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PREFACE. DURING the past few years a marvellous interest has developed in historic research. In the physical world geologists have explored the depths, and astronomers the heights, while archaeologists have revelled in the intermediate fields. Step by step investigation has advanced, sometimes pausing to learn of a plant, and yet again wringing information from a world. An uncouth skull tells its story to the osteologist, a mound to the archaeologist, the bashful rocks to the geologist, and a distant world to the astronomer. Naturalists have found " Books in running brooks ; sermons in stones." Everywhere historic research has been pushing backward and farther backward, until each plant and fossil and rock has been compelled to tell something of the story of its being. This tendency, so manifest in the physical world, is also observable in the world of man. While a fossil is exhuming in the one field, a Troy is unearthing in another, and each is asked for a narrative of its past. While one specialist seeks the development of organized life, another traces the development of organized society. The one went downward through the scale of animal life to find a protoplastic base. The other traced backward through enlightenment, civilization, semi-civilization, and away backward still to find a race type in barbarism. By patient research the student follows the development of man from the individual on through the family, the clan, the community, the State, the nation, and back again to a foundation in the family. The mutation of nations taught the rise and fall of empire, for the ruins of one became the foundations of others. So with rulers, regardless of the power they exercised, or the splendor of their reign, for over the grave of one the sceptre of a successor was uplifted. At this point history became complex, and specialists entered the field to treat of particular races or independent States or nations. Even then classification became necessary to avoid incompleteness on the one hand, or unwieldiness on the other. National history was next treated by periods, until political divisions suggested the local rather than the epochal method. Under this method the Republic furnishes a national history, each division a State history, and, finally, each subdivision a county or local history. This method brought with it pioneer societies, these created a demand for county histories, and the demand in turn gave rise to the publication of local works. This unassuming volume only dares announce itself as an effort to satisfy this home demand. The plan adopted naturally suggested itself, because of its chronological simplicity, and will be found to embrace four general yet distinct departments. 1st. A general Introductory ; Discovery; The Indians ; Indian Treaties ; Indian Tribes ; Titles to Ohio ; Military Expeditions ; Mound Builders; Indian Wars ; Life of Wayne ; Greenville Council; The Shawnees; Prominent Indians. 2d. The Northwest Territory ; Title of Virginia; Ordinance of 1787 ; Population ; Ohio Land Company; Settlement; Officers; Forts ; Moravian Missions ; Friends at Wapakoneta; Post-Offices. 3d. Ohio.—Ratification by States; Constitution; Incidents of 1812; General Harmer ; Stephen Johnston ; John Chapman ; Post-Offices; Counties ; Territorial and State Governors; Statistics of Population and Elections. 4th. Shelby County.—Introductory ; Civil Organization; Political Review; Geology; Soldiers' Record; Official Roster; Sketch of each township, with its towns, schools, industries, and churches, supplemented by many biographical notices of leading men and deceased pioneers. In the presentation of the general matter which antedates the formation. of Shelby County, it has been sought to present only such events as appeared to sustain a close relationship to the county particularly under consideration. With this object in view, it was found necessary to glance back to the period of discovery, in order to trace out something of the chain of causes which brought about the formation and development of this section. In treating of the settlement it was necessary to consider the Indian tribes which held possession of the lands, and to do this rendered necessary at least a hasty glance backward to the discovery of America. In this research almost every step was attended by 'incidental events and characters which dared not be ignored. Each step, too, in search of the Indians revealed the imprints of another race so distinct that if not treated to some extent. it might be confounded with the present race of Indians, and unfounded assumptions obtain. So a chapter is devoted to the mound builders, and this chapter necessitated another devoted to archaeology and osteology. So it has been almost impossible to circumscribe the work, and, at the same time, preserve consecutiveness, relationship, and cause and effect, even if the ideas of completeness and symmetry were completely ignored. The work, therefore, although ostensibly and really a narrative of the principal events which have characterized the formation and development of Shelby County, is necessarily much more comprehensive than its mere title indicates. In fact, it has been no easy matter to determine just what material should be received and what rejected. In purely local affairs, it was difficult to determine upon a satisfactory limit, and even when this iv - PREFACE. was done such material as was generally acceptable required rare scrutiny to separate absolute truth from colored fancy, or absolute exaggeration. The object in view was the presentation of a volume which would do justice to the several features of the community by tracing its growth from the period of its infancy. In doing this we found much more tradition than history. " The memory of the oldest inhabitant" is not always reliable enough to be considered absolute authority. Although every endeavor has been put forth to render the volume complete and reliable, we are conscious that defects and errors will be discovered. Every intelligent reader will appreciate the difficulty of preparing a work of this nature which will prove even approximately perfect, while absolute perfection need neither be demanded nor assumed. Dependent largely upon the memory of the older citizens, in the absence of any historical society's records, it will not appear surprising if every incident of settlement and growth does not find itself recorded in this volume. No pains have been spared in an earnest effort to attain accuracy and completeness. The material has been gathered from every available source, and compiled with a view to the presentation of valuable matter in an attractive manner. Without daring to indulge the belief that this aim has been realized in every feature, it is still hoped the effort will meet the approval of those readers, who, knowing the fallibility of every endeavor, do not demand absolute perfection, especially where it is least to be attained. To such readers the volume is submitted without further comment or apology. In this connection we return our thanks to all those who in any manner assisted in the collection of material, or otherwise contributed to the success of the work. Especially are our thanks due the officers of the county for their many courtesies and the valuable assistance rendered by them throughout the prosecution of the work. Hoping the volume will not prove altogether unworthy of the effort it has cost, it is placed in the homes of the people for whom it was designed, and whose liberality rendered it a possibility. THE PUBLISHER. CONTENTS.

