HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY. - 323

CHAPTER XXXIII.

FIRST THREE-YEARS TROOPS.

RE-ENLISTMENT OF THREE - MONTHS MEN - UNSUCCESSFUL ATTEMPT OF CAPT. BEEKMAN'S COMPANY TO ENTER THE THREE-MONTHS SERVICE AND ITS RETURN - ORGANIZATION OF COMPANIES IN THE COUNTY-THOMAS FORD COMMISSIONED TO RAISE THE THIRTY-SECOND REGIMENT-CAMP MORDECAI BARTLEY-THE FIFTEENTH REGIMENT-DEPARTURE OF THE THIRTY-SECOND-ROSTER OF THE THIRTY-SECOND-ITS LIFE IN THE FIELD.

AS early as May 4, President Lincoln began to see the immensity of the rebellion and prepare to meet it. That day, he issued a call for recruits to the regular army, and 42,000 men to serve three years. The call for three-months men, as has been noted, was more than twice filled, but still recruiting went on. "They will be needed," said the nation, and the nation was correct. Many of the three-months men re-enlisted, being given time to return home and arrange their affairs. While these companies were out in service, the enlistment of troops had gone steadily on at home.

The town papers of that date are full of "war news." When locals ran short, all they needed was an item or two concerning enlistments or popular gatherings, which they could dilate to the extent of their columns. They speak fully of the companies mentioned, and their departure and return from war.

Among those who raised companies that saw no service, but were ready, was Capt. John W. Beekman, of Plymouth, who raised a company of 100 men. He began recruiting April 18, the next day- after Maj. McLaughlin, and, by Friday evening, enough men were enlisted and waiting for orders to march. Mr. Beekman was elected Captain, and B. F. Day and David Gibbs, Lieutenants. Sabbath day, after drill, the company marched in a body to the Presbyterian church, where they listened to a sermon from the fifteenth verse of the fourteenth chapter of Exodus-" Speak unto the children of Israel, that they go forward " by the Rev. Selman. At its close, the men were each presented with a Bible. "Fully three thousand people were in town," says the Advertiser. The next morning, at 8 o'clock, the company left the village, marching to Norwalk, in Huron County, where it took the cars for Cleveland. Just as it formed to start from Plymouth, Miss Susan Seymour appeared with a fine flag, the gift of the ladies of the town, and, in a neat, appropriate speech, asked the soldiers to "guard it well, and carry it through all war's vicissitudes." Arriving at Cleveland, the company went into camp. But the State could not receive half the men offered, and, after a short encampment, the company disbanded and returned home. Richland County was doing her part nobly. Only seven counties gave more troops on the first call.

Mansfield was also organizing more companies. As fast as organized, they met generally in Miller's Hall to drill. Among these local companies were the "Mansfield Cadets," composed of fifty men, organized May 9. J. B. Hoffer was Captain; Michael Keiser was First Lieutenant; F. Harding, Second Lieutenant; Isaac Gass, First Sergeant.

Jonas Smith, the County Auditor, also organized a company, who met and drilled in the court house hall, while almost daily, on the streets, in the park or near the city, could be heard the

"Tread of armed men."

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A militia company was formed in Washington Township, consisting of fifty men, of whom Mr. Fickle was Captain; James Pollock and Elias Hiser, First and Second Lieutenants. "This company," say the Herald, "was organized under the call for 100,000 men, and holds itself in readiness to move, should it be needed."

A company, called the "Old Guards,"composed of men in the city and vicinity, whose ages ranged from thirty-five to sixty-five years, of whom George Armentrout was Captain, was also organized, and began drilling. Several of the members of this company had served in the Mexican war, and were now reviving a taste of their old experiences.

The Herald, in the latter part of July, says " Rev. Jacob Kahler has just raised a company of artillery, who are to be ready in case an invasion of the city occurs. They are not to leave the city. Each man must be of 175 pounds weight, and of a necessary height and build. They are some of the best men of our county." This paper of the same date also says: " Capt. Thomas H. Ford, on July 25, sent another company to Columbus under command of Capt. Bowland."

