1000 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY Unto Mr. and Mrs. Parker were born three children: Blanche, who di at the age of four years ; Florence E., the wife of Harry E. Cook, now a resident of Morrow county, Ohio; and Harry A., at home. The son is living with his mother, and operates the home farm, which he has done since his father's death. Although but twenty years of age, he displays good business ability and enterprise, and is meeting with success in his business undertakings. Mr. Parker was a democrat and took an active interest in politics, keeping always well informed on the questions and issues of the day. He desired the upbuilding of the county along substantial lines, and gave his cooperation to many movements for the public good. In his business affairs, too, he was found thoroughly reliable as well as energetic and he made for himself a creditable name in agricultural circles. He died June 11, 1904. Mrs. Parker now owns and occupies the farm of two hundred and twenty-one acres in Perry township. The land is splendidly improved, being equipped with all the' accessories and conveniences of a model farm. She is a member of the Lutheran church, and her Christian faith guides her in all her acts and (hit' WILLIAM GILCHRIST. William Gilchrist is classed among the representative farmers and stock-raisers of Richland county, owning and operating a tract of eighty acres, situated on section 10, Jackson township. He was born near Savannah in Ashland county, this state, October 7, 1839, and in the maternal line comes of Irish ancestry. His parents were Robert and Martha (Gregg) Gilchrist the former a native of Pennsylvania,familythe latter of Ireland. The family removed from Ashland county to Mahaska county, Iowa, in 1847 and there the mother passed away in for onlyle the father survived for only one year, his death occurring in 1851. Their family numbered three children, two daughters and a son, the sisters of our subject being, Mrs. Elizabeth Quinn, who is now deceased; and Mrs. Jennie Forbes, a resident of Ashland. William Gilchrist was a little lad of eight years at the time of the parents’ removal from Ashland county, this state, to Mahaska county, Iowa. He was only eleven years of age at the time of the mother's death and was left an orphan at the age of twelve. Following his parents' demise he and his two sisters were taken to Ashland county to make their home with an uncle, James Gregg, with whom Mr. Gilchrist remained until the fall of 1862. He then enlisted for service in the Civil war, becoming a member of the Tenth Ohio Cavalry, Army of the Cumberland, the regiment being under the command of Kilpatrick. He took part in the battles of Stone River, Chickamauga, Buzzards’ Roost, Tunnel Hill, Resaca, Kenesaw Mountain and Chattahoochie River, but was on scout duty the greater part of the time. In the fall of 1864 he was taken prisoner at Campbellton, Georgia, and was sent to Macon, where he was retained for about one month, and was then sent to the Lawton prison where he remained for five weeks, susbequent to which time he was sent to HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1003 Florence, South Carolina, where. he was kept for three months. He was then paroled at Richmond and was discharged, June 12, 1865. Returning to Ashland county, Mr. Gilchrist sought and secured employment on a farm, being thus employed until 1878. In the spring of that year he invested his money in the present homestead property, comprising eighty acres of land, situated on section 10, Jackson township. He has improved the place with good buildings, has. tiled and fenced the land and has made it a model property. He is here engaged in general farming and stock-raising and in both branches of business is meeting with excellent success. Mr. Gilchrist has been twice married, his first union being with Miss Almira M. Dunlap, whom he wedded in 1875. She was born in Richland county and died July 8, 1894, leaving five children, namely: Thomas O., of Ashtabula, Ohio ; Mary M., the wife of Riley Bricker, of Shelby, Ohio ; Nellie, the wife of George Funk, of Sharon township ; Mrs. Lizzie Bell, who died in 1894; and Ruth, at home. For his second wife Mr. Gilchrist chose Margaret J. Brown, their marriage being celebrated in 1900. . Her birth occurred in Ashland county, this state. Mr. Gilchrist supports the men and measures of the republican party, but has never been active as an office seeker, for he has found that his time has been fully taken up by his private business affairs. He is a member of the Lutheran church at London. He may truly be called a self-made man, for he started out in life as a penniless orphan and in the years that have since come and gone has worked his way up in the business world until today he is numbered among the substantial citizens of Richland county, having won the confidence of all with whom he has had business dealings, for he ever adheres strictly to honest and honorable methods. WILLIAM B. MILLIKIN. William B. Millikin, a retired farmer and traveling man, now residing in the village of Ontario, is numbered among Ohio's native sons, his birth having occurred in Allen county, December 2, 1837. His father, Daniel Millikin, was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, October 20, 1812, and was a farmer and merchant. The grandfather, John H. Millikin, was also a native of the Keystone state, and for a time resided in Frederickstown, Ohio, while just prior to the war of 1812 he removed to Washington county, Pennsylvania. After the outbreak of hostilities between this country and England he joined the army and did valiant service for the American cause. Upon his return from the war he removed to Springfield township, Richland county, Ohio, taking up his abode near what is now the site of the village of Ontario. Here he spent his remaining days and was closely associated with the pioneer development and progress of the locality. His son, Daniel Millikin, father of our subject, was reared in Springfield township, amid the wild scenes and developments of pioneer life. He built the first. house in Ontario, and after living for some time there, removed to Allen county, Ohio, in 1836. He 1004 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY continued to. make the latter county his home until called . to his final rest in 1883. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Minerva Bowers, was a native Of Richland county and died in the year 1849. They were the parents of five children : William B., Hannah, Anna, Jerry, and Malissa. After losing his first wife the rather married again in 1850, his second union being with Sarah. Musser, who passed away a few years later. For his third wife Daniel Millikin chose Rachel Van Meter, whom he wedded in 1858. They had two children Daniel Perry, who resides in Illinois; and Thomas B., who is living in. Mansfield, Ohio. William B. Millikin spent the first nineteen years of his life in the county of his nativity and then arrived in Richland county with little education, and with a dollar and a half as a cash capital. He was ambitious for further intellectual development, however, and. fitted himself for teaching in the district schools, after which he followed that profession in the winter seasons, while in the summer months he worked in the fields. At the time of the outbreak of the Civil war, however, he put aside all business and personal considerations and responded to the country's call, enlisting at Mansfield on the 11th of August, 1862; as a member :of the One Hundred and Twentieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. For three years he was at the front and was honorably discharged as second lieutenant of his company, August 27, 1865. He took an active part in some of the most sanguinary battles of the war, including the engagements at Chickasaw Bluff, December 8, 1862; Arkansas Post in January, 1863 and the siege and capture of Vicksburg in the same year. Later he was transferred to the department of the gulf and went to New Orleans. Later With his command he proceeded to Texas in the fall of 1863 and spent the winter at Plaquemine in Louisiana. In the spring of 1864 Mr Millikin, then a commissioned officer, was sent down the river in charge of a company of Men to build a mile of dyke. This work he successfully accomplished and the experience which he there acquired in the line of construction has been of marked benefit to him in his later years. In referring to this Mr. Millikin might well use .the words of the late William McKinley, who said : "The time 'spent. 'as a soldier was, I consider, the best schooling of my life, as it gave me an opportunity to learn men and affairs." After completing the dyke Mr. Millikin took part in the Red River campaign. While a part of the command was down the river on the steamboat City Bell, about forty miles below Alexandria, they were attacked by General Taylor and the vessel was captured, the troops being made prisoners of war. Mr. Millikin was among this number. The prisoners were taken to Alexandria and the marched overland, a distance of one hundred and ten miles, to Camp Ford, near Tyler, Texas, where Mr. Millikin was incarcerated from May 23, 1864 until May 27, 1865, when the war was ended, and he was set free, being released on that date at the mouth of the Red river, and for the first time learned of the surrender of Lee,. and the assassination of President Lincoln events which had occurred in the. middle of April, but no news thereof had been allowed to reach the Union soldiers. Mr. Millikin did not complain of his one year's incarceration, for he said that the conditions at Tyler were far superior to those at Andersonville or Libby ; "that they had plenty of good HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1005. water and a reasonable allowance of corn, which was ground just as nature left it—husk, cob and kernel—and then converted into food. While in prison Mr. Millikin was engaged most of the time in making coffins. On one occasion he was in possession of a three bladed knife which he had in some manner concealed from the guards. This he sold for twelve dollars in gold, while engaged upon negotiations whereby he could secure a better knife for ten dollars. The soldiers used many devices wherewith to while away the time, but the hours doubtless at times seemed very long when, in forced inactivity, they awaited the result of the efforts of their brother soldiers on the battlefield. When the war ended Mr. Millikin returned to Richland county and for a brief period engaged in merchandising at Ontario. Six months later, however, he bought a farm of one hundred and sixty acres on section 30, Springfield township, which he still owns. He cultivated this continuously until 1879, when he went upon the road as a traveling salesman, spending twenty years in that way, as representative of the Mansfield Machine Company, McDowell & Company, of Wooster, Ohio, and the Fremont Harvester Company, of Fremont, Ohio. He proved a most capable and successful traveling salesman. While on the road he made large collections, adjusted claims, etc., and his long connection with these different houses stood in incontrovertible evidence of his faithfulness and trustworthiness. He is now living. retired in well earned rest, his energy and diligence in former years providing him with capital sufficient to enable him to enjoy life's comforts at the present time without further recourse to labor. In 1861 Mr. Millikin was married to Miss Elizabeth Walker, who was born in Richland county. They now have four children : Emma Mary, the wife of A. R. Caton, living near Chattanooga, Tennessee; Laura, who has taught school in Richland county and is classed among the best educators of the locality; and Stella., the wife of Dr. Marquand, of Conesville, Ohio. All of the children have taught school and Mr. Millikin was also a school teacher for several years in early life, so that the family have done their full share in promoting educational interests. The eldest daughter, after teaching school for a number of years, entered the Ohio Medical University at Columbus. She was graduated with the class of 1898, winning the degree of M. D., after which she removed to Newark, Ohio, and opened an office. After remaining in practice there for a short time she returned to Ontario, where she has practiced continuously since, and is held in high esteem by the local medical fraternity as well as by the general public. Her professional duties now make heavy demands upon her time and energies, yet she always has a kind word and cheerful greeting for those in need of sympathy or encouragement. She owns a commodious residence in Ontario, which is now occupied by her father and mother. Politically Mr. .Millikin is a stanch republican, having given unswerving support to the party since its organization. He has served as trustee and assessor, and also in other local offices, the duties of which he has discharged with promptness and fidelity. In the Millikin home we find the record of the family, tracing the name back two hundred and fifty years and giving 1006 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY twenty-five different methods of orthography. The records also show that over two thousand Millikins took part in the Civil war. This work was published June 14, 1907, and Dr. Millikin, gathered the data of this particular branch of the family. William B. Millikin has now passed the seventieth milestone on life's journey. He 'is a representative of one of the oldest families of Richland county and in a life of well directed activity has won the honor and respect of his fellowmen. WASHINGTON BOYCE. In a history of Franklin township, it is imperative that mention be made of Washington Boyce, who was here born on the 28th of July, 1845, while in the intervening years he has been closely associated with its agricultural upbuilding and progress. His parents were Rowland and Priscilla (Kendall) Boyce. The father was born in Lincolnshire, England, May 22, 1817. His father was a tailor in England, but during the early boyhood of Rowland Boyce he came with his family to the new world, crossing the Atlantic on a sailing vessel which was ten weeks and two days in completing the trip, the voyage being a very tempestuous one. On the same boat the Kendall family were passengers, although it was some years later before Priscilla Kendall became the wife of Rowland Boyce. She was born in Lincolnshire, England, February 10, 1816, and her death occurred July 23, 1878. Mr. Boyce afterward married again, his second union being with Mary Anne Morthland on the 15th of January, 1879. His death occurred July 3, 1897. All of his children, five in number, were born of the first marriage, namely : George, who is a resident farmer of Franklin township; Mary, deceased Washington William, who follows farming in Franklin township; and Amos, a farmer of the same township. In his political views Rowland Boyce was a democrat, for his study of the questions of the day led him to the belief that the 'principles of that party were destined to prove