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ALEXANDER, ROBERT (deceased); was born in Belmont Co., Ohio, Jan. 1, 1820 ; his father, Peter Alexander, was born in 1742, and was of Scotch-Irish descent. He married Jane Mitchell, who afterward became the mother of six sons and six daughters; they removed to Belmont Co. from Maryland, and to Worthington Township in 1826 ; be owned three quarter-sections of land north and east of Newville, where he and wife spent the rest of their lives, and finally were buried; Mr. Alexander was 86 and his wife 77 when they died, having lived together sixty-two years. Robert was the fourth son. He was married to Sophia Stimley Feb. 15, 1848. Benjamin Stimley her father, was born in Pennsylvania, Sept. 29, 1798 ; married Rebecca Boling, by whom he had a son and four daughters; the Stimleys were Germans, and owned 80 acres of land ; they removed to Union Co. where the father died September 1826, and the mother February, 1828. Robert Alexander and wife settled on a part of the home farm, which they afterward owned; they have had ten children, six are living-Harriett, born March 13, 1850; Charles S., April 28, 1852 ; Dayton, Jan. 6, 1859; Eda, March 5, 1861 ; Sarah L., Aug. 27, 1867 ; George A., Dec. 18, 1848; Jane, Aug. 28, 1864; Mary Ann, Sept. 10, 1856; Nancy, July 6, 1865. Robert Alexander, at the time of his death, owned 240 acres of fine land on which was a good saw-mill. Mr. Alexander's death suddenly occurred Feb. 17, 1879, aged 59 years 1 month and 16 days; his widow still lives on the old homestead, and with the aid of her children manages the estate.

ALLEN, JAMES, farmer; P.O. Butler; Mr. Allen was born in 1808; his father, John Allen, was born near Baltimore, Va., and was a farmer and blacksmith ; was married to Rosilla Jane Wiles; they were the parents of seven children ; the last account of them is they had removed to Illinois. His fourth son, James, was raised a farmer; came to Ohio in 1842 and settled near Independence, Richland Co. ; was married to Eliza Morris, by whom be had two daughters and five sons; one daughter is now dead ; his first wife died in 1844 ; was married to Julian Worley, in 1846, daughter of David Worley, a former resident of the township ; he and wife both are now dead. The fruits of this marriage were three daughters and five sons; except three they are alive and married ; the family live on John Ramsey's farm in Sec. 35 ; their eldest son was in the 3d O. V. C. during the rebellion, and returned home in safety. Mr. and Mrs. Allen have been connected with the Evangelical Church for sixteen years.

AMES, OLIVER, stonemason; Newville; was born in Genesee Co., N. Y., Dec. 14, 1824; his father's name was William B. Ames; his mother's maiden name Malenda Farwell; his father was a Scotchman by birth ; his mother was as born in England ; his father was a stone mason by occupation ; he was also an honored member of the Ancient Order of Free and Accepted Masons: be was a member of this fraternity for about sixty years; William B. Ames was twice married ; by his first wife he had sixteen children, twelve sons and four daughters, all save one of whom lived to be married and to have children; his first wife died about the year 1839, in Geauga Co., Ohio, at a place called the "Head Lands," about thirty miles below Cleveland ; about two years subsequent to his first wife's death, Mr. Ames was married to his second wife; by this marriage he bad four children, two sons and two daughters; they removed to Ohio in 1833, and settled in Geauga Co., near Plainville ; he resided here about ten years, when he removed to Huron Co., where he resided till his death, which occurred Dec. 12, 1866, aged 93 years; he was buried with the honors of the Ancient Order to which he belonged, in Townsend, Huron Co. ; William B. Ames was a soldier in the war of 1812 ; he participated in the battle of Lundy's Lane, as also in many smaller engagements. Oliver Ames, when but 13 years old, conceived the idea that his parents made him work too hard, and failed to provide him with such food and clothing as be thought he ought to have, and as he felt certain he could get, were he freed from their control; he therefore forsook the home of his childhood to seek his fortune among strangers; he journeyed to Stark County, where he engaged with a farmer to labor four years on the following conditions, viz.: this employer was to feed, and clothe him, send him to school two months each winter season he was there, and at the end of his term of service, he was to give him a horse, saddle and bridle, and $100 in money ; young Ames soon found, however, that he had fallen into the bands of a hard master, who treated him with great severity; he received neither horse, saddle, bridle nor $100, but was turned adrift without a cent; he went to Columbiana Co., where he got employment with a farmer who treated him kindly, and with whom he remained until his marriage. Jan. 4, 1845, be was united in marriage to Miss Rachel, seventh daughter of Abram and Abigal Gant, of Columbiana Co.; Miss Gant was born in Gloucester Co., N. Y., Oct 8, 1824; her parents were both of English descent; they emigrated to Ohio in 1830, and settled in Columbiana Co., where they continued to reside as long as they lived: they were parents of eight children, who lived beyond the period of infancy. one son and seven daughters; Mr. Gant departed this life in the winter of 1847, aged about 70 years ; Mrs. Gant was about the same age when she died, January, 1856 ; two years after his marriage, Oliver Ames commenced working at the stonemason's trade ; he followed this business about twenty-three years, and met with very good success. By careful management and close application to business, he has been able to support a very large family of children, and to secure a competence for his declining years; Mr. Ames removed to Richland Co. with his family, in 1866 ; he purchased a farm of 80 acres near

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Bunker Hill, in Worthington Township; in 1874, he sold this farm and bought one containing 84 acres, situated about three-fourths of a mile east of Newville, on which farm he still resides; this farm is a little rough but highly productive, and Mr. Ames has it in a very good state of cultivation; they have a family of ten children, five sons and five daughters; named in the order, Abigal, born Aug. 11, 1846; Francis Marion, Oct. 1, 1849; William W., Dec. 9, 1851 ; Edwin Oliver, Oct. 5, 1854 ; Rachel Ellen, Oct. 14, 1856 ; George Curtis, Jan. 2, 1859 ; Admire, and Alvira. (twins), July 26, 1861 ; Alfaretta, April 1, 1863 ; and Clark, Nov. 6, 1866 ; Alvira died in infancy. Mrs. Ames died April 7, 1880; she was an invalid for many months; she died in the 56th year of her age and in thirty-sixth year of her married life.

ANDREWS, THOMAS B., farmer; P. O. Lexington; was born May 17, 1807, near Canton, Stark Co., Ohio, of Scotch-English parentage; raised and schooled in the common schools of that day in Canton, the county seat of Stark Co. up to 1821 ; removed to Wayne Co. in that year, and in 1823 removed to Richland Co., and settled on the northwest quarter of Sec. 24, Township 21, of Range 17. Removed to Mansfield, Ohio, in 1827, and where, on the 22d day of January, 1829, he was married to Miss Marilla Pollard, a native of the State of Vermont, and in the fall of that year removed to Knox Co., Ohio, and remained there until the 15th day of November, 1833, the day after that great phenomenon, the falling of the stare, occurred, when he moved back to Richland Co., and settled on the southeast quarter of Sec. 19, Township 21, of Range 17, where he has continued to reside until the present time, this couple have had eleven children, sixty-two grandchildren, and fourteen great-grandchildren. Moses Andrews, father of Thomas B., was born in Washington Co., Penn., on the 6th day of January 1789; and the mother, whose, maiden name was Patience Capes, was born in Jefferson Co., Ohio, in the 18th day of April, 1784 ; they were married Aug. 12, 1806; they I then removed to Canton, Stark Co., Ohio, immediately thereafter, where the said Moses Andrews worked at the carpenter's trade, until he was called by the voice of the people into public life ; he built the first frame house, and put on the first shingle roof in that town he was the first Coroner, and the second Sheriff of that county. Moses Andrews died Jan. 15, 1857; Patience Andrews died April 23, 1868.

ANDREWS, JOHN, carpenter and farmer; P. O. Butler. John Andrews was born in Clarke Co., Ohio, April 14, 1821 ; being of English on his mother's, and Irish extraction on his father's, side; he was compelled to work on a farm in early life; at the age of 14 years he commenced to learn the carpenter's trade, under Moses Andrews, Sr.; he has worked at it and farming alternately, ever since. In 1843, he was married to Jas. Cunningham's daughter, Sally; the result of this union was two sons and five daughters; three are at present alive. He came to Washington Township in 1823, and settled near Bunker Hill, on the Hazelett farm, Sec. 24. His first wife died in 1855 ; was married Marinda Mix, daughter of Justus Mix, in 1856, by who he bad two sons and five daughters ; five are living. Mr. Andrews first and second wives, had the same number of sons and daughters, and each presented him with twins, In 1869, he bought 21 acres, in Section 31, of this township, on which he has since lived; he has held several minor offices, is a member of the Masonic Fraternity, also the Patrons of Husbandry In 1862, he enlisted in Co. E, 3d O. V. C.; in May, 1863, he was discharged, on account of disability ; was drafted in 1864, served till the close of the war in April, 1865, when he again was discharged, sick; he returned, after his recovery, to his work-bench and plow.

BEVERIDGE, JOHN, tailor, Newville. He was born in Clare Co., Scotland, March 27, 1831; he is the eldest son of John and Catharine Beveridge ; when he was about 7 years old, his parents emigrated to this country, and settled near Savannah, at that time in this county. He remained with his parents till his father died ; one year after his father's death, he was apprenticed by his mother to Leaben Burgen of Ashland, to learn the tailor's trade ; served an apprenticeship of five years; he then worked journey-work for about two years, when he rented a shop in Petersburg, where he worked for about three years. In September, 1853, he was married to Miss Julia, eldest daughter of John McKahan of Jeromeville, Ashland Co.; by this marriage he had two children, twins, both of whom died in infancy. Their mother died soon after their birth, and in the eleventh month of her married life; they were all buried at Petersburg. About the year 1854, Mr. Beveridge removed to Lucas, Monroe Township, and rented a shop, and continued to work at his trade. Aug. 23, 1855, he was married to Miss Fayetta Graff, of Green Township; by this marriage he had one child, a daughter, named Catharine, who died when about 19 months old; his second wife died Feb. 15, 1858 ; both mother and daughter are buried at Mount Zion. In September of the same year, Mr. Beveridge removed to Newville, where he engaged in the same occupation. March 15, 1859, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Bunton, daughter of Joseph and Jane Bunton, formerly of Washington Township. Miss Bunton was born in Washington Township June 11, 1835; she was raised by Alexander Freeman and wife, having been taken into their family, when about 7 years old, her mother dying when she was about 5 ; she continued to live with Freemans till her marriage ; they have continued to reside in Newville from that time to the present. Mr. Beveridge enlisted as a private in Co. H, 120th O. V. I., Aug. 21,1862. A month, or two later, his regiment was ordered to the front. He took an active part in the fight at Chickasaw Bluffs, in the rear of Vicksburg, capture of Arkansas Poet, siege of Vicks-burg and the engagement at Jackson, Miss. His regiment was subsequently transferred to the Department of the Gulf; he was with his regiment when that memorable disaster occurred on Red River, on which occasion their Colonel was killed, and nearly the entire regiment captured. Mr. Beveridge was captured with the rest, and marched to Tyler, Tex., where he was held as a prisoner till the close of the war; he was in prison thirteen months, when he was exchanged, returned North, and was honorably discharged from the service. Mr. Beveridge and wife are the parents of four children ; three sons and one daughter-Oliver, born Dec. 12, 1860; Ira, Nov. 12,1867; Maud, May 31, 1870,

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and Lewis, Jan. 8, 1873. Lewis died Oct. 22, 1873, and was buried at St. Johns, Mr. Beveridge became a member of Monroe Lodge, No. 224, I. O. O. F., in 1856. After his return from the army, he united with Sturges Lodge, No. 357, at Newville, of which lodge he is at the present time an active and energetic member; he has attained to the highest rank in his lodge, and is assiduous in the discharge of all his duties. He has been a very active and zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal Church about sixteen years.

CALHOON, NOBLE, farmer; P. O. Newville: was born in Pennsylvania, whence he came to Richland Co.; he settled on the farm one mile north of Newville along with his father, where he stayed till his marriage; John Stanton his boyhood friend relates this, and says be (John) came to this county in 1835, and settled at Newville ; Mr. Calhoon has been very successful financially in life, as his broad acres and well-filled granary will prove: he and wife have raised a family of children who are doing business on their own account, being well started in life.

CARLISLE, FREEMAN, farmer; P. O. Newville. Mr. Carlisle's grandfather was of German descent ; his father came from Holland at a very early period of our country's history; Freeman's grandfather was a farmer, he served through the Revolutionary war on the American side ; he served as a Captain, afterward is supposed to have been promoted to a colonelship before the close of the war, be was at the battle of Bunker Hill and many other engagements ; he was the sire of two sons and two daughters, his wife's name being Darvis: his eldest son, James C. (Freeman's father), was born in 1780; he lived in the State of New Jersey, and was by occupation a farmer; was married to Lydia Hart in 1807, they had six sons and five daughters; they removed to Columbiana Co., Ohio, 1809, when he teamed over the mountains between Pittsburgh and New York ; when the war of 1812 broke out, he enlisted under Gen. Harrison and served till the close of that sanguinary conflict; he helped to erect the block-house at Jeromeville also the one on the Clear Fork, near the present site of Robert Darling's house; he removed to Richland Co. in the fall of 1832, and bought 80 acres in Sec. 4, which he and his sons proceeded to clear and farm till his death, which occurred May 27, 1865 ; his fifth son, Freeman, was born June 5, 1829; stayed at home till his majority. Was married to Margaret Baughman in 1851 by Esq. Kile ; the only fruit of this union was one son, Albert, when the mother died ; in 1854, was again married to Sarah Ellen Brookings, whose father is a shoemaker and owner of a farm; by his second marriage, Freeman had four children viz.: first, Lydia C., who died Jan. 14th, 1877; second, Chas. E. C.; third, Mary Ellen C.; fourth, Sarah E. C.; Mr. Carlisle has held several minor offices; he owns the old homestead on which he has lately erected an elegant house and other improvements; be and wife united with the U. B. Church in 1874, of which they have since been bright and shining lights. His brother James was in the Mexican war, and died at Point Isabel; also has a brother who went to California where he saw many ups and downs, became an honored and respected citizen.

