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1000 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY young man, and in point of years is little more than at the beginning of his life of usefulness and service. For the past five years he has been an independent contractor, and has a business that compares favorably in proportion and volume with any of his competitors. Edwin Howard Walker was born in Stark County on a farm near Osnaburg, April 6, 1879. He acquired his early education by attending a country school a mile east of Paris, and lived on the home farm until twenty years of age. In 1899 he went out to Kansas, and at Lyons in that state learned the trade of carpenter. After three years in Kansas he returned to Stark County, and took up the active work of his trade in the City of Canton. In December, 1910, Mr. Walker set up for himself as a contractor, and each year has witnessed an increased volume of contracts successfully performed. Visible evidence of his work is found in many buildings in and about Canton, the more noteworthy of which are mentioned as follows: The Young Men's Catholic Club at Canton ; the Zion Lutheran Church of Canton; the Girls Dormitory at the Fairmont Children 's Home in Alliance. For eight years Mr. Walker was foreman for Charles M. Kilgore, a prominent Canton contractor, and in that capacity had charge of the erection of the George D. Harter Bank Building, the Colonial Apartment Building, the Auction Syndicate Building, the C. M. Vicory Store Building, the Walker Block on West Tuscarawas Street, the Schlabach residence on West Lake Street, and the Doctor DeWitt Building on Shorb Avenue. Mr. Walker was honored with election to the presidency of the Canton Builders Exchange in 1915. He had prior to that been president of the General Contractors Association of Canton. He is also a member of the Chamber of Commerce of Canton, is treasurer of Lodge No. 11, Knights of Pythias, a member of Canton Lodge No. 43, Home Guards of America; and belongs to the Sons of Veterans, his father having been a soldier in the Civil war. Mr. Walker married Estella L. Zinninger, who was born in Paris, Stark County, daughter of Edward A. Zinninger, who is now serving as councilman at large in Canton. To their marriage have been born three children: Paul Edwin, born July 26, 1907; Thelma Evelyn, born May 24, 1909; and Owen Franklin, born August 11, 1911. Both Mr. and Mrs. Walker are active members of the Martin Luther Church, and he has served as superintendent of its Sunday School for seven years and for the past eight years has been secretary of the church board. In politics he belongs to the republican party. JOHN E. CARNAHAN. The eminence of Canton among the industrial centers of Ohio has been due to the preSence there of a group of men possessed of remarkable genius as manufacturers and of fine capabilities as organizers and business builders. Distinctive among these is John E. Carnahan, who probably controls more widely extended financial and business interests than any other resident of Canton, and who as a manufacturer has during the past eighteen years taken a leading part in the upbuilding of the iron, steel and tinplate business at Canton. While it is perhaps true that Mr. Carnahan many years ago got into the current which bore him steadily toward great prosperity he would never PICTURE OF JOHN E. CARNAHAN HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1001 have been able to accomplish all that he has without the courage and resourcefulness of a rare degree, which has enabled him to steer his business ventures with a remarkable precision among the rocks and obstacles of finance and industry. John E. Carnahan was born on the old Carnahan homestead which has now been in the family possession for more than ninety years and is at present owned by him, located near Leechburg, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. His father was John Carnahan. When a boy Mr. Carnahan left school and made himself useful as well as secured a valuable discipline by working on his father's farm. He continued to look after his father's interests until the early '70s, and then bought a farm of his own. His land was underlaid, as it proved, with several veins of coal. In 1895 he began drilling for and found gas. That was the beginning of his extended operations in the oil and gas industry, and eventually from that into the broad field of manufacturing and finance. In 1895 Mr. Carnahan leased thousands of acres of land in Armstrong County, and subsequently located the great Schellhammer gas well, and from that time forward was engaged in drilling and developing gas and oil properties for himself and for different corporations in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. He has large oil holdings in those states, and his operations in those fields still continue. In the meantime Mr. Carnahan had turned his attention to the iron and steel industry. With other parties he was interested in the Mesta machine plant at Homestead, Pennsylvania. Mr. Carnahan in 1897 located in Canton and build a plant in that city, known as The Canton Roll & Machine Co. Thus in 1897 Mr. Carnahan's broad experience and great resources began operating for the welfare of this industrial City of Stark County. The Canton Roll & Machine Company was organized and built its plant. Two years later the business was sold, and Mr. Carnahan entered into an agreement not to engage in the same line of business east of the Rocky Mountains for a period of fifteen years. Shut off from this line of enterprise, in 1899 he organized the Carnahan Tin Plate and Sheet Company, of which he became president and has since continued the chief executive of that large and important industry. This company has had perhaps as prosperous a career of development as any local industry of Canton. The plant has been enlarged from time to time, and it is now one of the most extensive in the Canton industrial district. Its management has likewise been exceedingly successful from the standpoint of dividends. The plant is equipped with six knobling furnaces, with hammers and bar mills to roll the iron into bars, and the product is made under patent processes controlled by the company. The present officers of the company are : John E. Carnahan, president ; Edward Langenbach, vice president ; Roy R. Carnahan, secretary-treasurer; J. H. Himes, general manager, and the following directors: J. E. and Roy R. Carnahan, J. H. Himes, Edward A. Langenbach, J. F. Schneider, Elmer E. Moock and W. J. Poyser. Mr. Carnahan was also the promoter in 1900 and established and became president of the General Stamping and Enameling Company, but has not been active in the management of this concern since 1911. He was one of the organizers of the United Steel Company. Of the 1002 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY latter he was president for several years, until 1912, and is still a large share holder therein and a director. This is by no means an inclusive description of Mr. Carnahan's many and varied interests. He is president of the Carnahan Land & improvement Company of Canton ; is the principal owner of large machine shops at Tulsa, Oklahoma; has large holdings in the oil and gas fields of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Ohio and Oklahoma. His investments have also extended to the southern republic of Mexico, where he is the owner of about 53,000 acres of grazing land in the southern part of the republic, and also has mines in the northern states. The long continued revolutionary troubles in Mexico have naturally hazarded these investments. During the early months of the revolution Mr. Carnahan had a herd of 2,700 cattle on his cattle ranch, and when the United States Government took possession of Vera Cruz President Huerta confiscated the cattle, and though a pretense of returning the stock was made five months later, at least half the herd was missing. Mr. Carnahan now has pending a claim against the Mexican government. Besides these great properties he owns three fine farms in his native State of Pennsylvania. Mr. Carnahan married Miss May Thomas of Cochran's Mills. Armstrong, Pennsylvania. They have been well honored by the character and achievements of their children. The oldest child, Roy R., has already been mentioned as secretary-treasurer of the Carnahan Tin Plate and Sheet Mill Company. Mrs. William Schoemaker, the second child, resides at Canton. Beatrice Pearl is the wife of William Gschwend, a well known Canton business man. Madge married Rufus Day, an attorney at Washington, D. C., and a son of Judge W. R. Day, associate justice of the United States Supreme Court. Mabel, deceased, was the wife of John H. Mimes, general manager of the Carnahan Tin Plate & Sheet Mill Company. The daughter Millie is still at home. Mr. Carnahan stands high in social as well as in business circles. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and also a Knight Templar, and belongs to the Congress Lake and the Lakeside Country Club at Canton. HENRY M. SHUTT. Now head of the English department and advisor to the senior class of Central High School at Canton, Henry M. Shutt is one of the best known educators in Northeastern Ohio, has been connected with the Canton public schools for ten years, and in many relations from teacher of a district school to village and city principal has been in the active work of his profession for a quarter of a century. Henry M. Shutt was born on a farm in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, February 14, 1865. His parents were the Rev. Michael H. and Sarah (Berger) Shutt. Both were natives of Holmes County, Ohio, where the Shutt and Berger families were among the pioneer settlers. The pioneers of these respective families came, the Shutts from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and the Bergers from Maryland, both locating in Holmes County about the same time. Rev. Michael Shutt was born in 1838, and was a son of Henry Shutt, who came into Holmes County at a very early day. He took up Government land, and the deed to his homestead was signed by President Madison, so that that title is now more than 100 years old. His first home was in the midst of the wilder- HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1003 ness, and after enduring the trials of pioneer life he finally became possessed of one of the good farms and comfortable homes in that section. Rev. Michael Shutt after his marriage removed to Tuscarawas County, followed farming there, and for about thirty years was a minister of the Church of the Brethren. His death occurred in 1911. His wife was born in 1841 and died in 1906. Her father was Jacob G. Berger. Henry M. Shutt spent his youth in the wholesome environment of a farm in Tuscarawas County, and at' the same time disciplined his mind in the country schools. On reaching his seventeenth year he was qualified by the local examiners and soon was given charge of a country school as teacher. He had about three years experience in country school work, following which he was principal of different village schools in Tuscarawas and Holmes counties, the teaching in the winter being followed by school attendance to advance his own education during the summer. From those early years of his work Mr. Shutt has never failed either to attend or to teach during the summer months for a period of practically a quarter of a century. In this way he has acquired a liberal education, and one that means more than the completion of a college course pursued consecutively. In 1896 Mr. Shutt was graduated from Scio College, an institution subsequently merged with Mount Union College. At that time he received his degree A. B. and in 1904 won the degree Bachelor of Philosophy from the Ohio Northwestern University. For four years he was one of the instructors in Seio College, and following his postgraduate work in the Ohio Northwestern in 1904 became Professor of English and Latin at Canfield Academy. In 1905 Mr. Shutt came to Canton to accept the principalship of the East Eighth Street graded school. He was one year in that position and in 1906 was transferred to the Central High School. Mr. Shutt is well known in the organized associations of teachers, being a member of the Northeastern Ohio Teachers Association, the Ohio State Teachers Association, and the National Educational Association. Mr. Shutt married Margaret Stephan, who was born in Tusearawas County, daughter of Philip Stephan, a native of Germany. To this union have been born the following children : Edward, who died at the age of six months; Charles Noble, now a student at Wooster University in the class of 1915; Constance Corinne, who died at the age of eleven years; Twila Elizabeth ; and Margaret Ruth. GEORGE H. SHALT. The highest form of ability consists not in doing well what another has done well before, but in originating new and useful ideas. Originality is the mainspring of progress and without it there can be no true advancement. To improve on old and established methods requires a higher order of mind than that possessed by the mere copyist, and hence the record of George H. Schauf, clerk of the Board of Deputy State Supervisors and Inspectors of Elections for Stark County, Ohio, is well worthy of perusal by the readers of this volume. Mr. Schauf was born in Massillon. Ohio, in which place he still resides, on September 3, 1869, his parents being Peter and Mary (Miller) Shauf. The father was born in Germany in 1833 and came 1004 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY to the United States with his parents about 1845, when twelve years old. The family made its first settlement in Pennsylvania, but later removed to Limaville, Stark County, and still later to Massillon, where Peter Shauf died in 1885. He was a cabinet maker by trade, an industrious, persevering man and good citizen. His wife, Mrs. Mary Miller Shauf, was born in Belfort, France, in 1832, and was about fourteen years of age when she came to this country. She resided for a time in Louisville, Stark County, and next in Massillon, where she was married to Mr. Shauf. Her death took place February 19, 1908. George H. Shauf was reared to manhood in Massillon, his native place. The education he received in the public schools was supplemented by a course in a business college, where he learned many things that have been of use to him in later life. As a boy he learned his father's trade of cabinet maker, which he followed for about ten years or more. In the year 1900 he became a member of the board of which he is now clerk, serving as such until 1904, when he was elected as its clerk, in which position he has since continued, being now one of the oldest election clerks, in point of service, in the state. His record in this office is one of exceptional achievement and he is widely recognized as an authority on election matters. He has installed in the Stark County Board's office a most complete and original system of his own, which is highly regarded as of admirable utility. The state examiner's report says: "The clerk, Mr. George H. Shauf, takes a deep interest in all details connected with the management of the affairs of the board and has established a system which is not surpassed in the state. He has introduced a record showing classified expenditures of the board, which will prove very valuable and will greatly aid the examiner in the future in making an effective audit of the same." Mr. Shauf was called into the session of the Eighty-first General Assembly of Ohio to aid and advise in the election measures then pending. and his services in this capacity also were highly appreciated. Mr. Shauf married Mrs. Louise Bullock, a native of Massillon. Ohio. He is a member of Massillon Lodge of Elks and he and his wife are among the best known and most highly esteemed residents of that city. ELI H. HARDENSTEIN. City parks primarily intended to furnish the greatest practicable means for healthful recreation for people of all classes, and their value to the inhabitants of a city cannot be overestimated ; but they have also proved marked successes as investments which yield a direct revenue in the form of taxable property in their vicinity. The presence of broad areas of lawn. forest and water in the midst of a city exert a powerful and constant influence in preserving