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BIG SPRING TOWNSHIP.

REV. RUDOLPH ABBREDERIS, Catholic priest, Now Riegel, was born in the old country, September 18, 1850. His parents, John G. and Mary A. (Matt) Abbrederis, were natives of Germany, where they were married and remained until death. They were the parents of five children, of whom our subject is the youngest. After acquiring a classical education in Feldkirch our subject immigrated to Mercer County, Ohio, in January, 1870, and there pursued a theological course in college at Carthagena. After his ordination, August 15, 1873, he took charge of a congregation in Mercer County, and then was transferred to Pulaski County, Ind., thence to Putnam County, Ohio; and finally, in October, 1883, to New Riegel, this county, where he is pastor of St. Peter's Church.

NICHOLAS AREND, farmer, P.O. Berwick, was born in Belgium, November 6, 1814. His parents, Nicholas and Mary A.. Arend, were also natives of Belgium, where they married and lived and died. Our subject married, May 4, 1857, Anna Pethe, who was born in Belgium in November, 1832, daughter of Andrew and Margaret Pethe, of same nativity and who remained in their native land until death. Our subject and wife immigrated to America, coming direct to Big Spring Township, this county, in 1857, where they have remained ever since. They are the parents of eight children, seven now living: Nicholas, John, Anna (wife of Peter M. Reinhart), Dominic, Peter, Mary and Andrew; Nicholas is deceased. Our subject now owns eighty acres of fine land, whereon he and his family reside. They are all faithful members of the Catholic Church at St. Nicholas.

NICHOLAS BAKEIS, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born in Big Spring Township, this county, son of Joseph (a farmer) and Jane (Jenning) Bakeis, natives of Belgium, former born March 7, 1820, latter born May 25, 1825; they were married February 25, 1845, and were the parents of twelve children, six of whom are now living: Joseph, John, Nicholas, Frank, Andrew and Lewis. Joseph Bakeis, the father of this family, died June 5, 1885, aged sixty-five

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years, two months and twenty-nine days. Our subject, along with his brothers. is managing the homestead farm, comprising 152 acres of good land, where the family has resided nearly forty-three years. They are all members of the Catholic Church at St. Nicholas.

JACOB BLACK, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born in Clinton Township, this county, May 3, 1828; son of Jacob and Sarah Black, natives of Maryland, who were married and first settled in the East, thence in 1827 moving to Tiffin, this county, and from there to Wyandot County, Ohio, where Mrs. Black departed this life in 1863; Mr. Black lived among his children until his death which occurred in 1877. Our subject was united in marriage, November 11, 1852, with Elizabeth Miley, born in this county, March 8, 1838, daughter of John and Magdalena Miley, natives of Virginia, who settled in Seneca County, Ohio, about 1828, and here remained until their death, Mr. Miley dying in 1874 and his wife in 1856. Our subject and wife are the parents of four children, of whom two are now living: John H., born September 1, 1853, and Albert F., born September 28, 1862; the deceased are Emma A., wife of Frank Johnson, and an infant. Mr. Black owns 173 acres well improved land. Mrs. Black is a faithful and consistent member of the United Brethren Church.

PETER BRAYTON, farmer, P. O. Carey, Wyandot County, one of the first settlers of Big Spring Township, this county, was born in Crawford (now Wyandot) County, Ohio, February 7, 1825, son of Elijah and Anna (Holebrook) Brayton, natives of Vermont where they were married and lived for a few years thereafter; thence they moved to Fremont, Ohio, in 1814, and from there to Huron County, Ohio, about 1816, and later to Wyandot County where they remained until about 1831, when they came to Big Spring Township, this county, settling on what is known as the Indian Reserve, and here they resided until death, Elijah Brayton dying in 1868, his wife in 1851. Our subject has been twice married, the first time January 1, 1845, to Mary Ogg, born in Wyandot County, Ohio, August 17, 1826, daughter of Kinsey and Eliza Ogg, natives of Ohio (both now deceased), and to this union were born six children, five now living: Josephine, wife of John Foulk; Jesse; Emily J., wife of Joseph Crislip; Lafayette; Tefronia, wife of Maj. C. Bright; Newton is deceased. Jesse has been twice married, first time to Sarah Boucher, by whom he had one son and one daughter, and second time to Lilla Montgomery, who has born him one son and one daughter. Mrs. Brayton died August 1, 1871, deeply mourned by her husband, family and a host of friends; she was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. March 19, 1872, Mr. Brayton was again married, this time to Hannah Little, born in Hancock County, Ohio, October 31, 1838, daughter of Solomon and Rachel Little, former of whom, a native of Virginia, died in July, 1864, latter, born in Harrison County, Ohio is still living. One child, now deceased, was the issue of our subject's last marriage. Mr. Brayton owns 640 acres of good land. He was a member of the Ohio National Guards during the late civil war, enlisting June 29, 1862, in Company C, Forty-ninth Regiment; was detailed for guard duty at Johnson's Island, and received an honorable discharge, August 12, 1862 and returned home. He subsequently provided two substitutes at a cost of $350. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically Mr. Brayton is a stanch Republican.

S. P. BROSEMER, farmer, P. O. New Riegel, was born in Big Spring Township, this county, October 28, 1846, son of Landelin and Elizabeth Brosemer, natives of Baden, where they were married; they immigrated to America about 1832, and here settled on the farm where our subject now

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resides in Big Spring Township; thence they moved to New Riegel and there remained until Mrs. Brosemer's death, May 4, 1881, caused by a team of horses running away. Landelin Brosemer was born September 8, 1803, died July 25, 1885. Our subject was united in marriage, April 9, 1860, with Mary Thiel, born in Seneca County, Ohio, in December, 1851, daughter of Matthias (deceased) and Anna Thiel, and by this union have been born ten children, nine now living: Matthias, Stephen, Charles, Henry, Joseph, Leo, Anna, Otto and Louie A.; Andrew is deceased. Our subject owns eighty acres of good land. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church.

ISAAC W. CLINE, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, June 9, 1837; son of David and Rebecca Cline, the former a native of Fairfield County, Ohio, born April 8, 1812, the latter a native of Virginia, born in February, 1813; after their marriage they first settled in Fairfield County, and from there came to this county, January 16, 1849, where they remained until death. David Cline died March 9, 1880, his widow December 10, 1881. Our subject was united in marriage, December 16, 1860, with Elizabeth Johnson, born in this county May 27, 1837, daughter of Archibald and Catharine Johnson, natives of Pennsylvania, former of whom was killed by lightning in 1845 ; his widow survived him until 1879, when she passed away from earth. Mr. and Mrs. Cline have one daughter, Nettie J., born May 15, 1865. Mr. Cline has been very prosperous since starting out for himself. He learned carpentering of his father,who followed that vocation, and, after working at his trade eleven years, purchased property in Adrian, opened a general store and since 1870 has continued in merchandising. He now owns the old homestead, comprising eighty acres of land in Seneca Township, this county. Mr. Cline has filled the office of trustee three terms, and is now serving his third term as justice of the peace of Big Spring Township. He is a member of the I. O. O. F.