CATE, ANTHONY, farmer; P. O. Butler; Anthony Cates was born in Germany Jan. 6, 1825; his father, John Cate, Sr., was a German; he came to Richland Co. and settled in Washington Township, in 1831, where he bought 160 acres of land ; Anthony was raised to farm work. On 1846, he was married to Margaret Baker, daughter of Christian Baker, who was a citizen of Jefferson Township; he and wife are the parents of three sons and five daughters, all of them are alive, viz., Cyrus, Lecta, Mary, Sanford, Jemima, Anthony, Nora, Alwilda. Cyrus married to Elizabeth Freehefer. Lecta married to Albert Zelliner. Mary married to George Freehefer, and Jemima married to William Mickey. Mr. Cate bought 120 acres of land in Wyandot Co.; sold it and bought 80 acres near Lexington; sold this and purchased 120 acres below Darlington ; sold out, removed to Wood Co., and bought 280 acres, sold and bought 240 acres where he now lives in Sec. 26, northeast quarter Range 17, Township 21 ; afterward sold to his son-in-law, William Mickey, 55 acres, he now owns 185 acres in the same section ; Mr. Cate has always been a hard-working man, who has accumulated the most of his wealth by hard labor; he followed grain thrashing for sixteen years (his son is now engaged in the same business), he is also a member of the Clear Fork Grange. His brother, William Cate, entered the 100-day service during the late war at 19 years of age; contracted disease, of which he died shortly after he was brought home. Mr. Cate's farm is especially adapted to the production of wheat, and is beautifully located.

CATE, JACOB, farmer; P. O. Newville; was born in Germany Sept. 27, 1832 ; he is the second son of John and Catharine Cate ; his mother's maiden name was Doup ; his parents came to this country when he was but 2 years old ; his father entered a quarter-section of land in the southeast part of Washington Township, Richland Co., where he still continues to reside. He is the father of ten children by one wife, five sons and five daughters ; four sons and three daughters of whom are living and have children. Mrs. Cate died in 1862, and is buried on the farm. Mr. Cate is now about 84 years old; he is quite hale and hearty for one of his years, and bids fair to live several years longer; he has performed a great deal of hard labor, and witnessed many solemn changes in his time. Jacob Cate was married to Miss Catharine, second daughter of Henry Groun, of Jefferson Township, in this county, in 1854; she was a Pennsylvanian by birth, and was born in 1830. Jacob Cate farmed for his father for a share of the crops, for several years ; May 8, 1865, he purchased, of his father, the northeast quarter of Sec. 15, in Worthington Township, where he has since resided; this is a choice farm, and Mr. Cate is a model farmer; he seldom fails to raise good crops; Mr. Cate and wife are the parents of eleven children, all living, save one who died in infancy; of the living there are six sons and four daughters, named in the order of their births, as follows: Elizabeth, David, Mary, Jacob, John, Charles, Margaret, Isadora, Philip and William ; the eldest is about 23, and the youngest 5 years old.

CRAMER, REUBEN, farmer; P. O. Butler. George Cramer, father of Reuben Cramer, was born in Berks Co., Penn., in 1798; he was of German descent; his ancestors were among the first settlers of Pennsylvania ; in the days of his boyhood and early manhood, he followed teaming for about eleven years, between

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Lehigh and Philadelphia. He was married to Miss Elizabeth Henry; be moved to Ohio in about 1835, he stopped in Wayne Co., near Smithville, about two years; from there he removed to Richland Co; he purchased 40 acres of land in See. 22, in Worthington Township, on which he removed with his family, and on which lie continued to reside as long as he lived ; after coming to this township, lie assisted in clearing a great deal of land besides his own; he died in 1870 in the 72d year of his age. His widow is living at this date, and has attained to the advanced age of 75 years. George and Elizabeth Cramer are the parents of eight children; six of whom are now living. Reuben, their eldest eon, while a young man, learned the carpenter's trade; he followed this occupation until 1874. He was married to Miss Julia A. Fike Nov. 21, 1855; they are the parents of ten children, six sons and four daughters, named in the order of their births as follows: Daniel, born March 5, 1857 ; Malinda, Nov. 25, 1858; Samuel, June 10, 1860; George, May 15, 1862; John, Nov. 27, 1863 ; Samantha A., Oct. 20, 1866 ; Mary E., July 27, 1867; Jefferson, July 7, 1869; Franklin, May 24, 1871, and Ellen, Dec. 10, 1875; all of whom are living save Jefferson, who died young. Mrs Cramer, who was born May 29, 1834, in Worthington Township, was a daughter of Tobias Fike, who was of Ger man descent, and a farmer by occupation. Aug. 20, 1855, Mr. Cramer purchased 40 acres of the northeast quarter of Sec. 21, in Worthington Township, for $1,015, where he has since resided; he has very materially improved this farm since it came into his possession ; he has erected buildings thereon which are both elegant and commodious; April 23, 1855, Mr. Cramer bought of Jackson Nichols, for $500, 20 acres of the west half of Sec. 28, in this township ; March 7, 1872, he bought 40 acres of the same section, of Jonathan Divelbiss, for which he paid $2,000; he also bought the farm owned by his father at his decease, but has since disposed of it; he is now the owner of 100 acres of land which he and his sons cultivate; he takes a deep interest in the cause of education ; more especially in the education of his own children. His son Daniel is a teacher by profession and has been engaged in the business for some time. Mr. Cramer joined the Lutheran Church at the early age of 14 years; he and his good wife are respected members of the community in which they reside.

CUNNINGHAM, JAMES CAPT., deceased ; he was born in Baltimore, Md., in 1780, and in 1786 emigrated with his parents to Westmoreland Co., Penn., and afterward to Monongalia Co., Va., where his father died ; in 1803, he eloped with Hannah Stateler, to Pennsylvania, where they were married; returning home, they received the forgiveness and blessing of their parents; in 1804, in company with his wife's parents, they removed, to the vicinity of the Black Hand, Licking Co., Ohio; in the autumn of 1805 his wife died, leaving one child, that child is Mrs. Elizabeth Baughman; she now resides with her children in Mansfield. In 1808, Capt. Cunningham was married to Margaret Myers, and in May, 1809, came to Richland Co., and located on the Black Fork of the Mohican, near Perryville, where he put out a crop of corn ; then went back, brought out his wife, and put her down the woods, alongside a camp-fire, and commenced to build a log shanty over her head. which he completed in three days, with the assistance of three men ; later in the season, he removed into the only log cabin then standing in Mansfield, which had been built a few months previously, by one Samuel Martin; the cabin stood on the lot known as the Sturges corner, now ornamented by the handsome three-story brick building of H. H. Sturges. He removed there to board Gen. Mansfield's surveying party, and to "keep tavern," to entertain persons who came here to purchase Virginia military school lands, which were then offered for sale. His wife at first objected to the project of removing to Mansfield to keep boarders ; provisions were scarce, and hard to obtain, and she expected in a few months to become a mother; her consent was finally given, and the captain shelled a few bushels of corn, packed the grist on two horses to mill at Clinton, Knox Co.; the next day, he returned home with the meal, and the day following removed to the cabin above mentioned, where, on the 23d of August, 1809, his wife gave birth to a daughter (Matilda) who was afterward married to William Perry. In the spring of 1810, they removed from Mansfield to the Clear Fork Valley, near St. John's Church, where he rented a patch of cleared land and put out a crop of corn. The next year, he removed to the Black Fork, a mile south of Greentown, where he remained until after the murder of the Zimmer family. At the commencement of the war of 1812, he began raising a company of volunteers ; he called the settlers together at his house, and after stating to them the condition of the country, succeeded in raising a company of men for active duty, the remainder being left to guard the settlement from the incursions of marauding savage. ; he marched his men to Mansfield, and camped on the public square, where they remained far a few days, and were joined by other volunteers, and then marched to Detroit. At the end of the war, he entered a farm in Worthington Township; cleared, improved, and then sold it, with the intention of removing to Missouri; but, reconsidering the matter, he purchased the farm adjoining his former home, where he resided until his death, which occurred in August, 1870. Capt. Cunningham cut the first crop of grain ever harvested in Richland Co.; he was active and energetic, taking a leading part in public affairs, and was the first acting Sheriff of the county -, he was an excellent marksman, and often tried his skill upon the different wild animals which then infested the forests. During the time of his captaincy, Mr. Cunningham attended an officers' muster at Berkshire, Delaware Co., Ohio; just as the company was about to break up, three suspicious-looking soldiers made their appearance on the parade ground; they were immediately arrested as deserters, and subjected to a critical examination, separately ; they each protested their innocence, and declared that they had been out on duty as a fatigue party under Col. Root, and on hearing that Hull had surrendered his army, they had determined to make good their escape, which they did; and in order to approve what they affirmed, they told the examining officers that Col. Root was now at home, a distance of about nine miles from Berkshire ; Col. Kratzer then called around him

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his officers, told them the story of the soldiers, whose intelligence concerning Hull's surrender made them almost frenzied with anxiety, and asked the services of some one to carry a message from him to Col. Root; but one would comply; at this time, Elm Creek, near whose banks the officers were parading, had swollen from recent heavy rains; the waters had overflowed the banks, and covered the bottoms on either side; it was necessary to cross the stream to go to the residence of Col. Root; again Kratzer called upon his officers ; "Who," said he, "will cross that creek, and bear a message to Col. Root?" A moment's pause waited their reply, when several voices almost simultaneously responded, "I will." About six or eight immediately mounted their horses and plunged into the rolling flood. Timber and rubbish were floating down the stream, offering dangerous obstacles. The company had not proceeded far until they retreated, declaring that no man could cross that stream in safety. "Yes, there is," said Capt. Cunningham, and snatching the message from the hands of the officer, he mounted his charger and plunged into the flood. He gained the opposite shore, however, in safety, and proceeded nine miles through s dense wilderness to the residence of Col. Root. The Colonel verified the statement of the soldiers, and dispatched forthwith an answer to Col. Kratzer, requesting him to dismiss the prisoners. On receiving this, Capt. Cunningham retraced his steps to the banks of the stream, which he re-crossed the next morning and arrived safely in camp, amid the cheers and congratulations of Kratzer and his officers.

DARLING, JONATHAN (deceased) ; he was born in Virginia March 7, 1793 ; his father's name was Joseph Darling; his father was a farmer by occupation; he came to Ohio at a very early day and settled in Coshocton Co., where he continued to reside till the day of his death. He died while on a visit to his children in this county; his widow came to this county and lived with hereon Jonathan the remainder of her days. They were both interred in the St. Johns Cemetery, in Mon roe Township. Jonathan Darling was married to Miss Catherine Butler June 24, 1816; they same to this county at an early day, and he purchased s quarter-section of land in the fertile valley of the Clear Fork. His farm adjoined that of his brother William, on which the old block-house stood, being situated in the eastern part of Worthington Township; he subsequently purchased another quarter-section adjoining his first purchase; he then owned a farm of 300 acres of as choice land, perhaps, as there is in the county. He continued to reside on this farm as long as he lived, and with the aid of his sons made many lasting and valuable improvements thereon. Mr. Darling was a quiet, inoffensive, sober and industrious man; kind and indulgent to his children, and social and friendly in his intercourse with the world at large. He and his good wife were members of the Lutheran Church at St. Johns for many years; they were by no means slack in their contributions for religious and benevolent purposes. Mr. Darling and wife are the parents often children, named in the order of their births, as follows; Robert, Joseph, Rebecca, Squire, Vincent, Abigal, Jane, Sophia, John, Editha and Jonathan Passence ; Rebecca, died Dec. 22, 1847, aged 27 years and 10 months; Abigal J., March 29, 1872, aged 46 years 7 months and 24 days; all their other children are living, and all are married and have families by Sophia, who is unmarried. Mrs. Darling died April 18, 1859; Mr. Darling departed this life July 25 1863. He died in the 71st year of his age; and she was to her 66th year when she died; they are both, also her deceased daughters, interred, in the St. Johns Cemetery in Monroe Township.

DARLING, JOHN M.; farmer; P. O. Perryville John M. Darling, fifth son of Jonathan and Catharine Darling, was born in Worthington Township, Feb. 25, 1829 ; the days of his boyhood and early manhood were spent on his father's farm, in assisting him in the cultivation and improvement thereof March 21, 1856, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary, eldest daughter of Jonathan and Eve Henry, of Knox Co., Ohio; Mary Henry was born in Cumberland Co., Penn., July 9, 1837 ; her mother's maiden name was Brolian ; her parents were both of German descent ; she had one brother, named Thomas, and one sister, named Vashti ; her brother died when about 14 years old; her sister married Martin Haas, and resides in Jackson Co., Kan. ; her mother died in 1853, and is buried in the Drinkard graveyard near Ankneytown in Knox Co. John M. and Mary Darling are the parents of thirteen children, six sons and seven daughters, named in the order of their births as follows: Oliver Cromwell, born Dec. 30, 1858; Hulda Ann, Feb. 1, 1860; Mary Alice, Oct. 25,1861; Emma Idessa, Sept. 25, 1863 ; Elvy Catharine, Feb. 23, 1865; Jonathan Homer, Jan. 18,1867: John Ryley, Oct. 4, 1868; Milly, Aug. 30, 1870; Otto French, Sept. 12,1871; Matty, March 20, 1873; Myrtle, Nov. 20, 1877; and Dennis, Feb. 10, 1830. Emma Idessa died Feb. 3, 1864; Oliver Cromwell, Feb. 7, 1864; and an infant son July 20, 1874; the first two died of scarlet fever ; they are buried in the St. Johns Cemetery. After his marriage, Mr. Darling farmed for his father or shares for a number of years; sit his father's death he bought the interests of his brothers and sisters in that part of the old homestead first purchased by his father; he still continues to reside on this farm ; his farming operations are conducted in a workmanlike manner, and his crops, as a general thing, are most abundant, he and his good wife are respected members of the community in which they reside.