the purity of the atmosphere, and the modern city park may well be designated the municipality's open-air assembly room, prized by all its children, old and young. The fact that the City of Canton may point with pride to its park system may be accredited directly to the earnest and devoted efforts of Eli H. Hardenstein, superintendent of city parks, whose labors have resulted in an achievement that will be a lasting monument to his energy. enterprise and artistic judgment. Mr. Hardenstein was born at Limaville, Lexington Township. Stark HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1005 County, Ohio, August 16, 1858, and is a son of George Hardenstein, who was born on the River Rhine, Bavaria, Germany. George Hardenstein was one of five brothers who emigrated to the United StateS in 1820, settling at Limaville, in Stark County, as pioneers, all becoming farmers in that corner of the county. The father continued to be engaged in farming operations there throughout his life, and passed away in 1892, at the age of sixty-six years. The mother was Elizabeth Conrad, who was born at North Benton, Mahoning County, Ohio, and who passed away in 1892, when sixty-one years old. They were faithful members of the German Reformed Church. Eli H. Hardenstein was born in a log cabin on his father's farm, and grew up amid the atmosphere of the farm, his education being secured in the public schools. He was sixteen years of age when he left the parental roof and came to Canton, in 1876, and during the first summer here worked on a farm just east of the city. In the following winter he entered the employ of the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad, and for twenty-one years was with that system, being first a fireman for fourteen months and then promoted to engineer, a capacity in which he continued until an accident which impaired the sight in one of his eyes compelled him to give up railroad work. In 1900 Mr. Hardenstein went to Atwater, Portage County, Ohio, where he purchased a farm, and resided there for six years, but in 1907 returned to Canton and took a position as engineer for the United Steel Company. After six months he resigned that position and took charge of several machines for the B.erger Manufacturing Company, continuing to be identified with that concern until 1909, when he was appointed by Mayor Turnbull as superintendent of city parks, an offIce which he has held ever since. Under Mr. Hardenstein's supervision the present park system has been evolved, special care having been taken to utilize the natural advantages which the city possesses. The result is seen in a beautiful diversity of lakes and trees, shrubbery and floral displays, broad drives and secluded walks. Particular attention has been given to the leading park, Nimissilla Park, which has received judicious care and cultivation, and on the improvement and maintenance of which a considerable sum has been advantageously expended. The children 's playgrounds have not been neglected, and through all of Mr. Hardenstein's labors may be seen an earnest effort to secure the greatest results with the means at hand. For sixteen years, during the early days, Mr. Hardenstein served as a member of the famous volunteer fire department. He first joined old Buckeye No. 8 Company, with which he was connected for seven years, and then served as minute man with old Number Two, his duty being to operate the engine. He attended nearly all of the early fires of Canton, and was always a courageous and efficient fireman. In 1888 he became a Mason when he joined Canton Lodge No. 66, Free and Accepted Masons, and he is now identified with Canton Chapter and Canton Commandery. For twenty-six years he has been a member of the Junior Order of American Mechanics, also fraternizes with the Modern Woodmen of America. and for fourteen years was chief of Buckeye Division No. 231. of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, being now an honorary life member of that organization. 1006 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY In 1880 Mr. Hardenstein was married at Louisville, Ohio, to Mary Coy, sister of ex-Mayor Coy of Louisville. She died in 1889. Mr. Hardenstein's second marriage occurred in 1891, when he was united with Clara Anna Mezger, who was born at Canton, daughter of Jonathanl and Emeline (Miller) Mezger, of that city. One daughter has come to this union : Miss Ida May, who is eighteen years of age. Mr. Hardenstein is a Christian Scientist. HON. JOHN H. FIMPLE. The City of Canton, the greatest field for professional services in Stark County and one of the greatest in the State of Ohio, has no lawyer of nobler distinction, no stronger example of what enterprise, perseverance and steady application can achieve, than Judge John H. Fimple, lawyer, legislator and jurist, his honorable conduct in each and every position in which he has found himself and the display of abilities of a high order in various positions of public trust, have gained him the confidence and unqualified commendation of the profession and public alike. Judge Fimple was born on the home farm in Augusta Township, Carroll County, Ohio, March 31, 1859, and is a son of David and Hanna (Dumbleton) Fimple. His father was a native of Washington County, Pennsylvania, and a son of Michael Fimple, a pioneer of Carroll County, as was also Judge Fimple's maternal grandfather, John Dumbleton, a native of England. Judge Fimple enjoyed a broad and comprehensive training for his chosen profession, attending the district schools, the graded schools of Minerva, Ohio Northwestern University and Mount Union College, and graduated from the last named institution in 1882, with honors, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He then read law in the office of Judge Robert Raley, of Carrollton, and was admitted to the bar in 1886, beginning practice in that year at Carrollton, where he subsequently became junior member of the law firm of Raley & Fimple, being associated with his preceptor. This partnership terminated when the senior member of the firm was elevated to the bench of the Court of Common Pleas, and Judge Fimple was later associated with such distinguished lawyers and jurists as Judges James Holder, U. C. DeFord, R. E. McDonald and H. J. Eckley. In 1885 Judge Fimple was elected a member of the Ohio Legislature, to which body he was re-elected in 1887. In 1889 he was appointed law clerk in the department of the interior at Washington, D. C., and served as such during the Harrison administration. During the administration of President McKinley, he held a position as assistant attorney in the office of the assistant attorney-general for the department of the interior, and in 1903 was appointed assistant United States land commissioner. While filling that position he was actively identified with, and rendered valuable assistance in, the prosecution of the Western land fraud cases. He resigned from the land office in 1906 to return to the private practice of law at Carrollton. Judge Fimple was elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas of the Stark, Carroll and Columbiana District, in 1910, and held that position until May 7, 1915, when he resigned from the bench to accept a partnership in the firm of Lynch, Day & Fimple, which concern is HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1007 recognized as one of the strongest legal combinations in Ohio. He is a member of the Stark County Bar Association and the Ohio State Bar Association, and among his professional brethren his success has aroused no jealousy, for what he has achieved has been the result of hard work, inherent talent, continual and unwearying application, thorough conscientiousness and unquestionable integrity under all circumstances. He is a Knight Templar and Shriner Mason, a member of the Knights of Pythias and belongs to the Canton and Lakeside Country clubs. In business circles he is also well known, having been one of the organizers of the Carroll County Telephone Company and the Cumming Trust Company of Carrollton. Judge Fimple was married in December, 1888, to Miss Ida J. Patterson, of Pattersonville, Ohio. She died in 1894, leaving two daughters, Marie and Bess. JUDGE JACOB P. FAWCETT. While his life was largely one of simple devotion to duty, whether in his profession or in public office, there were many qualities that made the late Judge Jacob P. Fawcett one of Canton's most prominent attorneys and public men. He was an active lawyer in this county for nearly forty years, and for fully a quarter of a century his name was closely identified with the history of his city and county. Born in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, January 2, 1851, he was descended from two old Pennsylvania families, the Fawcetts and the Pennypackers. His father, Andrew Fawcett, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1806 and died in that state in 1860, married Elizabeth Pennypacker, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1820. After the death of her husband the widowed mother brought her family to Stark County, and lived at Mount Union until her death in 1901. Partly through his own efforts and earnings the late Judge Fawcett acquired a liberal education and was always known as a man of thorough scholarship as well as of practical ability. He was graduated bachelor of science with the class of 1871 from Mount Union College, and as a preliminary to his entrance into the law he taught school two years and at the same time carried on his law studies. Admitted to the bar in 1874, he began practice at Alliance, but in 1877 removed to Canton and soon became one of the foremost members of the bar of that city and was so recognized for many years. Almost from the beginning of his professional career until his death Judge Fawcett was prominent in public affairs. In 1876 he served as mayor of Mount Union; from 1883 to 1886 he was a member of the city council of Canton and president of that body in 1886. In 1886 Governor Foraker appointed him probate judge of Stark County, and he was regularly elected to that office in 1887 and re-elected in 1890. The Court of Common Pleas in 1894 appointed him a member of the tax commission for the City of Canton, with which he served six years. Each and every office meant to him an opportunity for service, and he was one of the most conscientious and efficient public officials Canton has ever had in any capacity. In 1901 he was appointed a member of the board of directors of the Stark County Workhouse, and at its first 1008 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY meeting the board made him president. For six years Judge Fawcett was attorney for the Ohio Dairy and Food Department for the Eighteenth Congressional District. In 1903 Mayor Smith appointed him a member of the board of public safety for the City of Canton. He was always active in the interests of the republican party. For two years he was a member of the Republican State Central Committee, for three years was chairman of the Republican Central Committee of Stark County, for fifteen years was a member of the Executive Committee, and for four years was on the Republican Congressional Committee. He stood high socially, was a member and for two years president of the Congress Lake Club, and was affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. When still in the prime of his years and usefulness, Judge Fawcett was summoned away by death on August 4, 1912. At a called meeting the following resolutions to his memory were adopted by the Stark County Bar Association : "His life and his deeds should be an inspiration not only to young men practicing this profession, but to those with whom he came in contact and to those who live to mourn his loss. "He was a devoted husband, a kind father, a high type of citizen, an able lawyer, a ,just judge, a splendid man, and in every respect a perfect gentleman. "His kindly spirit, his wise counsel, his uniform kindness, his marked legal ability, make his death a great loss to the bar, to the court and to the community. "Be it therefore resolved, by the members ofthe bar of Stark county, that in the death of Judge Fawcett we have suffered an irreparable loss; that his career is an example of honesty, integrity and ability to be emulated, and his memory ever to be cherished by the bar." On February 6, 1877, Judge Fawcett married Miss Jennie M., daughter of the late Hon. John H. Mitchell, United States senator from Oregon. Mrs. Fawcett and four children survive him. Mattie E., the oldest child. is the wife of Albert Prickman, who has ,charge of the order and service department in the Republic Stamping & Enameling Company ; Howard B., the oldest son, mentioned in the following paragraph ; Ralph M., who is assistant sales manager of the Republic Stamping & Enameling Company, and John A., assistant manager of the Federal Garment Company at Canton. Howard B. Fawcett, son of the late Judge Fawcett, was born in Canton, July 2. 1883. He graduated from the Canton High School with the class of 1901, but had already gained his first business experience in connection with the Carnahan Stamping & Enameling Company. With that large local industry he made himself worthy of one responsibility after another until he was assistant superintendent of the enameling department. When the Republic Stamping & Enameling Company was organized in Canton. he went with that concern as its secretary, and has continued there the growth which made him so useful to the Carnahan concern. In this, now the largest stamping and en- PICTURE OF ARTHUR NICKLE BOYER HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1009 ameling company in the world, he is serving as secretary and sales manager and a director. Like his father he takes much interest in local affairs, is a director in the Y. M. C. A. and a member of the public library board, belongs to the Canton Chamber of Commerce, and socially is identified with the Canton Club, the Congress Lake Club, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. Howard B. Fawcett married Enid Wise, daughter of the late Hiram Wise, a prominent old resident of Canton. Their two children are named Richard R. and Howard B., Jr. ARTHUR NICKLE ( THOMPSON) BOYER. The proprietor and manager of the Hotel Edwards and of the Stag Hotel of Canton, Mr. Boyer has spent most of his active career in hotel management and is one of the most popular and best known hotel men in the State of Ohio. The traveling public have been familiar with his genial face and his pleasant manners in many hotels in this part of the country, and since he entered the field of independent management has been the chief factor in making the Edwards and the Stag hotels the best of their class in Stark County. Arthur Nickle Boyer was born in the City of Canton September 13, 1878. His parents were Howard M. and Irene (Nickle) Thompson. His mother died when he was an infant and he was then reared in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Martin Boyer. He has honored his foster parents by using their name, and it as Mr. Boyer that he is everywhere known and that is his business signature. His foster parents lived at Osnaburg, and there he was reared and attended the district schools. At the age of eighteen he came to Canton and was employed as bell boy at the Barnett Hotel. During the following eighteen months he progressed from bell boy to chief clerk of the Barnett. When the McKinley Hotel was opened as the leading hostelry of the city, he resigned his position at the Barnett to accept the place of chief clerk at the McKinley in 1901. His position at the McKinley made him familiar to the traveling public and he remained there until 1905, and then resigned to go to the Hotel Rider at Cambridge Springs, Pennsylvania, as an office superintendent. After the summer season there, he became chief clerk of the Van Hof Hotel at Mansfield, Ohio, was there about eight months and then returned to his old home at Canton and accepted the place of clerk at the Courtland Hotel. In 1911 Mr. Boyer gave up work as clerk and office manager and opened the Stag Hotel on Fourth and Court streets, opposite the Auditorium. This is the first stag hotel opened in Canton, and has been a most profitable enterprise and thoroughly successful from every point of view. The Stag has fifty rooms, all