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Preface Introduction Discovery The Indians      Indian Nations      Habits and Implements      Treaties      Tribes of the Upper Ohio Titles to Ohio Early White Men in Ohio Early Military Expeditions Organization of Illinois Co. Western Expeditions The Mound Builders  Archaeology      Bourneville Fortification      Carlisle Fortification      Sacred Enclosures      Newark Works      Mounds      Implements  Osteology  Paleontology:—      Mastodon Giganteus      Mammoth Indian Wars:—      Todd's Defeat      Clarke's Expedition      Harmar's Expedition      St. Clair's Defeat      St. Clair's Life      Wayne's Victory       Wayne's Life (with portrait)      Greenville Council      Surrender of British	iii 1 1 2 6 6 7 11 12 13 13 17 18 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 25 26 29 29 29 30 32 33 38 40 54	Life of Harrison      Life of Colonel Johnston      Life of Stephen Johnston      Life of John Chapman (with portrait)     Post Offices in Northwest Ohio      County Organization      Governors      Statistics      United States Senators      Presidential Elections      Population by Counties Shelby County :—      Introduction      The County      Geology —       Elevation of the County       Topography of the Coty.       The Loramie Reservoir       The Drift       Bedded Stone      Settlement      Permanent Settlement       Indian Murders       Organization       The County Seat       The Survey of Sidney       Public Highways       Education       Religious Institution       Statistics of Wealth       Expenses       Land Entries       Tax Duplicates       Personal Property       Court House and Jail	102 104 105 105 106 108 108 108 110 110 111 113 114 115 115 117 118 119 120 122 122 123 123 125 126 126 127 128 130 130 131 135 135	Biographies Perry Township :—      Trustees' Proceedings      Officers      Justice of the Peace      List of Votes Polled from 1817 to 1825      Early Boundaries      Early Settlement      Pemberton      Churches      Biographies Jackson Township :-      Settlement      List of Officers      Mills      Churches      Montra      Business Interests      Church      Jackson Centre      Churches      Special Land Titles      Biographies Dinsmore Township:—      Settlement      Schools      Churches      Estey Grange      Justice of the Peace      Anna      Incorporation Petition      Business Interests      Bodkins      Churches      Sawmills	184 193 193 196 196 197 197 197 197 198 208 208 209 209 209 209 209 210 210 210 210 217 217 218 218 218 218 218 218 219 220 220
The Shawnees      Prominent Indians Northwest Territory :-      Virginia Title        Ordinance of 1787      Character of Population      Ohio Land Company      First Settlement      Surveys and Grants      Treaties      First Officers     2nd Grade Government      Early Laws      Local Courts      Organization of Counties      Villages and Towns      Officers      Military Expeditions      Legislators      First Council      Early Forts      Moravian Missions     The Friends at Wapakoneta      Post Office Ohio State Constitution Incidents of the War of 1812	55 57 62 63 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 67 67 67 68 68 68 69 69 70 74 82 86 87 90 98	Commissioners' Journal       Treasurer's Report       Treasurer's Report.       Court Proceedings       Early Marriages       Wolf Scalps       Record of Townships       The Infirmary       Political Parties       Statistics       County Officers Orange Township :-      Early Events     Organization     List of Township Officers      Kirkwood      Churches      Biographies Green Township :-      Early Settlement      Streams        Mills        Officers        Schools       Churches        New Palestine       Plattsville	135 144 147 151 157 158 159 160 160 160 162 165 165 166 166 167 167 178 181 181 181 181 182 182 183	Biographies Van Buren Township :      Early Settlement      Organization      Kettlerville      Rumley      Pulaski      Officers      Justice of the Peace Biographies McLean Township :      Organization      Officers       Justice of the Peace      Schools      Berlin      Business Interests      Churches      Biographies Cynthian Township :      Soil      Organization      Settlement      Official Record      North Port      Newport      Cynthian	221 231 231 231 232 232 232 232 232 234 234 236 236 236 237 237 240 246 246 246 246 246 246 246