DARLING, F. M., farmer; P. O. Perryville. His father, William Darling, was the second son of William and Mary Darling, who were among the earliest settlers of this county; Mr. D. was born April 5, 1820. In 1844, he married Avis Manchester, who was born in Washington Co., Penn., in 1818; soon after their marriage, William Darling, Sr., presented them with 160 acres of land in Sec. 2, where he always lived; their children were George, Marion and Thomas Jefferson Darling (the latter deceased). June 29, 1851, the mother was called away, and May 11, 1853, he married Elizabeth McBride ; she became the mother of three sons and four daughters, via.: Mary Ann, Selena. Jane, Annette, John Franklin (deceased), Elwilda Winfred McClellan and Harry Elvin ; the spring after his last marriage, he bought the Jacob Norrick farm for $2,525, and sold 72 acres to G. M. Alexander for $5,000, and still had 50 acres left; then bought 40 acres of the

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William Garret farm for $2,000, and 160, acres in Indiana, sold, and cleared $1,000; then bought 80 acres in Missouri; then the Stake farm, which in two years he sold at an advance; at his death, he owned 250 acres of the best land in the township; his death occurred July 17, 1876; the following was the notice that appeared: "William Darling was the first of two brothers and five sisters to pass over the river of death. In triumph of living in that, he was entering upon a new life He advised all to meet him in heaven. Before his death, he called his children to his bedside, and begged them to be faithful to God. He made no complaint during his long illness when he felt he was entering the river of death, and his feet were pressing the silent shore, he declared his hope and faith of a better life beyond. He passed to rest calmly and gently as Christians do." F. M. Darling, the second eon, in early life had a fair education, physically and mentally. November 5, 1872, he married Robert Alexander's daughter, Harriet; she has had one eon and one daughter - Robert Ezra Darling and Lilly Avis Darling; they lived two years on Robert Alexander's place, where he was run over by a horse and nearly killed; his father bought him the James Edgar farm of 56 acres of fine land; he has erected elegant and commodious buildings on it; Mr. Darling was caught in the shaft of a threshing machine in the fall of 1877 ; he sustained internal injuries, had his arm broken in three places, and dislocated at the elbow, but finally recovered.

DAUGHERTY, CHARLES, farmer; P. O. Butler. Among the hardy, hard-working yeomen of our county may be named Charles Daugherty, of Worthington Township. He was born in Washington Co., Penn., May 11, 1806; his father, Roderick Daugherty, was of Irish descent and a shoemaker by occupation ; he joined a light horse company of volunteers during the war of 1812, and started at once for the seat of action ; by the time they arrived at Pittsburgh, however, peace was declared, and they were obliged to return to their homes without getting even one shot at the "red costs." Mr. Daugherty then returned to his trade, which he continued to follow as long as he lived; he was the father of three sons and four daughters; Charles Daugherty, early in life, was initiated by his father into the mysteries of shoemaking ; he continued to work at this trade, with pretty good success, till 1855, when he purchased a farm in the southwest corner of Sec. 6, in Worthington Township, to which he removed with his family ; he has continued to follow the peaceful pursuits of a farmer from that day to the present, and has met with very good success. Nov. 27, 1827, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary McCollough ; his first child was born in 1828 ; his wife died in the spring of 1877, and was buried at Four Corners.

DAUGHERTY, J. M., wagon-maker; P. O. Butler; J. M. Daugherty was born near the village of Claysville, Washington Co., Penn., June 29,1827; at the age of 18, he thought best to apprentice himself to a wagon-maker to learn the trade ; with this in view he (in the year 1845), removed to Burgettstown in the same county where his uncle lived, and commenced learning his trade ; he stayed there three years and six months, serving the full time of his apprenticeship ; during his sojourn there, he married Rebecca McCready, at her home in Allegheny City on the 24th of August, 1849; he continued working at his trade in Claysville until July 15, 1855, when he removed to Ohio, and settled in Newville, Richland Co.; he stayed there nearly three years working at his trade,. and then removed to Independence, where he now resides; during his residence there, Mr. D. has served nine years an Deputy Sheriff. Mrs. J. M. Daugherty was born in Washington Co., Penn., May 14,1826 ; they have raised a family of children, one, N. C. Daugherty, living in Lexington, Richland Co., where he is engaged in the tin and stove business.

EMMOUS, JESSIE, farmer; P. O. Newville. J. Emmous was born on the State road, five miles southeast of Mansfield, Oct. 16, 1838; his father, Allen Emmons, was born in the State of New Jersey, about 1801 ; he was a shoemaker, came to Ohio in 1816, and settled near Zanesville. He married Catharine Lime; they raised a daughter and five sons. Catharine Lime was a daughter of Michael Lime, a Pennsylvanian by birth; they owned a tract of land near Bellville, Ohio. Allen Emmons died near Bellville in 1838; his widow married John Lineweaver, of Morrow Co., five and one half years after his death ; she lived thirty years with him ; he died in July, 1875, since then she has lived with her son Jessie, who, at 21, commenced to farm on shares. In 1870, he was married to Mary C. Klusman, a daughter of George Reed, who was born in Adams Co., Penn., about 1791. By trade a fuller, he was married to Nancy London; they had four daughters and two sons; he died at 82 years of age; his wife was twelve years his junior and died six months later; they were members of the German Reform Church. He was a soldier in 1812; his daughter Mary was born in 1833; she married William Klusman, at 18 years of age; he was a shoemaker by trade, and a Lutheran in religion. They owned 2 acres, now S. Snyder's, then 40, now George Byerly's, then, 50 in Knox Co., where he died sixteen years after his marriage. Two years after, Jessie Emmous married his widow; they owned a house and lot in Newville, then 55 1/2 acres of the Buzzard farm, which cost $1,900; traded the town property and $500 for the William Herring farm of 66 acres ; the view from the house is very romantic. Mr. Emmous was in the Quartermaster's department during the late war, under Lieut. Drake, of the lot Michigan Regiment. His brother Albert served three and Michael about two years; he died shortly after he came home from disease contracted while there.

FILLOON, DAVID, farmer; P. O. Newville ; he was born is Indiana Co., Penn., Oct. 14, 1795; his father, Daniel Filloon, was born in the county of Down, Ireland; he was a farmer and weaver; he married Elizabeth Luther, and raised a family of twelve children; they came to America before the war between our country and, Great Britian ; he fought on the American side during the entire war; he was the owner of a plantation in Indiana Co., Penn.; he died about 1809, but his widow lived a number of years after this. David Filloon was bred a farmer; he was married to Rachel Luther, who subsequently became the mother of seven daughters; of these but two are living; he came to Richland Co. in 1822, and settled on Joseph Lewis'

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farm, now known as the Fresse farm; afterward settled in Sec. 23; here he entered 80 acres of land, afterward 40 acres more. Mr. Filloon had a grandson who served in the late war; Jonathan Luther, his brother-in-law, had seven eons who served in this war; one died, another laid in Libby Prison and died after he got out, of disease contracted while there. Harriet Filloon, the fourth daughter, was born in 1824; at 31 years of age, she was married to William Stewart ; Mr. Stewart's father was a farmer, born in Pennsylvania, and removed to West Virginia in 1810, came to Belmont Co., Ohio; he married Rebecca Craig and was the parent of ten children; after living awhile in Belmont Co., they removed to Guernsey Co.; and thence to Muskingum Co., and finally came to Richland Co.; he died in Indiana, his wife's death occurring before his own. William Stewart was born in Belmont Co. in 1810, and was raised a farmer; he married Jane Watt, by whom he had six children; she died in Morgan Co. ; he afterward married Rhoda Steward, who bore him three children; after her death he married Harriet Filloon, who bore him four children. Rachel Filloon has never married, but lived with her now aged father all her life. Mr. David Filloon is tall and commanding in appearance; although in his 85th year he does not appear to be more than 60, his hair and beard are yet dark, and his step remarkably firm considering his age.

GREER, ALEXANDER, farmer; P. O. Butler; was born in Allegheny Co., Penn., July 16, 1805; his father's name was James Greer, and his mother's maiden name Mary Kearns ; his father was of Irish and his mother of Irish and Swede descent; he was raised on a farm; he came to Ohio with his parents in 1820; his father settled in Mohican Township, Wayne Co.; he remained there till the fall of 1853, when he removed to Worthington Township, Richland Co.; he purchased a farm near the present site of Independence, where he stayed till 1862, when he sold his farm and spent the remainder of his days at the home of his daughter Lydda, and his son Alexander; he died, at the house of the latter, in 1868, aged about 86 years; his wife died two years previous, also aged 86 years ; they were buried in Independence Cemetery. Oct. 28., 1864, Alexander Greer was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth, third daughter of Henry and Margaret Amarine ; her mother's maiden name was Lybarger; her parents were both of German descent; she was born Oct. 2, 1802, in Bedford Co., Penn.; her parents came to this country in 1816; they settled in Vermillion Township near the east county line, on a quarter-section of land ; the father died in the fall of the same year, and was buried on the farm; his wife survived him some years; she died in Hancock Co. and was buried there. James Greer married Elizabeth Van Scoik; Mary, Edward Sheehy; Henry, Rachel Waters; John, Elisabeth Waters; Lydda, unmarried; Samuel married Maris Schrader and William, Lydda Wagoner. All of Mr. Greer's children reside in this township; Alexander Greer came to this township in the fall of 1836, and purchased 80 acres of land about a mile west of Independence; he has continued to reside on this farm from that time to the present ; he may be ranked among the honest, upright men of his township ; he served as Justice of the Peace three terms, to the satisfaction of all concerned; he is now near 75 years old, and his good wife near 78; they are quite hale and hearty for people of their age, and willing, at least, to do more work in a day than many young people of the present generation.

HAZLETT, R. W., farmer; P. O. Butler. Robert Wilson Hazlett, second son of Samuel and Mary Hazlett, was born in Worthington Township June 13, 1828. His father was of Irish and his mother of Scotch-Irish descent; they were born and raised in Westmoreland Co., Penn; they were married in the spring of 1823, and during the same spring emigrated to Richland Co. Mr. Hazlett entered the east half of the southeast quarter of Sec. 14, in Worthington Township; he immediately constructed a rude but or cabin on his farm, into which he moved with his family; his farm was a dense and unbroken forest. Samuel and Mary Hazlett are the parents of eight children; five sons and three daughters-Nancy Jane, Robert Wilson, Claranah, Calvin, Mary Ann, Andrew H., and Labanah W.; Nancy Jane and Labanah W. are dead; they are buried in the Bunker Hill graveyard. Mr. Hazlett and wife united with the Presbyterian Church at Perryville, at a very early day. He remained an active and zealous member of this branch of the Christian Church, up to the time of his decease ; his widow still retains her membership therein ; they both sustained a high character among their neighbors and acquaintances. Mr. Hazlett died Aug. 17, 1870, aged 73 years ; his widow still survives him; she resides with her eon Robert W., on the old homestead; she has attained to the advanced age of 81 years ; she is quite hale and hearty for a lady of such advanced age, and is in full possession of her reasoning faculties. R. W. Hazlett was married to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Makiah and Barbary Hill, of Bellville, Nov. 29, 1866. Miss Hill was born July 1, 1834, in Bellville ; after his marriage, Mr. Hazlett settled on the farm now owned by William McConkie, where he remained two years; he removed from there to Bellville, where he purchased a tannery, which business he followed about six years; he then sold his tannery, and engaged in the mercantile business, which he followed for a short time ; in 1867, he purchased 100 acres of land in Worthington Township; being a part of the northwest quarter of Sec. 24, in said township, and removed thereon with his family; he continued to reside on this farm till 1871, when he purchased the "old homestead," where he has since continued to reside; he is now the owner of 180 acres of choice land in one body; his buildings are good; his farm well tilled, and his fences in good repair; he is also the owner of a farm of 75 acres in the southwestern part of this township. Mr. Hazlett and wife are the parents of six children, of whom four are living, two of their children having died in infancy; the names of the living are Edmund, Ida May, Cora and Myrtie. Mr. Hazlett has been a member of Bellville Lodge; No. 306, I. O. O. F., about twenty years, and has attained to the highest position in his lodge; he is also a member of Independence Lodge, No. 256, Knights of Honor. He and his good wife are both active and zealous members of the Presbyterian Church at Bunker Hill, and have been about ten years; they are ever ready to contribute their portion toward the building of churches, the

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support of the Gospel, and the relief of the indigent and distressed.

HEIN, JOHN, hotel-keeper and grocer, Newville. John Hein was born in Wormeldingen, Luxemburg, Germany, April 28, 1844. His father's name was Peter Hein, his mother's maiden name Margaret Backer; his parents were both born in the same town as he ; they were married in 1831 ; his father was a tailor by occupation ; his parents were zealous Catholics; they were the parents of five children, four sons and one daughter, named as follows: Peter, born Oct. 11, 1833; Nicholas, Oct. 4, 1835; Mathias, September, 1837, and Anna, in 1838; Anna died when about 4 months old. Peter Hein departed this life in October, 1851 ; on the death of the father, the family, who were entirely dependent on his exertions for their support, were reduced to the most abject poverty, and it was only by the most stren. none exertions on the part of the mother and children that they were saved from utter want. Nicholas Hein was the first of the family to emigrate to the United States; he landed in Castle Garden, New York, in the spring of 1854; he remained in this city, working at the tailor trade, about eleven years; in 1872, he returned to his native land, and during the same year in company with his mother, came again to this country. John Hein left the home of his childhood Feb. 20, 1867 ; he landed in New York March 22, 1867 ; from New York he proceeded to Chicago, where he remained a few days; from there he traveled to Wisconsin, he stopped awhile with an uncle residing there; he then came back to Chicago, where he got employment, and remained about four months, when he again returned to his uncle's; about this time, he received a letter from his brother Nicholas, who was carrying on a tailor-shop in Loudonville, Ashland Co., Ohio; on receiving this welcome intelligence, he lost no time in proceeding to the home of his brother; he tarried with his brother during the winter of 1868; during the spring and summer of 1869, he labored on a farm, and received for his services the sum of $16 per month. Nov. 25, 1869, he was united in marriage to Miss Catharine, eldest daughter of Michael and Mary Schwire, of Ashland Co.. Ohio. Catharine Schwire was born in Shildersdorf, Alzes-Lothingen, France, Oct, 13, 1832 ; her parents came to this country when she was about 8 years old, and settled in the northeast part of Ashland Co., where they have resided until the present time; her mother's maiden name was Mary Merklinger; her parents are Protestants and have been connected with the church for many years; her father belongs to the Evangelical Association, and her mother to the German Reformed Church ; her father was a shoemaker by occupation, but has not worked at his trade for several years. Mr. Schwire and wife are the parents of five children, three sons and two daughters, named as follows: Catherine, Michael, Barbary, John and David; David died in 1854, aged 7 years, and is buried in the graveyard at the German Reformed Church. Father Schwire is aged 74 years, and his wife 73 years. Catharine Hein was inured to hardship and toil from her childhood ; at the early age of 8 years, she was put out to service by her parents, since which time she has led a life of incessant toil ; by persevering industry and the most rigid economy, she succeeded in acquiring a pretty snug portion of this world's goods; at the time of her marriage, she was engaged in keeping a hotel in Loudonville ; soon after their marriage, her husband engaged in the saloon business in Loudonville, which business he followed in that place for about one year; on the 2d day of January, 1871, they purchased property in Newville, Richland Co., to which they removed; they here engaged in the grocery and saloon business, and met with very good success, during their sojourn here; his mother lived with them about four years; and though she was treated with great deference and respect, she was not content, but longed for the home of her childhood; in August, 1876, she returned to Germany; she died in November, 1877, and is buried with her husband; John and Catharine Hein have very materially improved the appearance as well as the capacity of their Newville property, since they became the owners of it; in 1875, they opened up a hotel in connection with their other business; in this branch of their business they have succeeded admirably well; as neighbors, Mr. Hein and his goon wife are social and kind. Ezra Schwire, only child of Catharine Schwire (now Catharine Hein), was born in Ashland Co. May 11, 1855. In the spring of 1876, he was united in marriage to Miss Louis&, daughter of Simon and Louisa Bolly, of Loudonville, Ashland Co., Ohio, by whom he has had two children, named Gertrude and Mary Catharine.