FRANK COLLET, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born in Belgium, November 25, 1826; son of Theodore and Margaret Collet, natives of Belgium, where they lived and died, Our subject immigrated to America in 1853 and arrived at Tiffin, this county, in 1854. He was united in marriage, in 1854, with Victoria Guillam, born in Belgium in 1830, daughter of Nicholas and Mary A. Guillam, who died in Seneca County, Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Collet were born eight children: Josephine (wife of John Windaw), Theodore (married), Laura, Frank, Augusta and John, living, and Josephine and Jacob, deceased. Mrs. Collet departed this life October 30, 1872, leaving her family and a large concourse of friends to mourn her loss. In 1875 Mr. Collet returned to his native land and there married Mary Ballom, born in Belgium November 15, 1844, daughter of Nicholas and Margaret Ballom, the former of whom is still living, the latter deceased. By this union there are five children: Philemean, Nicholas, W William, Joseph and Peter. Mr. Collet owns 120 acres mostly improved land, where he resides. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church at St. Nicholas, in which he has served as one of the trustees for six years.

JOHN H. EWING, carpenter, Adrian, was born in Adams County, Penn., September 6, 1834; son of Anderson and Julia Ewing, natives of Pennsylvania, where they remained until 1840, then moved to Seneca County, Ohio, residing here until Mrs. Ewing's death, which occurred in 1847. Anderson Ewing was subsequently married to Lucretia Crooks, and moved to Wyandot County, Ohio, where he died in 1875, and where his widow still resides. Our subject was united in marriage, June 6, 1861, with Lavenia McCullough, born in Seneca County, Ohio, January 23, 1844, daughter of Mack and Eliza McCullough, who first settled in Seneca County, Ohio, thence moved to Wyandot County, Ohio, where they died. Mr. and Mrs. Ewing are the parents of five children: Alva, Anna,

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Emmet and Omar, living, and an infant, deceased. Our subject owns nice town property; is a carpenter by trade, an occupation he has followed nearly all his life. During the late war of the Rebellion he enlisted in Company D, Forty-ninth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served from 1862 until August., 1865, participating in several serious engagements. He is a F. & A. M., and a member of the I. O. O. F.

WILLIAM H. FOCHT, M. S., M. D., New Riegel, was born in Lehigh County, Penn., January 18, 1858. His parents, James F. and Polly A. Focht, were also natives of Pennsylvania, where they were married and remained until November 10, 1870, when they moved to Seneca County, Ohio, where they have since resided. They are the parents of three children: William H., James D. and Charles E. Our subject, who is the eldest, pursued a scientific course of study at Heidelberg College, Tiffin, Ohio, graduating June 17, 1880. He then read medicine with Dr. A. B. Hovey (now deceased), and, March 1, 1883, graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, at Baltimore, Md, and located March 9, same year, at New Riegel, this county, where he has since been following his profession, having now the best practice of any physician in Big Spring Township. On the 21st of June, 1883, the trustees of Heidelberg College conferred upon him the degree of Master of Science.

THEODORE M. FRINK, retired farmer, P. O. New Riegel, is one of the pioneers of Seneca County, Ohio. and was born in West Springfield, Hampden Co., Mass., November 2, 1804, a son of Luther and Phoebe Frink, also natives of Massachusetts, where they were married and there remained until death. Our subject was united in marriage in his native State, April 25, 1832, with Sabrina Torrey, born in Hampshire County, Mass., July 22, 1808, and to this union were born four children: Ellen, wife of Henry Pepper; Elvira, wife of William Ames; James and Henry. Mrs. Frink departed this life February 3, 1855. Our subject was married on second occasion, July 3, 1862, with Frederica Kopp, born in Wurtemburg, Germany, February 28, 1831, daughter of Jacob and Frederica Kopp, who both died in Wurtemberg, and by this marriage there was born April 3, 1866. one child, Sophia L. Mr. Frink owns eighty acres of fine land, whereon he and his family reside. He filled the office of trustee eight years, and has been one of the justices of the peace of Big Spring Township for thirty-one years. Mrs. Frink is a member of the Lutheran Church.

ALBERT FUCHS, farmer, P. O. Adrian, an enterprising young man, was born in Sandusky City, Ohio, August 3, 1855, his parents being Sebastian and Agatha Fuchs, natives of Baden, Germany. Sebastian Fuchs is from the village of Gindlingen, Baden Co., Old Breisach. Mrs. Agatha Fuchs, former name Agatha Kraus, wife of Sebastian Fuchs, was from the village Eshbach, Baden Co., Staufen. They immigrated to Ohio, settling in Big Spring Township, Seneca County, about 1854, where they remained until the death of Mrs. Fuchs, April 12,1875; Mr. Fuchs now resides with his son Albert. Our subject was united in marriage, June 12, 1877, with Catherine Kin, born in the village Hachy, County D'Etalle, Province de Luxemburg, Belgium, August 28, 1855, daughter of John and Mary Kin, former a resident of Kirby, Wyandot Co., Ohio; latter deceased. To our subject and wife were born four children: Mary L., born June 29, 1878, died August 29, 1878; John S., born October 11,1879; Margarette, born October 30, 1881, and John H., born September 11, 1883. Mr. Fuchs has met with good success, and now owns 120 acres of land, mostly improved, whereon he resides. He and his family are members of the St. Nicholas Catholic Church. Mr. Fuchs is serving on the school board of Big Spring Township.

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REV. JOSEPH P. GLODEN, priest, Berwick, was born January 12, 1842, in Luxemburg, Germany. His parents, Nicholas and Susan (Klein) Gloden, were also natives of Luxemburg, where the former was born in 1817, and the latter in 1815; they were married in their native land and there Mrs. Gloden departed this life in 1861. Nicholas Gloden still resides in Luxemburg. The subject of this sketch acquired a classical education in Europe, came to America and took a theological course at Cleveland, Ohio; was ordained in 1869, by Bishop Rappe, and in 1871 became pastor of the St. Nicholas congregation in Big Spring Township, this county, to whose spiritual wants he has since ministered. His church, now comprising eighty-two families, was organized in 1855, and the church edifice was built in 1856. Father L. Molon was the first pastor, and in the course of time was succeeded by Fathers Bally, Dolwick, Laux, Moos, Magenhann, Burkel and Rev. Joseph P. Gloden.

ANTHONY GOEHR, farmer, P. O. New Riegel, was born in Baden, Germany, January 24, 1835; son of Peter and Mary Goehr, also natives of Baden, where they remained until their death. Our subject immigrated to America, coming direct to Seneca County, Ohio. He was united in marriage, May 24, 1867, with Rosa Bosch, born in Portsmouth, Ohio, in 1850, a daughter of Frank and Catharine Bosch, the former living, the latter deceased. To our subject and wife have been born four children, three of whom are now living: Mary, Joseph and Anna; Sophia is deceased. Mr. Goehr is a stone and brickmason by trade which he worked at in Tiffin and Dayton, Ohio, about six years; then went to California and engaged in mining and dealing in stock; in 1867 he returned to this county and has lived in Big Spring Township ever since. He owns seventy-eight acres of improved land where he resides. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church.