vi - LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Basinburg      Churches      Biographies Washington Township :      Early Settlement      Officers      Churches      Lockington      Incorporation      Officers      Mills      Biographies Turtle Creek Township :      Streams      Pikes      Settlement      Trustees' Proceedings      Treasurer's Report      Officers      Way-marks      Schools      Churches      Hardin      Early Events      Churches      Mills      Hardin Station      Biographies Loramie Township :      Settlement	248 248 248 251 253 253 253 254 254 254 255 265 265 265 267 267 267 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 271 271 280	Officers      Records      Ear-marks      Justice of the Peace      Schools      Churches      Mills      Houston      Mount Jefferson      North Houston      Russia      Massena      Biographies Franklin Township :      Surface      Churches      Swander's Crossing      Mills      Tile Yards      Woodstock      Officers      Biographies Salem Township :      Location      Settlement      Officers      Port Jefferson      Tileton      North Salem      Schools	282 282 283 283 284 284 284 284 285 285 285 285 285 293 293 294 294 294 294 294 294 303 303 304 304 304 304 304	Churches      Lodges      Biographies Clinton Township      Records      Officers      Sidney      Surveyor's Notes      Buildings      Hotels      Stores      East Sidney      City Officers      Lodges      Churches      Industrial Institutions      Schools      Church Histories      Secret Society      Monumental Building      Public Institutions      Agricultural Society      Business Institutions      Newspapers      Biographies Military Record   Addenda—Constitutional Convention Conclusion	304 305 305 314 316 317 317 317 318 319 319 319 320 321 321 321 323 323 327 329 332 334 336 337 339 362 373 374

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONES
Portrait of General Anthony Wayne Jonathan Chapman. ORANGE TOWNSHIP. Residence of John Hart (with portraits) “ A. Voress (with portraits) " Wm. C. Valentine (with portraits) " J. B. Francis " Noah Rhinehart (with portraits) " Daniel V. Dingman (with portraits) " James M. Caven Portraits of W. B. Lefferson and wife GREEN TOWNSHIP. Residence of S. F. Dorsey " D. Brelsford " and saw-mill of J. P. Hageman " and nursery of W. Branson & Sons " and office of Dr. J. C. Leedom " of I. C. Dorsey. " of P. F. Verdier PERRY TOWNSHIP. Residence of John Valentine (with portraits). " John Key " U. M. Stiles Portraits of George Sturm and wife JACKSON TOWNSHIP. Residence and office of Dr. J. M. Carter (with portraits) Portrait of George Hawver DINSMORE TWP Kah House Residence of Joab Glick “ P. Hunt “ Balser Hagelsberger	38 105 163 163 164 173 173 174 266 297 179 179 180 180 185 185 185 194 194 266 259 207 297 216 216 223 223	Residentce of Mrs. Lucretia Baker Tile Yard of Killian & Ludlum VAN BUREN TOWNSHIP Residence of Phillip Maurer MCLEAN TOWNSHIP St. Michael Church Portrait of Father Wm. Bigot Store and residence of J. H. Lohman Residence of Henry Menke “ and store of Leander Northeis " Dr. W. H. Hopkins " John Brucken " Martin Brucken " Joseph Rieger Store of J. H. Rottinghaus " Jacob ShuleR " B. S. Chester " J. D. Inderrieder " S. H. Quartman " J. H. Wellman Hotel of Joseph Vondrell Residence and store of Joseph Vockes LORAMIE TOWNSHIP. Residence of James Clark " W. W. Ginn " J. W. Akin. " I. S. Cox WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. Residence of J. T. Bailey " H. C. Lenox Portraits of Jacob Rasor and wife Lockington High School	292 223 230 236 and 237 244 247 247 247 247 235 235 235 235 235 235 235 235 235 292 292 230 266 281 281 252 252 259 266	FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP Portraits of George Fridley and wife " Thomas Shaw and wife SALEM TOWNSHIP. G. E. Allinger   Port Jefferson High School S. C. Burton Bailey W. Gilfillen  Glenn Cemetery CLINTON TOWNSHIP Portrait of Judge Hugh Thompson. " Hon. Benjamin LeFever " Maxwell Page. " Wells Page " Gen. James O. Amos " H. S. Ailes " J. S. Laughlin " A. J. Robinson " Hudson Gartley " F. Amann " S. Alex. Leckey " Peter Goffena John Wagner Residence of J. E. Wilkinson  " W. B. Spencer  Tile Yard and residence of Mrs. S. S. Wells  Grocery and residence of C. Wolf  MAP Shelby County	297 259 302 302 309 309 310 324 338 360 351 112 112 112 112 112 335 335 335 335 315 315 315 292 vii