HENDERSON, JAMES P., M. D., Newville. His great-grandfather was a tenant farmer in Fifeshire, Scotland. His grandfather, Matthew Henderson, Sr., emigrated from that country in 1858. He was the third prominent missionary sent by the Associate Church to these, then British, colonies; and for years the only settled minister of that denomination west of the Allegheny Mountains. He was an earnest friend of education; and had an important agency in those incipient measures which resulted in the establishment of Washington and Jefferson Colleges, now happily united. He was killed by the falling of a bee. tree, in 1796. The Doctor's father, Matthew Henderson, Jr., was a minister of the Associate Reformed Church; and occupied the charge of a congregation in the "Forks of Yough," and its connections, in Western Pennsylvania, with eminent success, and for a period of forty-four years. On the maternal side, the Doctor's great-grandfather, Arthur Patterson, emigrated from the North of Ireland in 1724, and settled on the banks of Big Chiquesabungo in Lancaster County, Penn., then a wilderness; he purchased and located a large tract of land, and commenced farming; having acquired in the old country the trade of blacksmithing, he also carried on this business very extensively in connection with his farming. The Doctor's grandfather, Samuel Patterson, was a farmer, and lived on the Little Chiquesabungo, to the advanced age of 93. He, and his brothers, James and William, served their country in the war of the Revolution; and the latter was taken prisoner by the British, and died while held a prisoner in the prison-ship, on Delaware Bay. The Doctor was born near the borough of Elizabeth, Allegheny Co., Penn., Jan. 17, 1803. His classical and scientific education was received at Jefferson and Washington Colleges ; he was graduated at the latter in 1825, and afterward received the degree of A. M. from the same institution; he read medicine with Dr. David Porter, of Uniontown,

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Penn.; attended lectures at the Washington Medical College, Baltimore in 1823, and the Ohio Medical College, in Cincinnati, in 1833; and received the honorary degree of M. D. from the Willoughby University of Lake Erie, in 1842. He located himself first in Shanesville, Tuscarawas Co., in the spring of 1830; and removed to Newville, in this county, in November, of the same year. Shortly after, and under the former militia system, he received the appointment of Regimental Surgeon successively from Cole. Carpenter, Rowland and Martin ; and has in his possession commissions signed by Gove. McArthur, Lucas and Corwin; he was,, under a law now repealed, elected one of the two school examiners of teachers for Worthington Township; he was a member of the old Richland County Medical Society, and he became a member of the Medical Convention of Ohio, in 1838, and one of its Vice Presidents in 1847 ; and is the author of a paper on " Professional Taxation" published in its trans actions for 1850. He was elected a member of the State Medical Society in 1850; one of its Vice Presidents in 1868; and in 1856 became a permanent member of the American Medical Association. He was appointed one of the Medical Censors of the Western Reserve College, Cleveland, in 1851. In 1841, and in 1842, he was elected a member of the House of Representatives from this county; and in 1850, in conjunction with Crawford County and part of Morrow, of the Constitutional Convention, which framed the existing State Constitution. He is also a member of the State Archaeological Association; has been one of its Vice Presidents, and possesses one of the beet collections of Indian relics in Northern Ohio. At the early settlement of this county, the roads were not as good, nor the streams bridged as they are now; of this the Doctor had some experience; once, when riding at night and in darkness, his breast struck against the overhanging branch of a tree, and again, against the body of a tree broken off above, and its top resting on the ground, and the first thing he knew, on both occasions, he was behind his horse, and per haps on his feet; again, when riding at full speed to escape a falling tree, a limb detached in the crash from a neighboring tree, as large as a man's thigh, fell from a height, grazing his horse's tail; twice, on swimming the Clear Fork on horseback, his saddle bags were swept from under him, such and so great was the force of the current, and so imminent his peril ; again, on visiting a patient at night, and on the public highway, he was shot at, the ball cutting through the leaves of a tree above his head; it afterward transpired that the shot was fired by mistake, for parties suspected of stealing corn, and for whom an old Hessian was lying in wait in the fence-corner, in front of his house, and with gun loaded and in hand. Last June, when engaged in business from home, he was bitten by a large and ferocious dog, on the left arm, inflammation and extensive sloughing supervened, and for some time his life was despaired of; and now, though his health is improved and partially restored, his arm is still numb, stiff and enfeebled. It may be here added, that there is not a man, woman or child living in Newville, that was living there when he came to the village, they having one and all removed, or descended to the grave. In medicine, the Doctor is a general and regular practitioner; in politics, a Democrat, but since the repeal of the Missouri Compromise in 1854, he has co-operated with the Republican party ; and in religion, he is conservative, adhering to the principles and the faith of his fathers. In 1835, he married Anna G. Moreland, stepdaughter of the late Hon. John Hoge, of Washington, Penn. She died in 1866. In 1869, he married Rebecca Tarres, daughter of Wm. Tarres, of this county, and he is the father of four children, of whom but one survives, John M. Henderson, Esq., of Cleveland. Ohio.

HUGHES, RACHEL, widow; P. O. Newville. John Hughes was born in Bucks Co., Penn., Sept. 5, 1805; he was of Irish descent; his father's name was James Hughes, and his mother's maiden name Jane McFadden; he had two brothers, named Alexander and James; Alexander died in Arkansas while engaged in the service of the United States as Army Surgeon ; James removed to Missouri, where he now resides; he had two sisters, Maria and Eliza; Maria married Hulon Galbraith; her husband dying in the prime of life, the support of a family of six children devolved upon her ; she taught several terms of school, at an early day, in District No. 5, Monroe Township. Eliza married Andrew Hazelet, who also died in manhood's prime. John Hughes, with his mother and sisters, came to Richland Co. about the year 1831 ; he was by occupation a tailor; he settled in Newville, where he carried on a shop for many years. He was married to Miss Rachel Hill, eldest daughter of Makiah and Barbary Hill, of Bellville, Nov. 17, 1837; Miss Hill was born in Knox Co. March 15, 1818; her parents removed to Bellville, when she was about 10 years old; her father died about the year 1862, and was buried at Bellville; her mother still resides at Bellville, and is past 80 years old ; she has three brothers-Jesse, William and Francis; the two oldest live in Indiana, Francis lives in Bellville; she has six sisters, five of whom are living, and one dead. Naomi married Matthias Dish, to whom she bore six children; she died at Jeromesville, and was buried there; Miranda married Conn Seaman: Lydda Ann is unmarried, and lives in Bellville. Elizabeth married R. W. Hazlet, of Worthington Township. Catharine married John Shoemaker; her husband died in the army during the late war. Mary married Abraham Titus; they removed to Michigan where they now reside. John and Rachel Hughes are the parents of six children, four sons and two daughters-Amanda, the eldest, was born Oct. 16, 1840; James Eagleson, June 30, 1843; William Hill, July 12, 1846; Alexander, April 8, 1850; Mary Elizabeth, March 6, 1854, and Erwin Feb. 8, 1853. Mr. Hughes was Postmaster in Newville many years; he also held offices of trust in his township, the duties of which he discharged to the satisfaction of all concerned; he enlisted as a private in Company B, 120th O. V. I., Aug. 5, 1862; served about seven months, when he was honorably discharged on account of physical disability, and returned home to die; he died Feb. 24, 1863, and was buried at Newville ; he was regarded as one of the beet citizens of his town and township; at his death, he possessed but few of this world's goods; she was equal to the emergency; having acquired a pretty thorough

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knowledge of her husband's trade, she continued to ply the needle with fair success; her eldest eon, who had enlisted as a private in Company A, 64th O. V. I., Oct. 16, 1861, and served with credit till February, 1863, when he was honorably discharged on account of ill health, and returned home, never recovered from the shock his constitution had received; consumption had become firmly seated, and balled the skill of the beet physicians; he lingered a few months ; departed this life Dec. 2, 1863, and was buried with the honors of war in the Newville Cemetery; her second son, William H., died of consumption Feb. 24, 1870; by industry and economy, Mrs. Hughes has been able to maintain herself and family; her eldest daughter married James Rosa, of Lucas, who is now mail agent on the Mansfield, Coldwater & Lake Michigan Railroad; her youngest daughter married George Sweasinger, a blacksmith, formerly of Perryville, now of Newville, Ohio; Alexander has been in the West for many years; Irwin resides with his mother. Mrs. Hughes has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church more than fifty years, and has always contributed her share toward the support of the Gospel and other religious purposes.

KOOKEN, H. C., shoemaker, Newville. H. C. Kooken was born southeast of Ashland September 3, 1837 ; he is of German and French extraction. His father, William H. Kooken was born in Bedford Co., Penn., about 1801 ; Mr. Kooken, at 14 years of age, began to learn the shoemaking trade, at which he still works; married Susan Devenbaugh May 12, 1836; she was born April 8, 1804, in Westmoreland Co., Penn, and came to Ohio at 10 years of age. William Kooken settled near Ashland in 1831; he lived here thirty years, then removed to Mifflin Township, this county; after nine years he removed to Monroe Township ; they were the parents of twelve children, of whom three only are alive, viz., Henry Kooken, William Kooken, Jr., and Louisa Fulton ; Henry Hooken learned the shoemaker's trade. September 25, 1862, he married Mary Elizabeth Pearce, a daughter of Louis Pearce. Her father was born in Allegheny Co., Penn., June 19, 1797; December 30, 1850, he died on his way home from California; his first wife was his cousin Susan Pearce, whom he married in 1821; she died December 20, 1822. Susan Kooken's father, Daniel Devenbaugh, is said to be the first white man that was in Richland County. He drove a baggage wagon in Gen. Wayne's army, was also an Indian Trader, he and the old Indian chief, Jerome, used to camp together on Jerome Fork. John Kooken, William Kooken, Sr.'s father, served as a private in the war of 1812. Henry Kooken has two sons and four daughters, viz., Landon McG., Esther C., Luella V. (now dead) Lizzie E., Mary (now dead) and Louie. James Pearce, Sr., and his wife, Sarah (Horn) Pearce, were great-grandchildren of William, Prince of Orange They settled in New Amsterdam. Stephen Pearce's wife, Mary Kinney, daughter of Louis Kinney, married in Sussex Co., N. J., in 1762 ; they came to Allegheny Co., Penn., from there to Columbiana Co., and laid out New Lisbon, and then to Richland Co , close to Perryville, where the wife died and was buried ; they are said to have been great-grandchildren of Louis XIV, of France ; their parents fled to Holland during the persecution, and from there to America. Some of their descendants are supposed to be the Vanderbecks, Waldrons, Browers, Webbers, Dubois, Bogart, Delamater and Bogardus.,

LEEDY, HARVEY A., farmer; P. O. Butler. Mr. Leedy was born Nov. 2, 1856, in Jefferson Township; Jacob B. Leedy, his father, was born is April, 1831, he was a carpenter by trade, at which he worked for ten or twelve years ; he was married to Barbary Garber in 1853 or 1854 ; this lady became the mother of four sons. and two daughters, viz., Mary Alice, Harvy A., Casper N., John Sherman, Rowan M. and Florence N. Leedy ; Mrs. Leedy was a daughter of Michael Garber, a citizen of Jefferson Township. Jacob Leedy enlisted in the hundred-day service in the spring of 1864; he was there but three months when he died at Fortress Monroe, in Virginia; his widow had 40 acres of land; on this, assisted by. a pension, she raised her children ; she died Dec. 4, 1872. Harvey Leedy, the subject of this sketch, was raised a farmer ; Oct. 12, 1875, he was married to Nancy A. Divelbiss, a daughter of David Divelbiss ; Mr. Leedy worked on a farm for a year or more after his marriage, in 1877, he bought 80 acres of the Divelbiss estate, one half of same being bequeathed to his wife.

LIME. MARTIN, agent; P. 0. Newville. M. L. Lime was born five miles from Mansfield, on Lime's hill, July 15, 1835. His father, Michael Lime, was born in Cumberland Co. Penn., in 1806 or 1806; he was of German origin; during his earlier years, he farmed, afterward became the servant of the State, filling such places of public trust as Deputy Sheriff, Constable, Justice of the Peace (which office he still holds). He married Christen & Ridenour ; she became the mother of one son and two daughters; one of the girls is dead. They (Mr. and Mrs. Lime,) lived together eight or nine years, when the mother died; after remaining a widower four yews, Mr. Lime married Lydia Culver; she bore him one son; as they could not live amicably, they were divorced. He then married Elizabeth Henry: they raised a daughter, who is married and living at Crestline, Ohio. Michael Lime's eldest son, Martin, was a bricklayer by trade, also an engineer; followed these trades alternately for fifteen years; next went into the dry-goods and notion business, which he followed for five years; for the past nine years, be has been sewing-machine agent for various companies; he now represents the Howe Company; in 1860, he was married to Susan Wetzler, daughter of H. Wetzler; she was born about the year 1837; they are the parents of four eons and one daughter (the daughter Alice is now dead); the boys are, Augustus Y., Victor, William A. and Clifton E. Mr. Lime lives in the village of Newville, where he has lately erected a new house; he and his wife are in the prime of life, with the prospect of many useful years before them.