of which were refurnished by Mr. Boyer, and among the features of its equipment are Turkish baths, cafe and barber shop and all accommodations usually offered by stag hotels in the larger cities. It was his success as manager of the Stag Hotel that enabled Mr. Boyer to secure the lease of the Edwards Hotel at the corner of Fourth and Market streets. The Edwards is one of the oldest and best known hotels in Canton. Before reopening it he had the entire place renovated and refurnished and it has since been operated as a first-class European hotel. It contains eighty 1010 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY rooms and under his management the Edwards has been crowded every night and its popularity is still growing. Mr. Boyer is an active member of the Canton Chamber of Commerce and one of the highly esteemed citizens of Stark County. On February 3, 1901, he married Miss Cora Phillips of Saginaw, Michigan. They have one son, Jack Carl, who was born October 27, 1904. WILLIAM E. N. HEMPERLY. It has been a busy and fruitful career that Mr. Hemperly has enjoyed in the practice of law at Massillon during the last twenty years. While his range of practice is not confined to any particular field, he has been especially identified with business organizations and as counsel for business interests. He is one of the big factors in civic affairs at Massillon, and his family has played a useful part in Stark County for a great many years. The birthplace of this Massillon attorney was at West Brookfield, near Massillon, where he was born October 10, 1870, son of Daniel and Louisa M. (Hamilton) Hemperly. Daniel Hemperly, now one of Massillon's oldest and best esteemed citizens, was born in Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, June 1, 1830, a son of David and Mary (Houck) Hem perly, both of whom were descended from German stock. Daniel Hem. perly came to Stark County as early as 1846, locating in Tuscarawas Township, where he learned the trade of blacksmith. In 1850, still only a youth of twenty, he went out to the western goldfields of California, spending two and a half years in the mines, and with all the excitement and incidents of pioneer times in California. Returning in 1853 to Stark County, he set up a blacksmith shop at West Brookfield, and made that the basis of a substantial career until 1875. In that year he became identified with the hardware business at Massillon under the firm name of Brown & Hemperly, but continued to make his home in West Brookfield until 1884. In 1881 the firm became Hemperly & Jacobs. About 1900 Frank L. Hemperly, a son of Daniel, bought the interest of Mr. Jacobs, and since then the Massillon business has been known as Hemperly & Son, and the Hemperly Hardware Company, one of the largest hardware concerns in Stark County. However, the senior member, Daniel Hemperly, is now retired from active responsibilities and is enjoying a well earned leisure in his Massillon home. During Civil war times he played an active part in Tuscarawas Township, served as a captain of militia, and did strenuous work in keeping the township's quota of soldiers filled throughout the war. On January 25, 1855, Daniel Hemperly married Miss Louisa M. Hamilton. She was born in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, daughter of Rev. John Hamilton, who came to Stark County in 1843, and was one of the first ministers of the English Lutheran Cburch to locate at Canton. Daniel Hemperly and wife have probably enjoyed a married companionship prolonged to a greater length than any other couple in Stark County. On January 25, 1915, they celebrated their sixtieth wedding anniversary, in the midst of children and grandchildren and a host of kindly friends, and the occasion was one of general note all over Stark County. William Edward Noyes Hemperly was born on election day and HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1011 named for the late President William McKinley, then a candidate for prosecuting attorney and for the late Edward Noyes elected governor of Ohio on the date of the subject's birth. He grew up in a home of liberal advantages, but from early youth has made excellent use of all his opportunities. As a boy he attended the public schools at West Brookfield, the Massillon High School, was a student from 1887 to 1889 in the Western Reserve Academy at Hudson, and stood at the head of his classes in the academy. He was a student in Adelbert College, now the Western Reserve University, from 1889 until he graduated A. B. in 1893. During 1893-94 he was a student of law in the offices of R. W. McCaughey at Massillon. Then attended the New York Law School in New York City during 1894-95, and was again in McCaughey's law office during 1895-96. In June, 1896, he was admitted to the bar, and at once began practice in Massillon. From 1900 to 1906 he was senior member of the firm of Hemperly & Howells, his junior associate being George A. Howells. Since 1906 Mr. Hemperly has practiced alone. He is a member of the Stark County Bar Association, and has been very active for the past few years in civic affairs. He was one of the organizers and had charge of the legal details in the organization in 1915 of the Massillon Chamber of Commerce. He has assisted in organizing many of Massillon's industries and has done much to bring new industries from other cities to this Stark County center of trade and industry. Mr. Hemperly is treasurer of St. Timothy Episcopal Church at Massillon ; is a member of the Massillon Chamber of Commerce ; belongs to the Massillon Social Club, to the Massillon Commandery No. 4, Knights Templar, and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Cleveland. GEORGE GIBSON MCCLASKEY. On the re-election of Mayor Stalberg as mayor of Canton in 1915, one of the most important tasks confronting the mayor was to fill the 'vacancy created by the resignation of the former director of public service. Mayor Stalberg made a very careful and thorough search for just the right man for the position, and after examination over a considerable field he selected as his first choice George G. McClaskey, who in the mayor's opinion possessed all the requisite qualifications and experience. On January 1, 1916, Mr. McClaskey was appointed and began his duties as director of public service. He has had a wide experience as a civil and constructive engineer, covering the last fifteen years, and this combined with his thorough technical ability enabled him to enter upon his new duties with a promise of great good to the municipality. George Gibson McClaskey was born in the City of Wheeling, West Virginia, July 9, 1880. He is of Scotch ancestry. His father, the late Alvin McClaskey, was a successful newspaper man at Wheeling and for many years was connected with the leading newspaper of that city, the Wheeling Register. Alvin McClaskey married Mary Virginia Murry, who is still living in Wheeling. Growing up as a boy in the Ohio River city of his birth, George G. McClaskey attended the public schools and was also a student in the noted Lindsey Institute of Wheeling. From there he entered the 1012 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY University of Pennsylvania, in the technical department, and after a thorough course was graduated with the degree of civil engineer in the class of 1900. His engineering career began in railroad work with the C. L. and W. Railway. He was in the service of the Federal Government during the construction of Lock No. 3 on the Ohio River. For a time at Chicago he was employed by the Bates & Rogers Construction Company, and was next with the engineering department of the Pennsylvania line for about a year and subsequently joined the engineering forces of the Carolina, Clinchfield & Ohio Railway in the South. Returning North he was on the engineering staff of the Pittsburg Coal Company, his specific work being in connection with the Montour Railway, which is a property of the above named corporation. Mr. McClaskey has resided at Canton since December, 1, 1914. He came to the city to take a place with the Carnahan Tin Plate & Sheet Company, and he resigned his position there to accept his present place in the city government. Mr. McClaskey is a member of the Society of Engineers of Pennsylvania and fraternally belongs to the Knights of Pythias. He married Miss Minnie F. Maskrey, daughter of A. J. Maskrey, who is general superintendent of the Carnahan Tin Plate & Sheet Company. Mr. and Mrs. McClaskey have one son, George A., now seven years of age. ROSS RUE. Among the scattered veterans of the great Civil war who remain to be honored by their fellow countrymen of the younger generation is Ross Rue of Alliance. Mr. Rue has passed his seventieth birthday, and is therefore one of the youngest of the old soldiers, all his service, which began early in the war and continued until after the close, having been given when he was still a boy. He came out of the army before he was twenty-one. For many years, comprising practically all his active life after the army, Mr. Rue was a prominent factor in the brick manufacturing industry of Northern Ohio, chiefly in Stark County. He has been an important factor in the industrial life of this county, and well deserves the prosperity which he now enjoys in his retirement. Ross Rue was born at Minerva in Stark County, Ohio, April 15, 1845. His parents were Thomas and Nancy (Warren) Rue, both of whom were natives and married in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. The father was born in 1801, was married in 1821, and in the same year came to Ohio. settling in the woods three-quarters of a mile north of Minerva, on the farm where Ross Rue was born. Thomas Rue was a shoemaker by trade, and as was not unusual at that time carried on his trade while working his farm. He kept his shop in his home, and being an expert workman had many demands upon his time and services. For a number of years he did only the highest grade of work, and was called upon to make many pairs of fine shoes, for weddings and other particular occasions. One incident is recalled that should be published. He made a pair of wedding boots for a young man about to be married, and in order that they should be of the highest class he sent East for a piece of the best quality of calfskin. He accepted the commission on the promise of a certain quantity of wheat HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1013 in payment. After getting the boots crimped, he asked for the delivery of the wheat, but the bridegroom never delivered the wheat and the boots were kept on the crimp blocks for eighteen years. In the meantime the customer had married and had reared a family. It was on the farm near Minerva that Thomas and Nancy Rue spent the rest of their lives. Early in the war Thomas Rue went to Massillon to offer his services as a soldier, and was recruited for the One Hundred and Fourth Ohio Regiment. While in camp at Massillon and engaged in playing a game of "tug" he was ruptured and was discharged, never having been sworn into the United States service, and died five days after the accident in 1862, at the age of sixty-one. His widow survived until 1880. Into their home were born twelve children, nine of whom reached maturity. The two living at this writing are Ross and Jennie, wife of Frank Baugher of Canton. The six sons who lived all saw service in the same capacity or other as soldiers during the Civil war. The daughter Nancy, who died at Minerva about fifteen years ago, was the wife of Alexander McDowell. The daughter Margaret, who died about twenty years ago, was the wife of John Ransom, a carpenter at Alliance. Robert, the oldest of the sons, served as a private in the ranks of the Eighty- second Ohio Regiment until discharged, was a mason contractor at Minerva, and in that capacity built the Fairmont Orphans Home, the Coates Block at Alliance, and other buildings of that class; he died about fifteen years ago. The son Thomas was sergeant in the One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Infantry, was captured at Nashville, spent about eight months in the Andersonville prison pen. and after being exchanged was coming home on the ill-fated steamer Sultana, and when that vessel was above Memphis its boilers exploded and he was one of the 1,600 returning soldiers who met death after all their battles had been fought and the war was brought to a triumphant conclusion. The son John, who still lives at Minerva, but was for a number of years a resident of Park Rapids, Minnesota, saw three years of service in the Sixty-fifth Ohio Regiment. Joseph was for three years in the Twenty-sixth Ohio, was wounded in the battle of Chickamauga, and while lying on the field was captured but was exchanged after two days; after his first term of service expired he went out as a substitute, being paid $1,000 for this service, and after coming home he used this capital to study law, and was for many years a successful practitioner at Carrollton, Ohio, where he died about fifteen years later as a result of the wound which had never completely healed. The son Henry was in the Third Ohio Battery, going out at the age of sixteen and remaining until the close of the war, and later going to Texas, where he became rich during the oil boom. and died in that state about three years ago. Ross Rue while living on the old farm at Minerva learned the lessons at a district school, but just four months after his sixteenth birthday, on August 15, 1861, enlisted in Company F of the Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry. This company was recruited from Stark and Columbiana counties. Its service during the first two years was largely 1n West VirginIa. The regiment was captured at Harpers Ferry in September, 1862, where it was a part of the 10,000 Union troops which held in check the 30,000 Confederates under General Jackson for five 1014 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY days, thus preventing Jackson from effecting a junction with Lee and giving time to McClellan to strike a heavy blow to Lee at Antietam. Had it not been for the vigorous resistance afforded by the soldiers at Harpers Ferry, Washington might have been captured in this first great raid of the Southern troops through Maryland. On January 1, 1863, Mr. Rue was exchanged, and at that time the command was reorganized and sent to join Grant during the Vicksburg campaign, where he saw forty-five days of service during the siege. At Champion Hills the regiment captured a battery of eight guns during one of its charges. During the subsequent engagement Mr. Rue's company was ordered to man these guns. The company had originally planned to join the artillery service, and hence this order was very much to their liking. After that until the fall of Vicksburg the company used the captured guns, and two of these pieces, with Mr. Rue as one of the men who served them, got to the most advanced position with reference to the rebel lines. The artillery men had dug a trench and by zigzagging had worked their guns up to within a stone's throw of the rebels. A monument now marks the spot where these cannon had stood at their most advanced position. This impromptu organization of a battery was under the command of Capt. T. D. Yost, now of Cleveland. Later the company, with Mr. Rue among them, was transferred permanently into the artillery service and became known as the Twenty-sixth Ohio Battery of Light Artillery. With the expiration of their regular term of service, the company veteranized and was assigned to the charge of the same guns. This battery was left behind by Sherman to guard Vicksburg, but was frequently detailed for excursions in different directions. As a light battery it traveled fast, and took part in many skirmishes often at close quarters. On one occasion Mr. Rue and his comrades had to cut their way out, having been almost surrounded by the enemy. The battery was sent twice to Jackson, Mississippi, up the river for a considerable distance and even south as far as Louisiana. It continued in service until the close of the war, and was then given an equipment as a first class battery and ordered to Texas. After the battery had embarked on the boat these orders were revoked. The men then reported at Columbus, and on September 2, 1865, were mustered out. Mr. Rue had served as a soldier