment was almost constantly under fire, and suffered heavy losses. In July it became a part of General Sherman's forces before Atlanta. It was one of the regimental organizations that vas on the historic March to the Sea. From January 1, 1865, until the muster-out, it was successively at Washington City, Louisville, Ky., and Little Rock, Ark. During the term of service the regiment marched nearly fifteen thousand miles and participated in some of the hardest fought battles of the war. In August, 1861, the Thirty-Sixth volunteer infantry was organized, and on the 21st of the month was mustered in at Marietta. From Noble county came Benjamin F. Bell, William Barker, Henry Bass, John W. Dolman, John Hesson, William Hiddleston, Liberty Hiddleston, Joseph H. Ring Shepard P. King, Nicholas Kirkman, Edward McElroy, Henry McElroy, Robert McCoy, Henry McCarty, Alfred R. Phillips, Isaac O. Phillips, James Phillips, Stephen Spencer, and _____ White. Of these men, three were killed in battle, two died in the service, ten were discharged and the others were mustered out with the company at Wheeling, W. Va., July 27, 1865. They were members of Company E, of which Isaac Phillips rose to be captain. The regiment was interested, during its entire term of THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 77 service, in the military operations in. Virginia and Maryland, except a short time in 1863, when it was with R:oseerans in Tennessee. When the Twentieth Ohio volunteer infantry was reorganized in the fall of 1861, quite a number of Noble county boys took service in the new organization. Francis M. Shacklee, who had gone out with the Twenty-Fifth regiment earlier in the year, was made captain of Company I in the reorganization, and Harrison :Wilson:, also of the Twenty-Fifth, became first lieutenant of the company in December. Under their leadership the following Noble county citizens enlisted in Company I : Ananias Archer, Cephus Archer, George Archer, Weeden Archer, Philip Amon, Ezekiel Anderson, John H. Barnes, Leaward Ball, James W. B'arnes, John Burford, John Caldwell, Franklin G. Cleveland, Frederick Crow, Jacob Crow, Enoch Fuller, John W. Garrett, Daniel Gildow, Harvey J. Harbin, Joseph E. Harbin, John W. Houston, George W. Hupp, Marion Hupp, Joseph Killbaugh, Jacob King, Joseph Kinney, Andrew J. Lucas, Martin McBride, Samuel McBride, Peter McBride, Terence McGovern, Isaac C. Miracle, David Mitten, Thomas Moore, Albeit Morris, Ferdinand Moore, Thomas F. Morrow, Jesse Moran, Joseph W. Newlan, William H. Newlan, John Nieun, Abram Northstine, Harrison Palmer, Harrison J. Palmer, Robert Palmer, Horace O. Reed, John Riley, William Rose, David W. &wards, Griffin &wards, George W. Smith, John W. Smith, William Smith, John Sturtz, James Swaney, Henry Tidd, James Tucker, Cyrus A. Tuttle, John N. Van Fossen, Nelson D. Warfield, David Way, Milton Way, William S. Wells, James White, James.M. Wickham, Wieden Wickham, George Wild, Amon A. Williams, Thomas Wilson, Clark Young, Frederick Youngblue JesseR. Youngblue. The company was mustered in near Covington, ky. on October 21, 1861, and during the winter was employed in guarding government stores around Covington and Newport. In February, 1862, it started southward and its first actual service was in the campaign against Fort Donelson. Between that time and the expiration of its term of service the Twentieth participated in a number of engagements in Tennessee, Mis- sissippi Louisiana, and Alabama. Foremost among these were the bat- tles of Pittsburgh Landing, the operations around Corinth, Oxford, Miss:, Holly Springs, Champion Hills, around Vicksburg, and Jackson, Mississippi. After being veteranized the regiment was with Sherman around Atlanta, and on the march to Savannah. It was mustered out, July 18, 1865, at Columbus, Ohio. Late in the fall of 1861 the work of organizing the Sixty-Second volunteer infantry was begun at Camp Goddard, Zanesville, Ohio. The organization was completed in a short time and on November 21 the regiment was mustered. into the service. It remained at Camp Goddard, however, until January, 1862, when it was ordered to join General Rosecrans in Western Virginia. The first fighting experi- THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 78 enced by the regiment was at Winehester, Va. where it was one of the regiments that pursued the enemy to gtrasburg. Its entire service was with the Army of the Potomac., participating in the battles of Port Republic, Morris Island, Fort Wagner; Petersburg, Fort Gregg, and the final operations around Richmond. About the last of August, 1865, it was united with the Sixty-Seventh Ohio, and was mustered out early in December. The Noble county contingent of the Sixty-Second regiment was as follows:. Colton Ackley, William Alltop, Robert W. Bain, Elisha Ball, James Ball, William Ball, John BarnhoUse, George Bartlette, John B. Bell; Leander Bell, Joseph Britton, Harrison Burlingame, Samuel P. Cheshire, E. Clark, Thomas D. Combs, Edwin M. Corner, Nehemiah Cunningham, Adam Davis, George R.. Davis, Hiram Davis, Jenkins Davis, Thomas J. Davis, Robert Davison, Andrew J. DonoVan, Elijah Durnall, Arius N. Dye, .Elza. A. Dye, Morgan J. Dye, William Elliott, Henry Everly, Joseph Flanders, William T. Flanders, Adam H. Flowers, George Frakes, Morley Frakes, Reece Frakes, Manley Gilpin, Albert Goodwell, Ira Goodwell, Andrew Grandstaff, William J. Gregg, Jahn Harden, John S. Harris, Adam B. Hastings, William Hedges, Jackson D. Hendershot, William Harold, Janies F. Hupp, Lewis Si. Hupp, Hallis Hutchins, John O. Hutchins, Milton James, Alexander Karns, Levi Lin.cicome, Robert Love, Samuel McLaughlin John W. Martin, Isaiah Matheny, Theodore J. Matheny, Thomas J. Matheny, Gilhead Moore, Philip Moore, Charles L. Morgariedge, Greenberry Murdock, William Mor- ton, Eli Nichols, Joseph Norman, Marquis L. Norris, Samuel Oliver, Charles R. Parker, Randall Ross, Alexander Roy, John W. Sears, Abram Severs, Thomas Simmons, Andrew Shatto, Edward H. Shirk; Joseph L. Smith, Thomas H. Snyder, David Spear, Minor Starkey, Ezra Stevens, George Stewart, Isaac Thorla, Isaac Wagner, Theodore Wagner, .Benjamin Weekley, Levi Weekley, William Weekley, Alden Wheeler, Samuel Wheeler, Elisha Williams, Henry S. Williams. The above .named were all in Company I. In Company H there were .Jacob L. Gregg and Isaac M. Yoho, and in Company K there were John R. Brokaw, Israel Hitchcock, John H. Phelps, and James Wilson. Sixteen of the men from. Noble county were discharged on account of disabilities or, by order of the war dep'a.rtnient ; three were killed in action; seven were wounded, three of whom afterWard died; six died of disease; one was reported as missing, and one as a deserter. About the same time that the Sixty-Second regiment was organized, the Forty-Second was. also recruited. The regiment was mustered in at Camp Chase, November 26, 1861, with James A. Garfield, after -ward president of. the United States, as colonel. Companies A, B, C, and II were completed and mustered in the preceding September., the last named company being raised in Noble county. The commissioned THE COUNTY. OF NOBLE - 79 officers at the time the company was mustered in were James H. Riggs, captain Herman Swaberdisn first lieutenant; S. Wilson, second lieutenant. The membership of the company was as follows: Enoch Archer, Patrick Bates, Lewis Bates, Barna Bates, Cyrus Balis, William Brandt, Nelson B. Brooks, Gustave A. Brothers, Aaron J. Browning, George C. Brown, Thomas G. Buckingham, James W. Buckingham, Robert H. Calland, William T. Carter, Joseph. C. Clark, Azariah C. Cooper, James W. Curry, Samuel B. Clemmer, Richard B. David, John B. Davis, Isaac Dickenson, James Dougherty, Michael Dougherty, Joshua M. Davis, Joseph T. Eagler, Charles W. Farley, Ezekiel Farley, George Fogle, Edward Forbes, William C. Frost, Hiram D. Glassner, John L. Glassner, Nicholas Gebhart, Edmund Gee, John. H. Grant, Samuel Gregg, Smith Groves, Edward Haging, Charles Haney, John Hanson, William H. Harrison, Thomas R. Henthorn Isaac N. Hickle, Henry Hickman, Wesley Hickman, John H. Hiddlesbach, John Horton, Samuel Johnson, Josiah P. Kennon, William M. Kays, Abram Kent, Israel A. Kent, Isaac Larrick, James Lindsey, David Lowe:, John A. McCarty, Abraham McConnell, Hugh McDonald, Stephen D. McIntyre, Isaac Marlow, John Milligan, James F. Matheny, John Moore, Shanegar