LONG, ABRAM, farmer; P. O. Butler; was born in Bedford Co., Penn., A. D. 1805; his father, John Long, was born in Maryland, A. D. 1780; John Long was of German descent ; he was a farmer by occupation; he was married to Miss Susannah, daughter of Abram Leedy, of Bedford Co., Penn., by whom he had twenty-one children, nine sons and twelve daughters. He emigrated to Knox Co., Ohio, in 1816, and entered 135

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acres of land. His wife died on this farm July 14, 1849; he died in June, 1855; Abram, their son, was raised on a firm; he was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Jamison June 14, 1827; Miss Jamison was born Oct. 23, 1807 ; by this marriage, Mr. Long had one child, a son, named William, born Sept. 8, 1828, died May 23, 1830; soon after the birth of this child the mother died. Mr. Long remained a widower until Nov. 3, 1831, when he was married to Miss Catherine, daughter of Jacob Teeter; Miss Teeter was born Aug. 9, 1813; by this marriage, Mr. Long has become the father often children-Elizabeth, born Sept. 19, 1832 ; Jacob, May 9, 1834; Margaret, June 23, 1836; Malinda, March 7, 1838 ; George W., Nov. 28, 1839; Jackson, June 9, 1842; Nancy, Dec. 2, 1844; John, May 1, 1849, and Leah C., May 14, 1852. Elizabeth died Jan. 8, 1834, and Nancy, June 18, 1849. In 1831, Mr. Long bought 50 acres of land in Knox Co., for which he paid $150; he erected log buildings on this farm, and lived there four years during which time he was busily engaged in clearing and cultivating his land; he then sold it for $900; and purchased 120 acres in Jefferson Township, of this county, for which he paid $1,600; he has since purchased 40 acres in the same township, adjoining his farm, for which he paid $800 ; his next purchase was 16 acres in Worthington Township, for which he paid $650, and subsequently sold it to E. Swank for $1,000; he afterward purchased 18 acres, east of Ankneytown, in Knox Co., for $1,000, and sold it for the same. In 1860, he sustained a loss of $1,500 or more, by his barn and its contents being destroyed by fire; he and his good wife have been active and consistent members of the Dunkard Church at Ankneytown, for forty-four years, and have been quite liberal in their contributions for religious and charitable purposes.

McCOLLOUGH, ISAAC, carpenter; P. O. Butler; he came to Richland Co. about the year 1868, and purchased 40 acres of land in the central part of Worthington Township, where he has since continued to reside; he is a carpenter by occupation, and is regarded as a first-class mechanic. Joseph, his eldest son, is a carpenter also ; he is a young man of steady habits and has the reputation of being a very good workman.

McCONKIE, WILLIAM, farmer; P. O. Perryville; eldest son of James and Sarah McConkie ; was born in Worthington Township July 25, 1830; his mother's maiden name was Sarah Johnston ; his parents were of Scotch-Irish descent, but, were born and reared in Westmoreland Co., Penn.; his father came to Richland Co. in 1816, and entered the northwest quarter of Sec. 13, Worthington Township. In the spring of 1818, he removed to this township; there being no cabin on his farm, he occupied one on the farm of Abner Davis while he was building one on his own. James and Sarah McConkie are the parents of twelve children, seven sons and five daughters, named in the order of their births as follows: Margaret, William, Robert, Mary Ann, James Johnston, John, Alexander S., Samuel, Allen, Jane, Mariah and Nancy Ellen. Mary Ann, Jane and Allen are dead ; Mary Ann is buried in Worthington, and the other two in the Bunker Hill graveyard. Mr. McConkie continued to reside on the farm above described as long as he lived ; he and his wife were both respected members of the community in which they lived. He departed this life May 1, 1868, at the age of 75, and was buried in the Bunker Hill graveyard. His widow, with three of her daughters, still continues to reside on the old homestead; she is about 75 years old, and has been quite feeble for a number of years. William McConkie was married to Miss Rebecca A., fourth daughter of John and Catharine Vance, of Hanover Township, Ashland Co., March 24, 1859; Miss Vance was born May 14, 1833, in Stark Co., Ohio; her mother's maiden name was Thoma; her parents were both of German descent; they are both living; her father has attained to the advanced age of fourscore and two years, and her mother to the age of threescore and five; they are quite hale and hearty for people of their age, and their mental faculties seem to be unimpaired. William and Rebecca McConkie are the parents of seven children, five eons and two daughters, named in the order of their births as follows Albert, John W., Ellwood O., Lawrence, Alford and Mary A.; one died before it was christened; Albert died when about 2 years old; they were buried in the Bunker Hill graveyard. About the year 1858, Mr. McConkie bought the east half of the northeast quarter of Sec. 14, Worthington Township; he subsequently purchased 30 acres off the west half of the same quarter-section. Since he became the owner of this farm, he has very materially improved it in many respects ; it is well watered, well timbered and well adapted to all kinds of farming purposes.

McCOY, ISRAEL, farmer; P. O. Butler. Benjamin W. McCoy, father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Cumberland Co., Penn.; he was of Irish descent and a farmer by occupation ; he was married to Sarah Hendricks, of his native county, by whom he had seven children, five sons and two daughters; his wife died in February, 1847, and was buried in her native county; in 1849, he was married to Catharine Simpson, and settled on a farm owned by Martin Hiskey, near Lexington, in this county ; he resided on this farm two years and then removed to Morrow Co., Ohio., and the second year he was there, he purchased 80 acres of land; he continued to reside in Morrow Co. till his decease, which took place in March, 1852 ; he had one child, a son, by his second marriage, who, with his mother, reside in Kansas. Israel McCoy was raised on a farm ; he has worked some at the carpenter trade ; he came to this State with his father. He was married to Sarah Jane Mishey, daughter of John Mishey, of Knox Co., in May, 1857; by this marriage, he had five children, two sons and three daughters; their mother died in Bellville in 1867. In 1868, he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah M., daughter of Warren and Mary Dutton, of Worthington Township. Mr. McCoy and his first wife united, early in life, with the United Brethren Church. His brother, Benjamin F. McCoy, was a soldier in the late war ; he served with great credit more than three years and returned home in safety ; after his return from the army, he engaged in the mercantile business, and was subsequently elected Sheriff of his county, in which capacity he served for several years ; he was a member of the Masonic Fraternity; he died in 1874. His brother William was a tanner by occupation, and carried on that business in Bellville for a

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number of years; he is now the owner of a farm on which he resides. His brother John is a farmer and resides in Kansas. His sisters and other brothers died while young, in Pennsylvania. William B., eldest son of Israel and Sarah J. McCoy, was born Dec. 29, 1858 ; he is married and resides on a farm in Knox Co. Jason B., their second son, born in April, 1860, is attending college at Ashland, Ohio. Floras B., their eldest daughter, born in May, 1862, died in her 2d year. May and Willie, their two youngest, are twins ; one of them lives with her father, and the other was taken soon after her mother's death, into the family of William Dickison of Crawford Co., where she still resides.

MCCLELLAN, WILLIAM, farmer; P. O. Butler; he was born in Westmoreland Co., Penn., April 23, 1818; he came to this State in 1824, and to the county in 1826. He married Nancy Simmons June 11, 1840; Mr. McClellan has had fourteen children; he rented for several years after his marriage; in 1853, he purchased 80 acres in Sec. 29, of John Wilson, for $1,000 ; owned it for eight years and sold it to Daniel Fox for $1,800 ; bought 5 acres in Sec. 21, sold, and bought 60 acres in Sec. 28 for $1,200, sold for $2,400 ; bought 40 acres of the old homestead for $900, and traded for 10 acres north of Independence ; bought 70 acres in Pike Township, Knox Co., sold, and bought 110 acres of William Ross for $5,525, and sold at a lose, then bought in Independence; he has been a member of the Presbyterian Church twenty-four years, also belongs to the Clear Fork Grange, No. 255, and to the Sons of Temperance; he was Constable and Township Assessor two years ; his wife died April 22, 1872: he has since married. His father, David McClellan, was born in 1790, the year William McClellan, Sr., David's father, came to America; William, Sr., entered 60 acres of land in Pennsylvania, Fairfield Township, Westmoreland Co. lie was born in Cork, Ireland ; he was the father of nine boys and three girls ; he and wife died about 1826 or 1827 ; Mrs. McClellan's father, Andrew Hazelette, was born near Old Philadelphia; married Ruth Adams; she raised five sons and four daughters ; she died in 1820. He was again married, and had three daughters; he was the owner of 70 or 80 acres of land, served in the United States Cavalry during the Revolutionary war, and died about 1830; David McClellan's father was a farmer, he married Rebecca Hazelette in 1815; came to Ohio in 1824, and in 1826 to Richland Co.; was a soldier in 1812 ; and was the father of three sons and three daughters; he died Oct. 8, 1862. His wife died Feb. 5, 1867. During life, he entered 80 acres in Sec. 15. He and his wife were members of the Presbyterian Church.

McCURDEY, ANN; P. O. Perryville. This benevolent lady was born in Carroll Co., Md., Jan. 17, 1808; her grandfather on her mother's side was a Roman Catholic; he was married to a Protestant girl, and entered the army during the struggle for American independence; was in several bloody engagements, but never returned to his home; is supposed to have been killed in battle; his wife lived to be 96 years of age. Her father was a farmer; his name was Bushey; he died at 30 years of age, when Ann was but 1 year old. She came to Ohio in her 16th year, was married to Thomas McBride in her 20th year, A. D. 1828, by whom she had four children-Rebecca (now Rebecca Deen), Hugh McB., Elizabeth (widow of the late Wm. Darling), John McBride. After eleven years of wedded life, death called the husband and father hence, leaving the widow with the care of a young family. After remaining his widow eleven years, she was again married, April 11, 1850, to James McCurdey, with whom she lived ten years, when she again became a widow. James McC. was born in the State of Pennsylvania, 1791: he came to Worthington Township at an early day, and entered 160 acres of land in Sec. 12. Was married to Sarah McKenkie, who was born in 1796, by whom he had one son and two daughters; she died Dec. 24, 1844, having lived twenty-nine years after her marriage. Mr. McCurdey was one of the early settlers of the county; it cannot be ascertained when he came here, but there were but few settlers in the township; the land was covered with timber, which required an immense amount of hard labor to clear away; they then had but few tools, and they were often of an inferior quality; fire was often used, but it was more often a source of mischief than benefit. The Widow McCurdey is spending the remaining years of her life on a part of the old homestead, which is farmed by John Coe: she lives all alone, preferring solitude, where she can think of the past, and of the future life that is soon to be to her a haven of rest.

McCURDEY, ROBERT, farmer and stock-raiser; P. O. Perryville. Robert McCurdey great grandparents emigrated from Ireland about the year 1760, the present generation being of Scotch-Irish descent; his grandfather was born in Westmoreland Co., Penn., June 4, 1768 ; was married to Elizabeth McKelvey March 30, 1790, by whom lie had three sons and six daughters; he owned 150 acres of fine land which ho sold, and came to Richland Co. In 1824; he and the entire family belonged to the Presbyterian Church ; he held numerous prominent offices in his native State, and died in Richland Co. July 24, 1839. Wm. McCurdey, the father of Robert and John, was born Dec. 12, 1794; he was married to Elizabeth McKelvey Nov. 5, 1817, who was born in 1791 ; the result of this marriage was two sons and three daughters ; his wife had three brothers, all of whom were in the battle of Brandywine and numerous other engagements ; one of them, William McKelvey by name; held a Captain's and, perhaps, afterward a Colonel's commission; once when out with his comrades on a foraging expedition, they were surprised by a superior force of the enemy ; thinking discretion the better part of valor, they fled ; the British pursued with bayonet fixed, and this Captain, to avoid his enemies, ran under some low trees, where his cap caught in the limb; he ran a few steps but could not bear the idea of losing it ; turning quickly, he snatched it from the bush just as a powerful soldier was about to claim it; his treasure secure, lie lost no time in regaining his camp; but when he came to look at the cap he found it was not of much service, being pierced by nine musket balls. William McCurdey was a farmer, and the owner of 200 acres of land, previous to his to his death ; his family belonged to the Lutheran and Presbyterian Churches; his wife died April 21, 1832 ; he survived her until Sept. 16, 1867. His son Robert

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was born May 4, 1819; was brought up to hard work, like all farmer lads at that early day, who had the grubbing-hoe in hand oftener than the spelling-book. He was married by Squire Hibberts to Miss Catherine Goon, May 26, 1842; she was born Sept. 5, 1819 ; their first child, Simon G., was born March 31, 1843 ; Jacob, May 28, 1846; Allen, March 14, 1849; McKinley, Nov. 16, 1852. Robert and wife and his son Jacob and wife united with the Presbyterian Church in 1868. Mr. McC. has held numerous minor offices, also paid freely toward the support of the war of 1861. His sons are engaged in raising some of the finest breeds of horses and cattle that are to be found in the county; his land is what is called second-bottom land, and cannot be excelled in the State. His father bought 160 acres in the northeast quarter of Sec. 13, afterward 40 acres in the southeast corner of Sec. 12, Robert now owns 60 acres in Sec. 12, and 60 in Sec. 13; also 60 in Hanover Township; his son Jacob lives on his farm in Hanover. The McCurdeys are among the beat citizens : they stand side by side with the best in the land; well may our citizens be proud of their township, when it is composed of such men.