Charles R. Lord organized a company early in May, and Friday, the 17th, he was elected Captain; J. Davis, Jr., First Lieutenant, and L. D. Myers, Second Lieutenant. The company, at its organization, numbered fifty-three men. Union meetings were held in most of the townships, at which stirring speeches were made, funds collected and supplies gathered for the relief of the families of those who volunteered and to be sent to the soldiers in camp whom the Government had not yet supplied with equipments. Ex-Gov. Ford and Capt. Seaton each raised a company, and June 8 both companies were on their way to Columbus. M. W. Worden was, at the same time, raising a company, which, however, like all these noticed. was not needed and, like many of them, saw no service until they re-enlisted as three-years soldiers. Capt. Worden's company reported ready for duty August 3.

This chaotic condition of affairs in the military departments of Ohio was largely due to the excited war Governor, and his equally ex cited staff of assistants. They had telegraphed hither and thither for troops, and suddenly found themselves with thousands of men on on hand, and no provisions for their keeping. The newspapers of an adverse political faith, hearing the cry of favoritism and ill-supply of the men, took up the refrain and stirred up the masses, who in turn roundly abused the Governor and the Administration for not being pre pared in a moment. Large numbers of the soldiers could not be received ; there was no call for them, and, like Capt. Beekman's company from Plymouth, they returned without being mustered, and without pay, and minus their time and expenses. The call for three-years men gave the State time and opportunity to relieve itself of its supply of men. They were returned to their homes, and recruiting for the war began. Gov. Dennison commissioned ex-Gov. Ford to raise a regiment, to be known as the Thirty-second, and gave him the colonelcy. He enlisted as many- of his men as he could induce to enter the service, and sent recruiting officers to adjoining counties. His commission was given the last week in July, and in a short time he had one company in the city, full; two being recruited, and one organizing in Perrysville, under command of Capt. Joseph Gladden. On the 2d day of August, two companies, one from Knox and one from Carroll County, came and were clothed here and kept to await the selection of a camp, near Mansfield, now becoming necessary. By the next week, five companies were ready, three of whom, Capt. Bowland's, Worden's and Gladden's, were from this county. Two sites were proposed for camps. One was on the farm of Mr. Long, a little way northwest from the city ; the other near Bart-

HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY. - 325

ley's mill. As the State had made no provisions for maintaining the camp here, it was expected that the citizens would raise the money to pay the rent of the ground and provide barracks for the men.

The Herald of August 17 states that "a camp has been selected on the Tingley farm, to be known as Camp Mordecai Bartley," and "that six companies are there busily engaged in preparing it for the reception of the troops of the Thirty-second Regiment."

While Col. Ford was engaged in recruiting his regiment, Capt. Conger came to the city and announced he would receive recruits for a cavalry regiment. Soon after, Col. Lewis Zahm, a well-known citizen of the State, began raising a cavalry regiment, to which one company, raised by Charles Seidel, was attached. Several men in this company were from this county. At the same time these events were occurring, Lieut. Col. Dickey announced that he would raise a company for three years, to be assigned to the Fifteenth Regiment now recruiting for that serv ice. Capt. Miller received a commission as a Captain, and William Ritter, as Second Lieutenant. Capt. Miller " has good success raising men," says the Herald. But various contingences arose, and the company was, not raised as was at first proposed: Capt. Miller, however, raised a company, which was, not long after, assigned to the re-organized Fifteenth, for three years' service. Nearly all the returned soldiers were, in one way or another, engaged in recruiting. Capt. McLaughlin was commissioned about the middle of September to raise a battalion of cavalry, which afterward formed a part of the "Sherman Brigade." Alexander McIlvaine, who had been First Lieutenant in McLaughlin's three-months company, was commissioned to raise a company, of which he was Captain, when the company was assigned to the Sixty-fourth Regiment. His company was organized Saturday evening, September 21, and elected McIlvaine, Captain; Michael Keiser, First Lieutenant, and Samuel Wolf, Second Lieutenant. The first and last named were in the three months' service, while Mr. Keiser had seen service in the Mexican war.

H. Bentley Smith, Dr. Anderson, of Lexington, Messrs. Winter and --- Gregg were authorized to raise companies, and nearly all succeeded. Late in August, Miller Moody began re-enlisting his company for the Sixteenth Regiment, three years' service. Capt. A. R. Z. Dawson was also commissioned, and began raising a company. This company was also intended for the Fifteenth Regiment, which, as three-months men, were paid off August 20, and began rapidly re-enlisting for three years.