Morris, H. B. Newton, Harrison Nicholas, W. J. Nicholson. James T. Nowall, Benjamin Oakley, Otho Pennington, John W. Piper, Gideon O. Pringle, William Pringle, Edward T'. Petty, Samuel Porter, 1VIarion Poulton, Mathias D. Rodecker, William Rosenbush, James W. Robinson, Bethel B. Rucker, Timothy Rucker, Warren Rucker, John W. Ruby, Edward S. Saunders, Benjamin F. Scott, Michael Sheppard, David H. Shipman, Hugh M. Shipman, Robert Stephenson, Nathan Stevens, Joseph H. Stiers, William H. Summers, David Turner, Benjamin F. Whitman, George W. Wiley, Cyrus Willis, John W. Willis, Benjamin Wilson, Robert P. Wilson, James Wise, James Yoho. The first contact the regiment had with the enemy was at Middle Greek, Va., in January, 1862, and this was followed by Pound Gap the succeeding March, after which the regiment was sent to Louisville, Ky. It took part in the capture of Cumberland Gap, as well as several skirmishes with the Confederates under Bragg and Kirby Smith. From that time until the spring of 1863 the regiment was engaged in the military operations in the Big Kanawha valley. April 29, 1863, it fought at Grand Gulf, and then joined Grant's army at Vicksburg. After the fall of Vicksburg the regiment was transferred to the department of the Gulf, remaining in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas, for the balance of the war. On September 30, 1864, it was mustered out at Camp. Chase, and on Sunday evening October 2, the surviving members of Company D reached Summerfield, where they were given a cordial reception. THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 80 The next enlistments from Noble county were in Companies D and F of the Sixty-Third volunteer infantry, which was organized in January, 1862, by the consolidation of two battalions, recruited the previous autumn. James Taggart was captain of Company D, William C. Thomas was first lieutenant, and Angus McDonald second lieutenant. The membership of the company, or at least that part of it that came from Noble county, was made up of William G. Apple-bee, Nathan 'Baker, Ephraim Bell, Hiram Bell, Mahlon Brown, William A. Brown, Worthington Coffee., William J. C'olliflower, Samuel Coffee, Benjamin Delaney, John M. Dixon, Joshua R. Goodings Josiah Hart, Samuel Hawthorn, John W. Hughes, William E: Hughes, Paulen Jones, William hewis, Winchester Lewis, Michael Lyon, James McFadden, William A. MeGuckin, Bristol McKensie, David A. MeMunn, Isaac Marshall, Gallatin S. Marquis, James C. Matheny, John Minck, Thomas W. Parrish, James M. Pierce, John Reed, John M. Reed, John Ruple, Ezra Shock, Alonzo Shuman, Jacob Shuman, Isaac Smith, James K. Smith, Samuel Smith, Will- iam C. Smith, Zachariah Stokes, Orlando W. Stuckey, William Taylor, Andrew Van Sickle, Howard C. Wilson, Thomas C. Wilson, David Winders, Martin Wyrick, Joseph Ziler. Those in Company F were John Caldwell, D. W. Davis, and John Eicher. On the 18th of February the regiment was ordered to Paducah, Ky., where it joined the Army of the Mississippi. It was engaged in the battles of Island No. 10, the siege of Corinth, Farmington, Iuka, Parker's Cross Roards,.and a few skirmishes during the years 18.62 and 1863. In January, 1864, most of the men re-enlisted and received their veteran furloughs. On February 18, just two years from the time it first started South, the regiment again assembled at Columbus, and left for the front, beginning active operations at Decatur, Ala. The fall of Decatur was followed by the battles of Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, and Jonesboro. Later it joined Sherman's army and marched through Georgia on the victorious campaign to Savannah. It was mustered out at Louisville, Ky., July 8, 1865. A few Noble county boys enlisted in the Seventy-Seventh regiment, Ohio volunteer infantry. In Company B were Cornelius Archer, Owen Barnes, Martin. Davis, Thomas C. Davis, James P. Daugherty, George W. Delaney, Cornelius Gray, William A. Harper, Edward D. Keith, Robert M. Kelley, Samuel A. Lee, Jefferson Long, Jabez Osborne, Isaac Ward. The county was represented in Company D by David McPeak and Jesse Gray. In Company H there were Samuel Carpenter, Wilson Cunningham and William Hughey. A half dozen were found in Company I in the persons of Isaiah Faulk, Jerome Mobley, Andrew Madlock, Thomas Moore, Jonas Singer and Allen Wheeler. In Company K there were Thomas M. Addis, THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 81 Anthony Allen, John J. Calvert, Thomas K. Crooks, Charles W. Delaney, Martin Essex, Michael Lyons, John Manifold, George Masters, Thomas J. Park, Alexander Smith, Ezra Tuttle, Israel Yarnall, and Job Yoho. Company G of the Seventy-Eighth volunteer infantry was practically all from Noble county. The regiment was recruited during the late fall and winter of 18,61 and was mustered into the service on January 11, 1862. At that time: the commissioned officers of Company G were: Peter Gebhart, captain; Joseph Miller, first lieutenant; Joseph C. Jenkins, second lieutenant. The muster roll of the company, including the recruits that were added from time to time, was as follows : William J. 'Anderson, Wilson Archer, William Armstrong, Wilbur F. Armstrong, Charles W. Arndt, Hiram Atkinson, Lewis Baley, Asa Ba 'ry, George Bash, Harmon Bate, Henry Beasley, Benjamin Beach, Doran Bigford, Ezra Bond, James F. Bond, Jeremiah. Bond, George W. Butts, Thomas Carney, John C. Carpenter, Thomas Carpenter' Henry Carter, Joab Coe, Joseph P. Cowen, Jacob Cusae, James David, Robert A. David, Samuel Davis, William R. Davis, Adam Dennis, David Dennis, John Dennis, Solomon F. Dennis, Isaac Dickson, Joseph Dixon, Israel Dudley, Alonzo O. Earhart, John R. Edgar, Edward Ellis, Josiah Fannaugh, John H. Fenton, Solomon F. Finley, Elijah Fogle, Hiram Fogle, Immer Fowler, Samuel Fowler, William Fowler, William F. Fry, Cyrus H. Gardner, Joseph Gatchel, Martin Gaffney, John Geary, Taylor Geary, Samuel H. Gebhart, Philip George, John A. Gibson, Wilson Gibson, John W. Gillespie, Levi Gould, James Graham, William J. Grimes, Jacob Hagen, Samuel Halley, William Halley, Franklin, O. Halter, Conrad Harmon, Israel Hart, James P. Hartsell, John Hayes, Wheeler W. Heath, James F. Henten, Solomon F. Heskett, Elisha D. Hickel, Daniel J. Hill, Charles Hines, John R. Hunt, Alexander W. Humphrey, George W. Johns, Barnett Johnson, George W. Johnson, Lyman J. Johnson, James Kells William Kent, Jonas Knepper, Arius Knight, Aquilla Lindsay, Charles Lindsay, Charles W. Lindsay, Kelsey Little, William Little, Alfred Lippitt, Jacob Looker, Isaac H. Long, William B. Long, Peter B. Lupardis, Samuel McCary, John W. MeFerren, Cary MoGinnity, James W. Mackey, Leonard Marlow, William S. Mendenhall, Caleb M. Mercer, David B. Mercer, George W. Mercer, Job T. Mercer, Thomas Mercer, Joseph Miller, William S., Miller, James A. Moore, George W. Morgan, Owen Morgan, Lewis Morris, Simon Morris, Owen Mullinix, Jesse Patterson, Robert Peacock, Sampson Peppers, David W. Pierce, Frank Porter, Aaron S. Purkey, Nelson Rayburn, Iret Rhine-hart, Joseph Rhinehart, Daniel Richeson, Frederick Roach, Henry M. Roach, John W. Robinson, William Robinson, William Rockwell, William Rucker, Ebenezer Russell, Eden St. Clair, Samuel St. Clair, 6 THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 82 Reason St. Clair, Augustus Savely, Adam Schwab, Tames W. Shaw, William Simmons, Charles W. Spiker, Henry Spiker, Ramsey. Smith, John 'W. Stinchcomb, Benjamin F. Starr, Michael Stewart, John R. Stewart, James Stitts, Enoch M. Stout, George P. Stoneburner, Charles W. Sutterfield, Shubal Tilton, Jacob Trenner, John Trimble, Samuel E. Trout, Jacob Vandyke, john Vandyke, Peter Vandyke, James S. Van Meter, Martin Voxer, Jonathan Waits, William J. Weller, David Wheeler, James Wheeler, Amor Wilcox, Aaron Williams, Linley Williams, Samuel Williams, Nathan Willoughby, Alfred Wymer, William Wysell, David R. Yaro, Oliver P. Yaw, Jacob Yoho. Leaving Ohio at Cincinnati, on January 11, 1862, the regiment proceeded by boat to join the Army of the T'ennessee. It arrived at Fort Donelson a few days after the surrender and was assigned to the duty of guarding the prisoners taken there. On April 7, at Pittsburg Landing, (Shiloh) the regiment was for the first time under fire. It then participated in the campaign against Corinth. After the fall of Corinth it was transferred to Logan's division and