McLAUGHLIN, ROBERT, M. D., Butler. His grandfather, James McLaughlin, was born in Westmoreland Co., Penn., A. D., 1731 ; he was of Irish descent, and a farmer by occupation ; he was a soldier of the King, in the French and Indian war, and participated in the engagement where Gen. Braddock was defeated and killed; at this time he was but 18 years old. When the rupture took place between the mother country and her colonies in America, he was among the first to take up arms against the tyrannical invaders; he participated in the battles of Cowpens, Brandywine, Yorktown and many other hot engagements; he served with great credit during the entire war, and was honorably discharged at its close; after leaving the service, he returned to the peace and quiet of farm life. While a young man, he was the owner of two keel-boats, that plied on the Susquehanna River. He married an English lady named Mackey, by whom he had ten children, eight sons and two daughters ; he came to Ohio in 1801. He entered three or four farms in that part of the territory now included in Columbiana Co.; previous to his death, he divided his real estate among his children ; he died in 1828, aged 97 years; his widow lived to attain the advanced age of 103 years. His second son, named Jeremiah, was born in Northumberland Co., Penn., about 1776 : he was raised on a farm, which pursuit he followed during life; he was married to a Miss McLain, by whom he had nine children ; five of whom are yet living ; he was a member of the Presbyterian Church and served in the capacity of Deacon for many years; his wife died in 1847 ; his own death occurred in 1860. His son Robert was born in Columbiana Co., Ohio, in 1816. The early life of Robert was spent on his father's farm. He commenced to study medicine in 1842, under the instructions of Dr. Jacob S. Kehler, with whom he studied three years; be then attended a course of medical lectures at Willoughby Medical College ; soon after this, he commenced the practice of medicine at North Liberty, Knox Co.; while there, an honorary diploma was conferred upon him by a medical college of Cleveland; he subsequently attended part of a course of lectures at the Western Reserve College, from which he also received a diploma. He commenced the practice of medicine in 1846; he practiced in North Liberty twenty-one years, and succeeded in acquiring a very good reputation and in securing a very lucrative practice. He has been twice married; in 1840. the was united in marriage to Miss Mary Ann Martin, by whom he had four sons, all of whom died in infancy, save their third son, Martin, who is now a rising physician of Independence, this township. His first wife died in 1850. He married for his second wife Miss Margaret Martin ; they were married in 1852; by this marriage he had four-children, three sons and one daughter; one son died in infancy; their daughter died in her 17th year. C. C. McLaughlin, their eldest son, is preparing to enter upon the practice of his father's profession; he has attended two courses of medical lectures, and intends to attend a third before entering upon the practice. After leaving North Liberty, Dr. McLaughlin settled on a farm he had purchased, situated in Worthington Township, one and a fourth miles south of Independence; he continued to reside on this farm till recently, when he removed to Independence.

MOWRY, DANIEL, farmer; P. O. Newville; be was born in Franklin Co., Penn., Jan. 12, 1823; his father's name was Jacob Mowry, and his mother's maiden name Catharine Teeter ; his parents were both of German descent; he came to this county with his parents in 1828; his parents purchased a farm in the southeastern part of Monroe Township, where they continued to reside as long as they lived. He remained with his parents, assisting his father in the improvement and cultivation of his farm till about 1846, when he was united, in marriage to Miss Catharine, third daughter of John and Lyda Stimely, of Monroe Township, by whom he has had eight children, four sons and four daughters, named in the order of their births as follows Mary E., Catharine E., Miranda, Charles C., Annetta E , Willard S., William F., and Marion F. Miranda died when about 10 years old and Willard at the age of about 6 months ; Catharine was about 22 or 23 years old, when she died ; her disease was consumption. The deceased children of Mr. Mowry and wife were all buried in the St. John's Cemetery. The first farm owned by Mr. Mowry was 101 acres, in the southeastern part of Monroe Township, now owned by John Ferguson. He lived on this farm about fourteen years; he then sold it and bought a farm of 245 acres, situated about one half mile west of Newville ; he subsequently sold a part of this farm. He now owns 125 acres of choice land; Mr. Mowry is an enterprising farmer and a good citizen; he is a friend of the cause of education, of the church, and of the Sabbath school, in each of which he takes deep interest; he has two children, a son and a daughter, who are successful school-teachers.

NORRIS, WILLIAM, farmer; P. O. Butler. William Norris was born in Huntingdon Co., Hopewell Township, Sept. 19, 1818; he never had a coat made by a tailor until he was 21 ; he used to work in the fields with nothing but a long tow shirt on; but few boys at the present day know much of hard work compared with Mr. Norris' experience; he never bad but two or three months' schooling in his life, and had to walk about

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three miles to school in order to obtain that ; when but 15 years of age, he made his hand as cradler in company; he had a doctor visit him but once in his life; he came to the State of Ohio in 1835, and located in Holmes Co., where he remained eighteen months. His father, Jonathan Norris, was born March 30, 1793 ; he was a farmer by occupation. He was married to Jane Feley; she was of Irish descent, and was born in September, 1788; she had five daughters and two sons by Jonathan Norris ; she also had a son and daughter by Jacob Long, her first husband; William Norris end his sister Jennie (Lee) Norris are all that are alive of the second set of children-Jonathan Norris came to Ohio in 1835, and settled in Holmes Co., where he remained over one year; he owned 80 acres of land, which he sold and came to Worthington Township, where he bought 160 acres, which he improved. His wife died Feb. 19, 1861, and he died Nov. 26, 1861. William Feley, Mrs. Jane Norris' father, served in the Revolutionary war; he had a finger shot off which came near mortifying; he was subsequently discharged from service on account of it; on his way home he slept in the woods, rolled up in his blanket ; one morning he awoke to find two feet of snow over him. William Norris was married to Margaret Measle Dec. 11, 1842, who was born Aug. 11, 1818, in the State of Maryland; she bore him three sons and three daughters-Amos D., Susan H., Nancy, John and Mary (twins), John died in his 17th year. Margaret Norris died Oct. 18, 1866, after a wedded life of twenty-four years. Mr. Norris was married to Rebecca Daugherty March 3, 1868 ; she was a daughter of Charles Daugherty, whose history is elsewhere stated in this book; she was born May 30, 1840 ; she is the mother of three sons and two daughters-Charley D., Nicholas, Jennie, Minnie and Franklin, who died March 13, 1879; he was born March 20, 1878. Mr. Norris' first land was 80 acres of the old homestead, now occupied by John Bittinger; he afterward bought 80 acres in Jefferson Township, which he sold and made $300; afterward bought the Samuel Hoover farm of 56 acres, which he sold and made $2,400; then bought 80 acres of Mr. Hammet for $1,200; then the Teeter estate of 80 acres for $1,800 ; then his father's estate of 80 acres; afterward the Mike Croner farm of 80 acres for $3,300, and sold to a daughter and son-in-law for $3,300 ; then 80 acres in Paulding Co., Ohio, for $800; he also has a single lot and a lot of two acres in Mansfield, Ohio ; bought 50 acres of the William Darling estate for $2,500; he owns a lot in Independence. Mr. Norris owns 452 acres; he has paid to his first five children $6,000; his last children are to receive the same in addition to their regular share. Mr. Norris was not worth $5 when 21 years of age; he has always been temperate in his habits, worked hard and economized. He never chewed tobacco, nor swore, never smoked a cigar in his life. He is worth from $35,000 to $40,000. He never received any estate from his or wife's parents. He owns the finest house in Worthington Township, and is called one of the finest business men.

PEARCE, JAMES W., merchant, Independence. His fatter, Lewis Pearce, was born in Allegheny Co. Penn. ; he was a farmer by occupation his wife maiden name was Lydia Bowser ; she was born in the city of Philadelphia; her father was superintendent of a glass factory; they were married in Williamsport, Penn., and emigrated to Richland Co. in 1811 ; they had eight children-Sarah, Andrew, William Bowser, Elisabeth, James W., Lucinda, Hannah Jane, Ayers-all lived to marry and raise families. They had many hardships to endure ; they went to Lancaster for flour, to Zanesville for salt, and to Wooster for clothing and groceries ; the balance of the time was spent in farming and clearing the land. They lived in Knox Co., near Frederickstown, about twelve years-where they died in 1852, the mother three months before the father, she being 70 years of age, and Mr. Pearce 75. James W. Pearce was born in a little log cabin in Green Township (now Ashland Co.) June 19, 1814; he soon learned to endure the privations of a pioneer boy; when 20 years of age, he went to Lancaster, Fairfield Co., where he worked in a flouring-mill one year, and for the next five years he was Superintendent for the construction of the Hooking Valley Canal, under the employ of the State; he went to Brownsville, Knox Co., where he became a merchant in 1841. He married Emily C. Dunkan, July 14, 1842; he removed to North Liberty in 1849, where he opened a store ; he removed it to Independence in 1856, where he carries on a store and general banking business ; he has been freight and express agent for fifteen years; he has had a family of three sons and four daughters-Al wilda, who married Charles Weant; William A., who married Louisa, daughter of the Rev. James Williams; Iona, who married Dr. J. M. McLaughlin; Quintilla, married to James J. Aungst ; James B. Pearce, Heenan A. Pearce and Emma A. Pearce.

PEALER, JOHN F., farmer; P. O. Newville ; was born in the town of Bighenbauch, Darmstadt, Germany, Dec. 14, 1804. His father's name was Peter Pealer, and his mother's maiden name, Fredrica Hart man. His father, was a farmer, by occupation : the subject of this sketch was trained by his parents ; he remained with his father, assisting him in his farming operations, till about the time he maintained his majority ; in the meantime, however, he was sent to school, and, by due diligence, succeeded in acquiring a pretty fair knowledge of the common German branches. While yet a young man, he was united in marriage to his cousin, Miss Margaret, second daughter of Fredrick and Eve E. Pealer, of Seheim, a town in his native State, Oct. 27, 1827. Margaret Pealer was born Sept. 22, 1807. Mr. Peeler and wife came to this country in the fall of 1838; after landing in New York, they wended their way to Richland Co., Ohio, and settled near Newville, in Worthington Township; when they arrived at their destination, all they could reasonably call their own, was a family of three small children, a few articles of bed-clothing, a scanty wardrobe, and $1.20 in money; they secured the use of a stable, into which they moved, and where they continued to reside till better quarters could be obtained ; ere long they found a vacant cabin, which they occupied during the winter in the spring next ensuing, tbey removed to a cabin at Hemlock Falls, in the same township, and is the same vicinity;

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here they continued to reside about eight years, during which time the husband was employed as a day laborer; At the end of this period, Mr. Pealer leased a quarter-section of land, situated near Newville, of Peter Alexander. By the terms of the lesser, the lesse was to have three crops for clearing and fencing the land ; the whole farm being covered with a heavy growth of timber. In the spring of 1848, having cleared a small tract, he erected a cabin thereon, into which he removed with his family. He and his eldest sons, who were at that time mere lads, went at once to work to free a portion of the soil of its incumbrance ; while on this farm they commenced a job of clearing on Now Year's Day, and by dint of hard labor had nine and one-half acres ready for cultivation the following spring; they cultivated this field in corn and raised a very good crop, and by fall they had five and one-half acres more cleared which they sowed with wheat. Mr. Pealer continued to reside on this farm eight years; after his lease expired he farmed for Mr. Alexander on shares; the ground being new and fresh, and Mr. Pester an excellent farmer, his crops during this time were most abundant; purchased 96 1/2 acres of land of Abner Davis, situated in Section 11 of this township, for which he paid $1,600; he immediately removed to this farm and with big usual energy set about improving and cultivating it ; the annual products of this farm have, as a general thing, been quite abundant, and the labors of the Pealer family have been amply rewarded ; each of his sons is now the owner of more er less land. In 1860, Mr. Pester bought of Robert MConkie 50 acres of land adjoining his first purchase, for which he paid $1,132; he subsequently bought 30 acres of the Stein heirs, for which he paid $1,718 ; his last purchase was 15 acres, which he sold for about the same he paid for it. John F. and Margaret Pealer are parents of ten children-eight sons and two daughters; the following are their names in the order of their birth: Jane, Eve, John Adam, John Christopher, Fredrick A., John Philip, John Martin, George Alexander, Peter Alexander and Clark Alexander; the Iast three were named for Peter Alexander, who was a bosom friend of Mr. Pealer; their two daughters were horn in Germany and died there: one at the age of 10 months and the other at the age of 8 years; their three eldest sons were also born in Germany ; all the others were born in this township; Adam and Clark live with their parents and are single; Peteris married and lives on the old home farm ; Frederick A. lives on the Stein farm, of which he is the owner ; John C. resides in Boone Co., Mo., and owns a farm of 200 acres John Philip lives in Fayette Co., Ill.; he owns 80 acres of land; he served as Tax Collector 3 years, and is now Sheriff of the county. John Martin was a soldier in the late war; a Corporal in Co. I., 64th Reg., O. V. I.; he participated in many hard-fought battles ; he was in the service two years, and was a brave and trusty soldier; at the battle of Chickamauga, he was shot through the right lung; he was taken to the hospital at Nashville, Tenn., where he died from the effects of his wound, Oct. 27, 1863 ; he was buried at Nashville; George A. was a private of Co. B, 120th O. V. I., in the late war; he was in the service one year, during which time he was engaged in five battles; he was honorably discharged from the service on account of physical disability, incurred by the exposures incident to camp life ; upon receiving his discharge, he returned to his home and friends, where every possible effort was made to restore him to health, but all in vain ; he is buried at St. Johns, Monroe Township.

RAMSEY, JOHN, farmer; P. O. Butler; was born in Stark Co. March 27, 1812; he has been a farmer all his life, but at the same time has found time to turn his attention to other, matters, which has shown his abilities as a financier ; during the war, he made money as a producer of wool; he has held a number of offices. He commenced dealing in live stock in 1855, making more extensive purchases and sales than any man in the county ; latterly he has been speculating extensively in grain. April 26, 1838, he was married to Eliza Brown, by whom he had three sons and one daughter, who are now living; his first office was Constable; has served a number of years as Justice of the Peace; in 1854, he was elected Commissioner; served six years; afterward again elected to the same office; has been Township Treasurer four years ; has also served fifteen years on the Board of Education, He is the owner of 300 acres of land located in Sec. 16, 21 and 35. His father, Andrew Ramsey, was a native of the State of Pennsylvania; he was married in Westmoreland Co., that State, to Isabel Halferty, in 1810; they started for Ohio the same year on horseback, and settled about five miles from Canton, in Stark Co.; he entered 160 acres of land, remained on it five years and sold it for $750; in 1815, became to Worthington Township, where he bought 160 acres of land for $3.50 per acre; he was the first Constable elected in the township; he also was Trustee several terms. He belonged to the Union Church; he and wife were the parents of two sons and two daughters; the mother died in September, 1862; his death occurred December 6, 1863. The subject of this sketch has been administrator of various estates often collecting as high as $20,000, thereby showing the confidence and trust, not only in his honesty, but his business abilities, in which he is held by his fellow-citizens. In early life he united with the Union Church; in 1869, united with the Evangelical Church.