JOHN GRINE, farmer, P. O. Adrian, a respected citizen of Seneca County, was born in Belgium, September 24, 1810; son of Stephen and Elizabeth Grine, also natives of Belgium, where they remained until their death. Our subject was married in the old country, in August, 1833, to Margaret Limbauch, and immigrated to America, locating in this county, on his present farm, in 1847. This union was blessed with five children, four living: Catharine. wife of Peter Welter; Mary, wife of Charles Nolan; Catharine, wife of John Pupenburg; Susan, wife of John Christ; Henry is deceased. Mrs. Grine departed this life in 1849 and our subject then married, in 1851, Mary Shortchen, born in Belgium in 1828, daughter of John. B. and Margaret Shortchen, who both died in Belgium, and to this union were born ten children, nine now living: Katie, wife of Samuel Cariethers; John; Joseph; Margaret, wife of Peter Wagner; Adam; Annie; Nicholas; Henry and Thomas; Peter is deceased. Mrs. Grine died January 27, 1884. Our subject is a weaver by trade, but since coming to America has principally engaged in farming and now owns 101 1/2 acres of improved land where he resides. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church.

JONATHAN A. HAINES, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born in Maryland, January 23, 1828; son of Job and Ann Haines, natives of the East, who came to Seneca Township, this county, about 1840, and remained the balance of their lives; the former died in 1845, the latter in 1857. Our subject was united in marriage, May 29, 1858, with Rachael Young, born in Seneca County, Ohio, September 1, 1835; her parents wore Samuel and Isabella Young, natives of Pennsylvania, who were married in Wayne County, Ohio, where they remained until 1833, at which time they moved to Big Spring Township, this county, and here resided until Mr. Young's death

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which occurred in September, 1859; his widow subsequently married Samuel Hoyt (now deceased); she resides in Adrian, Ohio. To our subject and wife were born six children: Clara E., Anna B., Stella. Frank W., Elsie M. and Alice F. During the war of the Rebellion our subject served 100 days in Company B, One Hundred and Sixtyfourth Regiment Ohio National Guards. Mr. Haines followed his trade, carpentering, for nine years; passed two years in California. Since 1861 he has engaged in farming, and now owns sixty acres improved land on which he and his family reside.

JOSEPH W. HARSH, farmer, P. O. Alvada, was born in Wayne County, Ohio, October 12, 1823, son of Benjamin and Margaret Harsh, natives of Pennsylvania, who settled in Wayne County, Ohio, where they remained until their death. Benjamin Harsh died June 9, 1868; his wife May 6, 1861. Our subject was united in marriage, May 13, 1847 with Elizabeth Titler, born in Wayne County, Ohio, February 3, 1829, daughter of Jacob and Margaret Titler (both deceased). Mr. and Mrs. Harsh came to Big Spring Township, this county, in 1848, and has lived here ever since. They are the parents of three children: Margaret A., wife of William Reynolds; Emily, wife of Nicholas Boley; Eliza J., deceased. Mr. Harsh owns ninety-three acres of good laud where he and his family reside, and 160 acres in Iowa. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. During the late war of the Rebellion he first enlisted in Company F, Forty-ninth Regiment Ohio National Guards, in the spring of 1863, and in the fall of that year the regiment was called out to guard Confederate prisoners at Johnson's Island, op Lake Erie; on May 2, 1864, the regiment was called out to do guard duty around Washington City; then was taken to Cleveland, Ohio, and there mustered into the United States service. There our subject was put, May 2, 1864, into Company C, One Hundred and Sixty-fourth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and from there left for Washington City, and thence marched to Arlington Heights. Company C was stationed at Fort Cochran, and remained there till the 18th of August, 1861; was then taken back to Cleveland, and there discharged. Mr. and Mrs. Harsh are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

JACOB HERBERT, farmer, P. O. Alvada, was born in Bavaria, Germany, August 5, 1828. His parents, Frederick and Margarite Herbert, were also natives of Germany, where they married and lived until the death of the mother April 13, 1849; the father, who was born in 1801, immigrated to America, settling in London Township, this county, in 1861, and here died in 1868. Our subject came to this county in 1854. He was united in marriage, January 15, 1857, with Adaline Schlemmer, born in Seneca Township, this county, July 17, 1838, daughter of Christian and Elizabeth Schlemmer (both deceased), and to this union were born nine children, seven of whom are now living: Matilda C. (wife of Hiram Presler), Margaret E., Frederick, Anna M., Jacob A., Adam R., Lucy A.; Henry and Minnie E. are deceased. Mr. Herbert worked at his trade (carpentering) fourteen years, since when he has been engaged in farming, and now owns 125 acres of land, mostly unproved, where he resides. He and his family are members of the German Reformed Church. Mr. Herbert has been a member of the school board for fourteen years.

CONRAD HERBERT, farmer, P O. Alvada, was born in Germany February 19, 1830, son of Frederick and Margarito Herbert, natives of Germany, where they lived until Mrs. Herbert's death in 1849. Frederick Herbert resided several years in his native land; then immigrated to America, and to London Township, Seneca Co., Ohio, in 1861, where he departed this life May 1, 1868. Our subject was united in marriage, January 11, 1859, with Civillie Fruith,

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also a native of Germany, born January 9, 1840, a daughter of Jacob J. and Civillie Fruith, who were born in the old country, immigrating to America, and locating in Cuyahoga County, near Cleveland, Ohio, where they remained two years; thence came to this county, where Mr. Fruith died April 23, 1873; his widow resides in Loudon Township. Mr. and Mrs. Herbert have had eleven children, nine now living: Susan M. (wife of Nathan A. Hakes), Christena, Katharine (wife of Lewis Siegchrist.), Anna M., John J., Barbara E., Conrad A.. Augusta C. and Lucy A. Edward and an infant are deceased. Mr. Herbert is a carpenter by-trade, an occupation he followed one year after coming to America in 1853. In 1854 he went to California, and after engaging in mining nearly four years returned to this county, where he now owns 170 acres of improved land, and has since been farming. Mr. Herbert has been a member of the school board twelve years. He and his wife are members of the Reformed Church.

FREDERICK W. HERBERT, farmer, P. O. Alvada, was born in Bavaria, Germany, October 25, 1833, son of Fredorick and Margarita Herbert, natives of Germany, and where the latter died April 13, 1849. After his wife's demise, Frederick Herbert came to Ohio about 1861, and died in Loudon Township, this county, May 1., 1868. Our subject immigrated to Loudon Townseip, this county, in 1861, where he met Miss Josephine Schlemmer, who was born in Seneca County, Ohio, January 21, 1844, a daughter of Christian and Elizabeth Schlemmer (both deceased). On the 24th of February, 1870, the ceremony was performed which made our subject and Miss Schlemmer husband and wife, and to this union have been born two children: Sarah E., born October 4, 1872; and Amelia Y., born January 18, 1876. Mr. Herbert is a carpenter by trade, but has been engaged in farming since coming to America, where he has met with good success. He owns fifty-six and a half acres of good land, whereon he and his family reside. Mr. and Mrs. Herbert are members of the German Reformed Church. He served in the regular army- in the mother country from 1854 to 1860.