while under the command of "Black Jack" fought at Spring Creek, Granada, Miss., Raymond, Champion Hills, and Vicksburg. On the fourth of July, 1863, the Seventy-Eighth was made a: part of Sherman's army, and participated in the movements. against Jackson, Miss. It re-enlisted, and. after spending a few weeks at home on veteran furlough joined the army of General Sherman in Georgia. In the battles at Bushy and Kenesaw Mountains it played an important part, as well as in the battles around Atlanta. After the march to the sea and the campaign against Johnston in the Carolinas it went with the Federal forces to Richmond and Washington, participating in the grand review at the national capital. It was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio, July 11, 1865. In August, 1862, the work of recruiting the Ninety-Second Ohio infantry was begun, headquarters of the regimental organization being at Marietta. Notwithstanding the number of Noble county boys already in the field, there were plenty of others who stood ready to heed their country's call. The greater part of Companies D, E, and K, came from the little county among the hills of Southeastern Ohio. The commissioned officers of Company D, all of whom were from Noble county, were William Wheeler, captain ; John Brown, first lieutenant; James M. Joseph, second lieutenant. Following is the muster roll of the company : Anthony M. Allen, Thomas K. Amos, Isaac B. Archer, James P'. Ball, Reason A. Ball, David A. Balldridge, John A. Balldridge, Charles G. Barclay, Charles W. Barnes, Highland Barnes, Nathaniel B. Barnes, Swazy Barnes, Vachel Barnes, Elijah Bassford, John W. Barthalow, Sanforth Barton, Thomas W. Betts, Philip Brand, Peter Brand, James F. Brothers, William THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 83 Brown, Jonas Brund, Charles. W. Buckingham, John Butler, Joseph Oalland, Horton S. Calland, Robert W. Calland, William H. Carter,. Peter .Coe, John Copeland, Edward Craig, John Cronin, Alex. S. Cunningham., George W. Chnningham Levi Cunningham, Lucius B. Curtis, John W. Davis, James Deal, William Deal, James M. Delaney, William T. Eads, Samuel Eckles, William B. Engle, Sylvanus .Farley, John Fisher, Allen M. Floyd, John F. Gant, William Gibson, Oliver Givens, Jesse Grant, Charles E'. Gray, James Griffin, William S. Guiler, George W. Hagerman., David Hamilton, James E. Harding, Erasmus Hartley, John Hawkins; Joseph B. Heddleston,. Mead Jarvis, Clark C. Jones, James M. Joseph, James W. Joseph, Thomas Lanam, Jeremiah Leek, Isaac C. LeFever, James Long, Noah Long, Thomas Long, William Long, Robert. F. Lowe, Thomas McGovern, Elia.s McKeener, John W. Mckittriek, John M. Matthews, Asa W. Merrill, Joseph S. Miller, Samuel Mitehner, Lewis Moore, James Morris, William H. Morris, John, E. Neptune, William W. Neptune, :Joseph Ogg, Archelaus•Osborn, James G. Osborn, William - Osborn., Levi Robbins, Andrew G. Robert, James T. Rogers, William B.. Roster, John G. Rownd, David M. Scarborough, Samuel Sellers, Aaron V. Shafer, Austin C. Shafer, John H. Shankland, John O. Shipley, Samuel M. Southers, Edward H. Spencer, Isaac M. Spencer, Jacob Staekhouse, George C. Stephenson, John F. Stephenson, Elias H. Stillwell, Bradley B. Stone, John A. Sterling, John, Summers, Samuel Swan, Samuel Swank, William Thompson, George W. Tucker, Isaac. M. Turner, William F. VanIteter Ellis Yore, Philip Walters, John Watson, Cyrus Wendle, Nathan B. Wharton, Theodore Wharton., Edward Wheeler, Joseph White, Henry Wiekham John H. Wilson, William Wilson, George W. Young, John A. Young, James C. Younger. Company D was mustered in on September 17, 1862. A week before that date, Company, E had been accepted with Erwin F. Thidley as captain; William O. Okey, first lieutenant; and Thomas W. Morris, second lieutenant. The commissioned officers of the company were all from Noble county, as were also the following noncommissioned officers and privates: Isaac Anderson, Elijah A.L. Ball, James W. Barry, John M. Barry, Joseph Carral, James Cawfield, Jamee W. Church; Aurelius Clark, Jason Clark, William T. Craig, .Alvin. D'. Cunningham, Francis G. Cunningham, William Coffman, George W. Cooper, John O. Cooper, Moses Carter, Abraham Davis, Amos Davis, Benjamin Davis, Caleb R. Davis, Levi Davis, Robert Davis; William Davis, John W. Dennis, James Dobbins, David Dyer, Fred W. Dientsbach, John W. Elliott, Jesse Enochs, .John W. Enochs, Royal Fogle, Levi. S. Forshey, Thomas Forshey, James K. Foster, Robert Foster, Leonard. Frakes, George Frakes, Henry GalloWay, James. Glannoh, Isaac H. Glidden, Sidney J. Glid- 84 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. den, Whitman Goodall, William H. Greene, Theodore Hall, Lucius C. Hardy, Eliab Hickman, John W. Hicks, William Hutchins, Carey Hupp, Franklin Hupp, Samuel Hupp, William M. Hupp, David L. Jack, Michael S. Jack, Elijah Johnson, James P. Johnson, John Kirby, John Kirk, William R. Kirk, Payton. Kitts, Solomon Kuehns, Benjamin F. Leonard, Samuel Lochmiller, Durbin N. Longfellow, Joshua McCurdy, Lucius McCurdy, Clark McIntyre, John D. Matt, Gideon Meeks, Stewart Michael, Joseph H. Miller, Hezekiah Moberly, John L. Moberly, Thomas Moore, William A. Morris, William Ochsenbien, Austin D. Palmer, James N. Palmer, Andrew Peeper, John Perkins, William Phipps, Ithamer Piles, Thomas Piles, Adam Pitzer, Isaac Pool, Nicholas Racy, Philip Ratser, John T. Riley, Josiah Robinson, Oliver P. Sanford, Thomas H. Sanford, Joel C. Scott, James Shepard, William Smith, John Stephenson, George M. Stine, Perry M. Tuttle, Ira Tyson, Isaac Vanway, David Waning, Jacob Ward, Henry Wild. Company K was mustered in at Marietta, September 9, 1862, with Thomas Wilson as captain, Albert G. Hughes, first lieutenant, and Riley M. Merrill, second lieutenant. Privates and non-commissioned officers from Noble county: James W. Adams, Jeremiah E. Ankrom, John H. Antill, John F. Baker, Evan. R. Bolton, Josiah A. Bowers, Silas Brown, Lorenzo Burton, Joshua Carmichael, Josiah Cash, Adam. M. Connor, David P. Craig, Elias Craig, Sylvester M. Craig, John. M. Crooks, Robert C. Crooks, Martin. Crow, James Curtis, Linas Curtis, Lucius B. Curtis, Theodore Curtis, William R. Curtis, William. R. Davidson, Henry J. Freeman, Andrew Gardner, Joseph Gardner, Wiliam Gibbs, William Heck, James Hiddleston, Adam H. Hineman, Jacob Inghram, Louis Johnson, William Kelly, Benjamin Kinkaid, Dudley Kirkbride, Giles Lahue, Edmond Lindamood, James Lindamood, John G. Lindamood, Milo Lindamood, Peter Logan, Robert Love, Charles McConnell, David McCullock, Enos McFadden, John McFadden, James D. McKee, Allen D. McPeek, Joseph McPeek, Philip McPeek, William T. Mahoney, Richard Masters, Benjamin Miller, John Miller, Martin Miller, Thomas Miller, William L. Morris, Rhebiah Morton, Frederick Nieswonger, Wesley Park, _Daniel G. Payne, James M. Payne, Jacob Polen, James D. Ray, Orrison S. Reed, Daniel Salisbury, John Sands, Joshua Sands, Moses Shepherd, Josiah Smith, James Spence, James M. Swallow, Jacob Thompson, Thomas Van Fossen, Robert Watson, Josiah Whittam, Perry Whittam, Milton Willison, Simon Willison, George S. Worstell. Marching orders were received by the Ninety-Second on October 7, and from that time until the following January it was on duty in the Kanawha valley. In January, .1863, it went to. Nashville, Tenn., where it became a part of Crook's brigade, and from that time until THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 85 it was mustered out in. Junt 1865, it was almost continually on the firing line. The first. engagement in which it took an active part was the battle of Hoover's Gap, and it was one of the Ohio regiments that marched with Sherman through the heart of the Confederacy to Savannah, fighting in. all the engagements of that memorable campaign. The next regiment to be. organized in Southeastern Ohio was the One Hundred and Sixteenth infantry, which was mustered in at Marietta in the month of September, 1862. True to her traditions, Noble county was one of the first to answer the. call with the result that a large part of Company F and practically all of Company H were recruited in the county. Those in Company F were Dighton Bates, William H. Bell, Robert Bramhall, John R. Brokaw, James Carson, Joel B. Cummings, Alfred W. Davis, John Dillon, William Fisher, Jacob Gregg, James Harrison, James.F. Hughes, Joseph S. Johnston, George