Speaking of the number of companies formed in the county, the Herald of August 21 says Several companies are being formed in the county. If all of them are accepted, Richland County will have furnished a full regiment of three-years men."

August 15, Capt. Cummins received his commission to recruit men for the three-years service. He at once went to work. In a short time after the men were paid for their three months' service, the Captain, like the others, had his company full.

September 4, the Herald gives the following summary of enlisted men ready for service

"Capt. Aaron C. Johnston's company in the Twenty-fifth Regiment; William H. Seaton's, in the same; William B. Bowland's in the Thirty-second; Joseph Gladden's, in the same: Hiram Millers, A. R. Z. Dawson's and A. C. Cummins, in the Fifteenth; and Miller Moody's, in the Sixteenth ; Charles Seidel's company of cavalry is composed of men from this and adjoining counties, and are now in Col. Zahm's regiment. In addition to these," continues the paper. "the following companies are nearly- ready: Capt. F. S. Sowers, for Col. Zahm's cavalry; J. B. Franklin's, for Wade's cavalry; E. B. Conger, for the First Virginia Cavalry, and Capt. George Weaver's for the Fourth Infantry."

326 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY.

About this time these various companies began organizing. Col. Ford was commissioned by the Governor to raise a regiment the Thirty-second-and, as has been mentioned, was also progressing favorably in its recruiting, while these events were occurring. Camp Mordecai Bartley had been selected on the Tingley farm, and there the Colonel began gathering his regiment, augmented to six companies when the site was selected. The camp equipage arrived Monday, August 19, the Government having accepted the camp, and soon tents appeared. Strict military discipline was enforced by the Colonel, who was determined the soldiers should be well drilled. The camp was the center of attraction for all the adjacent country, and every clay received a great many visitors. many of whom brought edibles of all sorts, by which means the soldiers fared very well. The soldiers are all highly complimented by the local papers, as Leing very orderly and military in appearance.

The nest day after the tents arrived. August 20, Col. Ford issued a special circular, No. 6, in which he prescribes camp routine and which he heads as follows: " Headquarters Thirty-second Regiment, Camp Buckingham."* He lead changed the name of the camp in honor of the then Adjutant General of the State. While he remained in camp, the latter name was used; on his departure, September 2, the old name was again adopted.

Col. Ford had secured Capts. Milton W. Worden, William B. Bowland, Joseph Gladden and C. R. Lord, all of whom were busily engaged recruiting men. As early as August

* There seems to be a little confusion in the columns of the local papers regarding the name of the camp. Immediately underneath the order quoted, the Herald alludes to the change and says, " Col. Ford makes it though the State bad given the name 'Mordecai Bartley.' "We think the Colonel has about made the State knock under," "says the local column. However, old soldiers say the state did not"knock under," and that, though the Colonel tried to make the change, he did not succeed. The camp for the Sherman brigade, near town, was, however, named Buckingham, probably to compromise the matter. During the draw, it was also changed to Camp Mansfield.

10, a company from Mount Vernon and one from Carrollton came to Mansfield for this regiment, and were quartered in the city until the camp was selected. By the latter part of August, another came, and went immediately into camp. At that date, there were four companies, which, the newspapers said, aggregated 750 men. Recruiting went rapidly on in this regiment. August 24, Maj. Edie, an United States officer, arrived, and the men were sworn into the service. The camp at that time, each day, presented a lively appearance. Some minister from the city generally preached Sabbath afternoon to the soldiers, although his audience contained often more citizens than soldiers. When the regiment was organized, Ford was made Colonel; E. H. Swinney, Lieutenant Colonel, S. M. Hewett, Major, R. F. Jackson, Adjutant, and R. H. Bentley, Quartermaster.

September 3, the Thirty-second received orders to repair to Camp Dennison. Though not quite full, the Colonel left recruiting officers behind to fill the quota as fast as possible. Early Tuesday morning the regiment left Camp Buckingham and marched to the depot, where sixteen passenger cars awaited them, into which they went, and were soon leaving home. This was the first regiment that left Richland County for the three-years service. War was a reality now. They were leaving home, many of them forever, others to come back only in the body, while the spirit had gone to its Maker from some bloody field of battle, or from some lonely glen or vale; others, maimed for life, while others, who are yet living, came back in the full vigor of manhood, to recount in story and song their life in the camp, on the march and in the field.