most effective in advancing good government here. His religious faith was indicated by his membership in the Baptist church. Washington Boyce was educated in the public schools of Franklin township and was at home through the period of his boyhood and youth. He continued to assist his father in carrying on the home farm until twenty-three years of age, when he started out in life on his own account, and has since been well known as an agriculturist of Franklin township. He took up his abode on his present farm at the time of his marriage, forty years ago, and here he owns and cultivates eighty-one acres of land. The soil is arable andvery productive and responds readily. to the care and labor which he bestows upon it. Here he carries on general farming, 'and twenty-four years ago he erected his present residence, while four years. ago he built the substantial barn that is upon the place. He had also added modern equipments of various kinds and is a progressive agriculturist, who keeps in touch with the general advancement that characterizes modern agriculture. HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1007 In 1868 Mr. Boyce, was married to Miss Sarah Gipe, who was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. They have become the parents of ten children: Amos F.,: the eldest, born in 1869, is now assisting in the operation of the home place. He wedded Miss Minnie Carnes, and they have three children: Hazel, Hattie and Byron. Della is the wife of Richard Whistler, of Iowa, and their children are Hester, William, Lewis and Ralph. Lizzie is the wife of William Mumau, and their children are Grace, Allen and Roy, while by a former marriage she had. one child. Alice is the wife of Roy Sipe, and their children are Dexter, Damon and Leila. John married Miss Ollie Tucker, and is living in Madison township. George, a resident farmer of Franklin township, married Sena Baker, and they have four children, Lela, Charles, Emma and Iva. Albert, a resident farmer of Franklin township, wedded Rena Sipe, and they have two Children, Maude and Sherman. Fannie is the wife of Curtis Laser, and they. have three children, Willie, Lester and Austin. Rowland married Viola Mitchell, and Hugh is yet at home. Mr. Boyce exercises his light of franchise in support of the men and measures of the democracy and he and his wife are members of the Baptist church, in which he has served as treasurer for seven years. His life has been quietly passed in unfaltering devotion to his business affairs, nor has he ever been known to take advantage of the necessities of another in a business transaction. Year after year he has carried on the work of the farm, improving his opportunities to the best of his ability, and that he is now a prosperous agriculturist is attributable entirely to his own labors. L. F. CONDON. L. F. Condon is the owner of a good farm of one hundred acres in Madison township and there, in connection with the cultivation of cereals best adapted to soil and climate, he also raises some stock. He was born in this county December 14, 1859, his parents being Elisha and Nancy Ann (Flora) Condon, of whom mention is made on another page of this volume, in connection with the sketch of B. F. Condon. The boyhood days of L. F. Condon were quietly passed upon the home farm, in the acquirement of an education and in the work of the fields. He remained under the parental roof until twenty-three years of age and was then married and started out in life on his own account. As a companion and helpmate for life's journey he chose Miss Ollie J. Scott, who was born in Troy township, this county, October 20, 1861, a daughter of Thomas E. and Amanda (Marlowe) Scott, the former a native of Jefferson county, Ohio,. and the latter of Richland county. In their family were eight children, namely : Mrs. Condon ; Hattie E., the wife of F. E. Sipe., of Mansfield; Nettie, who is deceased; William, a resident of Butler, Richland county; Ida M., the wife of William Carter, also of Richland county; Winnie L., the wife of M. Mann, of Mason county, Ohio; John, who makes his home in Dayton, Ohio; and Katy Pearl, who has departed this life. 1008 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY In early womanhood Mrs. Condon engaged in teaching school, following that profession for five years prior to her marriage. Following their marriage the young couple located on the old homestead, which Mr. Condon rented for nine years. He then purchased one hundred acres of the farm which is located on section 19, Madison township, the soil being rich and arable. Here he raises stock to some extent and his farming interests are bringing him a good return, making him one of the substantial residents of the community. He is active and energetic i.n his business affairs and his unfaltering industry and capable management constitute the secret of his success. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Condon have been born a daughter and son: Bertha L., who was born in 1885, and is now the wife of Chalmer Shauck, a resident of Mansfield ; and Luther L., who was born in 1887, is a graduate of the Mansfield high school, and is still with his parents. The parents are members of the Evangelical Lutheran church, and are much esteemed in the community where they reside. Mr. Condon has served as supervisor and has also been school director for five years, the cause of education finding in him a stalwart champion. AARON LOCKHART. The history of the pioneer settlement of Richland county would be incomplete without the record of Aaron Lockhart, for from an early day he has been a prominent factor in the substantial growth and improvement of the county. He is now numbered among its oldest settlers and makes his home on a farm of one hundred and fifty-three. acres on section 9, Jefferson township, where he has lived continuously since 1861. It seems hardly possible that it is within the memory of. living man when all this district, with nearly every acre under cultivation, was largely a wild and unimproved tract. Comparatively few settlements had been made within its borders at the time of the birth of Mr. Lockhart and the countryside was covered with its native forest growth. There were still many evidences of Indian occupancy, while the homes of the white settlers were largely log cabins in the midst of the forest, save here and there where clearings had been made and the work of agricultural development had been begun. There were no railroads and people traveled mostly on horseback or by private conveyance. A few stage lines had been established in Ohio but extensive travel was practically known. The only trips made were those of necessity, for it required so much time to cover the distance when one journeyed with horse or wagon. Cooking was largely done over the fireplace, which. served also to heat the little cabin, and the forest furnished an abundant supply. of fuel. The houses were lighted. with candles and frequently the furniture was homemade, but the settlers were happy in the hope of becoming in the course of time the owners of rich and productive farms. HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1011 It was upon one of these pioneer farms that Mr. Lockhart was born February 3, 1824, the old family, homestead being located in Jefferson township. His parents were William and Sarah Ann (McDonald) Lockhart, both of whom were natives of Virginia, Whence they removed to Richland county, in 1822. The father purchased a tract of timber land in Jefferson township and thereon erected a log cabin with clapboard roof and puncheon floor and in this crude dwelling the family made their home for many years. To that union three children were born but Aaron Lockhart of this review is now the only surviving member, the others; Benjamin and Mary Ann, both having passed away. The father gave his political support to the republican party. Both he and his wife lie buried in a cemetery on the home farm. Aaron Lockhart was reared in the usual manner of farm lads of that early period. He shared with the other members of the family in the hardships and privations incident to life in a frontier district and was early trained to perform the various tasks of the farm, working in the fields during the spring and summer seasons, while in the winter months he embraced the opportunity that offered to acquire an education. The little temple of learning was a log schoolhouse with its slab seats, tiny windows and other primitive furnishings. The school was conducted on the subscription plan and few branches were taught, the pupil regarding himself fortunate if in addition reading, writing and arithmetic, he could receive instruction in grammar geography. Mr. Lockhart 16st his father when thirteen years of age and afterward lived with his uncle, Aaron Lockhart, until about twenty-four years of age. He early became familiar with the arduous task of developing a new farm but the practical experience which he gained in youth well qualified him for the business cares which devolved upon him in later years. At the age of twenty-four he left his uncle's home and returned to his father's old homestead, where he lived until 1857, 'when he sold that farm and took up his abode in Bellville. For four years he continued a resident of the village and then came to the.farm upon which he how resides. Today it is a well improved tract of rich and valuable land, having been made so through the well directed efforts of the owner. When this tract first came into his possession the only dwelling on the place was a log cabin, in which he made his home for nearly twenty years. Later, however, a more commodious and modern structure was erected but the cabin still stands, being today one of the old landmarks of this .section of the county: Its dimensions were small but in it many happy hours were passed, and though it contained few of the comforts and conveniences which are now a part of almost every home in the locality, it was the abode of hospitality and good cheer and the friends of Mr. and Mrs. Lockhart were always 'welcome there. For many years Mr. Lockhart continued to cultivate and improve his land and each year harvested abundant crops as a reward for the care and labor bestowed upon. it. His former toil, however, now permits him to lay aside the more active duties of life and at present he simply manages his financial interests, his nephew, William Lock hart, giving him. assistance, in this direction. Mr. Lockhart has been married twice. His first union was with Miss Margaret France; a native of England, and. unto them was born one son, 1012 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY who died in infancy. After the death of the wife and mother, Mr. Lockhart was married a second time, this union being with Mrs. Maria Armstrong Harshfield, but she, too, has passed away. On attaining his majority Mr. Lockhart followed in the political footsteps of his father and voted with the whig party. On its dissolution he joined the ranks of the new republican party and for many years gave to it stalwart support, but in recent years he has given his ballot in support of the temperance cause. He has never been active as an office holder, but served for nine years as school director. Although he has passed the eighty-fourth milestone on the journey of life, he is still hale and hearty, giving personal supervision, to his extensive landed interests. No man is more familiar with the history of Richland county than is he, for in the years which have since come and gone he has witnessed a most wonderful transformation and has largely aided in the labors which have transformed this once wild and unsettled region into an excellent district with its well cultivated fields and thriving towns and villages. Now in his declining years he can loo], back over a life well spent and enjoy in well earned ease the merited reward of a long and honorable business career and no man of this section of the state is more honored than is Mr. Lockhart. WILLIAM PEPPARD. William Peppard, who is ,numbered among the few remaining veterans of the Civil war; is also the owner of a fine farm comprising fifty-eight acres situated just outside the corporation limits of Crestline. He is a native son of Ohio, his birth having occurred on Sherman's Hill, in Mansfield, November 9, 1844, a son of Francis and Mary Ann (Morrison) Peppard, the former a native of the Keystone state and the latter of Richland county and of Iris parentage, her parents having come. to this country immediately after their marriage. They spent their remaining days in Richland county. Francis Peppard was a plasterer by trade, following the same in Mansfield and in Crestline. He later took up the occupation of farming and passed away in Crestline. In his family were three daughters and two sons, namely: D. M. a retired railroad engineer of Crawford county; Margaret Ann, the wife of J. T. Talbot, who is engaged in the livery business in Crestline; Eliza Jane, the wife of McGlaughlin, a railroad. engineer, making his, home in Willmar. Minnesota; William, of this review; and Belle, the wife of J. M. Bronkar, a carpenter of Crestline: William Peppard began his education in school district No. 1, north of Crestline, and later attended the select school at Galion. He then learned the plasterer's trade, working at the same for two years, while subsequently he worked as foreman on the railroad for one year. About this time the Civil war broke out and he enlisted for service in the One Hundred and Seventy-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, joining the company in 1864. He partici- HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1015 paled in the battle ,of Nashville; Tennessee, and in many other important engagements, and was mustered out in 1865. Returning from the war, Mr. Peppard again resumed work on the railroad and since 1873 has been An engineer on the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad, his service in this connection: covering a period of a quarter of a century. That he is a capable and trusted employe is indicated by the fact of his long retention in this important and responsible position. Mr. Peppard is also the owner of a finely improved farm. of fifty-eight acres, situated just outside the corporation limits of Crestline, and on this tract stands a fine, modern residence, which is supplied with all the conveniences which add to the comfort of the inmates. Mr. Peppard was married in 1866 to Miss Margaret Caroline White, who was born in Richland county but was reared in Crawford county, this state. heir marriage has been blessed with two sons and one daughter, namely: Charles Allison, who is foreman in the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad shops at Cleveland, Ohio, making his home at No. 2510 West Fourteenth street; Florence Gertrude, the wife of H. T. French, also of Cleveland;, and David White, who is a practicing physician in Mansfield, having graduated from the Western Reserve College at Cleveland. Mr. Peppard supports the men and measures whom he deems best fitted for office regardless of party ties