W. Johnston, George W. Johnson, Amos S. Jones; Edward S. King, Samuel King, Silas King, William King, Charles Latch, John T. McCoy; Henry Martin, Jacob Martin, John Martin, Samuel B. Matthias, Robert Martin, Garrison Miracle, Jacob Phelps, John Phelps, Richard T. Phelps, James T'. Piggott, John Rake, John Rawlings, George Ray, Jacob Schwan, Thomas Shahan, Jonas Steed, George. W. Smith, Jona.s Smith, Freeman C. Thompson,* James Wilson, Richard Wilson, Samuel Wilson, Isaac M. Yoho, .Peter Yoho. Wilbert B. Teeters, who had .gone out as a sergeant in Company I of the Twenty-Fifth regiment, was made captain of Company H, One Hundred and Sixteenth regiment, in August, 1862. William H. Spriggs was first lieutenant, and William L. Moseley second lieutenant. The non-commissioned officers and privates in Company H were Nathan Archer, John Armstrong, William A. Arnold, Reason Baker, Payan Bartlett; David M. Bock, Leroy D. Brown, Nathaniel Butler, William Y. Cain, Jacob Carpenter, Samuel Carpenter, John Catlett, IL J. Cheshire, Henry C. Clary, Leonard Craig, Henderson Crooks, James M. Dalzell, Benjamin C. Drake, Jacob Dudley, Joseph Dudley, Jacob L. Duman, William J. Emmons Charles W. Engle, Charles A. Gaily, Joseph Geralds, Daniel Gorby, Matthew Grandon; Jacob Gregg, Jacob L. Gregg, Isaac Groves, John A. Groves, James Harrison, William H. Hesson, Alvah D. Hopper, Samuel Hull, Wesley James, Henry T. Johnsen, Jesse Joseph, Alex. D. Kackley, John W. Kackley, Eli T. Kirkbride, James P. Kyser, John J. Kyser; George Lamp, Benjamin Larrick, John Larrick, Noah Larrick, William McBride, John T'. McCoy, Stephen C. McCoy, Joseph A. McIl * For bravery at Fort Gregg, Freeman C. Thompson was awarded a medal by the secretary of war. 86 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. wee, Elijah J. Matthews, Henry C. Mathews, Samuel B. Mathews, Barney Moore, Lafayette Moore, Michael J: Moore, Nathan K. Moore, William Moran, Aaron Morris, Apollo Morris, George Morrison, John M. Mott, Greenbury Murdock, Robert Pethtel, James H. Petty, John H. Phelps, George C. Plickenpaugh, Andrew Powell, Joseph Purkey, Zachariah Raney, Jeremiah C. Rhodes, Solomon Rich, James I. Rodgers, William O. Rowland, Isaac Russell, Benjamin F. Sammons, Joseph Secrest, Simon Secrest, Hugh Shafer, James I. Shafer, David Shepherd, Irvin F. Smith, Joseph Smith, Thomas Spear, Asbury Stephens, James A. Stoneking, Dexter W. Sullivan, Jeremiah Swain, Michael Swaney, Isaiah 'T'ribby, Andrew Trimmer, William Vorhies, George Walters, Mark E. Ward, Yoho Watson, Wesley J. Westbrook, George Wharf, Oliver K. Wharff, Damascus Wharton, Pardon J. Wiley, Elisha D. Williams, John W. Williams, William H. Williams, Jacob Wounhas, Joseph C. Wilson, Reuben Yoho. The regiment was armed and equipped at Gallipolis soon after it was mustered into the service, and on October 27 was united with the One Hundred and Tenth, One Hundred and Twenty-second, and One Hundred and Twenty-third Ohio regiments in a brigade, at Buchanan, Va. During the winter it was engaged in guerrilla warfare a large part of the time. About the middle of March, 1863, it joined the army at Winchester, taking part in the military operations. around that place. In the month of April it was attached to General Hunter's division and marched up the Shenandoah Valley. At the battle of Piedmont the regiment lost 176 men in killed and wounded. This was the most severe engagement which had been encountered up to this time. From April until July the time was spent in hard marching through Virginia and Maryland. On. September 3, it was with Sheridan's army at the battle of Berryville, and a few days. later at Opequan and Fisher's Hill. In the spring of 1865 the One Hundred and Sixteenth took part in the investment of Petersburg, fighting at Fort Gregg, Durksville and Appomattox. It was mustered out on June 14, 1865, except two companies which were transferred to the Sixty-Second, and on. June 23 the men received their last pay from the government at Camp Dennison, where they were formally discharged. On May 9, 1864, the One Hundred and Sixty-First infantry was mustered in, as part of the National Guard, for the one hundred days' service. It was composed. of three battalions, one of which was from Noble county. This battalion, the Ninety-Third, was made up from Companies 0, F, and H, containing one hundred and ninety-six men. Company O was officered by William A. Allen, captain. C. J. Barnes, first lieutenant; Isaac Philpot, second lieutenant. The muster roll of the company was as follows: Benjamin W. Amos, Francis R. THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 87 Baldwin, Jesse. R. Barnes, Otho Barnes, Nathaniel D. Brock, John Brown, Charles Oalland, William Calland, Anthony Courtney, James Cunningham, John Curtis, John M. Dailey, William Dailey, Joseph G. Davis, James Delaney, James Drake, Arthur Dunn, George Farley, Joseph Farley, Thomas A. Forshey, Joel Gant, Samuel Gant, David Gessell, John Gessell, Samuel Gessell, Henry Oilier, Richard Hindman, Jesse Hineman, George Kent, William H. McBride, William McClintock, Andrew McGirk, John R. McGinnis, Josiah McGuire, John Mallett, William D. Messinger, William M. Nowdell, Thomas O'Neil, Richard Okey, Samuel Osborn, John H. Pihillips, Lewis Phillips, Charles W. Philpot, William H. Piggitt, James S. Prettyman, William Purcell, Wesley W. Reed; James W. Robinson, James S. Rownd, James M. Shankland, William S. Shepherd, James R. SheldOn, Alfred B. Simonds, James R. Smith, Samuel Snyder, John W. Taylor, Franklin A. Tilton, Isaac. L. Tilton., J. B.. Tilton, Luther C. Tilton, Thomas Tilton, Worthington B. Tilton, Nathan B. Wharton, William. H. Wharton, James Waller, Christian Weinstein, William West, Benjamin Whitington, Martin L. Wilson, William H. Wilson, William P. Wilson,. Jesse Youngblue, John H. Youngblue. The Noble county boys in Company F were John Armstrong, Oren Blake, Israel Blake, Cydnor T. Blake, Richard M. Brown, Sylvester Cunningham, Hebron Dyer, Sidney J. Glidden, Francis IL Headley, Absalom, Hardin, Aurelius Hutchins., Andrew McKee, Welcome Parker, Dunlap Wiley, Jonathan. Wheeler, Luther Wheeler, Allen. Wheeler, James W. Webber, Enoch F. Webber. William Fowler was captain of Company H; Benjamin Clowser was first lieutenant; and Frederick Secrest was second lieutenant. The membership of the company consisted of Charles Arndt, David Ayres, Isaac Bond, Alexander Booher, Virgil M. Bratton, John Brickey, Samuel. Brickey, James Brown, Hiram Browning, Benjamin Clark, Lawrence Clark, Charles Coeld, Elijah Coffman, Jacob Cope, Robert Courtney, Harpie David, Eli Davis, Joseph Davis, William Donald, Merryman Downey, Thomas Downey, George A. Duddle, Lewis Fowler, William. Fowler, John R. Fowler, Rufus Fogle, George Fry, Isaac Fry, John Fulton, George W. Gander, James M. Gray, William Glover, David Groves, Alfred Gaunt, John Halley, Isaac Hickle; Isaac N. Hickle, Abram Hamilton, Walker Hamilton, Elza Johnson, John Johnson, Trriah Johnson, Noah Kackley, James Keller, Abram King, Hiram Knight, James Laughlin, Christopher Lippett, Elihu, Lippekt, Alexander Lyon, George H. McCandless, William N. McCandless Matthew McCleary, William McElroy, Finley McGary, Joseph McLaughlin, William McLaughlin, Scott Matheny, Thomas N. Newton, Levi Nicholson, Nathan Norman, Elisha. Piper, Jonathan Piper, James Rhinehart, Stewart Roberts, 88 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. James Ro1in, Ezra Russell, John. Russell, James Simon, George. Staffer, Jesse Strawd, Daniel Tuttle, Joel A. Tuttle, Joel L. Tuttle, James A Trimmer, Abram Vernon, Mitchel West, Lewis Vestcott,' Harry Wheeler, Elhannon Wood. The three companies comprising the Ninety-Third battalion were mustered in, as already stated, on May 9, and the term of their service expired early in September. During that time they saw but little, of the strenuous side of military life, being employed most of the time in conducting supplies to Hunter's army in the Shenandoah Valley, though it was engaged in several sharp skirmishes around Martinsburg, Shepherdstown, and Maryland Heights. One unacquainted with the character of the Noble county people would suppose that by this time the supply of men capable of bearing arms was well nigh exhausted. But every call for fresh troops met with a hearty response and somehow there were always found men in the county ready to enlist. The age limit