On the opposite page will be found the roster of the Thirty-second Regiment-three-years service-showing only the names of those officers who went from Richland County.

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ROSTER OF THE THIRTY-SECOND REGIMENT.

Arriving at Camp Dennison, the regiment was completed, armed and equipped for service, and spent some time drilling and preparing for active duty.

In following the history of the Thirty-second in the field, nothing better can be given than the history as published in the work by Whitelaw Reid, entitled "Ohio in the War." It is as follows

"On the 15th of September, 1861, the regiment left Camp Dennison for West Virginia. As was the case with most, if not all, of the first regiments from Ohio, they were poorly equipped, and armed with the almost useless old smooth-bore. musket of by-gone days. The regiment was moved by railroad, and arrived at Grafton, September 18, and marched the neat day for Beverly, W. Va., where it arrived on the 22d.

At this point, Col. Ford reported for orders to Brig. Gen. Reynolds, then commanding the district of Cheat Mountain, with headquarters at Huttonsville, and was assigned to the command then stationed on Cheat Mountain with Col. Nathan Kimball, of the Fourteenth Indiana Volunteers, commanding the post.

"The Thirty-second had been hurried to the field without discipline of any kind; in fact, it was hardly organized. Here, upon the rugged heights of Cheat Mountain, amid the wild scenery of the Alleghanies, the regiment received its first lesson in the art of war. On the 3d of October, 1861, the Thirty-second, under orders, made a forward movement and led the advance of the army against Greenbrier, Va., through the mountains and pines of that region by midnight. The regiment remained at Greenbrier during the fall of 1861, engaged in watching the movements of the enemy, then commanded by the afterward renowned rebel General, R. E. Lee.

"On the 13th of December, part of the Thirty-second, under command of Capt. Hamilton, accompanied Gen. Milroy in his advance on Camp Alleghany. In his report, Gen. Milroy

328 - HISTORY OF RICHLAND COUNTY.

complimented the regiment very highly on its gallantry and good conduct in its charge into the camp of the enemy. The loss of the regiment in this affair was four killed and fourteen wound ed, some severely. On the return from this expedition, it was ordered to Beverly, where it remained the rest of that severe winter. The time was profitably spent in still further disciplining and organizing the regiment, which made necessary some changes in the roster. The following-named officers retired, and their places were filled by promotion from the ranks Capt. J. A. Lacy, Company A ; W. M. Stanley, Company K, and J. Dyer, of Company I ; Chaplain, Nickerson ; First Lieuts. C. C. Brandt, J. W. McLaughlin. Albert J. Spaulding and C. C. Nichols ; Second Lieuts. John Vanmeter, H. H. Fickel, B. F. Guck, R. F. Jackson (Adjutant), George F. Jack, W. H. H. Case and D. Stambaugh. Surgeon John N. Mowry also retired and was succeeded by Dr. James G. Buchanan, of Willsville, Ohio.

"Still retained in Gen. Milroy's command, the regiment took the advance of the expedition under that officer, which resulted in the capture of Camp Alleghany, Huntersville, Monterey and McDowell. About the 1st of May, a further advance was made to near Buffalo Gap, seven miles from Staunton, Va. The enemy was met at this point, and, after some severe fighting, the National forces fell back to the main army, camped at McDowell, in the Bull Pasture Valley, where Gens. Schenek and Milroy had united their forces, numbering about seven thousand men.

"The rebel General, Stonewall Jackson, advanced against the National force on the 8th day of May, and was met on the side of the Bull Pasture Mountain. A severe battle ensued, which lasted from 2 P. M. until dark, with varied success on each side. The National forces fell back to Franklin, W. Va., closely followed by the rebel army. In this battle, the Thirty-second lost six killed and fifty-three wounded, some mortally. It was the last regiment to leave the field. Lieut. C. Fugate, of Company E, a young officer of fine promise, was among the mortally wounded; he died at Franklin five days after the battle:

"On the 12th day of May, Maj. Gen. Fremont, commanding the Mountain Department, effected a junction with Gens. Schenck and Milroy, bringing with him about twelve thousand men. Before this junction, however, the rebel General Jackson had retired from the National front. The combined National forces lay at Franklin inactive until the 25th day of May, when they were ordered to the support of Gen. Banks, then operating in the Shenandoah Valley against the rebel army under Jackson While the army was in camp at Franklin, the Thirty-second was transferred from Milroy's to Schenck's brigade, composed of the Thirty-second, Fifty-fifth, Seventy-third, Seventy-fifth and Eighty-second, Ohio Volunteer Infantry.