or affiliations. He has never been active as an office seeker, however. He belongs to the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and is also a member of the Grand Army of the Republic at Crestline, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. He ever discharges his duties as an employe of the railroad company in a most efficient manner, while in a financial way he has gained success and at the same time won the respect and good will of his fellowmen. ALBERT C. BUSH. Albert C. Bush, a representative farmer of Madison township, was born upon the farm where he now resides, his birth occurring December 9, 1869. His parents were Jacob and Catherine (Steege) Bush, both of whom were natives of Germany, the former born in 1828 and the latter in 1829. The father came to America with his parents in 1844 when a youth of sixteen, while the mother arrived in the United States with her parents in 1848, being then a young lady of nineteen years. They first located in Cleveland, Ohio, where they resided for six years, when they removed to Richland county and purchased the farm upon which their ,son Albert now resides. At that time the land was all covered with timber and in its midst was a small log cabin he which the father erected and occupied for several years. For a long period he carried on general agricultural pursuits, bringing his fields under a high state of cultivation and annually gathering therefrom rich harvests, the sale of which brought him a comfortable competence that now enables him to live 1016 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY retired. He and his wife are now making their home in Mansfield and enjoy all of the comforts and many of the luxuries of life. Since becoming an American citizen Mr; Bush has given his political allegiance to the democratic party, for he believes that its principles contain the best elements of good government. Both he and his wife are earnest Christian people, having long been devoted members of the German Lutheran church. In their family were twelve children, namely : Louisa, the wife of John Graff, of Cleveland, Ohio ; Lizzie, the Widow of Martin Hursh, of Mansfield; Catherine, the wife of Joseph Hursh, also of Mansfield; Mrs. Amelia Krause, of Mansfield; Mrs. Julia Terman, who makes her home in Madison township; Tillie, who has passed away; Louis, who makes his home in Redlands, California; Mrs. Mary Taylor, of Richland county Jacob, Jr., who resides in Madison township; Albert C., whose name introduces this review and two who have passed away. No event of special importance occurred to vary the routine of farm life for Albert C. Bush in his boyhood and youth. He remained at home until his majority and in the common schools mastered the branches of English learning, which qualify one for the practical and responsible duties that come when school books are put aside. Through the summer months he assisted his father in the farm work and remained at home until he attained his majority. He then rented a part of the old homestead, cultivating the property for twelve years, at the end of which time, with the money he had saved through his industry and economy, he purchased the farm of one hundred acres on which he yet lives, situated on section 2, Madison township. This is a part of the old homestead property and is one of the well developed farms of the neighborhood, being equipped with modern accessories and conveniences, while the fields have been brought under a high state of cultivation and annually respond to his labor in large harvests. On the 10th of February, 1892, Mr. Bush was married to Miss Estella Hursh, who was born in Madison township, February 6, 1873, her pareents being Henry and Harriet (Eby) Hursh, who were natives of Richland county, Ohio. Her father was born in 1847 and her mother in 1846, and both were representatives of old families of Pennsylvania. They are now living in Madison township, being numbered among the well known and respected residents of the community. .Unto them have been born eight children, namely: Arthur J., who makes his home. in Mansfield ; Naomi, the wife of William Wolford, a resident of Richland county; Estella, now Mrs. Bush; William T., who resides in Richland county ; Edwin M., who is engaged in missionary work in Africa; Leroy, of Ashland, Ohio ; and two who have departed this life. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Bush has been blessed with five children: Ray G., who was born February 15, 1893, Helen O., whose birth occurred November 22, 1894 ; Mary A., born May 27, 1899 ; Berna Viola, born December 29, 1900 ; and Harriet K., who was born March 26, 1905. Mrs. Bush was a graduate of the public schools and engaged in teaching for two years prior to her marriage. Mr. Bush gives his political allegiance to the democratic party and while he has never been a politician in the sense of office seeking, he has served as school director for three years. Both he and his wife are HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1017 members of the Lutheran church, and having spent their entire lives here are well known, while their many good qualities have gained them high regard and warm friendships. ADAM GROSS. Adam Gross is well known in connection with the mercantile and industrial interests in Mansfield. He is now proprietor of the Mansfield Show Case & Store Fixture Company; in Which connection he is controlling a prosperous and constantly growing business. He was born at Albeshein, near Wurmz, Germany, April 30, 1858. His father, Philip Gross, was a wine-grower there, but after coming to America was foreman of the lumber yards of McVey & Allison until his death. He had for six years survived his wife, who bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Woorkley. Of their family of four children all are living, namely : Jacob,' a gardener and farmer near Mansfield; Philip, who is with the National Safe & Lock Company, of New York; Adam, of this review; and Henry, an artist with a studio in New York. Adam Gross accompanied his parents to America when but six years of age; the family home being established in Pittsburg, whence they removed a year later to St. Charles, Missouri, and after twelve months came to Mans- field. Mr. Gross attended the public schools here and afterward pursued his studies through the winter months, while in the summer season for three years he worked at the McVey & Allison planing mill. When he had permanently put aside his text-books he devoted five years to that work, there continuing until twenty-one years of age. He next spent four years with the Altman-Taylor works, building threshing machinery, after which he became connected with Gross & Clayberg, furniture and bar fixtures manufacturers, his brother Philip being senior .partner in that business. When two, years had passed he purchased the business from the receiver and has since continued in this line of trade. About four years ago he discontinued the manufacture of bar fixtures and took up the work of manufacturing show fixtures, show cases and general work to order. For ten years he also manufactured barber chairs, but during the last decade has not done work of that character. The output of the factory is to be seen in the majority of the business places in Mansfield, and the house also enjoys a large trade throughout the west in church furniture. They supplied the fittings and furnishings for the Carnegie Library, of Mansfield, the Ashbrook drug store, the Nolan drug store, for the Marshall & Reynolds store, for the H. L. Reed Dry Goods house, the Koch & Fisher stationery store, for Charles Ritter & Co., and others:. The furniture for the Carnegie Library is very elaborate and indicates the creditable work turned out by the Mansfield Show Case & Store Fixture .Company. They have also done considerable work in nearby towns and the business is now recognized as one of the leading productive industries of this city. Mr. Gross also owns some good property here, including three fine residences, one of which, at No. 58 High street, he occupies, while the others are also on that street. 1018 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY On the 10th of October, 1883, Mr. Gross was married to Katherina Eschbaugh, a daughter of Christian Eschbaugh, of Mansfield. They have four children: Howard, twenty-four years of age, is now with his father in business, but is a pianist by profession, having toured a large part of this country. During the summer of 1907 he was at Oak Summit !ark, at Evansville, Indiana, where he led an orchestra of ten pieces. He has also had engagements with Murray & Mack, Verna May and the Humpty Dumpty Company and was at the Orpheum Theater, Mansfield, during the winter of 1907 and 1908. Lee, the second son, is a finisher in the employ of his father; Helen, weventeen years of age, and Sybilla, sixteen years of age, are stenographers. The younger is a china painter of rare ability and both are good musicians. Mr. Gross gives his political support to the democracy and was a member of the. Mansfield school board from 1900 to 1904. He belongs to the Independent Order of Foresters and the Royal Foresters, and is a member of the First English Lutheran church. In 1906 he bought his home, for which je made all the finishings and furnishings and these are splendid specimens of fine workmanship, unexcelled by anything of the kind in Mansfield. Mr. Gross has always held high ideals in business and his name has become a guarantee for good workmanship and materials in anything connected with the trade. He employs only skilled mechanics and makes a specialty of show cases, although the company manufactures other interior fittings and furnishings and does upholstering. He regards his work as his best advertisement and the house not only enjoys an excellent reputation for its output but also for the character of its service to the public. JACOB L. BARGAHISER. Jacob L. Bargahiser is a retired farmer living in Shelby and a representative of a family that has been found in this county since the second decade of the nineteenth century. He was born November 29, 1834, on the farm which he yet owns and which adjoins the corporation limits of Shelby on the northwest. This has always been his place of residence. His parents were Levi and Susanna (Eshelman) Bargahiser. The father was born in Perry county, Pennsylvania, November 5, 1791, while the mother was born in Licking county, Ohio, July 11, 1800. Leaving the Keystone state, he removed to Mansfield, Ohio, with Martin Ruffner, who was soon afterward killed by the Indians. Levi Bargahiser had served his country as a soldier in the ware of 1812, doing duty. at Norfolk, Virginia, and continuing at the front until hostilities were over: He entered the farm which is now the home of our subject in 1815, securing a quarter section, but did not receive the deed to the property until the land was placed upon the market. He was then given the deed for the southwest quarter of section 6, township 22, range 19, on the10th of June, 1819, and this today is still in possession of the family. In 1836 he secured seventy-eight acres from James Smith, who had entered this from the government during the Jackson administration. HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1019 Levi Bargahiser located upon his new farm in 1818. It was all covered with a heavy growth of timber. and there was only one house between his place and Mansfield at that time. He built a cabin before bringing his family to Ohio and began to clear away the forest and to place the fields under cultivation. Year after year he continued his work, with visible results as seen in richly tilled fields and the generous harvests which he gathered. He continued to reside upon this farm and to devote his life to the tilling of the soil and to the raising of stock, meeting with well merited success in his undertakings: The Indians often called at his home and at different times had camps upon his farm, but they were always friendly and never molested the family in any way. His political allegiance was given to the democracy and he remained a champion of the party principles until his death, which occurred December 26, 1868. His wife survived him for about ten years and died May 25, 1878. They were the parents of five children : Washington, who after attaining adult age removed to Williams county, Ohio, where he died in 1854; Mrs. Lavin& Kunkle, who was born March 4, 1821, and is now living in Williams county ; Mrs. Elizabeth Post, who died in Shelby; Mrs. Rebecca Stock, who died in Williams county; and Jacob L., of this review. The father proposed in his undertakings and eventually became the owner of two hundred and thirty-eight acres of land, which he brought under a high state of cultivation. Amid the wild scenes and environments of pioneer life Jacob L. Bargahiser was reared and early assisted in the arduous task of developing a new farm. He aided in cutting the timber, in clearing away the stumps and brush and in plowing and planting the fields. As his age and strength increased, the work of the farm devolved more and more, largely upon him, and after his father's death he purchased the home property and has lived here continuously since. For a long period he was active in the work of the fields and met with success in his undertakings. He imade most of the modern improvements upon his farm and by purchase he added to it, becoming the owner of two hundred and fifty acres. At a recent date, however, he disposed of the farm to his children and is now living a retired life with his daughter. It was in 1856 that Mr. Bargahiser was married to Miss Laura E. Price, who was born in Knox county, Ohio, in 1838, and came to Richland county wi'th her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Price. Her death occurred March 4, 1899, and was deeply regretted by her friends, who had learned to esteem her highly for her many good traits of heart and mind. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Bargahiser were born seven children : Andrew Jackson, who is now living in Mercer county, this state ; Levi, who died It the age of eighteen years; Isaac, who died at the age of two years; Frank, deceased ; Lovina, twin sister of Frank and the widow of J. C. Skiles, who is mentioned elsewhere in this volume; Lorenzo D., deceased; and Susan, the wife of Howard Eckis, residing on the old homestead. Mr. Bargahiser has served as an elder in the Lutheran church for a number of years and is one of its devoted and. zealous members. He has voted the democratic ticket, but maintains only a citizen's interest in political affairs. He has now reached the seventy-third milestone on life's journey and the 1020 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY straight path that he has ever followed has given him a place in public esteem that is most enviable. He is a worthy representative of one of the old families and has himself been a witness of the growth of the county and the changes that have here occurred during more than the Psalmist's allotted span of three score years and ten. GEORGE LATIMER. George Latimer, who is successfully engaged in agricultural pursuits in Butler township; was born in Richland county, Ohio, August 2, 1837, a son of William and Nancy (Wilson) Latimer, the former a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, and the latter of Westmoreland county, that state. The father, who was a miller by trade, came to this county in 1825, locating in Blooming Grove township, where he taught school and subsequently became connected with agricultural interests. His marriage was celebrated in Richland county. He passed away on the 12th of February, 1850, while his wife, long surviving him, was called to her final rest in 1899. Their family numbered seven children, namely : Elizabeth J., of Iowa; George; John, deceased; Wilson, who has also passed away ; Mary E., the wife of James Huston, of Ohio; Margery, who is the wife of John Gilger and makes her home in this county; and William S., also a resident of Richland county. George Latimer acquired his education in the public schools and remained under the parental roof until he had attained his majority. After his marriage he was successfully engaged in the operation of a rented farm for seventeen years, on the expiration of which period he purchased the place of one hundred and three acres on section 13, Butler township, where he still resides. He has placed many substantial improvements on the property, and in addition. to the work of general farming makes a specialty of stock-raising. He has long been well known as one of the substantial and enterprising agriculturists of the community and as one whose success is entirely the result of his own well directed labor and capable management. When twenty-three years of age Mr. Latimer was united in marriage to Miss Euphemia Maden, whose birth occurred in Blooming Grove township in 1837. Her parents were Alexander and Susan (Crofford) Maden, the former a native of Beaver county, Pennsylvania, and the latter of Maryland. They are both now deceased. Mrs. Latimer was one of a family of three children, and by her marriage became the Mother of four : William A., who has passed away; Martha Sane, at home; J. W., residing in Weller township; and Mary, the wife of Elza Martin. In 1892 Mr. Latimer was called upon to mourn the death of his wife. Her remains were interred in the, Blooming Grove cemetery. In his political views Mr. Latimer is a stanch democrat and takes an active interest in the local work of the party, having served as trustee and also as a member of the school board for a number of years. He and his family attend the Methodist Episcopal church. Haying resided in this county throughourt his entire life, covering more than the psalmist's allotted span of three score HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1021 years and ten, he is well and favorably known here and has gained the warm esteem and friendship of all with whom business or social relations have brought him in contact. Moreover he has been an interested witness of the county's development and upbuilding from a pioneer period to the present time and throughout his active business career has been a factor in its agricultural progress. WILLIAM SCHETTLER. William Schettler has since 1891 been identified with agricultural interests in Madison township, at which time he took up his abode upon the farm which is now his home and here in connection with the cultivation of the fields, he is successfully engaged in the dairy business. He was born in the city of Mansfield, September 9, 1864, his parents being Theodore and Janette (Kleinhans) Schettler, who were natives of Germany and came to America in 1864, settling in Mansfield, Ohio. The father was a shoemaker by trade and worked at that occupation in Mansfield for fifteen years, after which he turned his attention to the flour and feed business, with which he was connected for sixteen years. On the expiration of that period he turned his attention from industrial to agricultural pursuits, purchasing a farm of eighty acres on section 10, Madison township. He then began cultivating the fields and continued in that business until his death, which occurred November 6, 1892. He never had occasion to regret his determination to seek a home in the new world, for he found good business opportunities here and as the years passed by prospered in his undertakings. His widow still survives him and is now making her home with her son William. Unto them were born five children : William ; Charles, a resident of Cleveland, Ohio ; Ferdinand, who is living in Oregon ; Emma, deceased; and one who died in infancy. William Schettler spent the days of his boyhood and youth in Mansfield and was educated in the public, schools. He remained at home until he attained his majority and then began learning the molder's trade, which he followed at intervals for twenty years. Since 1891 he has been engaged in general farming, taking up his abode upon the place where he now resides. His time and labors have been given to its further development and improvement and he has brought his fields under a high state of cultivation, so that good crops are annually gathered. In connection with this work he conducts a dairy and it also proves to him a profitable source of income. On the 25th of November, 1885, Mr. Schettler was married to Miss Pauline Jud, who was born in New Albany, Indiana, July 30, 1864, a daughter of Rev. J. B. and Mary (Umbeck) Jud. Both parents were natives of Switzerland and came to America in early life. Their family numbered thirteen children, while unto Mr. and Mrs. Sehettler have been born eight children : Nettie L., now at home ; Clara M., a resident of Chicago ; Theodore W., Florence H., Emma M., Paul F., Freda and Herbert H., all yet under the parental roof. 1022 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY The parents are consistent members of St. John's Evangelical church and Mr. Schettler belongs to the Odd Fellows lodge at Mansfield and also the Modern Woodmen camp there. In his political views he is a democrat but has never sought nor desired public office, preferring to give his attention to his business affairs. Since removing to the farm he has conducted a profitable business, becoming one of the substantial residents of Madison township. W. H. SWIGART. The farm of one hundred and sixteen acres, situated on section 29, Monroe township, now owned and occupied by W. H. Swigart, has been in possession of the family since 1832, having been purchased in that year by the paternal grandfather. Mr. Swigart is a native of Richland county, his birth having occurred on his present farm, December 1, 1860. His father, George, W. Swigart, accompanied his parents on their removal to this county from Lancaster county, Pennsylvania,—the place of his birth—when a small boy and was, therefore, reared and educated in Richland county. The old homestead eventually came into his possession, and he built the brick house now occupied by our subject. He operated the old Swigart mill at Pleasantville which stood on a part of his farm, this mill being the oldest in the county. It was erected over eighty years ago, and its wheels are now used as flower beds in our subject's yard. George W. Swigart was married in this county to Miss Margaret Ryder, and their union was blessed with five children, but two of the number are now deceased, those living being: Mary E., the wife of J. C. Pitts, a resident of Monroe township ; Harriet; and W. H., of this review. The father of this family passed away in 1900, having been preceded by the wife and mother, whose death occurred in 1897. W. H. Swigart was reared in the usual manner of farm lads, assisting in carrying on the work of plowing, planting and harvesting during the summer season, while throughout the winter months he attended the district schools, wherein he mastered the common branches of English learning. He continued under the parental roof until he reached the age of twenty-eight years, at which time he established a home of his own by his marriage to Miss Nettie Gatton, who is one of a family of eight children. Her mother died in 1892. Mr. and Mrs. Swigart have four children, namely: Minnie M., Flossy Luella, Osy Pearl and Walter G. C., all of whom are at home. Following his marriage Mr. Swigart purchased the old homestead property, comprising one hundred and sixteen acres of land on section 29, Monroe township. Here he is engaged in general farming and stock-raising, making a specialty of the latter branch of his business, in which he is meeting with excellent success. He is everywhere known for his prompt and honorable dealings, and all with whom he has business relations have for him warm regard. Mr. Swigart is also of an inventive turn of mind, having invented and secured a patent on what is known as the sill bed system for a railroad, HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1025 this being used instead of ties. This is a valuable invention in the line of road bed construction, and as the author of the same Mr. Swigart has become widely known. His political support is given the men and measures of the democratic party. His wife is a member of the Lutheran church. He has in his possession an interesting relic and one which he prizes very highly, this being an iron kettle, Which was purchased by his grandfather in 1808, and is, therefore, one hundred years old. His life has been one of continuous activity. which has contributed not only to his individual success, but has also been an active factor in the development of the section in which he has always made his home, so that he is accounted one of the honored and esteemed residents of Monroe township. GEORGE BRINKERHOFF DRENNAN. Prominent among the business men of Plymouth is George Brinkerhoff Drennan, who for a number of years has been closely identified with the history of the city as a representative of one of its most important industrial interests, acting as secretary and treasurer of the firm of J. D. Fate & Company, manufacturers of brick and tile machinery. Mr. Drennan is of Irish descent in the paternal line, while in the maternal line he is of Holland ancestry. He was born in Plymouth, October 26, 1855. The paternal grandfather, James Drennan, served in the war of 1812, having command of a company of Pennsylvania volunteers, which was sent to relieve Fort Cregor, then being besieged by. the Indians. On the way to Fort Cregor the company camped on what is now the public square at Plymouth. Being pleased with this location, the grandfather afterward returned and located here in the year 1825." He was twice married, his first union being with Jane Patton, by whom he had one son. After her death he wedded Eliza Wolf, who taught the first school in Richland county prior to her marriage, having come to Mansfield in 1808 with her widowed mother. By the second marriage of Mr. Drennan there were the following named children : James, Eleanor, Kate, Artemesia and Emanuel. The first representative of the Brinkerhoff family came to this country from Holland about 1638, while the Wolf family came just prior to the Revolutionary war, the grandfather serving as a soldier in the Continental army. The four grandfathers of our subject, the great-grandfather and the grandfather in both the paternal and maternal lines served in the Revolutionary war, the paternal great-grandfather, Augustus Wolf, serving on General Washington's staff. The father of our subject, William Wolf Drennan, was born in Canton, Ohio, July 18, 1820, and came with his parents to Plymouth, August 6, 1825. He engaged in merchandising in 1838, continuing in business until 1859. During this time he studied law in the store at night, but was not admitted to practice until 1866: He made a specialty of ditch law and for a long period followed the profession. He served as sutler of the Sixth-fourth Regiment of 1026 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND. COUNTY Ohio Volunteers in the Civil war from 1861 until 1865. Prior to his enlistment in the war he served as mayor of Plymouth and upon his return was again elected to that office, while at one time he filled the office of justice of the peace and in many other ways took an active and helpful part in public affairs, being a stanch advocate of the republican party. He died in January, 1895, when he was seventy-five years of age. His wife bore the maiden name of Hannah Brinkerhoff. She was born in Owasco, Cayuga county, New York, in January, 1822, a daughter of George R. Brinkerhoff, who spent his entire life in Owasco. The daughter came to Richland county in 1846 to visit her sister and remained here until the summer of 1849, during which time she was engaged in teaching. She then returned to her native state, where in March, 1850, she gave her hand in marriage to William W. Drennan. She was a sister of General Brinkerhoff, of Mansfield, this state. Mrs. Drennan spent her entire married life in Plymouth and passed away here in August, 1890, at the age of seventy-eight years. By her marriage she became the Mother of, six children, namely : Eleanor and Mary, both of whom have passed away; George, whose name introduces this review ; John, who was married and is now deceased Artemesia, also deceased; and Edith Katherine, the wife of W. J. Geer, now acting as mayor of Galion, Ohio. George B. Drennan was educated in the public schools of Plymouth, completing his studies at the age of eighteen years. At the age of twelve years he entered the office of the Plymouth Advertiser and learned the printer's trade, remaining there for three or four years. He later engaged in farming, following that pursuit until 1889, while in 1890 he became connected with E. M. Freese in the manufacture of brick and tile machinery. After this partnership was dissolved he became identified with the J. D. Fate & Company in the conduct of a similar enterprise, and for the past thirteen years has served in the office of secretary and treasurer. The other officers of the company are: H. H: Fate, president ; and H. S. Fate, vice president. The business is now being carried on under the firm name of the J. D. Fate & Company, manufacturers of brick and tile machinery. They occupy a building seventy-five by three hundred and forty feet and employ seventy-five men in the manufacture of their products, which are shipped to all parts of the world. Mr. Drennan possesses untiring energy, is quick of perception,. forms his plans readily and is determined in their execution, and his close application to business and his excellent management have brought to the company the high degree of prosperity which it today enjoys. Mr. Drennan was married in 1879 to Miss Mary Brittain, a native of Delaware, Ohio, and a daughter of J. K. Brittain. Mr. Drennan is a republican, stanch in his advocacy of the principles of the party. He has served as mayor of Plymouth, filling the office for two terms, while he has also served as a member of the city council. He is now a member of the board of public affairs. He was one of the organizers, was the first secretary and is now treasurer of the Commercial Motor Truck Company, of Plymouth. He