was not closely applied in making up any of the military organizations of the county. Boys in their teens marched alongside of men whose hair was generously sprinkled with the silver of age', and both made good soldiers. So, when the One Hundred and Seventy-Sixth volunteer infantry was organized at Camp Chase in the fall of 1864; Noble county was represented by nearly all of Company G and a large part of Company I. The commissioned officers of Company G were Allen G. Floyd, captain; James E. Phelps, first lieutenant ; Simon K. Young, second lieutenant. The muster roll of the company bore the names of David L. Adams, George W. Addlesperger, William A. Allender, Allison Archer, isau Archer, George W. Archer, John M. Archer, Peter Archer Church Ball, Adam C. Barnes, John H. Barnes, George H. Barry, Isaac Bates. Robert Bates, Allen Berry, Otho Brokaw, Robert Butler, Noah Cale, John H. Camden, John Clark, Thomas Clark, Job Cooper, Francis W. Craig, Henry H. Crane, Henry Cronin, John H. Crow, Greenberry Davis, William E. Davidson, Charles DeLong, Jaines Eckles, William Eckles, Henry Enochs, James Enochs Shephard Enochs, Jesse Finch, John Finch, Wallace . Foster, John Gibson, James E. Harding, Lorenzo D. Hill, David Hupp, Lewis V. Hupp, Theodore Ijams, Elijah Johnson, George W. Jones, Philip Jones, Thomas Lake, Benjamin Lamley, Edward Lamley, John Lamley, James Lincicome, John Z. Long, Noah Long, Thomas McConnell, Thomas Mercer, Andrew J. A:&rry, David Mitchell, Nathan Moore, Robert Moran, Arius N. Morris, Christian A. Mossburgh, Henry Musser, Jr., Joseph H. Odell, Theodore Osborn, Jacob A. P'almer, Henley E. Peters, John Poulton, John W. Poulton, John Powell, William Rinehart, Frederick Roach, John A. Robinson, Sylvanus L Robinson, Samuel F. Rock, Henry Ross, Peter Rucker, Philip Shanks, Thomas Shilling, Mathias Sheble, William Shipley, John W. THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 89 Shirk, John Smith, Benjamin Stephens, William G. Stoaks, John Thomas, Gilbert W.. True, Uriah Tuttle, Ellis Vore, Alfred Valford, Thomas J. Waller, John W. West, William M. West, John White, Alekander Wickham, Jacob Wickham, Nathan Wickham, Rouse Wickham, David Wilson, Joseph Wright, and Simon K. Young. The commissioned officers. of Company I were. William M. McMackin, captain John Hallan.d, first lieutenant and Perry T. Nichols, second lieutenant. The rank and file of the company consisted of James Archer, William Archer, Nathaniel Bates, Connetis S. Bennett, William A. Bonnell, William H. Bucher, Thomas Boyd, John D. Calvert, Jonathan Carr, James A. Carson, Jonathan Cash, Orleana Coon, Simpson Coon, William Cummings., William Day, John Ellis, Hugh English, James S. Farley, John Gallagher, George Gardner, Joseph P., Graham, Jesse M. Gray, I. K. Gregory, James H. Gregory, William H. Hamer, Robert W. Hamilton, Aaron Hesson, Samuel Hesson, Edward W. Hill, James A. Hill, Dennis Jams, John William McFarland, John McKehis, James McLaughlin, George McBride, Joseph Mantle, Levi Matthews, Thomas E. Matthews William H. Miles, Robert Millner, Marion Milton, Thomas W. Oshefe,. William G. parker, Alexander Pricer, Jacob Pritchard, William Rhodes, John Roads, Jacob Savier, Sylvester W. Stockdale, Thomas B. Tarleton, James T'etenish, William Tripp, Henry H. Tople, Isaac A. Vance, Anthony Williams, James Williams, Jesse Williams, Daniel Wiley, David Wilson, John L. Winch, John Wolf, and Samuel R. Yoho. In February, 1865, came the last call for infantry troops in which. Noble county participated. In that month. the One Hundred and Eighty-Fifth and the One Hundred and Eighty-Sixth regiments were organized, with headquarters. at Barnesville. The One Hundred and Eighty-Sixth was mustered in on . February 14, for one year. In this regiment Noble county was represented. by Company G,. with William Brarnhall as captain, John Bramhall as first lieutenant, and John Mitchell as second lieutenant. The muster roll of the company contained the names of Aaron Archer, Ambrose Archer, Isaac Archer, James Archer, Nathan Archer, Sebastian. Archer, Thomas Archer, Zachariah Barlow, Philo V. Barnes, Miles P. Bevans, William M. Caldwell, Abner M. Chapthan, David Cline, Richard T. Crandel, Robert F. Dailey, Samuel Davidson, Henry Dann, Thomas Edwards, Isaac Enoch; Isaac. Enochs, Jr., Richmond Enochs, Alfred Farley, Elijah Forshey, John Forshey, Thomas. Forshey, Joseph Freeman, Russell Glidden, Silas J. Gordon, George Grandon, Stephen Grandon, William .Grandon ISaac Harper, Mordecai. Harper, William Harper, Henry W. Heidelsheimer, James Hicks, George Hiddleston; John Hughey, William T. Hutchinson, Richard Jams, Siamuel King, William L. King, David Kline, Robert J. Lawrence, Archibald O. Lovall, 90 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. Abraham McBride, Jacob McBride, Owen McBride, Samuel McBride, Conright McCoy, Cornelius McElfresh, James R.. McPherson, Alonzo Mallet, Friendly Mallett, !Lucius W. Mallett, Orrin Mallett, George Miller, Stephen Mills, William. N. Mills, Thomas Murry, Eli Neptune, William D. Nieswanger, Alfred Pepper, John H. Phillips, Alexander Sands, John W. Slack, John Slusher, Harmon P. Smith, Henry Smith, Henry H. Smith, James W. Smith, John W. Smith, Peter C. Smith, James Spence, Michael H. Spence, Othey Swain, Samuel Swain., Zachariah Swain, James Swaney, Edward Y. Taylor, Melville C. Taylor, Richard Taylor, William H. Thomas, George W. Todd, Jacob Van Fossen, Adam Warner, Matthias Westfield, Benjamin L. Wilson, William Wilson, Patterson F. Yoho, William Young. Noble county contributed Company D to the One Hundred and Eighty-Fifth infantry, which was mustered in on February 25, 1865, for ,one year. Mathias D. Rodecker was captain of the company George W. Beymer was first lieutenant; and William C. Calland was second lieutenant. The non-commissioned officers and privates were Isaac Arters, Wilson S. Bailey, Nathan Barnes, George Bircher, William. H. Brown, George M. Butler, Charles W. Calland, Richard. Calland, William C. Calland, Thomas Carter, Edward Cleary, Charles Craig, William Craig, John W. Curtis, John M. Danford, George W. Dotson; Charles W. Dowell, James W. Drake, Thomas, A. Forshey, Erasmus I. French, William French, John W. Fry, Henry R. Guiler, John W.. Hare, Abraham Kent, Cyrus Loper, James M. McGinnis, John. R. McGinnis, James A. Miligan, Alexander Milton, Jason Moore, Milton Moore, Samuel Moffitt, Richard T'. Norvil, William M. Nowell, Richard G. Okey, Michael M. Peters David W. Phalle, William H. Piggatt, Edward T. Reed, Joseph E. Selby William Shepherd, James T'. Slack, William T. Staats, George A. Selby, William West, Franklin Wiley, Levi Willey, Lorin Willey, John Wilson, John M. Wilson. Neither of these two late regiments saw much actual service, the One Hundred and Eighty-Sixth being mustered out at Nashville, Tenn., September 18, 1865, and the One Hundred and Eighty-Fifth at Lexington, Ky., September 26. In addition to the infantry companies named, there were a number of Noble county men in other companies, notably Company B of the Ninth Ohio volunteer cavalry, the Twenty-Second battery, Ohio light artillery, and Company F of the Sixty-Third infantry, which was filled with Noble county recruits after the original organization was depleted by arduous service. To give an accurate account of the individual records of these men would be an extremely difficult matter, at this distant day, and is therefore not attempted. It is safe to say, though, that no matter where they were found, they did their duty, THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 91 for out of the hundreds of men that enlisted from Noble county very few were dismissed from the service for conduct, unbecoming to a soldier, and less than a. dozen are known to have deserted. Out of one of those desertions, however, occurred an incident that will long be remembered by the residents of Noble county, and particularly those of Noble township. The affair has been handed down to history as the "Hoskinsville Rebellion." All along the Ohio river there were many who felt that the war could have been avoided. They were either immigrants from the Southern States, or descendants of those who had come from that section of the Union, and their sympathies were with the slaveholders to a considerable degree. Among them were some who recognized not the truth of the old adage that "Discretion is