RIDER, WILLIAM, farmer; P. O. Newville; was born in Monroe Township, Richland Co., Ohio, Jan. 1, 1830; his father, Henry Rider, was of German descent and a Pennsylvanian by birth ; his mother's maiden name was Mary Zimmerman ; Henry and Mary Rider are the parents of thirteen children, ten of whom attained to the estate of manhood and womanhood; Henry Rider and wife came to this county about A. D. 1823 ; Mr. Rider entered a quarter-section of land in the southeastern part of Monroe Township, which he improved and cultivated and on which he continued to reside as long as he lived ; he died Jan. 15, 1867; his wife died June 26, 1870 ; they are buried in the Schrack graveyard in Monroe Township. William Rider, third son of Henry and Mary Rider, was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Jane, second daughter of William and Isabelle McClellan, April 8, 1858; bliss McClellan was born in Worthington Township Aug. 1, 1828; her father was born in

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Westmoreland Co., Pa., 1793 ; her mother, whose maiden name was Hazlet, was born near Hagerstown, Md., in September 1793; her parents were married in Westmoreland Co., Penn., A. D. 1819; her father was of Scotch descent; his father and mother and some of his brothers and sisters were born in Scotland; they emigrated to Ireland, where they remained a few years, and from there they came to America. William McClellan was a soldier in the army of 1812; he served a Lieutenant in a company of Pennsylvania militia, commanded by Capt. Charles Hurl; his regiment was commanded by Col. Irvin Hurl. Andrew Hazlet, grandfather of Mrs. Rider on her mother aside, was born Dec. 22, 1756 ; he was married to Miss Ruth Adams, who was descended from the same line of ancestry at John and John Q. Adams ; Miss, Adams, who subsequently became Mrs Andrew Hazlet, was either first or second cousin to John Q. Adams; Andrew Hazlet was a soldier in the war of the Revolution; his father and mother and infant brothers were murdered by the Indians; he served through the Revolutionary war and participated in many of the hard-fought battles ; was with Washington during that memorable winter at Valley Forge; he died about 1832, and was buried in Westmoreland Co., Penn. William and Isabelle McClellan came to Ohio about 1823 ; they first settled in Summit Co., where they remained till 1828, when they removed to Richland, and located near Newville, in Worthington Township. Mr. McClellan was a shoemaker by occupation, and continued at that trade until 1838, when he purchased the farm now owned by Worth Lemmons in this township. He continued to reside on this farm as long as he lived ; he died July 6, 1866, aged about 72 years; his widow died April 7, 1877, aged about 84; they are buried at the Bunker Hill graveyard. They were the parents of eight children, four sons and four daughters ; the names of those who survived the period of infancy are as follows: Nathaniel D., John A., Ruth A., Andrew H., Rebecca J., Rachel M„ William D. and Elizabeth M. William D. died when about 4 years old; Andrew H. was a soldier in the Mexican war ; tie served with credit during the full term of his enlistment; was engaged in many battles wherein he displayed great courage; he died of disease contracted in the army, at Mansfield, on his way home; he was aged about 23 years. Nathaniel died in Mansfield in January, 1879, and was buried there. Rachel married John Simmons, by whom she had two children, a son find daughter, both of whom are living; she died in 1853, and was buried at Bunker Hill; at her death Mr. Rider and wife took the two children, raised and educated them and trained them to habits of usefulness; Mr. and Mrs. Rider are the parents of one child, a son, born Aug. 18, 1859; died May 10, 1863, and is buried at Bunker Hill. Mrs. Rider wrote a very touching poem on the death of her only child. The following accident in the early life of Mrs. Rider may be worthy of note: When she was about 2 years old, she was playing in the yard with her brothers there and sisters, when a huge hog, belonging to her father, seized her in his massive jaws and started for the woods, closely pursued by the terrified father and mother, brothers and sisters. Their loud cries soon brought some of their neighbors on the scene, who joined in the race, but not until the ferocious brute had dragged the child over logs and through the brush for near half an hour, could he be made to relinquish his hold. The parents expected to find her dead, but strange to say, she was uninjured save a few slight scratches. A son of John McClellan has been living with Mr. Ruler and wife since he was about 4 years old. They propose giving him a liberal education.

RUMMEL, LEWIS, farmer: P. O. Newville; was born in Frederick Co., Md , Sept. 18, 1804 ; his father was a Prussian and his mother an American; his father served three years and six months as a soldier in France, then came to America, where he followed the trade of miller. Lewis Rummel was a miller fifty years, is now spending his old age on a farm two miles west of Newville. Before he left the State of Maryland, he married Elizabeth Nichols, in 1827; in the course of time, there were added to the family five sons and two daughters ; his wife died Aug. 28, 1829; in 1840, he married Anna Craig; lie had four sons and two daughters by his second wife, Oct. 1, 1828, he came to Tiffin, Seneca Co., Ohio, where he remained five or six years, then removed to Wyandot County ; from there to Crawford, and then to Richland in 1849 ; from here, he went to Knox County, where he stayed eleven years, and then returned to Richland, where he purchased a farm and has since lived. He united with the Disciples' Church in 1846, of which he has since been an honorable and consistent member. He sent two sons to the war during our late rebellion -James was in the 100-day service; John, served nine months, when he was discharged, but afterward re-enlisted in the 100-day service. John was Sergeant in the 65th O. V. I.; two brothers and a son-in-law of Mrs. Anna Rummel were also. in this war.

SECRIST, DAVID, farmer; P. O. Butler. Mr. Secrist was born in Lancaster Co., Penn., in 1815; his father, Henry Secrist, followed weaving partly, also farmed; he was born in Pennsylvania, and married Rachel Crim ; she became the mother of eighty sons and three daughters; in 1827, they came across the mountains to Ohio and settled in Wayne Co.; remained here till 1830, when they came to Richland Co., Washington Township, where they bought, fenced and improved 160 acres of land ; his wife dying, he married a Mrs. Sentz, whom he outlived; he died in 1860. David, the third son, worked on the farm when a boy; afteward learned the shoemaker's trade, which he followed for thirty years. He married James McClay's daughter, Jane. who was a resident of the State of Pennsylvania; by this union he had seven children, four of whom are living; his wife died June 28, 1853, leaving him with a family of small children, who awakened the compassion of Hannah Hunter, so that in November of the same year, she agreed to see them well cared for by becoming his wife; she subsequently became the mother of a son and daughter ; her father, William Hunter, was a citizen of Saratoga Co., N. Y.; he came to Ohio in 1843; settled in Washington Township, where he entered 80 acres of land, on which he died in 1849; he was married to Nancy Stiles; she raised a family of fourteen children, and died in 1858. David Secrist has owned a number of farms ; he first bought

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20 acres of Steven Bishop; afterward 15 acres; then 15 acres of the Hazelet farm; then 160 acres in Indiana, which he sold, and bought 80 acres of the Rummel Mill property, sold it and bought the Joseph Clever farm, known formerly as the Suninous farm, he sold same and bought 144 acres of the Kanaga farm; sold and bought 160 acres now owned by Isaac Gatton ; sold it and bought in Independence; sold there and bought 80 acres known as the Samuel Easterly farm, and the 80 acres of the Peter Layman farm, where he now lives; also 80 acres in Brown Co., Kan.; he and his son also bought 182 acres in Clarke Co., Ill., where the latter lives. Mr. Secrist is a member of the Evangelical Association Church ; he has been connected with the same twenty-three years; has held several offices. His son George was in the late war. He has two brothers who are preachers in the Evangelical Association Church.

SECRIST, WILLIAM A., M. D.; Independence. He was born in Worthington Township in 1853; he attended school at the Northwestern College, located at Naperville, Ill.; he studied medicine with Dr. George Mitchell, of Mansfield, and after completing his studies, attended lectures at the Medical Department of the University of Wooster; he is now located at Independence, Ohio. Dr. Secrist is a young man of good habits, a Christian and a gentleman in the strictest sense ; he offers his services to the public, and will attend to all calls in his profession with promptness and dispatch.

SHARP, H. H., carpenter: Newville. H. H. Sharp was born in Washington Co., Penn., April 23, 1823; his father's name was Adam Sharp, and his mother's name Mary Sharp; he was raised in Wayne Co., Ohio; he came to Newville in 1842 ; he learned the carpenter's trade with Isaac Pulver. Was married to Mary Ann Switzer, second daughter of Martin and Nancy Switzer, April 24, 1844, by whom he had six children, three sons and three daughters-Charlotte Mahala, born March 8, 1845; Martin Luther, Nov. 3, 1846; Sarah Jane, Oct. 27, 1848 ; Cornelius, Dec. 30, 1852 ; Thomas Wilson, Jan. 2, 1854, and Alice Christian, March 28, 1860. They lived in rented houses for a good many years. Mr. Sharp was considered a very good workman; as a framer, few in his region of the county could excel him; he found no trouble in finding employment. In later life, he became a bridge contractor, and succeeded admirably well in this line of business; be bas probably constructed more bridges in this county than any other man who resides in it. He purchased 80 of acres land in Washington Township, about one and a half miles west of Newville; he removed his family on this farm and continued to reside here for many years; he erected a very good frame dwelling thereon, and a good barn, and made many other valuable improvements. A large portion of the success that Mr. Sharp met with at this time may be attributed to his wife ;she was indeed a notable housewife; her husband being necessarily from home a great portion of the time, the whole management of the farm and household devolved upon her; she succeeded in this fully as well; perhaps, as her husband would have done had he been personally present to oversee the same; he had so much confidence in her, that all his hard earnings were intrusted to her care; nor was this confidence misplaced. Mrs. Sharp was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church from her girlhood; she was liberal almost to a fault in her contributions for the relief of the distressed and the support of the Gospel; she was an invalid for some time before her death, Dec. 5, 1870. Mr. Sharp was married to Miss Margaret Beveridge, daughter of John and Catharine Beveridge; her mother's maiden name was McHardy; Miss Beveridge was born near Aberdeen, Scotland, May 29, 1833; her parents emigrated to the United States when she was but 9 months old, and settled near Savannah, Ashland Co., Ohio; her father died when she was about 7 years old, and was buried at Savannah ; she had three brothers-John, William and James, and one sister who died in childhood ; William died of consumption in 1863, and was buried at Troy, Ashland Co., Ohio; her father and mother were members of the U. P. Church for many years; soon after her father's death, her mother removed to Norwalk, Ohio; Margaret came to Newville in 1860, and lived with her brother John until she runs married: her mother died Dec. 30, 1852, and was buried at Norwalk. Soon after his second marriage, Mr. S. sold his farm and bought another adjoining the town of Newville, on the southwest, where he and his wife still continue to reside. By his second wife, Mr. Sharp had one child, a son, named Leroy, who died in infancy and was buried at Four Corners; his wife was for many years a member of the Lutheran Church, but now belongs to the United Brethren.

SWENDAL, JOHN, deceased ; was born in Ireland, A. D. 1779 ; he was a weaver by occupation ; he started for America in 1812, on the way he was captured by the British and retained as a prisoner thirteen weeks; when released he came to New Jersey, where be worked at his trade a few years ; from there he came to Pennsylvania, where he was, on the 1st day of July, 1817, united in marriage to Miss Jane Ray, who came to Ohio about 1823, and settled in Worthington Township, the ensuing year; they were both laid to rest many years ago, in a country graveyard in their immediate neighborhood; they were the parents of four children, two of whom died in infancy; a son and a daughter are still living; their son, whom they named Arthur, was born in Bedford Co., Penn., Aug. 24, and was brought to Ohio by his parents. His parents being United Presbyterians, he was trained in his youth strictly in accordance with the discipline of that church. He was raised on a farm and trained to habits of industry and economy. May, 14, 1848, he was married to Miss Eliza Price, by whom he had seven children ; three sons and four daughters; three died in infancy, two sons and two daughters are still living. His wife died Feb. 17, 1864; in May, 1865, he was united in marriage to Elizabeth, eldest daughter of John and Mary Kinton; ere the first anniversary of their marriage day came around, his beloved companion was laid in the silent tomb. He married the third time, Mrs. Emily McKee, of Washington Township ; Mr. Swendal is a man of but few words, but a thoughtful reader and deep thinker; he is pretty well informed on many of the important subjects that engross the public mind ; his favorite book, however, is the Bible, which he has made his

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principal study for many years ; he united with the United Presbyterian Church early in life, and continued an active and constant member thereof, until the church in his neighborhood ceased to exist, when he united with the Evangelical Association at Salem, Worthington Township, of which he is now an honored and efficient member. Mr. Swendal has taken an active part in the affairs of his township, especially in the cause of education, and also the improvement of the public highways; he served as a member of the Board of Education for many years ; he was also one of the Trustees of his township several terms ; he has administered on several estates, and collected a great deal of money for other parties ; in all his business transactions he has displayed the characteristics of an honest man.

SHEEHY, EDWARD, farmer; P. O. Butler; Edward Sheehy was born in County Cork, Ireland, in 1809; his father, John Sheehy, was also born there ; by occupation, he was a farmer; he married Mary McCarthy ; they raised five daughters and two sons; the mother died in Ireland in 1821. John Sheehy and family emigrated to this country, and entered 240 acres in Monroe Township ; he cleared and cultivated it till 1829, when he died. Edward bought 80 acres of this land. He was married to Mary Ann Stout, daughter of James Stout; she became the mother of five sons and four daughters, all of whom are living except William, who was killed during the rebellion ; Mrs. Sheehy died in 1856. Jan. 30, 1860, he was married to Mary Greer, daughter of Alexander Greer; by this marriage, he has had one son and two daughters. In the fall of 1860, he sold his farm in Monroe to C. Welty, for $3,000; then bought 110 acres in Sec. 19, Worthington Township, for $3,000, where he has since lived. His son William died of small-pox, at Knoxville; during the war, he was under A. McLaughlin, in the Ohio Cavalry: John served throughout the war and came home at the close; he was in Company D, 15th O. V. I., lst Brigade, 3d Division.

SIMMONS, WILLIAM B., farmer; P. 0. Butler. Mr. Simmons was born Aug. 19, 1820, on the northwest quarter of Sec. 15, Worthington Township ; he was the eldest son by a second marriage; his father, Thomas Simmons, was born in Westmoreland Co. Md., and at an early period of his life removed to Virginia; by occupation he was a farmer; his first wife was Ruth Flahart by whom he had seven children, two dying in infancy; his wife died in 1816; he afterward married Mary Piper, who bore him twelve children. Thomas Simmons came to Richland Co. Jan. 1, 1813, and entered 160 acres of land in Sec. 15; he was in the war of 1812, from which he returned in safety; he had two sons, John and Jacob, who were in the Mexican war; John, Abraham and Otbo served in the late war, on the Union aide, where Otho died; Jacob was first a Captain, afterward a Colonel in the same war on the rebel side. Thomas Simmons died in 1844; his second wife lived five years after this. William Simmons was married to Mary McClellan Nov. 11, 1841; his wife's birth occurred but nine days before his own; they had seven sons and five daughters, only three of whom are living. In 1850, he bought 80 acres in Sec. 28, for $900; afterward, 26 acres in the same section. He was so unfortunate as to lose his wife in 1870, March 14; July 14, 1873, he was married to Margaret Simmons. The 26th day of May, 1876, he and his son Stewart were washing sheep in the Clear Fork, near Independence; Stewart went into water twenty-two feet deep to bathe, after they had finished their work, when he was seized with cramps, and drowned; the following lines were composed by his father and are engraved on his tombstone in the Bunker Hill graveyard: "Stewart Simmons died May 26, 1876, aged 29 years 4 months and 28 days.