four years and seventeen days, and was still under age when discharged. At the close of the war he began learning the mason's trade with his two brothers. In 1866 he moved to Alliance, and soon began the business of brick contracting. He constructed many of the best buildings erected during the subsequent twenty-five years at Alliance and in that vicinity. This business he gradually gave up in favor of brick manufacturing. Mr. Rue has the distinction of having built the first paving brick plant north of the Ohio River at Malvern. This was during the early '80s, at a time when the use of brick for paving was only in its infancy. He built and constructed a plant at Garfield, Ohio, for the manufacture of paving brick, and afterwards with others established the Clay Products plant at Alliance. He assisted in the organization of the Alliance Brick Company. The original plant of each of these companies was built under his direct supervision. About 1910 Mr. Rue HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1015 constructed the Summit Brick Company at Summitville in Columbiana County. His interests are still in that company, which he organized, and built the plant and installed the machinery. Mr. Rue has made a careful study of clay deposits in Ohio, and these have convinced him that the deposits at Summitville are the largest in the state and that locality will be the great brick manufacturing center of Ohio. Though his business interests have thus taken him into other counties, Mr. Rue has always maintained his home in Alliance. He has never allowed his name to be presented for any public office, feeling that he served his country to the full extent during the war. One public service he rendered was as superintendent for the City of Alliance in laying the first sewer system. While engaged in that work, in order to prevent the sides of the trench from falling in upon the workmen, which was a not uncommon occurrence, he invented a screw extension brace, which effectually retained the sidewalls in place and prevents any accidents and also expedites the work of excavation. Mr. Rue patented this device and finally sold it to a rival Pittsburg firm of manufacturers for the sum of $10,000. Thus after a long career as a business man, which has been unusually successful, Mr. Rue is now living quietly retired at home in Alliance. Mr. Rue married Alvina I. Roach, daughter of Ebenezer and Mary (Roberts) Roach. Her father was a soldier all through the War of 1812, having joined the army from Ohio, in which state he was an early settler. Mrs. Rue was born in Waynesburg in Stark County. Two of her brothers were soldiers in the Civil war. One was Col. D. Roach, commander of the Eighty-sixth Ohio Infantry, afterwards twice sheriff of Carroll County, and who died at Malvern in Carroll County. The other brother, Isaac, was killed at Knoxville, Tennessee, during the siege of that city. Mr. and Mrs. Rue are the parents of three children. Nellie, who died at the age of thirty-nine, was for a number of years employed in the Culp store at Alliance. Elizabeth, the second daughter, is an employe in the Culp store. Frank, a young man still at home. Mr. Rue has been active in Grand Army circles, has served as commander of his local post, and has revisited many of the old battlefields where he fought as a boy. He has passed the various chairs in the Lodge of Odd Fellows, and he and his wife are members of the First Methodist Episcopal Church at Alliance. OLIVER W. RENKERT. The vice president and general superintendent of the Metropolitan Paving Brick Company of Canton, Oliver W. Renkert is a son of J. J. Renkert, the pioneer paving brick manufacturer of Canton, concerning whose interesting career of achievement a separate article can he found in this publication. Oliver W. Renkert is a dentist by profession, but his earliest experiences were in the brick business and for a number of years he has given his entire time and attention to that industry. Oliver W. Renkert was born at Canal Dover, Tuscarawas County, Ohio, October 24, 1878, and was three years of age when the family removed to Canton. His youth and school days were spent in that city, and he acquired a practical knowledge of brick making by working Vol. III -17 1016 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY while a boy around his father's plant. After a three years' course at the Western Reserve University he was graduated Doctor of Dental Surgery in 1898, and for nine years kept an office and was engaged in practice at Akron. In 1903 Mr. Renkert became one of the organizers and incorporators of the Metropolitan Paving Brick Company at Canton, and has been a member of its board of directors ever since. In 1907, having retired from the dental profession, he accepted the presidency and general management of the Moberly Paving Brick Company of Moberly, Missouri. He spent half a dozen years in Missouri as a brick manufacturer, and then resigned his position and sold his interest, and in January, 1914, became general superintendent of the Metropolitan Company at Canton. In January, 1916, he became vice president, general superintendent and president of the Moberly Paving Brick Company. Mr. Renkert is also interested financially in other industrial corporations in Ohio, Missouri, Kansas and elsewhere. He is an active member of the Canton Chamber of Commerce and the Lakeside Country Club, and the Congress Lake Club. Mr. Renkert married Emma F. Moushey, daughter of Lewis Moushey, of Canton. To this marriage have been born two daughters: Bernice Mae and Bessie Marie. ROBERT S. SHIELDS. More than forty years of successful practice have given Judge Shields a high position in the Stark County bar and his varied services in the profession and in public affairs have found a fitting climax in his present dignity as judge of the court of appeals of the Fifth Appellate District of Ohio. While too often the memory of a lawyer is fleeting, Judge Shields has exercised such influence over the life of his home city at Canton and has done so much to uphold the prestige of his profession that his career is solidly impressed upon the history of his time. A son of William and Anna (Hance) Shields, both natives of New Jersey, Judge Shields was born at Washington, New Jersey, September 28, 1845. After preparing for college at Allentown, Pennsylvania, he entered Union College at Schenectady, New York, and was graduated Bachelor of Arts from that old and substantial institution in 1867. He began the study of law in the office of Hon. E. W. Stoughton of New York City, who was subsequently United States minister to Russia during the administration of President Harrison. Later he was a student with his maternal uncle, Judge Joseph C. Hance of New Philadelphia, Tuscarawas County, Ohio. He was admitted to the bar in 1870 on examination before Judge Mcllvaine at Cadiz, of Harrison County. Since August, 1887, Judge Shields has had his home in Canton. He came to the city well recommended, possessing real ability as well as ambition, and from the first thoroughly identified himself with the life of the community. In 1871 he was elected mayor of Canton, and served in that office two consecutive terms. He was soon rewarded with a good clientage as a lawyer, and in 1876 was elected prosecuting attorney of Stark County, an office he also held for two terms or four years. This service increased his reputation as a resourceful trial lawyer. In 1885 Judge Shields was appointed by President Cleveland as United States PICTURE OF HARRY S. RENKERT HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1017 District Attorney for Northern Ohio, and that office too he held four years. During the next twenty years Judge Shields applied himself with no important side issues to the responsibilities of his large private practice. In 1910 came his election to the bench of the Fifth Judicial Circuit. This circuit court was subsequently made the court of appeals of the Fifth Appellate District. On the bench his record has fulfilled the expectations based upon his long and successful career as a lawyer, and he is everywhere spoken of as an upright and honorable judge. His present term expires February 1, 1917. In December, 1871, Judge Shields married Miss Clara A. Wikidal, daughter of the late Martin Wikidal of Canton. They have one daughter, Clara. HARRY S. RENKERT. It was the faith and enthusiasm in Canton's continued growth and prosperity and the capital and enterprise of Harry S. Renkert which were responsible for giving that city its first and only real skyscraper business and office block. The Renkert Building is easily the most conspicuous structure at Canton, a credit to the city, and in many ways illustrative of the power and resources of the community which surrounds it. The Renkert Building has a frontage of 45 feet on Market Avenue North, a similar frontage on Piedmont Avenue, and extends for 200 feet on Third Street. It is twelve stories high, constructed of metropolitan brick, the building material with which the Renkert name has long been familiarly associated in Stark County. It is a thoroughly fireproof building and is as modern in its equipment and facilities as any structure of the kind in any city of the country. The total cubic space in the building is 1,500,000 feet. The basement and the first four floors and the eleventh floor are occupied by the Kenny Brothers Company, for their department store. The other six floors are divided into offices, many suites being occupied as the official headquarters for Canton's leading industries and also as offices for professional men. For many years the Renkert family has been identified with Stark County, and Harry S. Renkert is a son of Jacob J. Renkert, one of the pioneer Ohio manufacturers of brick. Jacob J. Renkert has been in that industry nearly fifty years, and for thirty years has been a manufacturer of shale brick, and is now superintendent of the Royal plant of the Metropolitan Paving Brick Company. Harry S. Renkert, one of the most prominent men identified with the brick industry, was born at Canal Dover in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, January 27, 1875, a son of Jacob J. and Emma (Lahm) Renkert. He acquired his education in the public schools and in the Canton Business College, and his own career as a business man began in 1893, at the age of eighteen, as clerk in the Keim Bank at Louisville, Ohio. In 1896 he was made stenographer and bookkeeper for J. L. Higley & Company, sales agents for several local brick manufacturers, and in 1899, while continuing his relations with J. L. Higley & Company, became a stockholder in the Royal Brick Company of Canton, and was treasurer of that company in 1900-01. In 1902 he assisted in the organization of the Metropolitan Paving Brick Company, and became its secretary-treasurer, and subsequently treasurer and 1018 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY general manager, offices which he holds to the present time. He is director and vice president of the Canton Sheet Steel Company, and president of the Canton Metal Ceiling Company. Recognized as one of the foremost manufacturers of Canton, it was with special fitness that he should give his home city its most conspicuous business building. His relations with the business and civic community have always been of liberal and enterprising nature. He is active in the Canton Chamber of Commerce, being one of its directors, is president of the Real Estate Board and chairman of the membership committee, and is also well known socially. In the Masonic order he has taken thirty- two degrees of the Scottish Rite, and is also a Knight Templar and Mystic Shriner and has membership in the Canton Club, the Congress Lake Club and the Lakeside Country Club. On October 6, 1897, he married Minnie Schlemmer of Canton. They are the parents of three children: Donald J., aged sixteen; Dorothy Alice, aged eleven; and Harry S., Jr., aged nine. NICK GRANT. Not a few of the men who in Stark County have risen to positions of independence and business prominence are citizens of foreign birth, who have been attracted to America by its unexcelled advantages and unsurpassed opportunities. An example of this energetic, progressive class is found in the person of Nick Grant, contractor, who supplies stone for the Diamond Cement Works, at Middlebranch, in Plain Township. From the time of his arrival in the United States, at the age of fourteen years, Mr. Grant has been hard working and industrious, always seeking to better his condition and to adapt himself and his resources to his surroundings. Nick Grant was born at Faeta, Province of Foggia, Apulia, Italy, June 24, 1878, and is a son of Antonio and Jennie Grant. His father came to the United States in 1887, landing at New York City, where he was joined by his son, Nick, in 1892. Father and son then went to Johnstown, Pennsylvania, then to Pittsburgh, and later to West Virginia, where they secured employment in a lumber camp at Alexandria. Their next location was Charleston, West Virginia, where they were employed by a firm for five years in railroad construction, and next worked in a stone quarry in West Virginia. Subsequently they came to Cleveland, Ohio, where they were engaged in street railway construction, and remained in that city between five and six months. Their next place of residence and employment was Alliance, Stark County, where they were employed on public works for about six months, then removing to Canton, where, six months later, they were employed by the Canton Brick Yard. They were also engaged in public work at Canton for several months, following which, about 1899, they came to Middlebranch where they secured a contract, lasting about one year, for the loading of cars with stone at the Diamond Portland Cement Company's plant. In 1900 Nick Grant was successful in securing the contract for supplying stone to the plant, and this he has continued to hold to the present time. He works on an average seventeen men, with a steam shovel for loading the cars. In 1908 Mr. Grant and his father were joined by the rest of the family, but after about four years the HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1019 parents returned to their native land, where they are now living in quiet retirement, surrounded by the comforts which are their reward for their long years of industry. In business circles of Middlebranch, Nick Grant is held in high esteem as a man of the highest integrity, who has always displayed fidelity in his business engagements and contracts. He believes in the future of the locality which he has adopted for his own, and has shown his faith in its development by investing his capital in real estate, being at this time the owner of a handsome residence, another residence at Middlebranch, and two or three pieces of valuable realty. He also has holdings in the City of Canton. He has taken an interest in the civic affairs of Middlebranch, and has always been ready to give his assistance to movements which have promised to advance its institutions in any way. Mr. Grant was married to Miss Mary Bennett, also a native of Italy, who came to the United States when about seventeen years of age. The marriage ceremony was performed at Canton. Mr. and Mrs. Grant are the parents of six children, namely : Antonio, Dominic, Jennie, Edward, Beulah and Rose. Mr. Grant and the members of his family belong to Saint Anthony's Roman Catholic Church of Canton. He is fraternally affiliated with Saint Anthony's Society, the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Reindeers of Canton, in all of which he is popular. COL, WILLIAM H. MORGAN. A manufacturer, inventor and forceful leader in business and public affairs, Col. William H. Morgan has for a number of years wielded an influence probably second to no other citizen at Alliance. - He was born June 1, 1865, at Pittston, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania. His father was Thomas R. Morgan, who founded the Morgan Engineering Company at Alliance and who died in 1897. Colonel Morgan was six years old when brought to Alliance, and as soon as his education was completed he entered the shop and was moved ahead step by step until he became head of the drafting department. His achievements include the development of several important inventions in the electrical