the better part of valor," and kept their tongues wagging in denouncing the government for its attitude toward the South. The draft of October, 1862, encouraged this class of mischief makers and led to the organization of such societies as the "Knights of the Golden Circle." The southern portions of Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio were full of this class of people, and by the beginning- of the year 1863 they had grown sufficiently bold to offer organized resistance to the Federal authorities in a few instances. One purpose of the secret orders was to have the members write to their friends in the army, persuading them to desert, and promising those who would do so the aid and protection of the society. On January 25, 1863, a. young school teacher of Noble township wrote to his cousin in the Seventy-Eighth Ohio infantry. The letter contained the following extract "Well, Wesley, my advice to you is this, and it is not given without much reflection, knowing the danger to which such a step will expose you. Come home, if you can possibly get home, for to conquer the South is an impossibility, and the only hope for you to reach home is to desert, for to stay where you are is death, and to desert can be no worse." The recipient took the advice contained in the letter, deserted his post, came home, and found concealment near Hoskinsville. In February the letter happened to fall into unfriendly hands and was published, whereupon the adjutant-general of Ohio caused two warrants to be issued for the apprehension of the deserter and also for the writer of the letter. Deputy United States Marshal Colby was sent from Cincinnati with a corporal's guard to make the arrests. Upon arriving at Hoskinsville the deputy marshal was surprised to find the men he desired under the protection of a well organized and armed mob *At the time this letter fell into the hands of the authorities it was thought to be part of a well-organized movement to demoralize the army, but it afterward developed that it was the individual act of a thoughtless young man, who, in his zeal, did not weigh the consequences of such a course. 92 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. which dared the officer to attempt to take the men. Deeming it unwise to try to serve the warrants the marshal and his posse retired and the mob became jubilant to think they had won a victory over the government Their joy was destined to be of short duration. Marshal Colby tried to make the arrests on March 11. When he found himself thwarted he reported without delay to United States Marshal, A. C. Sands, at Cincinnati. A hurried consultation was held with Colonel Eastman, commander of the post at Cincinnati, and the result was that two companies, B and H, of the One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio, under Capt. L. F. Hacke and Lieutenants Clotworthy and Hudson, were ordered to Hoskinsville with instructions to make the arrests at all hazards if the parties could be found. This force proceeded by rail to Cambridge, where it arrived on the evening of 18th, and the following morning took, tin the march to Hoskinsville. About the middle of the afternoon of Friday, March 20, the troops reached their destination to find the place almost deserted, only a few old, decrepit men and the women and children: remaining in the: village, the men who had constituted the mob of a few days before being in hiding in the neighboring hills. The soldiers established "Camp Hardy"* and went into quarters to await the return of the citizens. They remained at Hoskinsville until Monday, March 23, when they broke camp and marched to Cambridge via Caldwell with seventeen prisoners. Later other arrests were made, the total number of prisoners being thirty-five, who were: cited for trial before the Federal court. at Cincinnati. The deserter had managed to escape to Canada and the teacher who had written the letter had also disappeared. After the war the former came back to Noble county where he is still living, but the latter never returned. Of the men arrested nine pleaded guilty and were fined and imprisoned. Indictments were returned against ten others for conspiracy. Three of those were found guilty and fined five: hundred dollars each. Some trouble was experienced by the government in getting witnesses to Cincinnati and heroic measures had to be adopted in a number of cases.t Such was the famous "Hoskinsville Rebellion." After a lapse of more than forty years the incident is referred to in a spirit of levity by the old residents of Noble county, but at the time it occurred it was no laughing matter. *The camp was so named in honor of Moses D. Hardy, who had furnished the officers with the names of a number of those who participated in the insurrection of March 11. *One of the government witnesses was John Emmons, then a boy of fifteen, now treasurer of the county. The writer acknowledges his obligations to Mr. Emmons for his recollections of the affair. Chapter VII. PROGRESS SINCE THE WAR-THE OIL FIELDS-FIRST WELLS-A MIDNIGHT EXPERIENCE-DAVID MCKEE-A CONFIDENCE. GAME -RAILROAD AGITATION-- --THE OLD CALICO ROADMARIETTA & PITTSBURG COMPANY INCORPORATED- CONTRACT LET FOR CONSTRUCTION-FIRST TRAIN TO CALDWELL-THE NARROW GAUGE -ZANESVILLE & SOUTHEASTERN-TWO COMPANIES CONSOLIDATED- COMPLETED IN 1883—NEW TOWNS IN NOBLE COUNTY--DEXTER CITY-SOUTH OLIVE-DUDLEY-AVABELLE VALLEY -EAST UNION- MOUNDSVILLE-FULDA- GROWTH OF CALDWELL-NEWSPAPERS-INCORPORATED-PETITIONERS -VILLAGE OF THE SECOND CLASS- FIRST TRUSTEES-LIST OF CITY OFFICIALS-BANKS-FAIR ASSOCIATION-BUILDING AND LOAN Ass̊- CIATION - IMPROVEMENT BONDS FIRE - WATER-WORKS -DEATH OF JOHN GRAY-"PRIVATE" DALZELL-SOLDIERS' REUNIONS-MOUND BUILDERS RELICS-AUSTRALIAN BALLOT LAW -NEW JUDICIAL CIRCUIT--SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR-MILITIA -.MEDICAL SOCIETY" ORGANIZED- THE GREAT SNOW STORM-CENTENNIAL ODE. SINCE the great Civil war the progress of Noble county has been steadily forward along peaceful lines. When her sons were discharged from the army they returned to their homes, "beat their swords into plough-shares and their spears into pruning hooks," and began the creation of new wealth to take the place of that destroyed by the ravages of war. The valor of the soldier has been extolled in history and song, but the meed of the artisan and husbandman is to be found chiefly in the cold, unsympathetic statistics that mark a nation's. advancement. Yet the triumphs over the forces of nature—the deeds that distinguish civilized man from the barbarian—are no less deserving of praise than the victories of arms. Since the war the industrial development of the county has gone forward with great strides. Railroads have been constructed, thus placing the people of Noble county in communication with the outside world, and adding to their commercial possibilities , schools and churches have been founded for the intellectual development and moral welfare of the people; newspapers. have been established to 94 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. chronicle. their doings and new industries opened to minister to their physical comfort. One of these industries, and one that has contributed in no small degTee to the material wealth of the county, is that of oil production. Oil was first discovered in Noble county in 1814. For many years prior to that time a deer-lick, near the place where the village of Olive was afterward started, was known to be rich. in salt. In 1814 Silas Thorla, who had previously been in the employ hetihe Kanawha salt works, was attracted to the spot, and determined to sink a. well for the purpose of engaging in the manufacture of salt, which at that time was worth. two dollars a bushel, and hard to. obtain at times even at that price. At the depth of about two hundred feet a rich vein of salt water was struck, but it was so impregnated with oil that for a time it was thought to be unfit for use. It was soon discovered, however, that by letting it stand awhile the oil could be skimmed off and the water converted into salt. A few of the settlers tried the experiment of using the oil in their lamps, but in its crude state it, made so much smoke and emitted such a disagreeable odor that the attempt was abandoned. No further effort was made to utilize the oil and hundreds of gallons of it were allowed to go to waste. Much of it