RANSOM J. HIGGINS, farmer, P. O. Adrian, is a son of John and Joanna Higgins, and was born August 1, 1852, in Wyandot County, Ohio. His father, a native of Maryland, and his mother a native of New York, were united in marriage in Newark, Ohio, whore they first settled; thence moved to Wyandot County, Ohio, in the spring of 1852, from there to this county in 1864, and in 1884 returned to Wyandot County, where they reside at present.. Our subject was married, March 23, 1875, to Olive R. Slaymaker, born in Seneca County, Ohio, July 13, 1851. Her parents, William H. and Mary M. Slaymaker, natives of Pennsylvania, were united in marriage in Seneca County, Ohio, where they have remained ever since. To Mr. and Mrs. Higgins were born two children: Arthur Jay, born November 23, 1877, died August 12, 1878, and Ernest J., born March 9, 1879. Our subject, after marriage, settled on the farm of eighty acres which he still owns, and where he and his family reside.

WILLIAM HIGLI, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born in Wyandot County, Ohio, June 11, 1837. His parents, Jaronimus and Matilda High, natives of Pennsylvania, were married in Medina County, Ohio, and settled in Wyandot County, Ohio, where they remained until death. Jaronimus High departed this life in 1873, his wife in 1862. Our subject was united in marriage, September 6, 1869, with Emily Torrey, born in Wyandot County, Ohio, July 31, 1841, a daughter of Joseph T. and Elizabeth Torrey, the former born in Massachusetts, July 25, 1811, the latter born in New York, April 25, 1810. They were married in Ravenna, Portage Co., Ohio, and settled in Wyandot

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County, Ohio where they remained until Mrs. Torrey's death, March 12, 1884. Mr. Torrey is now a resident of Dayton, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. High have two children: Bessie M., born February 7, 1875, and Isa M., born May 19, 1877. Our subject has followed farming all his life. He served his country during the late war of the Rebellion, in Company A, Fifth M. I., from August 14, 1861, until he was discharged, July 15, 1865. He was in all the engagements of the Army of the Potomac during the Peninsular campaign, and was wounded in his right arm in the battle of the Wilderness.

PAUL HUSS, farmer, P. O. New Riegel, was born in Germany, March 27, 1843, son of Nicholas and Catharine Huss , natives of Germany, where they were married and first settled. In 1846 they immigrated to America, coming direct to Ohio and locating in Seneca County, where they remained until the death of Mrs. Huss , May 5, 1873. Nicholas Huss is now a resident of New Riegel, Ohio. Our subject was united in marriage, January 26, 1869, with Josephine Plenz, born in New Riegel, this county, July 12, 1850. Her parents, Nicholas and Elizabeth Plenz, natives of Germany, immigrated to Big Spring Township, this county, about thirty-six years ago and have lived here ever since. Mr. and Mrs. Huss are the parents of seven children: Joseph N., Philomina C., Loretta M., Henry A., Charlie P., Alfrida M. and Delphina M. Our subject has followed agricultural pursuits nearly all his life, and now owns eighty acres improved land. He is one of the present trustees of Big Spring Township. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church.

WILLIAM JOHNSON, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born in Pennsylvania, October 10, 1814, a son of Archibald and Catharine Johnson, also natives of Pennsylvania, where they were married and first settled. They moved to Medina County, Ohio, and thence to this county in 1820, where they resided until death. Archibald Johnson was killed by lightning in 1845; his widow died September 1, 1879. Our subject was married, February 17, 1845, to Nancy Cline, born iii Lancaster County, Penn., May 8, 1827, daughter of George and Mary Cline, natives of Maryland, who were married in Lancaster County, first settling there; they came to this county about 1836, and here remained the residue of their lives. Mrs. Cline died in 1856, and Mr. Cline in 1861. Our subject and wife are parents of nine children, of whom eight are now living: Rebecca, Isaac, William J., George A., Mary, Jennie, Henry E. and Andrew. Mr. Johnson, who has always been a farmer, owns 113 acres of land mostly improved, also town property. He is one of the old settlers of this county, and has lived an honest, straightforward life.

FRANCIS KALMES, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born in Belgium, November 3, 1822; son of Nicholas and Catharine Kalmes, who departed this life in the old country. Our subject immigrated to Ohio and located in this county in 1846. He was united in marriage, June 27, 1848, with Catharine Jenny, born in Germany in 1828, daughter of Lewis and Margaret Jenny, natives of Europe, who came to Ohio and died in Big Spring Township, this county. Mr. and Mrs. Kalmes are the parents of fourteen children: Joseph, Jane (wife of Jacob Wernement), Lewis F., Frank W., John, Catharine (wife of E. J. Curtis), Felix, Nicholas, Mary E., Anna, Josephine, Lizzie C., Dominick and one deceased, Theresa. Our subject is a carpenter by trade, an occupation he followed several years, but of late has engaged in farming, and now owns ninety acres improved land whereon he and his family reside. Mr. and Mrs. Kalmes and family are members of the Catholic Church.

A. J. KINNEY, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born in New Jersey, April 24, 1807, son of Frederick and Margaref Kinney, natives of New Jersey, where

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they remained until their death. Our subject came to Perry County, Ohio, in 1836, and there resided for seven years; thence moved to Wyandot County, Ohio, and from there to this county where he has since remained. He was united in marriage, in New Jersey, October 18, 1832, with Harriet Smith, a native of that State, born October 22, 1810, daughter of Abraham and Mary Smith, also natives of New Jersey, where they resided until Mrs. Smith's demise, when Mr. Smith moved to Perry County, thence to Wyandot County, and from there to Newark, Ohio, where he died. To our subject and wife have been born ten children, all now married but two: Mary M., Frederick M., Abraham S., Bartley L., Margaret A., Robert C., Philip S., Alma I., Emma and Roxanna. Mr. Kinney is a blacksmith by trade. He was raised on a farm and now owns 120 acres of very fine land. He is a F. & A. M.

CHARLES H. KLEIN, merchant, New Riegel, was born November 7, 1850, in Mansfield, Richland Co., Ohio; son of George and Anna M. Klein, residents of New Riegel, the former born in Baden, Germany, December 6, 1825, the latter in Nassau, Prussia, April 30, 1825. They were united in marriage, in Ohio, January 1, 1850, and to them were born five children: Charles H., John J., Anna C., Jacob A. and Mary. Our subject was married, August 11, 1874, to Rosa T. Werley, born in Columbus, Ohio, September 17, 1855, daughter of Andrew and Catharine W Werley, and by this union there are five children: Albinus, Mary C., Dora, Stella and Bertha. Mr. Klein was reared in Now Riegel, and after starting out for himself first engaged in teaching at Rockport and Monroeville, Ohio, for ten years, since which time he has been merchandising in New Riegel, where he keeps a general stock of dry goods, groceries, boots, shoes, hardware, etc. He is postmaster of New Riegel, and has filled the office of treasurer and clerk of the corporation since March, 1883. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church.