is a Mason, belonging to the Knight Templar commandery at Mansfield. He also a member of the Royal Arcanum, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Improved Order of Red Men, and the Knights of Pythias. Mr. Drennan HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1027 deserves much credit for what he has accomplished in the business world, for, starting out in life at an early age, he has brooked no obstacles that could be overcome by honest effort and has steadily worked his way upward until, having left the ranks of the many, he stands today among the successful few. DAVID E. KEISER. The attractiveness of Richland county as a place of residence is indicated by the fact that many of her native sons have remained within its borders, feeling content to enjoy the opportunities here afforded and the chances for business advancement which are here given to the energetic, ambitious man. Of this class David E. Keiser is a representative, his birth having occurred in the city of Mansfield on the 14th of October, 1850. His parents were Michael and Harriet (Strickler) Keiser. The father was born in Ashland county; Ohio, in 1826, and the mother's birth occurred in Pennsylvania in the same year. She came to. Richland county with her parents in 1834 and Michael Keiser arrived in this county in 1842. When the war with Mexico was inaugurated he espoused the American cause and joined the army in defense of the interests of this country. He went to the front and although on active duty was never injured. When he returned to this county in 1849 he learned the shoemaker's trade under the direction of David Wise, of Mansfield, but the year following - 1850—attracted by the discovery of gold in California, he started on the overland trip to the coast. There he remained for two years, returning by way of the water route to New York and thence to Richland county. As the years passed he became recognized as one of the substantial and enterprising citizens of this county, being engaged in the shoe business in Mansfield until the outbreak, of the Civil war. He then again responded to his country's call for -troops and, enlisting in the Union army, became a captain and did duty with Sherrrian's brigade. He was at the front until the close of hostilities and participated in several hard fought battles. Mile entering the battle of Chattanooga his horse fell and Mr. Keiser's leg seas broken. He was then taken to the hospital, where he remained for two months. He had the same limb broken three times while serving as a soldier in the Union Army. In writing to his wife from: Bardstown, Kentucky, he said, "We had a very fine march from Louisville to this place; not one man gave out in our company, although the boys had to carry their knapsacks and all their clothing; bedding and accouterments. We have improved in drill very much since we left home and three Indiana regiments have been attached to our brigade, which makes five regiments." From camp near Lebanon, Kentucky, February 11, 1862, Captain Keiser wrote: "We returned here again from Hall's Gap, marched, Friday, Saturday and Sunday and arrived here at two o'clock and are camping in a large field. Hall's Gap is about forty-five miles from Lebanon on the top of a mountain." From Bowling Green, Ken- 1028 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY tucky, March 16,. 1862, he wrote, "We are now on our road to Nashville, Tennessee, where we expect to arrive in six days. We left Munfordsville on last Sunday a. week, arrived four miles this side of Bowling Green, and stayed there until yesterday, when we were ordered to cross the river. So many troops here that we had to wait till our turn. It was slow work crossing the river on the ferry. We are now one mile out of town and drawing our rations to last us until we reach Nashville. I was all through the town and the forts that the rebels had built and went down to the railroad depot, where they burned everything. I saw a good many curiosities. The citizens in this part of the country are very distant toward us." From camp near Pittsburg Landing, April 21, 1862, Captain Keiser wrote, "We arrived here on Saturday last at two o'clock. We started for camp through mud knee-deep. We had a fine old time when we arrived at camp. I gave the boys their thin that were sent to them. They were so pleased that they forgot all about the dark, dreary, gloomy weather that was hanging over them. Beside the horrible sights on the battlefield, thousands of fresh graves can be seen all over the country of the poor fellows that fell on the field; the trees split and slivered by cannon balls and the country strewn with pieces of artillery wagons, broken guns, clothes, blankets and harness that was dropped or destroyed in battle. I came all the way from Cincinnati to this place by water." At Pine Run, between Decatur and Huntsville, Alabama, July 7 1862, Captain Keiser wrote the following: "Last evening the captain was appointed major of our regiment and I was appointed captain of Company A Sixty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry." From camp near Winchester, Tennessee, August 5, 1862, he wrote: "On Sunday morning I took command of the company and the same day major and I took an invoice of the company's property. On Monday he received orders from General Wood to join his regiment at Stevenson. . . . I am now acting as provo marshal of the sixth division; quite a responsible and honorable position for a young boy like I am, but I am good for it. General Wood congratulates me and says that I have the honor to command the best and finest company in his whole division." A letter from camp near Manchester, Tennessee, August 16, 1862 reads : "We left Deckart, Winchester Station, where we were stationed last on the 14th instant and arrived here. My company of sixty-six men are with me and seven men away on detached duty. This is a much larger company than the majority of those in the army." From headquarters, sixth division, near McMinnville, Tennessee, August 28, 1862, Captain Keiser wrote, "We were camped in a little town, Vervilla, and on Saturday night at twelve o'clock the general orderly came and waked me, saying that we have to pack up and leave. I awakened our men, tore down our tents and gathered our cooking utensils and company goods generally, loaded everything in fine Order and hitched up our six mules and the company formed ready to march every man with his gun loaded, by 12:30 o'clock. The general told me tomarch my company out on the road to form his troops. I did so and at t same time had twenty-two bushwhackers to guard, but I led the column, and trotting my 'butternuts' (a northern term for southern prisoners) along in good time, we arrived at McMinnville by daybreak." The above quotations HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1029 from letters give some indication of the experience which the soldier meets at the front. Mr. Keiser was Considered one of the most prominent captains from the state of Ohio and his contagious zeal for the cause inspired his men to deeds of valor and loyalty. In days of peace he was equally faithful to the country and was a citizen who had the entire respect and confidence of all who knew him. He belonged to the Masonic fraternity at Mansfield and in his life exemplified the beneficent spirit of the craft. Both he and his wife were devoted and faithful members of the Methodist Episcopal church and their memory is yet enshrined in the hearts of those who knew them. Captain Keiser died March 19, 1885, while his wife passed away December 27, 1877, both being laid to rest in the Mansfield cemetery. They were the parents of three children: William, who was born in 1848 and is living in Mansfield; David E., of this review ; and Annie Laura, who was born in 1860 and died in 1864. David E. Keiser, whose name introduces this review, pursued his education in the public schools of Mansfield and remained with his father until he attained his majority, after which he operated the old homestead farm on shares until 1888. He then came into possession of the farm and has made his home here continuously since. It is a tract of one hundred and five acres in Madison township, and the neat and thrifty appearance of the place indi cates the careful supervision of a practical and progressive owner. Mr. Keiser has always made a specialty of raising and feeding stock to a greater or less extent in connection with farming and has led an active, useful and busy life, wherein his labors have brought to him a fair measure of prosperity. On the 12th of October, 1872, David E. Keiser was married to Miss Alice S. Neal, who was born in Springfield township, Richland county, in 1850, a daughter of John and Mary (Leppo) Neal. The parents were natives of Hagerstown, Maryland, and came to Richland county with their respective parents in early life.. The father and mother died on the same day in 1897, their deaths occurring but two hours apart.. They were married in Springfield township, this county, and after their marriage took up their abode on a farm in a log cabin with clapboard roof and puncheon floor. For sixty years they lived on the same, farm and there celebrated, their fiftieth wedding anniversary. In 1888 they retired from that farm and removed to the city of Mansfield, where they spent their last days. Their family numbered ten children. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Keiser have :been born three children, but the youngest died in infancy. Harvey M. is now acting as merchant police in Mansfield and is married and makes his home in the city. Alice M. is the wife of Walter C. Fitzsimmons, who for four years has been a clerk in the Mansfield postoffice. They have one son, Harvey McCoy Fitzsimmons, named for his two uncles. Mr. and Mrs. Keiser are members of the Christian church and are widely and favorably known in this community. Mr. Keiser is respected by all with whom he has come -in contact as one of the worthy and representative men of Madison township. He helped his father to improve the old homestead, developing it from' timber land to its present attractive condition, 1030 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY it being today one of the finest farms of this part of the county, attractive in its appearance by reason of its substantial buildings, its well tilled fields and the air of neatness and thrift which pervades every part of it. SAMUEL E. HUENERFAUTH. Samuel E. Huenerfauth, in his business career making that steady advancement which results from carefully applied energy, is now superintendent of the Ideal Electric Company at Mansfield. He was born July 30, 1866, at Pomeroy, Ohio. His father was a native of Germany, born in 1818. and came to America in 1838, settling at West Union, Ohio, where he remained about a year. He afterward removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, and a year later went to Pomeroy, where he was employed at his trade of blacksmithing in the boat-yards of that place. His death occurred in 1887. His wife, who was also of German birth, having come to America from the fatherland at the age of seven years, died in Pomeroy, Ohio, in 1883. Samuel E. Huenerfauth was educated in the common schools and made his initial step in the business world as an employe in the rolling mills of his native town. He afterward went to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and next engagee as telephone inspector, in which capacity he came to Mansfield in December, 1887. In 1889 he was transferred to the managership of the Gallipoli] office, and afterward he was made manager at Newark, Ohio. In 1890, at his own request, he was returned to Mansfield. The following year he accepted the appointment of superintendent of the Mansfield Electric Light & Street Railway Company and remained in that position until January, 1894, when he became associated with the Cord Electric Company as road representative. This company was later merged into the Phoenix Electric Company, with which he remained up to 1903, when in association with S. Glenn Vincent he organized the Ideal Electric Company, which has become one of the city's important industries, manufacturing an extensive line of electrical apparatus. Their new plant, a model of its kind, was erected in 1906. Mr. Huenerfauth has extended his efforts to other fields of business activity. He is one of the city's proprietors of the Buckeye Tempered Copper & Brass Foundry, and is likewise the owner of a fine residence at No. 30 Penn avenue. His success is evidence of his business ability, his improvement of opportunities, and well directed energy. On the 12th of November, 1889, Mr. Huenerfauth was married to Miss Laura B. Collingwood, a daughter of Elias Collingwood, a retired business man of Mansfield and one of its well .known and highly respected citizens, who died in 1887. Mrs. Huenerfauth is a member of the Ladies' Guild of St. Luke's church and takes an active interest in social affairs and charitable work in the city. There are three children of this marriage: Lucy May, seventeen years of age, who is a graduate of the Mansfield high school and an accomplished musician ; Grace Lillian, twelve years of age, now attending grammar school ; and George Edward, a little lad of six years. HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1031 In his political views Mr. Huenerfauth is a republican, but while keeping well informed on the questions and issues of the day, as every true American citizen should do, he has never sought nor desired office as a reward for his fidelity to party. He belongs to St. Luke's. Lutheran church and is well known and popular in various other organizations. He is a member :of Mansfield Lodge, No. 35, A. F. & A. M., and has attained the Knight Templar degree in Masonry. He likewise belongs to Mansfield Lodge, No. 56, B. P. 0. E., and to the Knights of Pythias Lodge and the United Commercial Travelers.. Well known in Mansfield, where he has made his home continuously since 1890, in every relation of life he has commanded the confidence and good will of his fellow citizens, while in business he has won gratifying success. LEWIS BRUCKER. Lewis Brucker, an attorney of Mansfield, was born near the village of Bridgeport, ,in Saginaw County, Michigan, October 30, 1855. He was graduated at the Ann Arbor Law School, at Ann Arbor, Michigan, in March, 1881, and has engaged in the practice of law in the city of Mansfield since March 1, 1886 Mr. Brucker was married, June 10, 1884, to Mary Jane Cummins, at Shelby, Ohio. He has been continuously connected with legal interests in Mansfield for twenty-two years. He was elected to the office of probate judge and served from February 9, 1891, until February 1, 1897, and upon his retirement from the probate bench immediately resumed the practice of law, which he is still engaged. JOHN WILLIAM KERN. John William Kern, deceased, was born in Germany in 1841, and landed in America on the 14th of May, 1857. He immediately became connected with the butchering business at Mansfield, Richland county, Ohio, being successfully engaged in