field, and over 100 patents have been issued to him. His executive ability has been as pronounced as his mechanical genius. In 1894 he was chosen vice president and three years later had to assume the entire management of the Morgan Engineering Company, and has been president of that big industry since his father's death. During the war with Spain the Government placed a special detail of soldiers to guard the plant, which was engaged in manufacturing goods needed for Government use. Colonel Morgan 's value as a citizen was partially recognized when he was chosen as colonel on the staff of the Ohio governor. Colonel Morgan is a director of the First National Bank of Alliance and the City Savings Bank, is a trustee of Mount Union College, and has served as president of the city council. He is a republican, and is affiliated with a large number of orders and clubs. WILLIAM A. LYNCH. The Lynch family has been prominent in Canton and Stark County for two generations. In the development 1020 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY of natural resources, the building of railroads, in the profession of law and in the field of finance, the family have supplied executives and leaders whose activities have not been circumscribed by any one city or county, but have extended to many sections of the country. Probably no one family has been more closely identified with the development of Stark County, and in the second generation in Canton exceptional achievement and position have been won by two representatives, one of them the late William A. Lynch, lawyer, manufacturer and financier, and Austin Lynch, a prominent member of the bar and president of the Central Savings Bank of Canton. Arnold Lynch, their father, was one of the early residents of Canton, and took a leading part in the pioneer development of the coal mining interests of Stark County. It was generally recognized that the coal industry was one of the corner stones of the county's prosperity. Arnold Lynch was also identified with the opening up of coal fields in Western Pennsylvania. A native of Ireland, he came to America in young manhood and in Stark County net and married Frances Horan, also a native of Ireland. Arnold Lynch was a surveyor, and was classed in his time as a civil engineer. Many years ago he held the office of county surveyor and county recorder of Stark County. A man of remarkable business talents, with an energy that kept him pressing from one attainment to the other, he accomplished much that stands today in visible evidence. He was one of the prominent factors in the promotion and construction of railroads in the early days, and was one of the projectors of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railway, and also of the Mahoning Valley and Cleveland Railway between Youngstown and Cleveland. To a greater, or less extent he was interested in various other railroad enterprises. Arnold Lynch died in 1856. The late William A. Lynch, son of Arnold, will always enjoy a position as one of Canton's foremost citizens. He was born in Canton August 4, 1844, attended the public schools of that city and in 1860 entered the office of the late Louis Schaefer and began the study of law. On September 1, 1865, just as soon as he had become of legal age he was admitted to the bar, and at once began a partnership relation with Mr. Schaefer, which continued for four years. For a number of years the late Mr. Lynch was associated with one of Canton's most eminent men, William R. Day, whose career has long reflected honor on Stark County, and who is now serving as an associate justice in the United States Supreme Court. During the early relations of Mr. Lynch and Mr. Day the law firm was known as Lynch & Day, and on April 17, 1878, Austin Lynch, younger brother of William A., was admitted to the firm, making it Lynch, Day & Lynch. William A. Lynch was a democrat and a man prominent in that party and in the broader field of public affairs. He never aspired to any public office, and the only positions lie held were as prosecuting attorney of Stark County and city solicitor of Canton. He was twice elected prosecuting attorney. The first time his opponent was Charles Manderson, who afterwards came into national prominence as a United States senator from Nebraska. The second time Mr. Lynch contested HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1021 the election his opponent was Major McKinley, later president of the United States. In the first contest with Mr. McKinley Mr. Lynch was defeated, but two years later both of them. again appeared as candidates for the same office, and this time the choice of the people was bestowed upon Mr. Lynch. Though political opponents, both Mr. Lynch and the late President McKinley were warm friends, and the sound economic policies represented by Mr. McKinley during his presidential campaigns were openly supported by Mr. Lynch. Mr. Lynch in 1896 was a delegate to the Indianapolis National Sound Money Convention, and his name appeared as an elector at large for the State of Ohio on the Palmer and Buckner ticket. While his nominal affiliation was with the sound money wing of the democratic party at that time, he openly and warmly supported Major McKinley for the presidency, since he realized the impossibility of the success of the Palmer-Buckner ticket. Again in 1900 Mr. Lynch opposed the election of Mr. Bryan. In 1885 Mr. Lynch had retired from the firm of Lynch, Day & Lynch, and thereafter devoted his time chiefly to practice as counsel to corporations. As a business lawyer he became identified with some important enterprises, particularly in manufacturing and transportation lines. He was one of the projectors of the Pittsburg, Akron & Western Railway, and was connected with the promotion and building of other railway lines in the west, and also in the reorganization of railroad, coal and iron properties and various manufacturing companies. Mr. Lynch was also projector and president of the Canton & Massillon Electric Railway, which was the first inter-urban road in the United States to be equipped with modern improvements. The late William A. Lynch was married October 14, 1874, to Eliza. Ruth Underhill, daughter of Judge Underhill of Canton. E. C. BATES. The Buckeye Jack Manufacturing Company is an Alliance industry with a record of remarkable growth and of most substantial proportions. A brief sketch of the business is an appropriate paragraph in a history of Stark County. In 1900 the Falla Brothers began manufacturing a certain type of jack at Louisville in Stark County. The product was beyond all question a most useful one, though the resources of the firm at Louisville were inadequate to put the goods on the market and provide for the needs of a growing business. In 1904 the concern passed into the hands of a group of Alliance men, who incorporated the Buckeye Jack Manufacturing Company with a capital of $25,000. Senator Silas J. Williams, Frank and O. F. Transue, E. C. Bates and N. Falla were the incorporators with O. F. Transue as president, Frank Transue, vice president, and Mr. Bates secretary and manager. One of the Falla Brothers, N. Falla, remained with the company as superintendent, and still occupies that position. At that time the business was transferred to Alliance, and the plant was secured in 1910 by the purchase of a nut and bolt factory, 208x70 feet. This factory at that time furnished four times as much space as was needed. However, the rapid growth of the business began with this change, and whereas the company was manufacturing in 1910 between 15.000 and 20,000 jacks, at the present time the output is fully 300,000; to make this 1022 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY possible recent additions were made to the factory amounting to 100 per cent of additional floor space. In 1912 there was a capital increase to $50,000. The company now has on its payrolls sixty-five employes. Several classes of jacks are manufactured, including a compound lever track jack, an automatic lowering jack, and various kinds of automobile and truck jacks. This has proved one of the most prosperous of Alliance factories, and while small compared with many it has contributed an important factor to the prosperity of that city. E. C. Bates is a brother of B. C. Bates, an Alliance business man in whose sketch will be found more concerning the family history. Mr. E. C. Bates came to Alliance in 1876, learned the trade of jeweler, and in 1879 opened a store of his own. He continued this without interruption until 1904, when he sold out in order to become one of the incorporators of the Buckeye Company above described. At that time he was with one exception the oldest business man in continuous location on Main Street of Alliance. He possessed a valuable establishment, though he had started with nothing. In early years he had lived economically, had attended constantly to his business, never delegating its duties to others, but could be found in his store practically every minute of business hours. Twenty-five years of the confining routine of merchandising caused him to feel the need of a change and an enlarged scope of activity, and for that reason he joined some of his old friends and accepted the position of manager and secretary in the company just described. It was a new business, and the first year he devoted almost entirely to learning all the details of the manufacturing plant. This experience stood him in good stead, and by hard work and close application he mastered both the manufacturing and the commercial features of the business. His associates are proud to accord due credit to him, whose resourcefulness has largely made the Buckeye Jack Manufacturing Company a success. Mr. Bates a few years ago erected a business block in Alliance and has also added several residences to the city. He came to Alliance when its population was less than 5,000, and has been no small factor in its subsequent growth and development and is one of the citizens whose sturdiness of character and capable business judgment have always been regarded as valuable assets to the community. Mr. Bates also platted and sold one of the smaller subdivisions about the city. While not spoken of as a politician, his public activity has been shown more as a member of the board of trade and other business men's organizations. In 1879 Mr. Bates married Sedalia Mell, who was born in Alliance, a daughter of an old Pennsylvania railroad engineer who lost his life at the explosion of his engine. Mr. and Mrs. Bates have two sons and one daughter. C. J. Bates is assistant manager of the Buckeye Company; Lucile is the wife of Dr. Stephen A. Douglas, superintendent of the Ohio State Sanitarium at Mount Vernon; and Bernard is a graduate of the Alliance High School and now a student in the Ohio State University. JOSIAH HARTZELL. The late Josiah Hartzell was a native of the State of Ohio, having been born in the Town of Deerfield, Portage PICTURE OF JOSIAH HARTZELL HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1023 County, on the 7th of September, 1833. His parents were Frederick and Mary (lakes) Hartzell, both of whom were born and reared in Pennsylvania, being representatives of the staunch German stock which has played so important a part in the history of the Keystone Commonwealth. Frederick Hartzell removed to Ohio in 1810, and was engaged in farming until his death, which occurred in Mahoning County, on the 13th of November, 1868, his wife passing away on the 20th of August, 1888. In both the paternal and maternal the descent of the subject of this sketch is traced from German families who, in consequence of religious persecution in their native land, accepted certain landed and homestead propositions made them by William Penn and came to America as the pioneer settlers of Pennsylvania. The original American progenitor of the Hartzell family was Heinrich Hartzell, who Came to Pennsylvania in the year 1687. Josiah Hartzell passed his youthful days in Portage County, Ohio, and received his preliminary education in the common schools. In 1850 he was matriculated in Amherst College, in Massachusetts. Here he completed the college course and graduated as a member of the class of 1854, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts, while later his Alma Mater conferred upon him in turn the degree of Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy. After his collegiate course Mr. Hartzell took up the study of law in Toledo, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar of the state in 1856. He located in Davenport, Iowa, where he practiced law two years and then came to Canton in 1858. He assumed the editorial chair of the Canton Republican in 1858 and subsequently became editor of the Canton Repository, the oldest paper in Stark County. the same having been established in the year 1815, under the title of the Ohio Repository. He continued as editor-in-chief of the .Repository for nearly a score of years, retiring about 1876. though he has since continued to make occasional and timely contributions to this and other representative papers, being known as a forceful and trenchant writer and ever utilizing the chaste diction indicative of high scholarship and appreciative literary taste. After his retirement from newspaper work Mr. Hartzell devoted most of his attention to the various and important manufacturing interests with which he was identified. He twice made tours of the European continent and was representative of important manufacturing interests during the Paris Exposition of 1878, as well as that held in that city in 1900. and also at the World's Columbian Exposition held in the City of Chicago in 1893. Mr. Hartzell ever gave his allegiance to the republican party and was an effective advocate of its cause, and while he was never animated by political ambition, he was called upon to serve in various positions of local trust, he was postmaster of Canton for four years, during the administration of Presidents Lincoln and Johnson. He also served as a member of the board of park commissioners and as sewer commissioner, his policy in local affairs being at all times a progressive and broadminded one. In 1893 he was made a member of the Ohio State Board of Health, and served in that capacity twenty years, having been president of the hoard part of that time. He was also a member of the American Public Health Association, and at its convention in Phila- 1024 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY delphia in 1898, he was appointed a member of a committee which received instructions to memorialize the President and Congress of the United States to take certain measures for the suppression of yellow fever in Cuba. In the following year he was reappointed to another committee whose object was the same, the two committees holding their sessions in the City of Washington. Through this means was initiated the work which led to the establishing by our Government, in the City of Havana, of that commission of bacteriological experts whose experimental studies and careful researches have made possible the suppression of yellow fever in American cities. Mr. Hartzell was a member of the board of trustees of the Ohio Historical and Archaeological Society, and in each of the connections noted, his zeal has been insistent and has vitalized the work undertaken and carried forward. On the 21st of February, 1856, Mr. Hartzell was united in marriage to Miss Mary K. Johnson, who was born in Stark County, Ohio, being a daughter of Simon Johnson, an honored pioneer of Stark County. 