AUSTIN KNOWLTON, P. O. Adrian, one of the pioneer farmers of Big Spring Township, this county, was born in Massachusetts November 15, 1809, son of Timothy and Rhoda Knowlton, of English descent, natives of Massachusetts, where they were married and remained until the former's death in 1823. The family then came to Wyandot County, Ohio, and after residing there some years moved to Big Spring Township, this county, where Mrs. Knowlton died at the age of eighty-six years. Our subject has resided in this county since 1830. He was united in marriage, December 27, 1839, with Louisa McKenzie, by whom he had five children, only one now living, Mark L., born November 1, 1841. Mrs. Knowlton departed this life in September, 1848, and Mr. Knowlton then married, October 11, 1856, Mrs. Sarah E. Swigart, widow of Josiah Swigart, and born in Newark, Ohio, January 19, 1819, daughter of Titen and Elizabeth Henderson, the former deceased, the latter living at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. To our subject and wife were born four children: Richard J., born April 17, 1858, married to Ida S. Gladstone May 8, 1884; Frank Y., born May 7, 1860; Lucy S., born January 5, 1862, and Mary L., born September 26, 1863. In early days Mr. Knowlton served as captain in the militia regiment of which ex-Gov. Fosters father was colonel. He has always engaged in farming, and now owns 160 acres of good land, most of which he has helped to clear. Mrs. Knowlton is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

CATHARINE KRELL, hotel keeper, Adrian, was born in Luxemburg, Germany, December 28, 1832, daughter of John and Susan Herrig, natives of Germany, who immigrated to Seneca County, Ohio, in 1851, settling near Bascom, where they remained until their death. Our subject was united in marriage, September 15, 1857, with J. N. Krell, born in Belgium in 1826, a son

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of Peter Krell, who departed this life in Germany. Mr. and Mrs. J. N. Krell first settled in Tiffin, Ohio, where they remained until 1865, thence moved to Adrian, this county, where the family have since resided. They were the parents of six children, of whom five are now living: Jennie, Kittie, John P., Anna I. and William H., Alphonso is deceased. Mr. Krell, clerked in a dry goods store for several years, then engaged in keeping the hotel which he continued in until his death, which occurred April 3, 1868. the hotel is now managed by his widow and her children. The family are all members of the Catholic Church.

P. JOSEPH LAFONTAINE, farmer, P. O. New Riegel, was born in Belgium September 5, 1825, son of Nicholas and Mary Lafontaine, natives of Belgium, where they married and remained until 1841, when they immigrated to America, coming direct to Seneca County, Ohio, residing in Big Spring Township until their death. Our subject was united in marriage, in 1848, with Elizabeth Wagner, born in Luxemburg, Germany, in 1822, daughter of Michael and Anna Wagner, the former now ninety-four years of age, the latter deceased. Our subject and wife are the parents of six 'children: Nicholas, married to Theresa Repp; Mary, wife of John Loescer; Lizzie; Susan, wife of Bartholomew Kenney; Lena, wife of Peter Mose, and Rose. Mr. Lafontaine owns 200 acres of first-class land. He settled on his present farm in 1849. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church.

JAMES W. LAWHEAD, farmer, P. O Adrian, was born in Franklin County, Penn., January 10, 1822; son of James and Jane Lawhead, also natives of Pennsylvania, where they remained until the former's death, which occurred in 1832. The widow and her five children subsequently accompanied her father to Adams County, Penn., where they remained until the spring of 1845, when our subject, who was then twenty-three years of age, and the eldest of the family, brought his mother, three sisters and one brother to Big Spring Township, this county, and settled on the farm where he and his family now reside. His mother departed this life in .1878. James W. Lawhead was united in marriage, the first time, November 11, 1847, with Maria Frederick, born in Ohio in 1824, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Frederick (both now deceased), and to this union was born one child, William H., married and now residing in Wood County, Ohio. Mrs. Lawhead dying January 1, 1848, Mr. Lawhead then married, November 22, 1850, Catherine Dievly, born in Stark County, Ohio, in 1826, daughter of Henry and Barbara Dievly (both deceased), and by this union are seven children, four of whom are now living: Mary J., Lewis, Sarah E. and Jacob E. Our subject owns 288 acres of improved land, and for a number of years was engaged in buying and selling stock. He served as county coroner one term.

DANIEL LENNER, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born in Stark County, Ohio, March 27, 1835. His parents, Christian and Catherine Lenner, were natives of Bavaria, Germany, where they were married;. they immigrated to New York in 1831, and remained there until the spring of 1832, when they moved to Stark County, Ohio, where they resided until 1837, when they moved to Big Spring Township, this county, and here Mrs. Lenner died November 28, 1876. Christian Leaner has made his home with his son Daniel ever since his wife's death. Christian and Catherine Lenner were the parents of five children, of whom two survive: Daniel and Catherine Miller, the eldest daughter. Our subject was united in marriage, May 10, 1859, with Frances V. Ribley, born in Virginia September 14, 1840, daughter of John and Mary Ribley, natives of France, where they were married; thence they immigrated to America, locating in Baltimore, Md., in 1832; from thence moving to Vir-

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ginia; thence to Sandusky County, Ohio, and from there to Wyandot County, Ohio, where they remained until Mrs. Ribley's death, which occurred March 14, 1877. Mr. Ribley resides with his daughter. Mr. and Mrs. Lenner are the parents of eight children: Alven D., Mary C., Rollin W., Jay, Roscoe, Susan E., Cora B. and Clara A. Mr. Lenner owns 373 acres of land, mostly improved. He is a member of the I. O. O. F.; has served as township appraiser. He is a member of the Reformed Church; his wife of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

JOHN LUZADER, farmer, P. O. Carey, Wyandot County, was born in Ross County, Ohio, October 17, 1814; son of Thomas and Margaret Luzader, natives of Virginia, who were born and married near Grafton; thence they emigrated to Ross County, Ohio, remaining there until their death; the former dying about 1821, the latter in 1823. Our subject moved to Wyandot (then Crawford) County, Ohio, in 1827, thence came to Seneca County in 1833. He was united in marriage, January 10, 1839, with Sarah Latto, born in Pennsylvania, July 20, 1819, daughter of Ephraim and Christiana Latto (both deceased), and to this union were born ten children, of whom seven are now living. Mrs. Luzader departed this life June 9, 1860, and her loss was deeply mourned by her family and a host of friends. Mr. Luzader married, for his second wife, January 1, 1862, Cynthia Dible, born in Big Spring Township, this county, June 10, 1838, daughter of Frederick and Frederica Dible (both deceased), and by her he has one child. Our subject owns 129 acres of land, mostly improved. He has filled the offices of constable and clerk of his township, with credit to himself and to the satisfaction of his constituents.

THOMAS MARKS, saloon keeper, New Riegel, was born in Big Spring Township, this county, April 15, 1856, son of Nicholas and Theresa Marks, natives of Germany, former born in 1809, latter in 1823; they were married in Germany and immigrated to America, coming direct to this county, July 7, 1850, and settling in Big Spring Township, where they have remained ever since. Our subject was united in marriage, June 20, 1883, with Kate Wagner, born in Seneca County, Ohio, September 19, 1859, daughter of Jacob and Mary Wagner, also natives of Germany, coming to America and direct to this county, settling in Big Spring Township, where they reside at present. Our subject and wife are parents of two children: Adeline and Jacob. Mr. Marks was reared on a farm, and in 1882 moved to New Riegel, where he has since been engaged in keeping saloon, and where he owns fine town property. He and his wife belong to the Catholic Church.