was gathered by peddlers and sold under the name of "Seneca Oil," as a. remedy for rheumatism and kindred ailments. In addition to salt water and oil, the Thorla well would at times issue gas with such pressure that the water would be forced forty or fifty feet in the air! This occurred about once a. week and the salt making had to be suspended while the blowing process teas under way. It was observed that the gas was easily ignited and that it burned steadily, but, as in the case of the oil, no effort was made to turn, it to account. About a year after the Thorla well was. sunk, Robert and John Caldwell and an Englishman named Hill drilled a well about a half mile. further up the little stream and began the manufacture of salt there. This well, like its neighbor, produced both oil and gas, but, as salt was the principal object of the quest, the by-products were allowed to go to waste. John McKee, an old. pioneer, gave the following interesting recollections of this well, in an interview in the Caldwell Republican in the summer of 1870. It seems that the demand for salt was sufficient to justify the proprietors in running the works day and night, the water to supply the kettles through the night being pumped during the day. Mr. McKee said: "One night it fell to the lot of Robert Caldwell to 'run the machine.' Everything went well with him until nearly morning, when he found * The oil was so named because the Seneca Indians were known to have used a similar oil in their ceremonies, for medicinal purposes, as early as the middle of the eighteenth century. They obtained it on Oil Creek, in western Pennsylvania. THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 95 the water nearly exhausted and had to pump more. For this purpose he mounted a platform made of puncheons to reach the spring pole; this brought him eight or ten feet above the ground and almost directly over the well. In. order to have light upon his work, he carried some blaing coals upon a piece of hickory bark. He placed the bark upon. the floor, seized the spring pole and commenced Work but ere his task was half completed a live coal fell through the floor and very near to the well—quite near enough to ignite the gas from the well. Mr. Caldwell said he saw a ball of fire rise upward, while the timbers cracked and the irons rattled and his hair stood on end. Slowly this ball ascended, being fully as large as a haycock, until it reached the highest branches of a hickory tree standing near, when it exploded making a noise equal to the loudest thunder. The noise was heard for five miles in every direction. * * * Robert Caldwell was not hurt, but a worse scared man was never seen on Duck Creek." In August, 1859, Col. E. L. Drake, acting for a syndicate of capitalists, struck oil near Titusville, Pa. Within a few weeks an. intense excitement pervaded all Western Pennsylvania and even extended to other States. A popular song, entitled "Oil on the Brain," was sung throughout the country. Shortly after Drake's discovery, -David McKee, of Noble county, visited the oil regions of Pennsylvania and became interested in the oil question. Forming an agreement with George J. Duff, a Pittsburg operator he began active operations in the Duck Greek field in the summer of 1860. Others were in the field equally as early and in a little while the oil excitement was as great in Southeastern Ohio as it had been in Pennsylvania the year previous. The first oil well to "come in." in Noble county was on the. farm of Dennis Gibbs, and was drilled in the summer of 1860. A little later the second well was: completed on Frank Blake's farm, and while oil was found in both places it was in. small quantities and the wells were abandoned. In the fall a well was drilled on James Dutton's farm, about a mile from Macksburg. This well yielded about one hundred barrels a day and great excitement followed. In a few weeks the territory was full of prospectors and one could see derricks in every direction. The first well drilled by McKee & Duff was what was known as the "Diamond Well," not far from the present site of Dexter City, in Jefferson township. Oil was found in paying quantities but the well had to be abandoned on account of the excessive flow of water. This much was known of the Noble county oil fields before the war began. By the fall of 1861 all work tending toward the development of the field was suspended. Like nearly every other discovery of rich natural resources the real development had to be preceded by a period of wild speculation. After the restoration of peace, attention was again directed to the possibilities of vast fortunes being acquired 96 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. in oil. Speculators from New York, New England, and Pennsylvania visited Ohio. for the purpose. of leasing or purchasing all the land's under which it was thought oil could be found. Companies with capital stock running into millions were organized, the sale of this stock being. the principal object. Farms worth forty dollars an acre sold for a thousand, some refusing even this high figure.* After the collapse of this bubble the real prospecting for oil commenced and has gone on until the present time. In 1903 it was estimated, by competent persons, that there were from two hundred and fifty to three hundred paying wells in operation in Noble. county. Most of the early wells were sunk only to what was called the second sand, ranging in depth from five hundred to nine hundred feet. Some were even less than five hundred. The supply of oil in these wells was soon exhausted and for a time it looked as if the entire field would have to be given up. The completion of the railroad from Marietta to Caldwell, in the fall of 1871, offered the oil producers an opportunity to get the output of their wells to market and the oil industry received a new impetus that led some of the prospectors to try the experiment of sinking wells to a greater depth. In connection with the further development of the Macksburg field a smooth piece of exploiting was done by some of the. class known as "wild catters" from the Pennsylvania fields. These men put down a well, in Jefferson township, about three miles from Macksburg, sinking it to the third sand, Where oil was found in abundance. They were very secret in their movements, however, and, instead of pumping the well, plugged it, took down the derrick, and announced that the experiment was a failure. Several farms in the neighborhood had been leased, the leases being contingent upon the discovery of oil. These leases were not consummated and the field was apparently vacated for good. Then one of the "wild catters," pretending to have learned that some others were desirous of testing the field, suggested to one of the farmers in the vicinity that he might, by pouring some oil on the surface around the well, lease his land to good advantage when the new men arrived on the ground. Soon afterward the supposed strangers put in an appearance, sure enough, and the- "salted mine" worked fully as well as its projectors had intended. The newcomers were favorably struck with the prospects and at once began the work of leasing lands. Here is where the scheme worked the other way. The neighboring farmers., believing the well to have been a failure, as given out by the men who had drilled it, leased their lands: at a comparatively low * As a matter of fact very few farms were actually bought by these oil companies. Fabulous prices were offered but only in a few instances were the lands actually paid for, the main object being to dispose of the stock. Such lands as were bought were necessary to the companies to carry out their representation as owners of oil lands in the new field. THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 97 figure. Many of them: sold their farms outright, at prices about equal to their. value for agricultural purposes. When the lands had all been secured the development of the field was begun in earnest and in a short time the Macksburg oil region was producing more than three thousand barrels of oil daily. Some of the farmers who had parted with their lands on easy terms felt chagrined over the manner in which they had been made the victims of a confidence game, but it was another application of the old consolation, "What can't be cured must be endured." At the close of the war the