01 this union were born eight children, one of whom, Mary K., died in infancy, while of the others we give the following brief data ; Wilbur J., was born November 22, 1856, is now a resident of Medford, Oregon, engaged in fruit raising. Dora V., was born January 8, 1859, resides in Canton, being the widow of Capt. Herman L. Kuhns. Frederick S., was born on August 22, 1860, resides in Mabton, Washington, and is secretary of the McKinley Memorial Association. Charles, born on the 15th day of July, 1862. is a resident of San Juan, Porto Rico, where he is engaged in the practice of law. He was formerly secretary of state of the Island of Porto Rico. Dr. Josiah Hartzell, Jr., horn on May 6, 1868, is a dentist residing at Minneapolis. Grace, born May 28, 1871, is the wife of Hon. Frank E. Gcve of Denver, Colorado, where she resides. Ralph W., born October 21, 1874, resides in Denver, Colorado, where he is engaged in the practice of law. LINCOLN A. LEONARD. A resident of Stark County during the major part of his life, Mr. Leonard was lens numbered among the successful and popular teachers in the public schools of the county, has been identified with the agricultural interests of the county in a practical way. has held various positions of public trust, has shown himself to be a citizen of utmost loyalty and progressiveness and in 1914 he was elected for a second consecutive term in the office of county commissioner, in which his service has been marked by progressiveness and by that mature judgment which characterizes him in all of the relations of life. He maintains his home at Alliance, is well known in this part of the state, and the number of his friends is equal to that of his acquaintances. Mr. Leonard was born in Johnson County, Iowa, on the 9th of November, 1860, a date which indicates that his parents were numbered among the pioneer settlers in that section of the Hawkeye State. He is a son of Jesse and Lavinia (Scranton) Leonard, the former of whom was born and reared in Mahoning County. Ohio, and the latter of whom is a native of Portage County. this state. The father, who was a carpenter by trade but who devoted his attention to farming for many years, removed to Iowa in 1856 and became one of the pioneer agriculturists of Johnson PICTURE OF LINCOLN A. LEONARD HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1025 County, that state. About 1862 he returned with his family to Ohio and established his residence in Stark County, where he passed the residue of his long and useful life and where he died on the 6th of August, 1906. He served as a member of an Ohio regiment in the Civil war, was a republican in his political proclivities and was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, as is also his widow, the latter now being a resident of Ashtabula County. Of the children, the eldest is Mrs. James E. Wilderson, of Ashtabula County; Mrs. Isaac L. Held resides at Tuscola, Illinois; Mrs. Walter Gates is a resident of Williamsfield, Ashtabula County, as is also her brother Albert W.; Leonard A., is the third in order of birth of the eight children, of whom three are deceased. Lincoln A. Leonard was a child at the time of the establishing of the family home in Stark County, and after availing himself of the advantages of the public schools he pursued a higher academic course at Mount Union College, in the City of Alliance. For twenty years he was a most popular and valued teacher in the schools of Lexington Township, this county, where he taught eleven years in one district, five years in another, and three in a third. For one year he held the position of superintendent of the schools of that township, and during the entire period of his service in the pedagogic profession he was engaged also in farming, his homestead place being situated four miles north of Alliance and being still owned by him. A man of high civic ideals, Mr. Leonard has taken a lively interest in politics and has been influential in public affairs of a local order, his allegiance being given to the republican party. He served six years as trustee of Lexington Township, was for two years a valued member of the board of trustees of the Stark County Infirmary, and in the autumn of 1912 was elected county commissioner. He assumed the duties of this important office in January, 1913, and in the election of November, 1914, he was again chosen for this position, in which his earnest and effective services have inured greatly to the material and civic benefit of the county. With the exception of one year passed in the City of Cleveland and two years in Portage County, Mr. Leonard has been a resident of Stark County from his early childhood, and his life has been marked by fruitful endeavor as well as by that sterling integrity of purpose which ever begets popular esteem and confidence. At Alliance he is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of the Modern Maccabees and the Sons of Veterans, and both he and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church. On the 4th of June, 1887, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Leonard to Miss Anna M. Muerman, daughter of Herman and Dorothy Muerman, of Lima ville, this county. and of the four children of this union the eldest is Herman C., who is district superintendent of the public schools of Lexington and Marlboro townships; Marie is engaged as an expert stenographer in the offices of the McCaskey Register Company, of Alliance ; and Dorothy and Harriet remain at the parental home, as does also the oldest daughter. HENRY C. MILLIGAN. Stark County has the distinction of being the home of the largest exclusive granite ware plant in the world, the 1026 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY Republic Stamping and Enameling Company, of which Henry C. Milligan is president and treasurer. Mr. Milligan has been identified with this and kindred lines of manufacturing upwards of fifty years, is himself an inventor of important processes in the enameling of metal ware, and in 1884 he originated and patented the first one-coat granite ware. He is one of Ohio's foremost manufacturers and industrial executives. Henry C. Milligan was born in New York City October 22, 1851, a son of the late Gilbert M. Milligan, who for many years was secretary and treasurer of the Central Rail way of New Jersey. It was when still a boy and soon after finishing his education that Mr. Milligan became identified with the work of enameling metal ware. That was in 1868 as an employe of the Pioneer Enameling firm in the United States. He learned the business in all its details, and subsequently was entrusted with the responsibility of placing the goods on the markets, not only in the United States, but in South America and in European countries. In 1875 Mr. Milligan took up an intimate study of the processes of metal enameling, and as a result developed a process on which he was granted a patent. Other inventions followed, all of which were patented. He has contributed perhaps as much as any other individual to the improvement and perfection of manufacturing processes of making enameled wares. In 1899 Mr. Milligan severed his connections with eastern manufacturers, who were at that time using his patents, and founded the Crescent Enameling Company of Cleveland, Ohio. He became president of that concern, and in 1901, when the Carnahan Stamping & Enameling Company was organized in Canton, he sold his Cleveland plant to the Canton corporation, and became president of the consolidated business. In 1906 Mr. Milligan founded the Republic Stamping & Enameling Company, which now ranks as the largest exclusive granite ware plant in the world. In 1915 they purchased The General Stamping Company, of Canton, for $1,000,000. The daily output is now 160,000 pieces each twenty-four hours. He has since been its president and general manager. Mr. Milligan is a member of the Congress Lake Club, the Country Club, the Elks Club and the Canton Chamber of Commerce. MORRIS D. CROWL. A present county commissioner of Stark County and long identified with public affairs and private business in this county, Morris D. Crowl is a man of substantial achievements and position, and represents a family long identified with this county. Morris D. Crowl was born on the old Crowl Homestead, which he now owns, in Paris Township of Stark County, July 23, 1870. His parents were Thomas T. and Mary (Boory) Crowl. The original Crowl settler in Stark County was his grandfather, Daniel Crowl, who was born in Maryland in 1808 and settled in Paris Township of Stark County in 1833. Daniel was a son of Michael Crow', a native of Maryland and of German stock. Daniel Crowl married Anna Townsend, and shortly after that event came West to Ohio, locating in Paris Township. Thomas T. Crowl, the father, was born at the Crowl Farm in Paris Township November 1, 1835. Eventually the ownership of the homestead passed into his name, and from him has descended to its present HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1027 possessor, Morris D. Crowl. His years were spent as a farmer, and he was a citizen who in a quiet and unostentatious sphere performed a part of usefulness and honor. Thomas T. Crowl married Mary A. Boory, who was born in Paris Township of Stark County, a daughter of Frederick Boory, who was a native of Switzerland and came to America when a boy with his parents. The Boory family settled in Paris Township among the pioneers. Thomas T. Crowl who passed away May 17, 1903, served as township trustee and as a member of the school board. His wife died July 18, 1896. Morris D. Crowl grew up on the farm that is now his home, and for an education attended the district schools. After succeeding to the ownership of the homestead, he has been actively engaged in farming, raising stock, buying and selling of live stock, and his activities place him among the most enterprising citizens of Paris Township. His home is now within the limits of the Village of Minerva. When Mr. Crowl was twenty-one years of age he was elected assessor of Paris precinct and was twice re-elected, although the precinct was opposed in its normal strength to him politically. For fifteen years Mr. Crowl was a director of the Minerva Fair Association and was a director of the Paris and Washington Insurance Company for a long time. He held the office of treasurer of Paris Township two terms, and was elected a member of the County Commissioners' Court, and in 1914 was a candidate for re-election to the same office. His public service has been characterized by the same qualities which have made his private business successful, and he is one of the leaders in Stark County affairs. Mr. Crowl married Rosa L. Brenner. She was born in Missouri. Her father was John Wm. Pete11, a Presbyterian minister in Missouri. Her mother died when she was an infant, and she was then adopted into the home of the Brenners. Mr. and Mrs. Crowl have two sons: Virgil Thomas and Celon Milan. WALTER GARFIELD AGLER. One of Stark County's representatives in the present Ohio Legislature, Walter Garfield Agler represents one of the oldest family names in Sugar Creek Township, and his own career and service has been an added distinction to the Agler name. His residence is at Wilmot, and it was on the old Agler farm about a mile east of that village in Sugar Creek Township that he was born April 2, 1880. His parents were William Henry Harrison and Mary Jane (Wilhelm) Agler, both representing old Stark County families. The Aglers located in Sugar Creek Township in pioneer times, and more extended reference to the family will be found on other pages. Walter Garfield Agler graduated from the Wilmot High School in 1897, and in the spring of the following year took up work as a teacher, a vocation he followed continuously for nine years. His first work was done in the Oak Ridge School, and afterwards at Sugar Creek Falls and at Wilmot. In 1909 he entered the office of county clerk A. W. Agler, his brother, at Canton, and was connected with that office until January 1, 1913. In the fall of 1912 on the republican ticket Mr. Agler was elected a 1028 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY member of the Ohio Legislature, and in the fall of 1914 was re-elected. In the first session he was a member of the following committees: Codes, Courts and Procedure, of which he was also secretary ; Privileges and Elections, of which committee he was also secretary ; Civil Service; County Affairs. Luring the second term he was chairman of the Committee on Civil Service, and a member of the Finance, Banks and Banking committees. his present term as a legislator expires January 1, 1917. Mr. Agler is active in fraternal affairs, being affiliated with Wilmot Lodge No. 246, Knights of Pythias, in which lie has filled all the chairs; with Washington Council, Junior Order of United American Mechanics at Canton ; with the Loyal Order of Moose at Canton; with the Reindeers at Massillon; and with the Sons of Veterans. Mr. Agler married Miss Lulu Edna Ellis, who was born at Winesburg in Holmes County, Ohio, September 9, 18b2, daughter of Winfield Scott and Uretta (Hough) Ellis. Her father was born at Berlin in Holmes County, son of William Ellis, who was a native of Pennsylvania. Winfield S. Ellis moved from Berlin to Winesburg and in 1890 located at Wilmot, where he is now engaged in the livery business. Mrs. Agler's mother was born at Mt. Eaton, Ohio, daughter of George hough, who was a native of New York State. Mrs. Agler's mother died in 1903. There is one child of the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Agler, Dorothy Jane, born July 7, 1910. MARION OLIVER SHERER. The excellent business standing of Marion Oliver Sherer rests upon many years of activity, but principally is it the outgrowth of the successful lumber business with which he has been connected since 1892. He is further known as the secretary and treasurer of the Central Novelty Company, as a public-spirited promoter of stable and practical conditions, and as a citizen who has been willing to contribute of his time and abilities to the public service at Louisville. Mr. Sherer was born on his father's farm in Hardin County, Ohio, August 28, 1863, and is a son of Christian Sherer, a native of Germany. The father came with his parents to the United States in boyhood, the family settling first about five miles south of Canton. Christian Sherer was married in Stark County to Sophia Bergurt, who was born in this county, and after their marriage they went to Hardin County, where the father engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1869 they returned to Stark County and located four miles south of Canton, the father continuing to farm there until the spring of 1893, when he retired and moved to Canton, and in 1905 to Louisville, where he still lives in quiet retirement at the comfortable home of his son Marion 0., being past eighty years of age. His first wife died in Hardin County, when her son Marion 0. was about two years of age, and Mr. Sherer was again married in that county, being united with Miss Mary Bergurt, the sister of his first wife. Her death occurred at Canton, in 1905. Marion Oliver Sherer was brought up as a farmer boy in Hardin and Stark counties, where he received his education in the district schools. He was not satisfied, however, to follow an agricultural career, and accordingly fitted himself for commercial operations by a course HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1029 at a business college at Ada, Ohio, being graduated in 1888. In that same year he established himself in business as the proprietor of a retail grocery store at Canton, but after two years disposed of his interests in that enterprise and went into the livery business in the same city. He had not yet found his proper groove and after one year he sold his livery business and tcok a position with the Boston Dry Goods Company, a concern with which lie was connected until December 31, 1892, when he came to Louisville. Here Mr. Sherer recognized an opportunity, and purchased a lumber yard, which, through poor management and neglect, had been allowed to get into bad condition. With characteristic energy he set about to right matters, soon had business on the increase, and as the years passed developed one of the leading businesses of its kind in the county. The mill was soon found too small for his us; and he has been forced to build numerous additions to it, as well as to erect other structures, including a modern office building, the plant now covering three acres of ground. An evidence of Mr. Sherer's success may be found in the fact that since 1892 the business has increased in volume more than 400 per cent. He gives employment to twelve men, and his trade conies from all over this part of the country, where his name and reputation are honored in business circles. In addition to his lumber interests, Mr. Sherer is connected with the Central Novelty Company, of which he was one of the organizers, and winch was incorporated in 1908, at which time lie was elected secretary and treasurer, positions which lie still retains. This company manufactures doll beds, toys of all kinds and sidewalk specialties, and from its inception has enjoyed a steady and ever-increasing trade. The regard in which he is held by his business associates in the city is shown by the fact that for several years he has served in his present position of president of the Louisville Business Men's Association. Mr. Sherer was married to Miss Laura Starkey, of near Robertsville, Stark County, daughter of the late John Starkey, and to this union there have been born five children: Burdette, who is completing her medical training in the hospital at Youngstown, Ohio; Mildred M., who is a graduate nurse at Cleveland; Ruth E., a student at Ohio Wesleyan University, at Delaware, Ohio; Ray S., who is a teacher in the public schools; and Lowell E., a student in the Louisville High School. Mr. Sherer is a thirty-second degree Mason, belonging to Julliard Lodge No. 460, Louisville; Chapter, Commandery and Scottish Rite, Canton ; Lake Erie Consistory, at Cleveland, and Al Koran Temple, Cleveland. He also holds membership in the Knights of the Maccabees and has a wide circle of friends in fraternal circles. At all times he has taken a keen and helpful interest in civic affairs, and was mayor of Louisville two terms, from 1895 until 1900, making one of the leading executives the city has known. From 1893, for ten years, Mr. Sherer was a member of the Louisville School Board, and during nine years of that time served as president of that body. He is respected for his many amiable and excellent traits of character, and for the example of sterling manhood which he has contributed to the annals of his adopted City of Louisville. 