JOHN B. MARTZ, farmer, P. O. New Riegel, was born in Belgium, August 31, 1826, son of Henry and Margaret Martz, also natives of Belgium, where they were married and remained until 1846, at which time they embarked for America, coming direct to Big Spring Township, this county, and here resided the residue of their days. Our subject resided here with his father until February 10, 1852, in which year he went to California, working in the gold mountains for two years; after that time he returned to Big Spring Township, Seneca County, and was united in marriage, January 31, 1856, with Elizabeth Martz born in Belgium, July 22, 1834, daughter of Michael and Kate Martz (both deceased). To our subject and wife were born nine children, five now living: Margaret, wife of Jacob Fetzer; Susan, wife of John Wagner; Nicholas, Catharine and Mary; and four deceased; Henry, John, Elizabeth and Michael. Mr. Martz owns eighty acres of fine land where he and his family reside. The family are members of the Catholic Church of St. Boniface.

JOHN MATHIAS, farmer, P. O. Berwick, was born in Big Spring Township, this county, February 3, 1843, a son of Lewis and Clara Mathias,

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natives of Luxemburg, Germany, who immigrated to America in 1840, settling in Big Spring Township, this county, where they remained until their death. Our subject was united in marriage, August 2, 1865, with Rosie Guilliam, born in Big Spring Township, this county, December 25, 1848, daughter of John and Elizabeth Guilliam (both deceased). Mr. and Mrs. Mathias were the parents of twelve children, of whom Clara, Andrew, Nicholas, Lizzie, Joseph, Theresa, Martin, Fronia and Theodore are living, and Adam, Michael and Lizzie are deceased. Our subject is a blacksmith by trade, but for several years has engaged in farming and now owns 130 acres of good land in a state of cultivation. He filled the office of trustee of the township for four years, and was clerk of the school board nine years. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church at Saint Nicholas, of which he is trustee.

NICHOLAS MATHIAS, grocer, New Riegel, was born in Big Spring Township, this county, July 25, 1849, a son of Lewis and Josephine Mathias, natives of Europe, who immigrated to Big Spring Township, this county, and after marriage settling in same township, where they remained until the death of Lewis Mathias, which occurred August 6, 1878; his widow survives him. Our subject was united in marriage, October 17, 1871, with Margaret Nepper, born in Big Spring Township, this county, June 22, 1854, daughter of Felix and Josephine Nepper, and to this union were born six children: Lewis N., Mary J., Rosa M., Elizabeth A., Edward V. and Eleanor M. Mr. Mathias, who was reared on a farm, moved to New Riegel in 1876 ,(where he has nice property), and has since been engaged in merchandising. He keeps a full stock of groceries and provisions and has also a bar attached. He and his wife are members of the Catholic Church..

FELIX NEPPER, farmer, P. O. Berwick, was born in Belgium, November 13, 1815, son of Bernard and Mary J. Nepper, also natives of Belgium, where they lived and died. Our subject was married in Belgium, October 30, 1849, to Josephine Defountain, born March 20, 1820, daughter of Joseph and Margaret Defountain, who departed this life in the old country. Our subject and wife have four children: Charles, born February 7, 1850; Margaret, born June 17, 1854; Victor, born November 25, 1857; Augustus, born October 3, 1859. Mr. Nepper came to this county in 1853. He has been engaged in farming all his life, and now owns eighty-nine acres of improved land in Big Spring Township, whereon he resides. He and all his family are faithful members of the Catholic Church of St. Nicholas.

JOSEPH D. PETERS, farmer, P. O. Alvada, was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, September 16, 1823, a son of Ephraim and Anna (Thompson) Peters, natives of Virginia, where they were married and first settled; thence they moved to Belmont County, Ohio, about 1824, and from there to Jefferson County, and in 1834 moved to Hancock County, where Ephraim Peters died in 1844 ; his widow was subsequently married to John Mullen, a soldier in the late civil war, and who died in the hospital at Nashville, Tenn. ; she resides near the old home farm and was seventy-five years of age August 7, 1884. Our subject was married, September 17, 1848, to Sarah Benham, born in Wyandot County, Ohio, November 11, 1829, a daughter of William and Julia Benham (both deceased). Mr. and Mrs. Peters were the parents of four children, two now living: Josephine, wife of Daniel Shentz, and Melvina J., wife of William Furgerson ; the deceased are William and Sarah J. Mrs. Peters departed this life March 2, 1855, and Mr. Peters was married, on second occasion, November 6, 1855, to Nancy Roller, born in Hancock County, Ohio, April 4, 1837, daughter of Caleb (deceased) and Sarah Roller. To this union have been born nine children, seven now living: Ids M., Charles J., Alma K., Harry

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O., Anna, Ada D. and Mertie E. Emma and Rose are deceased. Mr. Peters and his family settled in Big Spring Township in 1849. He owns 250 acres improved land. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. During the late war of the Rebellion Mr. Peters enlisted, March 8, 1865, in Company E, One Hundred and Ninety-seventh Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered out at Camp Bradford, near Baltimore, Md., August 8, 1865. He is a member of the I. O. O. F.

AUGUSTE PETHE, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born December 28, 1836, in Belgium, where his parents, John B. and Barbara Pethe, were also born and where they married and died. Our subject immigrated to America and settled in Big Spring Township, this county, in 1859. November 13, 1860, he married Apoline Guillaum of same nativity, born June 3, 1831, daughter of Frank and Theresa Guillaum, also natives of Belgium, where they were married; thence they came to America, and in 1853, located in Big Spring Township, this county, where they have since resided. Our subject and wife have had a family of seven children, six now living: Mary, wife of John Schira; Philomena, Victoria, Frank, Joseph and William; Leopold is deceased. Mr. Pethe, who was reared on a farm, has followed agricultural pursuits all his life. He owns fifty-eight and a half acres improved land where be resides. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church at St. Nicholas.

REV. BONIFACE RUSS, C. PP. S., Catholic Priest, New Riegel, was born in Auglaize County, Ohio, November 12, 1855, son of John and Barbara Russ, natives of Bavaria, Germany, where the former was born in 1812, latter in 1815; they immigrated to America, coming direct to Auglaize County, Ohio, where John Russ died in 1872, and his widow still resides. Our subject acquired his education in Carthagena, Mercer Co., Ohio. After his ordination, in 1878, he took charge of a congregation at St. Sebastian, Ohio, and August 24, 1880, he became pastor of the large congregation at New Riegel which was one of the first churches in the county.

ANTHONY SCHALK, farmer, P. O. New Riegel, was born near Fostoria, Seneca Co., Ohio, February 12, 1852, son of Martin and Amelia Schalk, natives of Biron, France, who immigrated to America, and were married and first settled near Fostoria, this county, there remaining until 1858; thence they moved on the farm where our subject now resides, where they lived until the death of Martin Schalk, February 2, 1875; his widow is a resident of Tiffin, Ohio. Our subject was united in marriage, May 11, 1875, with Anna K. Kline, born in Rome, Richland Co., Ohio, October 26, 1855, daughter of George and Anna Al. Kline, now living in New Riegel, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Schalk are the parents of four children,, two living: Mary P., born May 15, 1880; Lewis A., born February 7, 1885, and two deceased: Isabella and Florian J. Mr. Schalk owns ninety-five acres of improved land, where he and his family reside; also has an interest in the Schalk store in New Riegel, Ohio. He and his wife are consistent members of the Catholic Church.