"Low down in the deep waters my life I give o'er,

But then I was arisen and carried to the shore,

Where means were applied my life to restore ;

But it was extinct and would never return to me any more."

SMITH, JOHN D., farmer; P. O. Newville Mr. Smith is of English and German descent; he was born near Ashland, Ohio, Jan. 11, 1852. He married William Darling's second daughter, Selena, Nov. 25. 1873; Mrs. Smith, at 4 years of age, left her father's house to live with her Grandmother McCurdy, where she stayed till her marriage; they then went to Indiana and bought 51 1/4 acres of land for $2,000, lived on it three years, when they were called home to see her father die; they promised on his death-bed to stay on the homestead until his son Winfred became 21 years of age. They have one daughter, Elizabeth Ann by name. For the rest of this family history, see Ann McCurdy's and S. M. Darling's biographies.

SMITH, HENRY, farmer; P.O. Newville; was born in Germany in 1802; he and his father were both farmers ; they emigrated to Stark Co. in 1837, and bought 40 acres of land. Our subject was married to Elizabeth Sprou; they had two children in Germany, three in Stark Co., four in Richland Co.; came to this county in 1843 and bought 160 acres for $1,500, afterward bought 9 acres for $700. He and his wife belong to the Lutheran Church; his wife was born in 1804 ; her ancestors were also farmers. His sons farm for him.

SNAVELY, JOSEPH, farmer; P. O. Newville; was born in Franklin Co., Penn., March 30, 1822; his father, George Snavely, was born in Lancaster Co., Penn., in 1779; he was of German descent; he was married to Barbara Aldspaugh, whose ancestors were Germans ; in 1815, he removed to Franklin Co., Penn., and purchased 124 acres of land; be continued to reside there twenty-two years; in 1839, he sold this farm and removed to Ohio. On the last day of April, 1869, be bought one-fourth of Sec. 5, Worthington Township, of Peter Layman, for $2,000. This farm was partially cleared and had a log cabin upon it; he spent the remainder of his days on this farm; he had to work very hard for a few years in clearing and cultivating; but, as he grew older, his eons removed the burden of toil from their father's shoulders, and he spent his declining years in ease and comfort. George Snavely and wife were the parents of eleven children, seven sons and four daughters. They united with the United Brethren Church early in life, and continued to grow in grace and the knowledge of the truth up to the day of their death. Mrs. Snavely died Dec. 26, 1846 ; Mr. Snavely departed this life, Aug. 17, 1862.

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Joseph Snavely, their fifth son, was trained by his parents to habits of industry, sobriety, frugality and strict integrity; early in life, he commenced taking lessons of his father in the art of husbandry; he was an apt student, and ere he attained his majority, had acquired a pretty thorough knowledge of his occupation. In April, 1847, he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Good ; the first land owned by Joseph Snavely was 2 acres in this township, now owned and occupied by Samuel Snyder; he bought this lot for $100, and subsequently sold it for the same; the next farm he owned contained 25 acres, and was situated in Sandusky Township, near the Crawford Co. line; this lot cost him $400, and he sold it for $525; he subsequently purchased 80 acres in Ionia Co., Mich., for $400, and sold it for $600; his next purchase was 40 acres in his native township, for which he paid $950, and afterward sold it for the same price; he then purchased the old homestead for $4,300; his next purchase was the farm now owned by Amos Norris for $2,800, and he subsequently sold it for the same price to Norris, who is his son-in-law ; he next purchased the farm now owned by James Near, adjacent to the town of Newville, containing 92 acres, for which be paid $5,000; after occupying this farm a short time, he sold it to Dr. Morrison for the same he paid for it, taking a farm of 56 acres a short distance east of town at $1,800, in part payment; he sold this farm for the same he paid for it; his next purchase of real estate was the Herring farm, south of Newville ; he paid $2,900 for this farm and sold it for $3,650; his last purchase was a farm of 78 acres in this township, now occupied by his son Peter, for which he paid $3,600, Mr. Snavely and wife are the parents of nine children, four sons and five daughters, christened as follows: Eliza Ann, Peter. Ellucinda, George, Sarah, Catharine, Samuel (and a twin sister who died in infancy), Daniel H. and Lemmory ; five of this number are married. Mr. Snavely and wife united with the U. B. Church in December, 1856, and have been zealous and active members thereof from that time to the present.

SPOHN, J. J., farmer; P. O. Butler; was born in Worthington Township, near Independence, March 19, 1838; he is a son of Martin and Mary Spohn, who still reside in that vicinity; he was raised on a farm and received a common-school education ; on attaining his majority, he left the parental roof, to seek his fortune elsewhere; he worked on public works two years ; he then went to Iowa, where he remained one year. Dec. 19, 1861, he was united in marriage to Miss Isabel, daughter of John Ramsey, Esq., of his native township; by this marriage, he had six children, four sons and two daughters, all of whom are living; they are named in the order of their births as follows: Eliza Jane, Elmore, William, John, Andrew and Thomas. Mr. Spohn bought 80 acres of land in Sec. 29, of his native township, known as the McClay farm, for which he paid $1,650 ; he subsequently purchased of Jackson Nichols 25 acres adjoining his first purchase, and in the same :action ; for this last tract he paid $1,000; he has erected an elegant house and large barn, on this farm, and very materially improved it in many other respects. Mr. Spohn was drafted during the late war, but the citizens of the township raised money and hired substitutes for the drafted men ; Mr. Spohn contributed freely toward this object. His first wife died April 18, 1872. Feb. 13, 1873, he was married to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Louis Fisher, by whom he has had three children, viz., Kate, Eunice and Franklin. Mr. Spohn is an active member of a new secret temperance organization called the " Orients", located at Independence.

SPOHN, MARTIN, farmer; P. O. Butler. His grandfather, Martin Spohn, Sr., was a Dunkard preacher, and was born in Washington Co.,Penn., near old Philadelphia; in 1744, he took what was called the "tomahawk-right improvement.," which consisted in marking trees so as to inclose 160 acres of land, for which, after a specified time had elapsed, he was to pay the Government a certain sum of money, about $17 or $18. He married Mary Leatherman. He was both farmer and shoemaker; twice per year he crossed the mountains, with two horses and pack-saddles, for leather and salt. His first wife had two sons and a daughter when she died ; he afterward married a Miss Donahue, and at 95 years of age he died. His youngest son, Daniel, was born in 1775; he was a farmer; he married Sarah Mack, and came to Richland Co. in 1837, where he owned the Wilson estate at Independence ; he laid out the town of Independence in 1850; his family consisted of two sons and five daughters ; his wife died in 1839, he lived till 1864, when he lost his life by falling into the fire-place. Martin the eldest eon was born in Washington Co., Penn., in 1804; farmed till 1826, when he followed distilling for two and one-half years; then resumed farming. He married Mary Moser, of Smithfield, Fayette Co., Penn.; they became the parents of five sons and two daughters; his wife died in 1863 ; was married the same year to Sarah Hersh, formerly Sarah Swigart, who, by her first marriage, had fifteen children ; they came to Ohio in 1832, and entered 80 acres in Tuscarawas Co.; lived there six years, and in 1838, came to Richland Co., where they bought 80 acres; Mr. Spohn, to 1854, bought 80 acres more, and, in 1860, 15 1/4 acres. He owns 175 1/2 acres of land at present. Paid freely to clear the township of the draft. He belongs to the Ankneytown Dunkard Church.

TAYLOR, DAVID, farmer; P. O. Butler. Hon. David Taylor, one of the most extensive landholders in Worthington Township, was born in Bedford Co., Penn., in 1813 ; he is of Irish on his fathers and English descent on his mother's side; he came to Richland Co. (now Greene Township, Ashland Co.), when 8 years of age ; his father, William Taylor, bought three quarter-sections of land, part of which to-day is known as the Cary farm ; most of this land was military school land on which some of his neighbors found it impossible to meet the yearly payment of $19 and odd cents due to the Government ; and it being forced upon the market, Mr. Taylor bought it. Mr. William Taylor was married to Jane Wilson, in 1798, by whom he had ten sons and one daughter; four sons and the daughter are living; James Taylor, a man of wealth, has retired from business and lives in the State of Oregon. William Taylor's wife died on the old farm in 1832; he afterward married Jane Hull, who had no children; in his old age, he removed to, Loudonville, where, in 1854, he died; his last wife lived several years after his death. The subject of this sketch, David, married Elizabeth Calhound;

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he and wife have had six sons and four daughters; he owns 356 acres of land ; he has been Land Appraiser twice; has been Commissioner six years.

WILLIAMS, JAMES, minister, Butler. Matthew Williams, father of James Williams, was born near Wellsburg, Va., in 1774: he was of Welsh descent, and a farmer by occupation ; he came to Richland Co. either in the fall of 1811 or the spring of 1812; he was married to Susanna Carr, by whom he had three sons and seven daughters, two sons and three daughters of whom are yet living; on coming to this county, be entered a quarter-section of land in Montgomery Township, near the eastern line; erected a log cabin thereon, into which he moved his family, and proceeded at once to clear and otherwise improve and cultivate his farm; erelong the log cabin was superceded by a hewed-log house, and many other valuable improvements made; he and his family, Thomas Carr and family, John Carr and family, Robert Hewland and family, Daniel Carter and family, and a family by the name of Jerome, lodged together in the fort or blockhouse at Jeromeville for some time during the war of 1812; Jerome was married to an Indian girl ; the village was named for him. Mrs. Williams died at Jeromeville in 1820, and was buried there; Mr. Williams departed this life in 1835, and his remains were deposited near those of his deceased wife. James Williams, their youngest son, was born in Tuscarawas Co. in 1811: he was brought to this county by his parents before he was 1 year old ; he was reared, partially at least, in the woods, and inured from infancy to the hardships of pioneer life ; lie assisted his father in clearing and cultivating his farm, during which time lie received such education as the common schools of that early day afforded. He has been twice married ; the maiden name of his first wife was Eliza Smith; they were married by Rev. Thomas Thompson. In ten months after their marriage his wife died. In two years after the decease of his first wife, its was united in marriage to Miss Vanluah Whitten, daughter of William Whitten, by whom he had eleven children, eight of whom are now living. In 1830, he united with the Methodist Church, and in 1840 commenced the study of theology ; he served in the capacity of a local preacher for several years; in 1860, he entered the regular ministry, and officiated in that capacity from that time till 1876, when he left the Methodist and united with the Lutheran Church; the labors of Father Williams have been extended into many parts of the State, and, as a laborer in his Master's cause, he has met wish fair success. Father and Mother Williams are the parents of eleven children, six sons and five daughters. Their oldest, a daughter, was born in 1837, named Martha A.; she married Levi Gamber; he died in 1875. Their second, a son, was born in 1839, named Thomas W., was a member of the home guards during the late war; he died in 1863. Their third, a son, born in 1840, married in 1862 to Sarah E. Smith, was a member of the national guards in the late war; served at Johnston's Island and near Washington City; now resides in Delta, Fulton Co., Ohio. Their fourth, a son, named Russell S., born in 1843, enlisted in 1861 for three years or during the war; veteranized at the end of second year ; was killed in a charge at Bentonville, N. C., in 1864, while storming the rebel breastworks. Their fifth, a son, born in 1844, named James T. was a member of the 25th O. V. I. in the late war; enlisted in 1861; veteranized at the end of two years; returned home in safety ; was married to Sarah Croxton, and lives in Reed Township, Seneca Co., Ohio. Their sixth, a son, born in 1846, named William B., was a soldier in the late war; enlisted in 1863; was captured by the rebels; was confined in Andersonville Prison eight months and in other places three months; was discharged at the close of the war; returned home, and, in 1865, was married to bliss Lorena Hall; lives in Floyd Co., Iowa; his first wife dying, he was married to Miss Malinda Herring. Their seventh,, a daughter, born in 1848. Their eldest, a daughter, was born in 1837, and was christened Martha A.; she was married to Levi Gamber; she died in 1875. Their second child, a son, was born in 1839, was christened Thomas W.; was a member of the home guards during the late war; he died in 1863. Their third, a son, named Isaac V., born in 1840, was a soldier in the late war-a, member of the national guards.

PLANK, JONATHAN, miller; P. O. Butler. This industrious and energetic man was born in Mifflin Co., Penn., Dec. 4, 1816; his father, Jacob Plank, was born in the same State about 1796 ; was a carpenter by trade, and married Barbara Zook, by whom he had four sons and three daughters ; all are alive and married except one daughter, who has died since her marriage. Jacob Plank came to Ohio and settled near Wooster, Wayne Co., in 1822; he lived here till his death in 1856; his widow lives with one of her sons in the State of Indiana. Jonathan, the eldest son, learned the trade of miller under his uncle, Abraham Plank, in Wayne Co.; served nine years, then worked in various mills in the county till the spring of 1846; then went to Prairie Township, Holmes Co., stayed till the fall of 1856, when he came to Richland Co.; he run the Baird mill till the spring of 1862, then bought half-interest in the Kanaga mill property one mile west of Independence; he owned this till 1869, when he traded for the Pearce farm, east of Independence; owned it eighteen months, then bought the entire interest of the same mill properly back again in 1873 ; he sold a half-interest to his son, E. A. Plank; there are 60 acres of land connected with the mill ; their flour has the highest reputation of any in this part of the county; people often come with their wheat from surrounding counties to have the same converted into flour. Jonathan Plank was married to Lydia King February, 1837 ; the result of this marriage was six daughters and four sons; three sons and one daughter are dead; his wife died in March, 1859 ; was married to Mrs. Teeter, daughter of Samuel G. White, by whom he had two sons; he united in Wayne Co. with the Church of God ; there being none of that denomination near, he joined the Evangelical Association of Independence; he is Trustee and Class leader of the same. Mr. Plank was Township Trustee in Holmes Co.; also served here one term, when he refused to be re-elected, having plenty to see to and no desire to occupy an official position. His son E. A. Plank was in the one hundred-day service during the late war; at present he has charge of the mill.