greatest need of Noble county was improved transportation facilities. As early as 1849 the Sharon Railroad Company had been incorporated by Isaac Parrish, J. M. Stone, Oliver Keyser, Elijah Stevens, and Samuel Aikens, With a capital of $30,000. The purpose was to build a road froth Sharon to the most available point on the Muskingum river in Washington county. The following summer the work of grading the road was commenced but it was soon discovered that the capital was entirely insufficient to carry out the project. In the articles of association it was provided that the road might be extended to Marietta or Cumberland, or both. In 1853, the Guernsey county court granted the company permission to. increase the capital stock to $50,000 and to extend the road to Cumberland, in pursuance of the provisions of the charter. The company was re-organized and several propositions, each more pretentious than its predecessor, were broached. After ten years spent in futile endeavors to build the road from some .place on the Ohio river near Steubenville to Cincinnati, and after more than $250,000 had been expended in the undertaking the old. "Calico" road. as it. was called, was relegated to oblivion. In, 1866 the agitation was begun in favor of a railroad from Mari- etta to Point Pleasant. Meetings were held. along the line of the proposed road but the people, remembering their unhappy experiences with the old "Calico" route, gave the, movement at first but was encouragement. The first interest manifested in. Noble county was at a meeting held at Caldwell, on November 8, 1866. At this meeting William McKee, Dennis S. Gibbs, and George Fetters were appointed as a committee to visit Cumberland and Marietta to counsel with the people of those cities and bring about some concert of action. For a time efforts were made to revive the old "Calico" charter, but that plan was finally abandoned and preliminary surveys were made, along both the east and West forks of Duck creek, for a road running from .Marietta, through Caldwell and Cambridge, to some point in the interior of the State. Matters dragged along for about a year and a half, until February 19, 1868, when a meeting was held. at Cambridge, at which a large number of people from Guernsey,. Washington and Noble counties were present. At that time it was decided to 7  98 - THE COUNTY OF NOBLE. drop all negotiations with the old company and form a new one. The work of perfecting the organization of this new company was entrusted to a committee, consisting of Gen. A. J. Warner, of Marietta, E W. Mathews, of Cambridge, and James S. Foreman, a prominent attorney of Caldwell. The committee went to work with commendable zeal, and in the following September the Marietta & Pittsburg Railroad company was incorporated. In October W. H. Frazier, William 0. Okey, and William W. Glidden, of Caldwell, and R. R. Dawes and William P. Cutler, of Marietta, were authorized to receive stock subscriptions and donations for the construction of the road.* A year later a fund of $175,000 had been subscribed in Noble and Washington counties and it was decided to begin work upon the road at once. A contract was accordingly made with Warner, McArthur Co. to build the road from Marietta to Caldwell. For doing so they were to receive $5,000 a. mile in cash $4,000 in capital stock, and $8,000 in seven per cent first mortgage bonds. Work was pushed with great vigor and in November, 1871, trains began running between Caldwell and Marietta. The arrival of the first train at Caldwell was hailed with demonstrations of joy. At last Noble county was in direct communication with that great artery of commerce, the Ohio river. In 1872 the road was completed to Cambridge, and two years later it was extended to Canal Dover where it forms important connections with the trunk lines running north and east. The. road has had a. somewhat checkered career. It has several times been in 'the hands of a receiver. It has been known as the Marietta & Pittsburg, the Marietta, Pittsburg & Cleveland, the Cleveland &. Marietta, and is now operated as. the Marietta Division of the Pennsylvania System. The stockholders have never accumulated large fortunes from the dividends received; but the road had been an important factor in developing the natural resources of Noble county, nevertheless. About the time that the Marietta & Pittsburg railroad was completed to Caldwell, agitation. was started for the construction of a narrow gauge railroad from Zanesville to Caldwell, and ultimately to some point on the Ohio river. The agitation culminated in the incorporation of the Zanesville, Cumber' land & Caldwell railroad company, but the project received but little support from the people of Noble county, owing to the fact that all their energies were at that time 'being exerted in behalf of the Marietta & Pittsburg road, which was already, an assured reality. In 1872 the Bellaire, Woodsfield & Zanesville railroad company was organized. Later the interests of the two companies were consolidated under the name of the Bellaire & Southwestern railroad company, with E G. Morgan as president, and *In order to secure the completion of the road to Caldwell, Noble county was required to raise $60,000. Altogether the citizens subscribed about $115,000 to build the road through the county. THE COUNTY OF NOBLE - 99 Col. S. L. Mooney as general superintendent. Work was commenced on the road in 1876 and on Thanksgiving day, in 1879, the first train ran over the road from Bellaire to Woodsfield. The opening of the line thus far stimulated the interest in the western end of the proposed road and on December 16 a meeting was held at Summerfield to take the necessary steps to secure the completion of the road to that place, at any rate. Everyone seemed to take a lively interest in the matter and many felt that Summerfield would have a railroad before many months had elapsed. In January, 1880, the work of soliciting subscriptions and securing the right of way was begun. Then the committee met the real difficulties of the situation. Quite a number of those who had talked in favor of the road declined to give any substantial aid when called upon to do so. Through the summer the enterprise languished and for a time it looked as though the whole undertaking was doomed to failure. In December, 1880, the matter was revived by a meeting at Caldwell, at which it was proposed to make that town the western terminus of the road. At that meeting prominent representatives of the railroad company were present and proposed to furnish' and lay the iron rails, and fully equip and operate the road between Woodsfield and Caldwell if the people along the route would pay for grading the road bed, secure the right of way, and furnish the ties. To do this would require a subscription of a little more than -$100,000. John W. Tipton, Fulton Caldwell, W. W. Collins, William W. Glidden, R. P. Summers, George A. Smith, and David S. Spriggs were appointed a committee to make a tentative canvass for subscriptions, and to secure the co-operation of the people of Summerfield, Freedom, Louisville, and Sarahsville in raising the amount. The work proceeded slowly and it was not until the fall of 1881 that the entire, sum was subscribed. In the meantime a company had been formed at Zanesville to build a road from that city to Beverly, to connect with the Bellaire & Southwestern. This, company was known as the Zanesville & Southeastern railroad company. In January, 1882, it. was consolidated with the Bellaire & Southwestern, under the name of the Bellaire, Zanesville & Cincinnati railroad company. Muskingum county donated over $200,000 to the new scheme and work was begun at Zanesville on a line to meet the eastern end. In August, 1883, trains began running between Bellaire and Summerfield. In November of the same year trains began running between Caldwell and Zanesville, and on December 3, the first train ran through. to Bellaire from Zanesville, and the B. Z. & C. was complete.* The road has passed through the usual * From Zanesville to Bellaire by the narrow gauge is 112 miles. As the road runs through a hilly country the greater part of the way. and follows the course of the streams much of the distance, numerous curves occur. This has given rise to the nickname of the "Bent, Zigzag & Crooked," a play upon the initials of the terminal stations.