"In Fremont's pursuit of Jackson up the Shenandoah Valley, the Thirty-second bore its part and participated in the battles of Cross Keys and Port Republic, on the 8th and 9th days of June, 1862. The regiment returned to Strausburg about the last of June, was transferred to Piatt's Brigade, and moved to Winchester, Va., July 5, 1862. It remained at Winchester doing garrison duty until the 1st of September, the day the place was evacuated by Gen. White, when the regiment moved with the brigade to Harper's Ferry, and assisted in the defense of that place After making a hard fight and losing 150 of its number, the regiment, with the whole command, was surrendered by the commanding officer of the post to the enemy as prisoners of war. The history of this unaccountable affair is yet to be written. The Thirty-second was paroled and sent to Annapolis, Md., whence it was transferred to Chicago, Ill.

"In the defense of Harper s Ferry, the regiment lost some gallant officers and brave men.

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Capt. S. R Breese, Company H, who succeeded Capt. Baxter, was killed by a musket ball, Capt. M. W. Worden lost a leg, Lieutenant A. G. Hostetter was severely wounded in the foot, and Lieut. E. B. Adams, of Company F, lost a hand. Col. Ford was placed under arrest and sent to Washington for trial by a military commission, on the charge of having neglected his duty in the defense of Maryland Heights. This trial resulted in his dismissal from the service November 8, 1862, by order of the War Department. *

"At Chicago the regiment became almost completely demoralized. It had not been paid for eight months, and many of the men took "French leave" and went home to look after their families. Capt. B. F. Potts was sent to Columbus to ask Gov. Todd to procure an order from the War Department, transferring the regiment to Camp Taylor, near Cleveland. This application was successful, and the Thirty-second, or all that was left of it-thirty-five men, arrived at Camp Taylor December 1, 1862.

"On the 2d of December, Capt. B. F. Potty was appointed by Gov. Todd, Lieutenant Colonel of the regiment, and that energetic officer went immediately to work 'reconstructing' the command. Within ten days, order prevailed, and 800 men had reported for duty. This happy result was not attained, however, without decisive action in the case of several officers, who were charged with inciting disaffection and revolt among the men. Secretary Stanton, of the War Office, ordered their instant dismissal, which was consummated on the 23d of December, 1862. The men were paid in full, and, on the 12th of January, 1863, declared to be exchanged. On the 18th, orders were received to proceed to Memphis, Tenn. In re-organiz-

*The evidence afterward adduced proved almost conclusively the correctness of Col Fort's position and that be was not, as he always asserted, In any can to blame for the day's disaster. That he was made a "scapegoat ' to shield the blunders of a superior officer was pretty well established and he was afterward re-instated by President Lincoln. He did not, however, accept the position, but retired from the service.

ing the regiment, Lieut. Col. Potts was made Colonel, Quartermaster R. H. Bentley, Lieutenant Colonel; Capt. A. M. Crumbacker, Major; Assistant Surgeon Brundige, Surgeon, and Lieut. George Sinclair, Captain. The regiment left Camp Taylor, near Cleveland; January 20; .reached Memphis on the 25th of January, 1863, and was assigned to Logan's division, Seventeenth Army Corps. At the battle of Champion Hills the Thirty-second made a bayonet charge and captured the First Mississippi Rebel Battery men, guns and horses -with a loss of twenty-four men. For this gallant achievement, the captured battery, was tarred over to the regiment and manned by Company F during the entire siege of Vicksburg. The total loss of the regiment during the campaign and siege of Vicksburg was 225, rank and file. It participated in the battles of Port Gibson, Raymond, Jackson, Champion Hills; was in the extreme front of Logan's division when Vicksburg surrendered, and was assigned to post duty under Gen. Logan.