that line of activity until the time of his death in 1895. During the last few years of his business life he conducted his establishment under the firm name of William Kern & Son. In March, 1868, Mr. Kern was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Catharine Gerisch, whose birth occurred in Germany, in 1844, her father being Adam Gerisch, likewise a native of the fatherland. The latter spent his entire life in the country of his nativity, where he was a man of wealth and much importance, owning a farm of three hundred acres and a large flouring mill. He likewise served' as mayor for several years. Mrs. Kern, who was born of her father's second marriage, arrived in the United States on the 3d of September, 1866, and subsequently gave her hand in marriage to John, William Kern, to whom she proved a faithful and loving helpmate.. Her children are 1032 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY five in number, namely : Mrs. Anna Harrison, George Louis, Lenora, William and Adam. In his political views Mr. Kern was a stanch democrat, while his religious faith was indicated by his membership in St. Paul's Lutheran church. In 1895 he met a sudden death, either by accident or foul means, as his lifeless and mutilated body was found beside the Pennsylvania Railroad track about three miles from Lucas. He had been out all day buying cattle, and it was while returning on foot early in the evening that the accident occurred. The exact cause of his death has remained a mystery, but many of his friends are quite certain that he was foully dealt with. No money was found upon him but a few silver coins were scattered on the ground where his body lay. Mrs. Kern still resides in Mansfield and is well known and highly esteemed throughout the community in which she has so long resided, her many excellent traits of heart and mind having won her an extensive circle of friends. STACY B. OPDYKE. Stacy B. Opdyke is numbered among the progressive agriculturists of Plymouth township, owning a farm of one hundred and sixty acres, situated on section 8. The family originated in Holland and its genealogy dates back to the year 1261, when the name was spelled Op den Dycks. The first representative of the name came to America in 1638, locating in the east. Stacy B. Opdyke, whose name introduces this review, was born on a farm in Kingwood township, Hunterdon county, New Jersey, August 9, 1830. He was a son of John and Esther (Little) Opdyke, both of whom were natives of New Jersey, the former born in 1802. In 1836 he removed with his family to Richland county, Ohio, where he purchased two hundred and fifteen acres of land that was covered with timber. He cleared and improved this land and made his home thereon throughout his remaining days, both he and his wife passing away in Richland county. He had a brother, George Opdyke, who served as mayor of New York city from 1861 until 1863. The family of Mr. and Mrs. John Opdyke numbered seven children, as follows: Christy L., deceased; George, who has also passed away ; Stacy B., of this review ; Rachel, who became the wife of Edward Orr, but both are now deceased; William H., who has also passed away; Mrs. Mary B. Ward, a widow residing in Lorain Ohio; and John Scott, a resident of Attica, this state. Mr. Opdyke was a little lad of six years at the time of the parents' removal to this state. They made the journey from New Jersey by wagon, it requiring three weeks to make the trip, and it rained almost every day during the entire time. The family home was established on a farm north of Shiloh, in Richland county, and it was on that place that the son was reared. But little of the land had been cleared, while a log cabin containing but one room stood on the place. The son was educated in the district schools, attending in the winter months, while in the summer season he assisted in the development and HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1035 improvement of the home place. In 1860 he made a trip to the Rocky mountains in search of gold, but remained there only a brief period, when he returned to his home in Richland county. The year following, in 1861, Mr. Opdyke established a home of his own by his marriage to Miss Kate Baumgartner, who was born near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, in 1828, coming to Ohio with her parents, William and Mary (Wistler) Baumgartner, when fifteen years of age. The young couple began their domestic life upon the farm which is his present home. This property comprises one hundred and sixty acres, situated on section 8, Plymouth township. All the buildings have been placed here by Mr. Opdyke, he having buiit a fine home containing ten rooms, in 1886, while in that year he also erected a barn, forty by seventy-two feet, with twenty foot posts. He has also placed the land under a high state of cultivation and in addition to carrying on general agricultural pursuits he is also engaged in stock-raising, both branches of his business proving a profitable source of income. Two children blessed the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Opdyke, but the daughter, Mary, died at the age of six years. The elder, Lester, owns one hundred and thirty acres of land in New Haven township, Huron county, which was given him by his father. He was married in 1905 to Miss Olive Hollenbaugh, a native of Cass township, this county, and a daughter of Isaac and Susan (Gush) Hollenbaugh. Mrs. Opdyke passed away in 1872. Mr. Opdyke gives his political support to the republican party, casting his first presidential vote for Fremont, and he has supported each candidate of the party since that time. Having spent the greater part of his life in Richland county, Mr. Opdyke is familiar with its history. His life is exemplary in all respects and he has ever supported those interests which are calculated to uplift and benefit humanity, while his own high moral worth is deserving of highest commendation. W. S. ROUSH. W. S. Roush, who is successfully engaged in general merchandising at Ganges, was born in Williams county, Ohio, September 23, 1869, his parents being Jacob and Sarah (Finnegal) Roush. The former is a native of Jackson township, Richland county,. his father being among the earliest settlers here. In 1867 Jacob Roush removed to Williams county but in 1871 returned to this county, where he has since resided, his home being in Franklin township. Our subject has but one brother, Lester C., who lives on a farm adjoining that of his father. W. S. Roush acquired his education in the district schools of Franklin township and remained under the parental roof until he had attained his majority. For ten years afterward he was alternately engaged in farming and teaching, following the former vocation during the summer months, while in the winter seasons he devoted his time and energies to the instruction of the young. Subsequently he became connected with mercantile interests, 1036 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY forming a partnership with W. A. St: John for the conduct of a store in Ganges. He at first intended to carry only a stock of hardware but the business has developed so materially that he now carries a general line of merchandise to meet the demands of his patrons. On the 1st of January; 1907, he severed his connection with Mr. St. John and has since carried on the business alone, meeting with a gratifying and well merited success in his undertaking. He also has a farm of eighty-five acres just south of Ganges, and owns the fine building in which he conducts his business, it being a store and residence combined. He likewise has other real-estate holdings in Ganges, and is widely recognized as one of the prosperous and progressive citizens andbusiness men of the county. In 1890 Mr. Roush was united in marriage to Miss Alice Bare, who was born and reared just south of Ganges. Their children are: Walter, whose birth occurred June 10, 1893; and Hazel, born April 12, 1895. Mr. Roush is a democrat in his political views and has served as clerk of Franklin township for four years, while at present he is a trustee of Blooming Grove township and also a member of the school board. He is a member of Shiloh Lodge, No. 544, A. F. & A. M., of which he is senior warden, and is also connected with Lodge No. 3575, M. W. A., at Shelby. His wife is identified with the German Baptist church, in the work of which she takes an active and helpful interest. Having spent almost his entire life in this county, he is well and favorably known here and is moreover entitled to representation with its enterprising and successful citizens. JOSEPH GRUBB. Joseph Grubb is now practically living retired in Butler but in former years was closely associated with various lines of business and in their conduct has demonstrated his excellent business ability and executive force. He is numbered among the native sons of Ohio, his birth having occurred in Pike township, Knox county, on the 24th of January, 1848, and his parents were Samuel and Mary (Zook) Grubb. The father was born in Bedford county, Pennsylvania, in 1824, and died in Butler in 1890. The mother passed away in Knox county, at the age of fifty-six years. Samuel Grubb, who devoted his entire life to general agricultural pursuits, lived for a long time in Knox county but the last two years of his life were spent in honorable retirement in Butler. In his family were seven children, of whom five are now living: David, a resident of Butler; Joseph, of this review; Elizabeth, the wife of Isaac Hess, of Butler; Daniel G., who makes his home in Butler; and Mr. Amanda Sokol, of Monmouth, Jackson county, Iowa. As boy and youth Joseph Grubb remained upon the home farm in Knox county and at the usual age was sent as a pupil to the public schools, where he mastered the branches of English learning taught through public instruction. He gave his father the benefit of his services until he attained his majority, when he left home and started out in life on his own account. He HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1037 had no capital but he possessed willing hands and a strong heart and indomitable energy. Entering the employ of a man at Mount Vernon, he engaged in driving a huckster wagon, continuing in that service until he had saved from his earnings the sum of five hundred dollars, or rather this sum was due him, but he was able to collect only two hundred and forty dollars of it. With this limited capital he went to Mansfield, was married and established a flour and feed business in connection with an uncle, with whom he continued for a year. On the expiration of that period he removed to Ankenytown, Knox county, where he engaged in clerking in a dry-goods store for five years. He then went to Mount Vernon, where he was in the county recorder's office for one year, and through the succeeding year he engaged in conducting a Braying business. In April, 1881, he established his home in Butler and for a year thereafter conducted a bakery. His next business venture was made in connection with his brother-in-law, Isaac Hess. Together they purchased a furniture and undertaking establishment and for four years Mr. Grubb continued in business along that line, after which he sold out and turned his attention to painting and paper hanging. Soon he secured a liberal patron- age in that line and continued the business until 1898. He bought and shipped both live and dressed poultry. In 1898 he invested in forty acres of land near Butler and his time has since been occupied with the care of this property. His life has always been a busy and useful one and with unfaltering purpose he has worked steadily upward and is now numbered among the substantial residents of the community. He was formerly secretary of the bank in Butler before it was changed to a national bank, is now one of its stockholders and is, also a director of the steel furnace factory at Butler. In October, 1872, Mr. Grubb was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Moore, who was born in Licking county, Ohio, April 15, 1848, and is a daughter of Samuel and Maria (Willis) Moore. The father was born in Bedford county, Pennsylvania, in 1816 and died in 1886, having reached the age of seventy years. His wife, who was a native of Holmes county, Ohio, passed away in 1865, at the age of fifty years. The father was a miller by trade and took up his residence, in Richland county in 1884, spending his remaining days here. All who knew him respected him for the sterling qualities which characterized his life. His family numbered six children : Urias, who is living in Butler; Henry, a resident of Fort Wayne, Indiana; Susan, deceased; Mrs. Grubb; Sadie, who has also passed away ; and .Fanny, the wife of Joseph Staunton, of Butler. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Grubb has been blessed with two sons, Alvin J., who for sixteen years has been a telegraph operator for the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad at Butler and lives with his parents; and William B., also at home and also an operator on the Baltimore & Ohio. Interested in community affairs, Mr. Grubb has given loyal support to many measures that have been of direct and substantial benefit to Butler and the county. He and his brother-in-law, Isaac Hess, and his brother, David Grubb, were the leading spirits in the organization of the Butler Oil & Gas Company, which developed some of the finest grades of oil ever produced in the United States. He has served as assessor of Butler for two years, was also a member of the school board, and has been cemetery trustee. Fraternally 1038 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY he is connected with Sturgeon Lodge, No. 357, I. O. O. F., and filled the position of financial secretary for a number of years. Both he and his wife are connected with the Rebekah degree and they are also members of the Brethren church. Politically Mr. Grubb has always been a democrat but he does not allow partisanship to bias him in the choice of an incumbent for local offices at elections where no political issue is involved. He stands for progressive citizenship as well as business advancement and his effective and earnest efforts in behalf of the community have made him a citizen whose value is recognized. THOMAS LUTZ. Thomas Lutz, residing on section 10, Washington township, where he has a valuable farm of one hundred and twenty-six acres, was born in the province of Wurtemberg, Germany, May 28, 1831, his parents being John Thomas and Mary (Bomgarten) Lutz. The former died in the fatherland and the mother afterward came to America, arriving in this country on the 13th of June, 1847. Purchasing a tract of twenty acres one mile south of where her son Thomas now resides, she here made her home until her demise in 1883. Thomas Lutz, who is the only surviving member in a family of three children, was sixteen years of age when he accompanied his mother on her emigration to the new world, the voyage being made on a sailing vessel, which was thirty-five days in crossing the Atlantic. For the first three years after his arrival here he worked as a farm hand for ten dollars per month. In 1850, attracted by the discovery of gold in California, he made the journey westward by way of the isthmus of Panama, remaining in the Golden state for a year. During that time he experienced a number of exciting and dangerous adventures and met with a fair measure of success in his search for the precious metal. He had been "grub staked" by William B. Hammett and on his return home, according to the agreement, offered half of his earnings to that gentleman, who, however, refused to take anything except the money which. he had loaned our subject, together with ten per cent interest. After being employed by Mr. Hammett as a farm hand for two years, Thomas Lutz determined to engage in agricultural pursuits on his own account and purchased eighty acres of land from his employer. On one occasion he broke his plow point and had to borrow the money with which to buy a new one, but in spite of the difficulties and obstacles which attended him on starting out in life for himself he worked diligently and persistently, clearing his farm and placing thereon many improvements as the years passed by. He now owns a valuable and productive property of one hundred and twenty-six acres, equipped with all modern accessories and conveniences. For the past two years, however, he has rented the place to his son-in-law and now in his later years is enjoying a well earned and justly merited rest. He is well known as a substantial and enterprising citizen of the community and as a man whose life has been upright and honorable in all its relations. HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1039 On the 10th of April, 1862, Mr. Lutz was united in marriage to Miss Amelia Fersch, whose birth occurred in Germany, January 11, 1838, her parents being William and Christina Fersch. The former passed away in the fatherland and the mother afterward came to the United States, her death occurring in Illinois. Mrs. Lutz was one of a family of ten children, seven of whom still survive. She emigrated to the new world in 1861, locating in Butler, Ohio, where she had a sister living. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Lutz have been born nine children, namely : Henry, who married Miss Arminta Fleming and resides in Washington township ; William, who wedded Caroline Gritz and makes his home in Lexington, Ohio; Mary, the wife of John Banks, of Mansfield, Ohio; one who died in infancy; John and George, who are also deceased; Lewis, who. married Miss Alverta Snyder and lives in Washington township; Thomas, who was joined in wedlock to Miss Nettie Straub and resides in Mansfield, Ohio; and Louise, who is the wife of Orvil Snyder and resides on the farm with her father. In his political views Mr. Lutz is a democrat and is prominent in the local ranks of his party, having served as township trustee for two terms and as a school director for eleven years. He has also been clerk of the Grange for eleven years, and both he and his wife are devoted and faithful members of the German Lutheran church. They reside in a fine dwelling which they own on their farm in Washington township, and in the community where they have so long made their home are highly respected and esteemed because of their genuine personal worth and many sterling traits of character. Sixty-one years have passed since Mr. Lutz came to Richland county. This state was then a wild district, its lands unclaimed, its resources undeveloped. A few courageous frontiersmen had dared to locate within its borders but the work, of progress and improvement remained to the future and there was little promise of early development. In the years which have since passed Mr. Lutz has not only witnessed a most wonderful transformation but has largely aided in the labors which have transformed the wild tract into a splendid commonwealth. Now in his declining years he is living retired, enjoying the well earned rest which is the merited reward of a long and honorable business career. WILLIAM W. DISBRO. William W. Disbro, superintendent of the Mansfield cemetery, was born in Bloomington, Illinois, April 25, 1854. The following year his parents, Abraham and Jane (Ferguson) Disbro, removed to Newville, Richland county, Ohio, which place became the family home. In their family were five sons and three daughters, but one son and one daughter are now deceased. The life of William W. Disbro has been an exemplification of the lines in Pope's Essay on Man: "Honor and fame from no condition rise, Act well your part, there all the honor lies." 1040 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY His parents were not financially of the favored ones of earth and the conditions that confronted him in early life made it necessary that he provide for his own support, so that as a boy he obtained employment in a woolen mill. After working in that way for a time he secured a situation on a farm owned by the late Cyrus Herring, in whose employ he continued for eleven years. After he left the farm he turned his attention to the meat trade, with which he was connected for five years, and subsequently he served an apprenticeship to the barber's trade and engaged in that business at Newville. Later he conducted a barber shop at Nevada, Wyandot county. While residing in the latter place Mr. Disbro became acquainted with Clara L. Johnson, whom he wedded on the 16th of June, 1886. Soon after his marriage he returned to Richland county and with his bride began housekeeping in Newville, his old home, where they lived until September, 1887, when they removed to Mansfield, where they have since resided. Soon after coming to the city Mr. Disbro obtained employment in the Mansfield evemtery under the superintendency of Abner Wright. In September, 1891, he was made foreman of the cemetery, which position he held for two years or until he was elected superintendent, in which capacity he has served continuously since. Without intending disparagement to any of his predecessors it can truthfully be said of Mr. Disbro that he is the most efficient and popullar superintendent the association ever had. Upon being elected to the position, in order to more thoroughly qualify himself for the clerical duties of his office, Mr. Disbro pursued a night course in the Mansfield Business College and at the close of the term was graduated in bookkeeping. When he accepted the position of superintendent of the cemetery he determined at all times to be affable and courteous to those with whom he was brought in contact, and his general popularity today attests the fact that he has faithfully carried out the resolution he formed when he went into office. He is today one of the substantial citizens of Mansfield, owning two lots of two acres each within the corporation limits of the city, besides a good farm of eighty acres in Crawford county, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Disbro are members of the First Congregational church of Mansfield and are held in high esteem in the community in which they have lived for many years. Mr. Disbro is truly a self-made man and, as stated, his success attests the truth of Pope's lines that in true worth all the honor lies. SILAS RUMMEL. Silas Rummel, one of the largest landowners of Richland county, is now living retired on one of his farms just outside the village of Lucas. He comes of German ancestry and is a native son of Ohio, his birth having occurred in Seneca county, July 6, 1834. His grandfather, Lewis Frederick Rummel emigrated to this country from Berlin, where he was a member of the royal family. He was there educated for the ministry but left home when still in his teens and never afterward heard from his parents. HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1041 Our subject's father, Lewis Rummel, was a native of Maryland, born in 1804, and the mother, Elizabeth (Nicholas) Rummel, was also a native of that state. The father removed to Ohio in 1832, and being a miller by trade, followed that line of business for several years after coming to the Buckeye state. In 1850 he brought his family to Richland county but after a time made his way to Knox county, where for eleven years he conducted a mill. He once more returned to Richland county and purchased a farm, whereon he made his home until the time of his demise. When he first settled here there were still a great many Indians to be seen and he did considerable trading with the Wyandotte tribe. He was married twice and by the first union six children were born but four of the number are deceased, the brother of our subject being. Alfred, a resident of Jackson county, Oregon. The wife and mother died in 1838, and two years later, in 1840, Mr. Rummel was married a second time and by this union were also born six children, as follows: Mary, the wife of Eli Berry, of Monroe township, this county; John C., a resident of Idaho ; Emily, deceased; David, of Polk county, Missouri; Katura, the wife of John Baker, of Shelby, Ohio ; and Nancy J., the wife of Winfield Carnegie, of Butler, Richland county. The mother of this family passed away in the early ',80s, while the father survived for a number of years, his death occurring in 1891. The father always took an active part in political life and his religious faith was indicated by his membership in the Disciples church. Silas Rummel was reared under the parental roof and acquired his education in the common schools. In his early manhood he learned the millwright's trade, following the same for twenty years. In 1863 he purchased a mill on Rockyfork, known as the old Campbell mill, which he conducted for five years' He later disposed of that and purchased the old Field mill at Lucas, conducting the same until 1902, since which time he has lived retired on a farm near. the city of Lucas. During his active business career he acquired a large amount of land, owning four hundred and twenty acres on section 9, Monroe township, and in addition he owns three hundred and eighty-six acres in Jackson county, Arkansas, a hotel and livery stable in Lucas, residence property in Lucas and other property in the west. Mr. Rummel chose as a companion and helpmate on the journey of life Miss Susan Lahman, to whom he was wedded December 20, 1860. She was born in Knox county, Ohio, August 5, 1839, a daughter of Abner and Elizabeth (Moots) Lahman, the .former born in Rockingham county, Virginia, while the mother's birth occurred in Bedford county, Pennsylvania. They came to Richland county at an early date, their family numbering five children. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Rummel was blessed with seven children, namely: Delorta, who was born November 25, 1861, and is now the wife of O. E. Swigart, of Mansfield, Ohio; William A., deceased; Mary E., the wife of Lewis Dickes, of Arkansas; George L. and Otis A., also of Arkansas, where they are engaged in the timber business; Edwin G., a physician of Butler, Ohio; and Flora, the wife of Sidney Baughman, of Richland county. Mr. Rummel gives his political support to the republican party but has never been active as an office seeker. His wife is a member of the Congrega- 1042 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY tional church. Mr. Rummel is everywhere known for his integrity and honorable methods. Throughout a long, useful and active business career he was never known to take advantage of another in any transaction, so that the competency he has acquired has been worthily won. HENRY O. PITTENGER. Henry O. Pittenger, a prominent and successful farmer of Weller township, where he owns and operates four hundred acres of land, one hundred and four acres of which constitutes a portion of the farm which his father bought in 1851, was born in Franklin township, November 29, 1839, the son of Isaac and Harriet (Myers) Pittenger. The father was born in Harrison county, Ohio, in 1808, and came to Richland county with his bride in 1830, where he bought a farm in Franklin township from the government It was all timber land and wholly unimproved, but nothing daunted, he proceeded to build a log cabin, to clar the land and to plant his seed. In 1851 he sold this place and bought the farm which is a part of the present holdings of our subject. He resided here until 1866, when he removed to another farm which he owned in Weller township, but a year later he removed to Madison township, where he spent the remainder of his days. He died in 1880, highly esteemed and revered by all. He wedded Harriet Myers, who was born in Miami county, Ohio, in 1815, and who survived her husband for a number of years, passing away in 1900 at the venerable age of eighty-six years. Of the five children born to this union our subject is the only one now living. Henry O. Pittenger received a good common school education in the district schools of Richland county, which he attended as regularly as his farm duties would permit. He began his education in a log schoolhouse a mile from his home. He aided his father in his enterprises up to the time he was twenty-three years of age, when, at the outbreak of the Civil war, he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war. While in the army he contracted typhoid fever, as a result of which he has not had good health since. On receiving an honorable discharge from the army, he returned to the parental roof and resumed farming operations. In 1872 he bought the home place of one hundred and four acres, which he cultivated with such success that he has been able to add thereto from time to time until he now has four hundred acres in the home farm. His landed possessions now aggregate nine hundred acres, all in Richland county. On March 23, 1871, Mr. Pittenger was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Mary Morgan, who was born in Miller township, September 23, 1837, the daughter of Simon and Mary (Charles) Morgan. Her father was born in Clinton county, Ohio, in 1778, and came to Richland county about 1812, where he engaged in surveying. He and his brother worked in this capacity all over this section of the country and in a part of Kentucky. He died on HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1045 February 22, 1855, aged seventy-seven years. The mother was also a native of Clinton county, Ohio. She died in March, 1884, at the venerable age of eighty years. Six children were born. to their union, of whom two are now living, namely: Sarah M., the wife of our subject; and Frances A., the wife of James McNall, of Coraopolis, Pennsylvania.. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Pittenger have been born'two children, namely : Isaac Morgan, who resides with his father on the farm. He wedded Miss Clo Russell and they have become the parents of one daughter; Fern. Tracy Ellsworth married Miss Emma Sunkle and lives in the house next to his father's. Mr. Pittenger's residence was built by his father when he was eighteen years of age, but it has since been remodeled and converted into a beautiful home, all the more dear to its occupants because of the associations connected with it. In national politics Mr. Pittenger votes the republican ticket, but locally he votes for men and measures rather than for party. He has never sought office, but is now serving as justice of the peace, as is also his son, Isaac Morgan. Fraternally, he is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, belonging to Jacob Ward Post, of Pavonia. MRS. MARY E. CLINE. Mrs. Mary E. Cline owns a valuable tract of land, comprising one hundred and sixty acres, situated on section 36, Jackson township, and in the management of this displays excellent business ability. Mrs. Cline was born on the farm where she now resides, October 22, 1844, a daughter of Robert and Elizabeth. (Gordon) Cairns. The former was born in Mansfield, Richland county, February 15, 1815, and was a son of Richard and Harriet Cairns. The grandfather was a native of Ireland and was a sea captain, while the grandmother was born in England and had been previously married. Her first husband bore the name of Wilson and by him she had three daughters. Following his demise she gave her hand in marriage to Richard Cairns. Upon their emigration to America they at once made their way to Richland county, Ohio, where they spent their remaining days. Their family numbered three children : Robert, Joseph and Mrs. Harriet McLaughlin. Robert Cairns was reared and educated in this county and in early life worked at the cabinetmaker's, trade. He then engaged in farming in Jackson township and became a wealthy landowner, having four hundred acres, situated on section 36, Jackson township. He was throughout a long period identified with the agricultural interests of the county but in later life retired, making his home in Mansfield until the time of his death, which occurred in 1895, when he had reached the advanced age of eighty years. His wife, who, as stated, bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Gordon, was born in Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, in January, 1815, and when a little maiden of eleven years accompanied her parents on their removal from the Keystone state to Richland county, the journey being made in a covered wagon and the daughter walking the greater part of the distance. She also passed away in Mansfield when seventy-four years of age. 1046 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY Their family numbered nine children, as follows: Mrs. Amanda Myers deceased; Joseph, who lives on a portion of the old homestead in Jackson township; John, who served in the Civil war as a member of Company E, Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry; Robert, who also served with that company and has departed this life ; Richard, who was a member of that company and now makes his home in Mansfield; Mrs. Harriet Barr, of that city; Mary E., now Mrs. Cline and the subject of this review; Mrs. Emma Miller, also a resident of Mansfield; and Mrs. Charlotte Patterson, of that city. Mary E. Cairns was reared on the home farm in Jackson township and acquired her education in the district schools near her father's home. She was early trained by her mother in the duties of the household, so that at the time of her marriage she was well qualified to take charge of a home of her own. It was in 1866, when she was a young lady of twenty-two years that she gave her hand in marriage to Jackson Cline, a son of Michael and Matilda (Murphy) Cline. At the time of her father's death she inherited one hne hundred and sixty acres of the homestead property, situated on section 36, Jackson township, and here she now resides, giving her supervision to the operation of the place. By her marriage Mrs. Cline has become the mother of eight children, as follows : Robert, who is superintendent of the Bell Telephone Company at Indianapolis, Indiana; John, a resident of Columbus, Ohio; Tillie, who died at the age of nineteen years ; Elizabeth, the wife of Frank Gribling; Elzy, who is manager of the Home Telephone Company at Toledo, Ohio; Charles O., who also makes his home in that city ; Albert, of Columbus; and Ada, the wife of Fred Hunt, a resident of Mansfield. Mrs. Cline is a gentle, kindly woman, charitable in her estimate of every one. In the care and management of her farm she shows sound judgment and excellent business ability, while her social qualities are such as to render her popular among her many friends and acquaintances. CHARLES GRIFFITH. In the early part of the nineteenth century the grandfather of Chalres Griffith settled on section 23, Plymouth township, on the farm which has since been divided and is now occupied by Milton W. Griffith and Charles Griffith, who are cousins. It was upon this farm that Charles Griffith was born April 11, 1855, his parents being Levi and Nancy (Kelley) Griffith. The father was born September 13, 1826, on the old homestead, and spent his entire life as a farmer. He had. one hundred and twenty-seven acres of land, which he brought under a high state of cultivation and improvement. He died in March, 1899, while his wife, who was born in January, 1828, passed away in July, 1896. She was a daughter of Charles Kelley, who was a native of Ireland and came to the United States in his boyhood days, where he cast in his lot with the pioneer settlers of Crawford and Richland counties. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Levi Griffith were born four children: Benjamin F., who is HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1047 now living at Granville, Ohio ; Charles ; Ida Amanda, the wife of Professor H. B. Adams, of Lima, Ohio; and Wilbur, who is living in Crestline, Ohio. Charles Griffith spent the days of his boyhood and youth on the home farm and acquired his education in the public schools. He continued to assist his father until 1889, when he rented a farm of eighty acres in Auburn township, Crawford county, and continued its cultivation for five years. He then removes to Tyro and worked in a gristmill for four and one-half years. He then returned to the farm, where he has remained since 1899. He has ninety acres here in section 23, Plymouth township, of which fifty acres was entered by his grandfather, Benjamin Griffith, who secured the northwestern quarter of the section as a claim from the government, and it has always since remained in possession of the family. Levi Griffith purchased the adjoining tract of forty acres, and Charles Griffith is now conducting the place as a grain and stock farm. He has the place well improved and everything about the farm is indicative of his faithful supervision and practical methods. In 1883 Mr. Griffith was married to Miss Laura Caldwell, who was born in Athens county, Ohio, February 13, 1861, a daughter of Captain D. B. Caldwell, of Vickery, Sandusky county, Ohio. He served as a soldier in the Mexican war, running away from home and enlisting under another name. He was also a captain in the Civil war and, being taken prisoner, was incarcerated for eighteen months in Libby prison. Mr. and Mrs. Griffith have one child, Cleo Caldwell, who was born in Tyro, Ohio, June 29, 1899. The parents are members of the Lutheran church in Tyro, in which Mr. Griffith is serving as deacon. His political allegiance is given to the democracy and he has served as school and road officer and also on the election board. MARION D. WARD. Marion D. Ward, secretary of the Mechanics' Building & Loan Association and prominently connected with many of Mansfield's important financial, commercial and industrial concerns, was born in Weller township, Richland county, Ohio, on the 20th of November, 1841. He spent his boyhood on the home farm and received his education in the district school and at the Hayesville Academy, which he attended for two terms. When twenty years of age he began teaching and during the winter of 1861-62 taught a country school. On the 7th of August, 1862, he enlisted for service in the Civil war as a sergeant of Company D, One Hundred and Second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, remaining with that company during its entire campaign and participating in the battle of Athens, Alabama, and intercepting Hood at Decatur, Alabama. He served throughout the war and was mustered out July 7, 1865. On returning to the home farm he taught school and also singing school for nine winters. On the 5th of November, 1873, Mr. Ward was united in marriage, at the home of his bride's father, to Mary Stevenson, a daughter of Samuel Stevenson, a farmer and pioneer resident of Weller township. In that township Mr. Ward 1048 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY taught school during the following winter and in the spring of 1874 took up his abode in Mansfield. From that time until the fall of 1877 he served continuously as deputy auditor of Richland county, being then elected auditor and serving as such until the fall of 1880. Owing to his reelection at that time he filled the position until the fall of 1883, having for two terms of three years each been the capable and faithful incumbent in the office. Upon retiring from public service he entered the wholesale lumber business and, in association with Merchant Carter, established the firm of Carter & Ward. His connection with lumber interests was thus maintained until 1893, and during that time he was a member of the board of education for six years, serving as its president for one year and as its treasurer for three years. He was also a member of the Richland Agricultural Society from 1875 until 1893, acting as its treasurer until 1887, in which year he was elected secretary. During his incumbency in that position, which continued until 1893, improvements were made upon the grounds and buildings of the society and additional grounds were annexed at a cost of more than twenty-five thousand dollars. In January, 1893, he was one of the organizers of the Bank of Mansfield and became the assistant cashier of the institution, while in the spring of 1897 he became cashier, remaining in the latter capacity until the spring of 1907. He then retired but still retains his interest in the bank, being succeeded in the position of cashier by his son, Stevenson E. Ward. He was likewise one of the original stockholders of the Mechanics Building & Loan Association when it was organized in 1886 and became its secretary in 1891, which office he still holds. He was also one of the founders and organizers of the Mansfield Telephone Company in 1898, which has proven one of the most successful and most beneficial institutions of the city, and has been secretary and treasurer since its beginning. He is one of the five equal partners in the May Realty Company, to the credit of which concern there stand many commodious and substantial structures in this city. Among the various other enterprises in Mansfield in which he is largely interested are the Ohio Suspender Company, the Mansfield Lumber Company, the Gallego Coal & Land Company and the Ohio Timber Company, the two last named operating in West Virginia. He has invested to some extent in Mansfield real estate and among his holdings is his home at No. 117 North Mulberry street, where he has resided since 1879. History is no longer a record of wars, conquests an strife between man and man as in former years but is the account of business and intellectual development, and the real upbuilders of a community they who found and conduct successful commercial and financial interests. In this connection Marion D. Ward is widely known, his cooperation havin been sought in the establishment and control of many of the most importan enterprises of Mansfield. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Ward have been born four children, two sons an two daughters. The latter, Mabel and Edna, are both at home. Stevenson E., cashier of the Bank of Mansfield, married Miss May L., a daughter of Jerry and Katherine Sullivan, of Mansfield. M. D. Ward, Jr., is a member of the firm of H. L. Bowers Cigar Company, manufacturers of this city. He wedded Hazel, the daughter of Louis and Ella Bowers, of Mansfield. HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY - 1049 A firm believer in the democracy, Mr. Ward took an active part in the local work of that organization for many years. That he has labored unselfishly for the good of the community is shown in the fact that while serving as trustee of the Orphans' Home for three years he appointed a man of opposite political belief as superintendent. On account of this he was asked to resign but refused to do so, saying that politics should not enter into consideration in caring for the children of the county who were orphans. He was also instrumental in having the Western Union Telegram Company's stock and other stock taxed. He is a member of the Benevolent & Protective Order of Elks, the Westbrook Country Club, and his religious faith is indicated by his identification with the First Methodist Episcopal church. He is very .fond of music and all out-of-door sports but of recent years has indulged in the latter only as a spectator. He owns an automobile, which furnishes him his principal source of recreation, and he likewise has a fine library, being a lover of good literature. Though modest and retiring in disposition, his friends find him a genial, social companion, and he stands today as one of the foremost citizens of Mansfield by reason of his long residence here, by reason of his active, honorable and successful connection with its business interests, and by reason of the helpful part which he has taken in promoting those plans and measures that have been of direct benefit to the city. P. S. BAUGHMAN. P. S. Baughman, a native son of Richland county, has now passed the seventy-first milestone on the journey of life, yet he is still actively engaged in agricultural: pursuits and is numbered among the substantial citizens of Monroe township, where he owns a good farm property comprising one hundred and twenty acres of land. He was born May 6, 1837, a son of Aaron and Catherine (Schrock) Baughman, the former a son of Abram Baughman. The grandfather was born in the state of Pennsylvania and came to Richland county, perhaps about 1810, presumably with three brothers, they being among the first residents of Richland county. The mother of our subject was born in the Keystone state and was brought to Richland county by her parents during her infancy. By her marriage she became the mother of nine children, namely : P. S., whose name introduces this review; John, a farmer residing near Bellville, Ohio ; George, who served in the Civil war as a member Company C, One Hundred and Twentieth Ohio Regiment, and died during his term of enlistment; Silas, who died in childhood; A. P., a farmer of Monroe township; Solomon, who resides in the west; Mrs. Mary Jane Robinson, a widow; Harriet, who lives in Monroe township ; Martha, the wife of Squire Wolf. The mother of this family passed away in 1899. P. S. Baughman was reared on the home farm, assisting his father in the operation of the home place until he attained his majority. His education was acquired in the common schools, wherein he mastered the ordinary branches of learning. After attaining his majority he engaged in teaching