JACOB SCHIFFER, teacher, New Riegel, was born in Bavaria, Germany, September 29, 1839, son of Lawrance and Christena Schiffer, also natives of Bavaria, where they were married, and where Lawrance Schiffer died in 1847. His widow subsequently married John Brown (who died in 1880), and still resides in her native land. Our subject immigrated to America July 1, 1857, first settling in Clarion County, Penn.; from there moved to Seneca County, Ohio, in 1860, where he remained till 1863; thence went to Dearborn County, Ind,, and from there returned to this county, locating in New Riegel in 1867, where he has remained ever since. He was united in marriage, October 18,

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1860, with Theresa Werley, born in Baden, Germany, October 14, 1835, daughter of Francis and Agatha Werley, natives of Baden, where they remained until their death. Mr. and Mrs. Schiffer are the parents of six children, four now living: Mary, Stephen, Julius and Rudolph. Our subject has been a teacher for over twenty-five years, and is organist in the New Riegel church. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church at St. Boniface.

A. C. SCHINDLER, farmer, P. O. New Riegel, is one of the industrious and enterprising young farmers of Big Spring Township, this county, where he was born July 4, 1860, a son of Charles and Ursula Schindler, natives of Baden, Germany. Our subject's father was twice married, the first time in Baden, second time in Seneca County, Ohio, and was the parent of the following children: John, by his first wife; and by his second wife, Mary, wife of Michael Gruss; Agatha, wife of John Klein; Anthony C.; Frances and Elizabeth now living, and Jacob and Frederick deceased. Our subject, with his brother-in-law is managing his father's farm, comprising 200 acres of land in a high state of cultivation. The family are all members of the Catholic Church of St. Boniface.

CHARLES SCHUBERT, farmer, P. O. Alvada, was born in Germany, November 1, 1833, son of Henry and Elizabeth Schubert, natives of Germany who immigrated to America and to Seneca County, Ohio, in 1853, settling in Big Spring Township where they remained about two years; thence moved to Sandusky County, Ohio, and in 1865 returned to this county where Henry Schubert died in 1877, and his widow resides with her son. Our subject was united in marriage, October 27, 1859, with Sarah Krabill, born in Big Spring Township, this county, January 29, 1839, a daughter of David and Jemima Krabill, now residing in Hancock County, Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Schubert have been born seven children: Harriet A. (wife of Jacob M. Wagner), Mary A., Elmer A., Lewis C., Jacob W., Sylvester and Jessie A. Our subject followed his trade, that of a carpenter, eight years; then engaged in farming and now owns 154 acres of land which is improved, and on which is one of the finest residences in Big Spring Township. He is a member of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Schubert is a justice of the peace, an office he has served in for six years; is also township treasurer at present time. .

JOHN M. SMITH, farmer, P. O. New Riegel, was born February 14, 1824, son of Conrad and Elizabeth Smith, natives of Germany, where they married and remained until 1834, then immigrated to America, coming to Seneca County, Ohio, where they resided the balance of their lives; Conrad Smith died in 1880, his wife in 1870. Our subject was married, October 21, 1847, to Catharine Sauter, born in Bavaria, Germany, June 22, 1830, daughter of Philip A. and Barbara Sauter, both of whom died in Seneca County, Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Smith were corn twelve children, nine living: Conrad, Henry C., John W., Frank B., Charles D., Rosella, William H., Albert F. and Edward F., and three deceased: George W., Christens and Anna C. Our subject is a brick and stone mason by trade, but has been engaged in farming since 1843. He owns 200 acres, mostly improved land. He and .his family are members of the Lutheran Church. Mrs. Smith departed this life, January 3, 1872; she was a loving wife, a kind mother, amid her loss was mourned by all who knew her,

WILLIAM SMITH, farmer, P. O. Alvada, was born in the State of New York, February 18, 1815, son of Timothy and Catharine Smith, also natives of New York, who came to Seneca County, Ohio, in 1833 and remained until their death; the former died in 1853, the latter in 1883.Our subject has been

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thrice married; on first occasion to Catharine Boucher, a native of Pennsylvania and daughter of Jacob and Catharine Boucher (both deceased), and by her he had eight children, five now living: Sarah E., John B., Maryette, Jacob W. and Sevilla A. Mrs. Smith died April 7, 1865, and Mr. Smith then married Mrs. Boucher, a widow and a native of Ohio, who departed this life 1867. He was again united in marriage, this time with Annetta McClellan, a native of Williams County, Ohio, born September 2, 1844, daughter of William and Sophia McClellan, and to this union was born one child. Nettie Alvada., after whom was named Alvada, now a thriving village and which was laid out by Mr. Smith on his farm, January 12, 1876. Our subject owns 140 acres of good land and a saw-mill. He was assessor, also trustee for several years; has been owner of four saw-mills, one of which is running at the present time. Mr. Smith also built a grist-mill which he operated twelve years. He was ticket, freight and express agent for six years, also postmaster for six years, and carried on a dry goods and grocery store. He has filled the offices of justice of the peace and constable with credit to himself, and to the satisfaction of the people.

JACOB SPRAW, farmer, P. O. Berwick, was born in Bavaria, Germany, July 25, 1809; son of Adam and Catharine Spraw, natives of Germany who immigrated to America, where they lived and died. Our subject came to Ohio in 1832, and located in Big Spring Township, this county. He was married, August 2, 1843, to Salome Weymer, born in France, September 2, 1823, daughter of Jacob and Salome Weymer, the former of whom died in Wayne County, the latter in Fulton County, Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Spraw have been born ten children, seven now living: Jacob; Catharine, wife of Henry Grunder; Elizabeth wife of Frank Erney; Adam; Rachael, wife of Philip Chrisman; Alary; Ellie C., and three deceased: Sarah, Hattie and an infant. Mr. Spraw owns eighty acres of land, whereon he and h;s family reside. He and his wife are members of the German Reformed Church, and are among the leading families of Seneca County.

HENRY TIELL, farmer, P. O. Alvada, was born in Luxemburg, Germany, November 30, 1819; son of Andrew and Susan Tiell, both natives of Luxemburg, where they were married and remained until their death. Our subject immigrated to America in 1849, locating in Seneca County, Ohio, where he was united in marriage, April 13, 1857, with Catharine Lucius, who was born in Belgium, January 24, 1837. Her parents were Joseph and Catharine Lucius, also natives of Belgium, and who immigrated to America, settling in Seneca County, Ohio, in 1854, and here lived and died. Mr. and Mrs. Tiell have been blessed with twelve children, eight now living: Joseph, Peter, Lewis, John, Michael, Nicholas, Henry and Albert; the deceased are Mary, Catharine, Mary and Martin. Our subject owns 190 acres of land, mostly improved, where he resides. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church at St. Nicholas. Mr. Tiell came to Seneca County, remaining three years, thence went to California and worked in a gold mine for thirteen months, then returned to Seneca County and engaged in farming, in which he has continued ever since.