"In August, 1863, the regiment accompanied Stevenson's expedition to Monroe, La., and McPherson's expedition to Brownville, Miss., in October of the same year. It was also with Sherman in February, 1864, at Meridian, and lost twenty-two men at Baker's Creek, Miss.; February 5, 1864, in which last affair Capt. W. A. McAllister was severely wounded while gallantly leading the advance.

"Col. Potts had been assigned to the command of the Second Brigade, Third Division, Seventeenth Army Corps, in the autumn of 1863, and was thereafter but seldom in command of the regiment. In December and January, 1863-64, more than three-fourths of the regiment re-enlisted as veterans, and on the 4th of March, 1864, it was furloughed home. It rejoined the army at Cairo, Ill., on the 21st of April, with its ranks largely augmented by recruits. The only change made while at home was the addition of Dr. T. P. Bond, of

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Champaign County, as Assistant Surgeon. On the 27th of April, the regiment embarked at Cairo with its division and corps, on transports, landing at Clifton. From there it marched to Ackworth, Ga., where it joined Gen. Sherman on the 10th of June, 1864. The Thirty-second was identified with the movements of the Seventeenth Army Corps in Sherman's advance against Atlanta; participated in the assault on Kenesaw Mountain, June 27, 1864, and Nickajack Creek, near Howett's Ferry, on the Chattahoochie River, July 10, 1864. Also in the battles of July 20, 21, 22 and 28, before Atlanta, and lost more than half its number in killed and wounded. In the affair of the 22d of July, Adjt. A. G. Phillips, of Mansfield, Ohio, was killed while encouraging the men, and Capts. Huber and Potts were severely wounded. The regiment was commanded, in those battles, by Lieut. Col. J. J. Hibbetts, Col. Potts being in command of the First Brigade, Fourth Division, Seventeenth Army Corps. (On the 12th of January, 1865, Col. Potts was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General, on the special recommendation of Gen. Sherman, for gallantry before Atlanta, July 22, 1864.)

"After the fall of Atlanta, the Thirty-second moved with the army in pursuit of Hood, after which it rejoined Gen. Sherman and accompanied him on his march to the sea.

"On the 10th of December, 1864, the Thirty-second was in the advance of the army, and contributed its share toward driving the enemy into his works at Savannah. In this expedition, the Savannah & Charleston Railroad was cut, thus destroying the enemy's communications with Charleston. On the 21st of December, the regiment entered Savannah with the army, and went into camp near Fort Thunderbolt. After the review by Gen. Sherman of the whole army, the Seventeenth Army Corps went by transports to Beaufort, S. C. ; thence to Pocatoligo Station, on the Savannah & Charleston Railroad.

"On the 1st of February, 1865, the regiment moved with the army through the Carolinas, and, with the Thirteenth Iowa, was the first regiment to enter Columbia. (Col. Hibbetts, with a mounted detachment of the regiment, entered and captured Fayetteville, N. C., March 10, 1865, after a severe fight with Wade Hampton's cavalry.)

"On the 20th and 21st of March, it was engaged with the enemy at Bentonville, N. C., where, on the 21st, Capt. D. R. Potts, Aid-de-Camp to Gen. B. F. Potts, was killed while gallantly leading the skirmish line of the brigade, in an assault on the enemy's works.

"The regiment came out of the woods to see their friends at Coldsboro, moved with the army to Raleigh, N. C. and was present at the surrender of Johnston's army, May 1, 1865. It marched with the army through Richmond, Va., to Washington City, where it participated in the grand review before President Johnson and his Cabinet.

"The regiment remained in camp near Washington until June 8, 1865, when it took the cars for Louisville. It lay there until July 20, when it was mustered out of the service and proceeded to Columbus, Ohio, at which place the men received their final discharge July 26,1865.

"During the stay of the Thirty-second in Washington, Lieut. Col. Hibbetts was commissioned Colonel, vice B. F, Potts, promoted; Capt. S. Guthrie was made Lieutenant Colonel and Capt. Isaac B. Post, of Company C, promoted to Major, vice Crumbacker, resigned.

"The Thirty-second entered the field September 15, 1861, 950 strong, and during the war received more than 1,600 recruits. Only 565 remained at its muster-out. It is believed that the regiment lost and recruited more than any other from Ohio."