1030 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY CARRELL B. ALLMAN. In the death of Carrell B. Allman on the 21st of February, 1903, there passed from Massillon a citizen who had for more than a third of a century been prominently identified with local business affairs, was president of the Allman & Putman Company, operating the Bee Hive Store, the largest department store in the city, and one who in conjunction with his success as a thorough business man had been prominently connected also with public affairs and in religious and social life of the city. In Massillon he represented both character and power, and much of what he did still remains to testify to a lifetime of effort and to remind his former associates of one whose presence had made them better and stronger. Carrell B. Allman was born at the Village of Navarre, Bethlehem Township, Stark County, December 29, 1842, and was in his sixty- first year at the time of his death. He was a son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Baines) Allman, and a grandson of Ebenezer Allman. The grandfather was born in Maryland November 11, 1764, and from that state removed to Southwestern Pennsylvania in Washington County, lived there until 1808, and then came to Stark County, being the first settler in Bethlehem Township, where the rest of his life was spent. Thus more than a century has passed since the Allman family became identified with Stark County, and there is no standard of measurement which can accurately represent the Wholesome influences which have emanated from the three generations whose years and energies have been expended in this locality. Ebenezer Allman was one of the men of light and leading in Bethlehem Township, and before his death had developed a good farm in the midst of the primeval forest. He was one of the early members of the Methodist Church, and brought his faith with him into the wilds of Stark County. He waS married in Maryland to Agnes Carrell who was born July 20, 1772. The thirteen children of their union were George, William. James, Mary, John, Daniel, Carrell, Harnon, James (2), and Barnes, twins, Sarah, Elizabeth and Margaret. Daniel Allman, father of the late Massillon merchant, was born during the residence of the family in Washington County, Pennsylvania, September 16, 1797, and was about eleven years of age when the family came to Ohio. His educational opportunities were measured by the primitive standards of local schools in that day and at an early age he became a practical worker on the old homestead in Stark County. After reaching his majority he took up merchandising, and was engaged in business at Navarre and at Rochester in Stark County and for a time at Bolivar in Tuscarawas County. As a business man he possessed a distinctive judgment that brought him more than moderate success in his efforts. He died at Massillon in 1867, and his widow survived many years until January 12, 1908, her home being with her son the late Carrell B. Allman. Daniel Allman was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in politics gave his support to the republican party after its organization. He married Miss Elizabeth Baines, who was born in Yorkshire, England, March 11, 1819, a daughter of John Baines, the maiden name of her mother being Chapman. The Baines family were among the early settlers of Stark County. Daniel and Elizabeth Allman were the parents of four children : Melissa, deceased; HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1031 Carrell B.; Agnes, who married D. M. Anderson ; and Hamon, of Massillon. It was always a matter of satisfaction to the late Carrell B. Allman that his early youth was spent in the country, in a home of comfort and high ideals in Bethlehem Township. He attended the common schools in the neighborhood up to the age of eighteen, and not long after that the war broke out and his loyalty to the union sent him forth as a volunteer in the One Hundred and Seventh Ohio Infantry. After one year he received an hoorable discharge on account of physical disability. In 1864 he became associated with his father in the merchandise business at Bolivar, Tuscarawas County, lived there one year, and in 1868 came to Massillon. With the business interests of that city he was thereafter identified for thirty-five years. his first connection in Massillon was with the pioneer mercantile house of J. G. Warwick & Company. In 1871 this was reorganized as Allman, Gross & Wetter, and so continued until 1876, and thereafter as Allman & Wetter until 1882. In 1883 the late Mr. Allman began merchandising with his brother-in- law, John C. F. Putman. Their business, long known as the Bee Hive Store, was incorporated January 1, 1902, as the Allman & Putman Company. Under that corporate title the affairs of this store are still conducted, though both the original principals are ow deceased. Both the partners possessed that valuable talent, the faculty for business organization, and their progressiveness and energy kept the Bee Hive continuously in the lead as a retail center of merchandise, and they developed it into the most extensive department store in Massillon. At the present time the store is one that would do credit to any city of Ohio. Throughout his long career as a merchant the late Mr. Allman held strictly to those fundamental principles and practices which are at the foundation of true success, and the prosperity of his store was founded on the bedrock of integrity. At the same time in his quiet and unostentatious way, he made a generous use of his accumulations. It will be appropriate to recall some of his business characteristics. He possessed ot only the thoroughness and kowledge of detail found in most successful merchants, but also many of those sterling habits of action which made men trust him as much for his spoken word as for his written guarantee. He was especially prompt in keeping his business engagements and expected the same consideration on the part of others. He always gave a ready hearing to all who desired to see him, and all matters claiming his attention were disposed of quietly and critically. His associates testify in strong terms to his kindness of heart and his considerate and helpful counsel, and he was not only an adviser but one who put his words into practical accomplishment. Outside the sphere of his business interests, he deserves to be especially remembered for his prominent work as a member of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Massillon. He was a trustee, served for many years as superintendent of the Sunday school, was liberal in his contributions to the various channels of church activity. At his death the official board of the church at a special meeting drew up resolutions, from the preambles of which some characteristic facts concerning Vol. III -18 1032 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY his life may appropriately be quoted: "For thirty yearS or more Carrell B. Allman has been actively interested in the business and spiritual welfare of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Massillon, during most of the time as a member of the board of trustees and for many years as a steward, long and faithfully served as a class leader, and was actively engaged in the work of the Sunday school as superintendent and teacher ; his Christian character throughout his church life has been an example and inspiration; his eminent business capacity and righteous life qualified him to be a 'pillar of the church,' and his death has left a sore vacancy in our ranks." As a tribute of respect to their departed associate the members of the board kept his chair vacant for the remainder of the Conference year. Fraternally the late Mr. Allman was identified with the Masonic order, having attained the Knight Templar degree. Politically he was stanch in his adherence and support of the republican party, though never a practical politician, and rather making his business and his everyday routine of accomplishment work toward the civic welfare and betterment of the community. He had not only hundreds of business associates who admired and respected him, but also possessed a marked capacity for gaining and retaining friends. His death was felt as a personal bereavement in many homes in Massillon, and what his personal relations meant to the city was well portrayed in the editorial columns of a local newspaper, in an article from which the following sentences are extracted: 'siThe blow which has fallen upon the Allman home in this city is one that also smites the whole city with genuine sorrow. The sacred sorrow behind the closed doors on East Main street and the piteous pain of that daughter whose bridal wreaths have scarcely faded and who is speeding tonight across the continent to her mother's side— these griefs canot be kown to any but God. But in the wider circle of church and business, and the yet wider one of citizenship, there comes a sense of irreparable loss when a good man dies that is near akin to personal grief. So this Saturday night the name of C. B. Allman will be upon many a lip and a gloom upon many a heart of men and women who knew him only in brief contact of business; and those who knew him better will pause and speak together with tearful eyes about his life and deeds, and to sympathize with his dear ones in this, their saddest hour." September 15, 1870, Mr. Allman married Miss M. Alice Putman, daughter of Capt. Timothy C. Putman. Her grandfather Putman was one of the pioneers of Stark County. The three children born to Mr. and Mrs. Allman were: Walter H., Grace P. and Elizabeth Alice. The son Walter H. graduated from the Ohio Wesleyan University in 1894, took post-graduate work for one year in Cornell University, followed by a post-graduate course at the Johns Hopkins University in 1896, For a time he was engaged in the retail plumbing business at Massillon, later went to Canton, and conducted a wholesale plumbing supply house under the firm name of W. H. Allman & Company. He also established a sand and stone business at Dundee under the name Dundee Silica Company, and was thus engaged at the time of his death on May 14, 1914. Walter H. Allman married Margaret Morgan of Massillon, PICTURE OF J. B. WILCOX HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1033 and their children are Carrell B., James P. and J. Morgan, twins, and Walter H. The daughter Grace P. is the wife of Melville K. Snyder of Detroit, Michigan, and their two children are Alice and Charles W. The second daughter, Elizabeth Alice, is Mrs. Rodolfa Simonetta of Massillon. In 1909 Mrs. Allman married Charles M. Bartruff of Massillon, who died in 1910. Mrs. Bartruff is ow living quietly at her home, 1120 East Main Street, Massillon. She is a capable business woman, and demonstrated her capacity in that respect, when, at the death of Mr. Allman, she became president of the Allman & Putman Company, and still has the executive responsibilities formerly borne by her first husband. ALLIANCE CLAY PRODUCT COMPANY. One of the leading enterprises of Alliance, which during the few short years of its existence has been so ably handled by the men at its head that it has grown to large proportions, is the Alliance Clay Product Company. An enterprise backed by Alliance men and Alliance capital, its career has been one of steady advancement and characterized by the progressive spirit of this flourishing city, to the industrial prestige of which it has contributed in so large a degree. The Alliance Clay Product Company was incorporated August 15, 1905, with a capital of $50,000, and its earnings and surplus were added until it reached $125,000. August 26, 1913, it was increased to $200,000, its incorporators being Adam Grosser, Ross Rue, David B. Turnipseed, W. S. Epperson and George Reeves. The company was formed for the manufacture of building brick and the celebrated Speedway paving block. The present officers are: B. F. Weybrecht, president ; John Eyer, vice president ; and J. B. Wilcox, secretary-treasurer and general manager. The company owns a plant covering eighteen acres just southeast of the city, the original plant having had eight kilns, with 40,000 daily capacity and employing about forty men, an equipment with which, in 1914 the concern did a business in excess of $100,000. The highest expectations of its founders have been surpassed, and in the spring of 1915 a new plant was erected, which has a daily output of 100,000, this bringing the company's business to from $250,000 to $300,000 annually, about an average of 110 men being employed. The business has grown constantly, in number of kilns, and also in greater efficiency and consequent output, it becoming necessary to greatly enlarge. The new plant is equipped with the most modern machinery, appliances and appurtenances in every department. The buildings, including the office, are all new, except the former kilns, and a most perfect kiln has been produced and thoroughly tested, all of the ten new kilns being of the same pattern. In size they are from two and one-half to three times the size of the older ones, and have facilities of filling and emptying, the loaded cars being hauled to the kilns by electric power. The construction of the kiln is so arranged that it conserves the heat and so distributes it that an even burning is assured, while a gasoline locomotive hauls the clay and shale to the grinders or pans, and all the machinery from this point is operated by electric power. The ground 1034 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY material passes on elevators to the pug-mill, which, attached to the brick machine, form one of the very largest in use. The brick are placed on small cars and run into drying tunnels, with capacity for 150,000 brick. After the burning of the brick has been completed, large electrically driven fans draw the hot. air from the kilns underground to the dryer. The cars of dried brick are taken from the dryer to the various kilns over an industrial track along which they are located. The coal is delivered by the C. & P. Railroad from which cars the coal can either be dumped into a bin and hauled to kilns by carts, or into small ears on the track which delivers the bricks to the kilns. All is planned with regard to every detail and much credit must be accorded to those who have so perfectly carried out the project. It being owned and operated by Alliance men, the concern stands as one of the city's leading and most prosperous industries and one in which the citizens of the community may take great and just pride. Its products supply not only a great part of the local demand for such goods, but are extensively used also in distant fields, Detroit being especially prosperous market and for several years has used over 1,000,000 of the paving blocks as well as many car-loads of building brick. The materials used in the production have been found most excellent for fire brick, vitrified building and paving brick, as the "Speedway" is considered one of the best paving blocks made. J. B. Wilcox, secretary-treasurer and general manager of the Alliance Clay Product Company, and one of the men who have made the success of this concern possible, was born at Deerfield, Portage County, Ohio, March 20. 