AUGUST WEINANDY, Adrian, one of the enterprising young teachers of Seneca County, was born in Big Spring Township, this county, September 30, 1861, son of Michael and Philomena Weinandy, former of whom, born in Holland, September 14, 1828, immigrated to America in 1857; latter born in Belgium, September 16, 1839, came to America in 1840. This couple were united in marriage August 30, 1859, in Seneca County, Ohio, and settled in Big Spring Township, where they have ever since remained. They are the

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parents of four children: August, Frank J., John P. and Jacob. Our subject was reared on a farm and acquired his education in the common school and at Heidelberg College, Tiffin, Ohio; he also took a course in the commercial schools of Dayton, Ohio. He is now teaching his first term in the schools of his native township and is meeting with splendid success. He and the rest of the family are faithful members of the Catholic Church.

J. WELLY, farmer, P. O. Alvada, was born in Seneca County, Ohio, October 30, 1846; son of Michael and Theresa (Rinehart) Welly, natives of Germany, who immigrated to Seneca County, Ohio, where they were united in marriage, locating in Big Spring Township and there remained until their death, Michael Welly dying in August, 1860, his widow in 1862. Our subject was married, January 19, 1875, to Miss Helena Nye, born in 1852, daughter of Frederick and Catharine Nye, also natives of Germany, who immigrated to this county and settled in Big Spring Township, where they resided till their death, Mr. Nye dying in August, 1868, and Mrs. Nye in June, 1884. To Mr. and Mrs. Welly were born six children, five now living: Frank S., Frederick J., Catharine, Daniel S. and Susan; Lovina is deceased. Our subject was reared on a.farm and has always followed agricultural pursuits. He now owns 284 acres of land, nearly all of which is improved, and whereon he resides. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church.

ANDREW WERLEY, retired merchant, mayor of New Riegel, was born in Baden, Germany, November 22, 1825; son of Francis Joseph and Agatha Werley, also natives of Baden, where they married, lived and died, former September 23, 1848, latter October 15, same year. Our subject immigrated to America, coming direct to Delaware County, Ohio, June 29, 1846, where he remained for a short time, and then went to Columbus, Ohio. Here he was united in marriage, August 27, 1851, with Catharine Smith, born in Baden, Germany, August 26, 1828, daughter of Philip and Anna Smith. Mr. Smith died in 1853; his wife in 1836. To Mr. and Mrs. W erley were born twelve children, nine living: Rosa, wife of C. H. Klein; Stephen A.; Philomena M.; Clotilda T.; Sophia T.; Victor M.; Loretta E.; Isabella M.; and Seraphene C.; and three deceased: Isabella, Matilda and Albinus. In 1856 our subject, with his family, moved to New Riegel, this county, where they have since resided. Mr. Worley is a clock-maker by trade, and after coming to this country first engaged in peddling clocks; then was employed by the Ohio Tool Company, at Columbus, Ohio. After coming to New Riegel he embarked in merchandising, in which he continued for about twenty years, since when he has engaged in the grain trade to some extent. He filled the office of township treasurer for nineteen years; was the first postmaster of New Riegel, and after the town was incorporated was elected to the office of mayor, a position he is filling at the present time. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church.

MARTIN WETZEL, harness-maker, New Riegel, was born in Baden, Germany, November 11, 1832; son of Jacob and Anna Wetzel, natives of Baden, where they married, lived and died. Our subject came to America and to Huron County, Ohio, in 1855, where he remained a short time; came to Seneca County in 1859, and in 1860 moved to Kansas, thence returned to Seneca County; from here he went to Canada, where he remained until 1862, when he took a trip to Detroit, Mich., and on his return came to this county, locating in Now Riegel, where he has since remained. He was united in marriage, May 21, 1867, with Catharine Gase, born September 29, 1842, daughter of George and Catharine Gase, who are both living. To our subject and wife have been born eight children: Joseph, George, Jacob, John, Charles, Elizabeth, Edward and Anna. Mr. Wetzel has followed the occupation of saddler about

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twenty-eight years. He owns nice property in New Riegel, where he resides, and by industrious habits and economical management has accumulated a competence. He has an enviable reputation for honesty and integrity. He and his family are consistent members of the Catholic Church.

GEORGE WONDER, farmer, P. O. Adrian, was born in Mifflin County, Penn., June l9,1819. His parents, Daniel and Catharine Wonder, were born and married and lived in Pennsylvania until 1823, when they moved to Wayne County, Ohio, and in 1830 moved to Thompson Township, this county, and from there to Wyandot County, where Mrs. Wonder died. Daniel Wonder is now ninety-four years of age, and resides with his son George. Our subject was united in marriage, May 22, 1845, with Nancy Henney, born in Wayne County, Ohio, January 17, 1823, daughter of Adam and Catharine Henney (both deceased). Mr. and Mrs. Wonder are the parents of twelve children, of whom six are now living: Cynthia, Agnes, Emma, Henry E., Hattie and Lucy Y. - Our subject owns 379 acres of good land. He has filled the office of trustee of Crawford Township, Wyandot County. He and his wife are members of the Evangelical Church.

B. G. WULLENSCHNEIDER, hotel keeper, New Riegel, was born in Big Spring Township, this county, January 25, 1845. His parents were John and Elizabeth Wullenschneider, natives of Germany, the former of whom immigrated to Licking County, the latter to Seneca County, Ohio. They were married in Licking County, and settled in Big Spring Township, this county, remaining here until Mr. Wullenschneider's death, which occurred in 1860. His widow is still living. Our subject was united in marriage, in 1871, with Josephine Zender, born in Big Spring Township, this county, and to this union were born three children: Mary, Anna and Ida. Our subject's wife dying in 1876, he then married, November 24, 1879, Theresa Klaus, born in Big Spring Township, this county, October 21, 1860, daughter of Peter (deceased) and Catharine Klaus, and to this marriage were born three children: Joseph, Ellen and Clara `'. Our subject since starting out for himself has engaged in farming and saw-milling, but is now proprietor of the Empire Hotel in New Riegel. He and his wife are members of the Catholic Church.

JOSEPH ZENDER, butcher, New Riegel, was born in Big Spring Township, this county, May 28, 1835, son of Nimrod and Mary Zender, the former a native of Switzerland, the latter of Luxemburg, who immigrated to America after they were married, and located in Big Spring Township, where they remained until their death. Nimrod Zender died January 10, 1866, and his widow October 31, 1876. Our subject was married, October 15, 1872, to Margaret Erford, born in Big Spring Township, this county, January 28, 1852, daughter of Peter and Catharine Erford, residents of that township. This union has been blessed with six children, four living: Peter, Kate M., Lucy L. and Mary E., and two deceased: Frank W. and Theresa S. Our subject was reared on a farm and followed agricultural pursuits until December, 1881, when he moved to New Riegel, where he owns good property, and is engaged in butchering, enjoying a good patronage. He has filled the offices of constable arid marshal of New Riegel with credit to himself and to the satisfaction of his constituents. He and his family are consistent members of the Catholic Church.