1856, and is a son of A. H. and Adeline Wilcox, and a grandson of William Wilcox. A. H. Wilcox was born in Massachusetts, in 1812, and was five years of age when he accompanied his parents to Ohio, the family settling on a farm in Portage County, where the father engaged in agricultural pursuits during the remainder of his life. One of his sons, William, is still the owner of the old homestead, which has been in the family for many years. J. B. Wilcox received a public school education, and in his youth learned the trade of mason. Gradually, as he grew to manhood, he developed into a mason and building contractor, and as such came to the City of Alliance, in 1887. Here he continued to carry on the same line of business for many years, operating principally in the line of building open hearth steel furnaces. He finally became a contractor for many buildings in Alliance, and having to use great quantities of brick he became especially interested in the brick industry, and when the Alliance Clay Product Company was organized, he became a stockholder and director, although it was not until the death of the former manager, 0. U. Walker, late mayor of Alliance, in 1910, that he assumed his present duties. John Eyer, the present vice president of the company, is the only other original director. Mr. Wilcox is a man of progressive spirit and enterprise, and executive ability, and a business man of foresight, acumen and knowledge of modern methods. Under his management the firm has grown and prospered, its plans have been carefully and expeditiously carried out. and its activities have been so carried on as to benefit the city. He is known as a stirring and public-spirited cItIzen HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1035 who has the best interests of Alliance at heart, and whose support may be depended upon to further good movements. Mr. Wilcox married Miss Anna Shively, of Deerfield, Ohio, and to, this union there have come four children, namely : Oatis of the Consolidated Realty Company, of Alliance, and a director in the Alliance Clay Product Company ; Dayton C., a contractor and builder, under whose supervision the new plant of the company has just been completed; Mabel, who is the wife of Clark Schneeberger, of the Morgan Engineering Company ; and Eva, who is the wife of George Miller, with the Sharcr Furniture Company. WILLIAM ANTRAM. It is doubtful if any of the early settlers occupied a more conspicuous place and did more for the upbuilding and development of old Mount Union than the late William Antram. Both he and his wife, Maria (Holloway) Antram, were among the citizens whose memories deserve to remain long and receive recognition for their activities and character. Both William Antram and his wife were natives of Ohio. She was born at Old Lexington in Stark County in 1823, while he was born in Columbiana County in 1812. William's father was Jesse Antram of Fayette County, Pennsylvania. He spent a year or two in Ohio about 1812, and then returned to Pennsylvania, and William grew up in Fayette County. His wife was a daughter of Job Holloway, who also spent a year or two in Stark County, and was killed while erecting a sawmill on the river at Old Lexington. After his death his widow returned to Fayette County, Pennsylvania. William and Maria were married about 1840, and in 1844 removed to Stark County. His wife's mother had acquired an interest in a tract of land in Stark County which had been entered from the Government during the '30s, and it was to locate on this land that William and Maria Antram came to Stark County. The land, 160 acres, was solidly covered with timber, and was located a mile west of the present Square at Mount Union. A considerable part of the tract is still in heavy timber. In 1844 Mount Union was an insignificant little hamlet located on the state road, and possessed only one small hotel. William and wife came from Pennsylvania in wagons and they lived at the hotel until he could erect a small log cabin, to which they moved in the fall of 1844. In 1851 the substantial frame was erected which is still standing as one of the landmarks in that part of the country. William Antram built a sawmill at Mount Union on the site of the present Stroup Lumber Yard. While managing the farm he also operated the mill, and for forty-five years was the principal lumber manufacturer in Mount Union. He also operated a lath mill, and cut the lumber for the building of most of the houses in early Mount Union. In the meantime he improved sixty acres of his farm and finally had 120 acres under cultivation. On that old homestead he passed away after a life of unusual activity and usefulness in July, 1894, at the age of eighty-two. He had continued to be active in the work of his mill until past the age of seventy-five. He put up several houses in the town, and was 1036 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY always public spirited and unselfish in his efforts. He took stock in the first railroad built to Alliance and owned that stock until his death. He also helped build the first church and both the old seminary and the college. He was ot a church member, but was generous in his support of religion and philanthropic undertakings. In politics he was a republican until 1872, when he voted for Greeley, and after that was a regular democrat. He never held an office and believed in the principle that the office should seek the man instead of the man the offIce. His widow survived until March, 1901, when she was eighty-three years of age. She had lived for nearly sixty years on the old farm. She was reared in the Hicksite Quaker Church, but was not married in that faith, and thereafter had o active connections with it. The ten children born to William and Maria Antram were as follows: John T., who was a mill operator and railroad man, died at the age of fifty years; Samuel E., who lived on the old farm; Nathan L., a farmer, who died at the age of fifty; Martha A., wife of Erskine Allison of Mount Union; Henry W., a retired citizen of Mount Union; Albert L., a farmer in Adair County, Iowa; Ira W., a farmer in Stark County; Lizzie, wife of Wilbur Galbraith of Mahoning County; and two children that died in infancy. JOHN G. UNKEFER. One of the business corporations that lend distinction to Stark County industrial affairs is the John G. Unkefer & Company, builders and general contractors, whose home offices are at Minerva. The president and general manager is John G. Unkefer, of an old and well known family in that section of Stark and Carroll counties. Mr. Unkefer has had fully a quarter of a century of active experience in carrying out contracts involving the expenditure of many millions of dollars throughout the eastern portion of the United States. his firm is ow noted as one of the largest in the United States specializing in the construction of Government buildings. Though a native of the Village of Minerva, John G. Unkefer was born on the Carroll County side of that village on December 1, 1864. His paternal great-grandfather John Unkefer was a native of Maryland, came to Stark County in the very early pioneer period, locating in the vicinity of Minerva. The paternal grandfather, Frederick Unkefer, was born in New Franklin, Stark County, but subsequently became the owner of large tracts of land ad joining the Village of Minerva in Carroll County. As one of the prosperous men of that locality he did much for its upbuilding, and donated the land for the cemetery, while the present Minerva Fair Grounds are located on a tract once owned by him. Jeremiah G. Unkefer, father of John G., was born at Minerva in Carroll County in 1821 and died in 1894. He married Susan E. Perdue, who was horn at Minerva also on the Carroll County side in September, 1837, and is still living, making her home with a daughter in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Her father, John T. Perdue, came from his native State of Maryland to Minerva, and was a pioneer banker in that village, being for many years senior member of the firm of J. T. Perdue & Company, bankers. His associate in the business was a son-in-law HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1037 Jeremiah G. Unkefer. Previous to his banking experience Jeremiah Unkefer kept a stock of merchandise at Minerva. In 1882 the bank liquidated its affairs, and after that Mr. Unkefer re-entered merchandising but retired and gave up all his active business affairs in 1900. It was in the little community of Minerva where he ow has his business offices, that John G. Unkefer was reared and educated. In 1883, at the age of nineteen, he acquired his first experience in the engineering profession, by joining the engineer corps engaged in surveying the railway line from Alliance to Bergholtz, Ohio, the engineer in charge being Carl Bergholtz. In 1884 he accompanied Mr. Bergholtz to New York City and assisted in surveying a line from New York to Danbury, Connecticut, known as the New York, Danbury and Boston. The same year, however, he returned to Minerva and for the following two years read law in the office of John F. Jerome. In that time he convinced himself that the proper field for his energies did not lie in the legal profession, and he again took up engineering, joining the staff of the late Col. George E. Waring, the construction and sanitary engineer of interrounational fame. Colonel Waring made Mr. Unkefer his assistant in charge of the construction of the sewerage system at East Liverpool, Ohio. In 1890, still under Colonel Waring, he built the canal at Middlesboro, Kentucky. He next became sales engineer for the Calumet Fire Clay Company and the Empire Clay Company in Ohio, and when these and many other plants were combined into the Central Sewer Pipe Company of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, Mr. Unkefer was made assistant manager of the corporation. In 1894, a little more than twenty years ago, Mr. Unkefer entered the field of general contracting where his most important successes have been won. In New York City he became a member of the firm of Tate & Company. At that time Colonel Waring was attracting much attention all over the country by his efficiency as New York's commissioner of streets. Partly due to his influence the firm of Tate & Company was awarded the contract for removing the snow from the streets of the city during the winter of 1895-96, this being the first time a contract for the removal of sow had ever been awarded to a private firm of contractors. In the spring of 1896 Mr. Unkefer became a member of the firm of McIlvain & Unkefer, contractors, operating in New York City but with their main offices at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. This firm constructed the United States Government Building at Paterson, New Jersey, in 1896-98, and during the same period built the Brockton (Massachusetts) Postoffice and in 1898-1900 they completed the Norfolk (Virginia) Postoffice and courthouse. In 1900-01 they completed the South Carolina State Capitol at Columbia. In 1901 this firm was dissolved, since which time Mr. Unkefer conducted business under his own name until April 30, 1913. when it was incorporated as John G. Unkefer & Company, with himself as president and manager. Mr. Unkefer erected the buildings, seventeen in number, for the Mountain Branch National Soldiers Home. at Johnson City, Tennessee, in 1902-04, these buildings costing from $40,000 to $165,000 each, making the total contract nearly $2,000,000. Mr. Unkefer also installed all the mechanical equipment. In 1904-05 he built the postoffice building 1038 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY at Chillicothe, Ohio, the high school at Miamisburg, Ohio, and Carnegie Hall at Moore's Hill, Indiana. In 1907-08 he constructed the Ironton (Ohio) County Courthouse; in 1908 the Butler (Pennsylvania) High School and East Liverpool (Ohio) Postoffice. Beginning in 1908 and continuing through 1909-10 he constructed the Carlisle (Pennsylvania) Postoffice Building, the Ford City (Pennsylvania) High School, the Marion (Ohio) Postoffice Building, the Wabash (Indiana) Postoffice Building, the Athens (Ohio) Postoffice Building and began the Delaware (Ohio) Postoffice. After that followed in rapid succession the postoffice at Steelton, Pennsylvania, the Washington (North Carolina) Courthouse, the Morgantown (West Virginia) Postoffice, the Homestead (Pennsylvania) Postoffice, the Butler (Pennsylvania) Postoffice, the Danville (Kentucky) Postoffice, the Frankfort (Kentucky) Postoffice, the W inchester (Kentucky) Postoffice, Bellefontaine (Ohio) Postoffice, the gynasium building at Danville, Kentucky. Since the incorporation of the firm there have been constructed the postoffices at Fulton, New York, Courtland, New York and Piqua, Ohio, and the immense plant of the Highland Milk Condensing Company at Minerva, Ohio, where the buildings cover more than an acre of ground. At the present writing the firm has under way the postoflices at Middlesboro, Kentucky, and Laurel, Mississippi, the postoffice and federal courthouse at Charlotte, North Carolina, the last being a $200,000 contract. On December 2, 1915, the company was awarded the contract for constructing the Elyria (Ohio) Postoffice. Mr. Unkefer supervises all his company 's operations, buys material, and by the range of his material and achievements is easily one of the foremost contracting engineers in the country. The firm has facilities for mechanically equipping all the buildings constructed, even to the details of plumbing, heating, etc. In his home town Mr. Unkefer has long been regarded as a leading citizen. He is affiliated with the Blue Lodge of Masons at Minerva, and also belongs to Allegheny Commandery No. 35, Knights Templar, in Pennsylvania, the Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite, and the Alhambra Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Chattaooga, Tennessee. JOHN BRADY BOWMAN, A. M. The dean of Mount Union College, Alliance, John Brady Bowman, A. M., may be numbered among those men who overcome circumstances and shape their own lives. With o financial assistance or other favoring influences in his youth, he nevertheless inherited from his parents the best of legacies, health, industry and integrity, and these, united to temperance, thrift, and shrewd intelligence, were the equipment with which he won his way to his present success in life. While he has borne a large share of the labors of professional and public life, accomplishing not less for the public welfare than for his own advantage, he has at the same time preserved his love of letters, his pursuit of manly and invigorating pastimes, and his indulgence in the amenities of a gentle and refined life. Dean Bowman was born on a farm in Osnaburg Township, Stark County, Ohio, October 5, 1865, and is a son of Jonathan and Eliza (Kelley) Bowman. The father was born in the same township, in 1821, HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1039 a son of Samuel Bowman, who came as a pioneer to Stark County in 1817, from near Reading, Pennsylvania, and here passed the remainder of his life as a tiller of the soil, the old home farm, one and one-half miles west of Robertsville, still being in the family name, the possession of Isaac Bowman, the youngest of the pioneer's sons. Both paternal grandparents are buried in the Lutheran Cemetery at Mapleton. Of their twelve children, ten reached years of maturity, but only two ow survive: Isaac and Benjamin, the latter a resident of Aurora, Iowa. The sons were all farmers, and Daniel, David, Isaac and Jonathan reared families in Stark County, their descendants being found in Osnaburg and Canton townships. The mother of Dean Bowman was a daughter of Col. Richard Kelley, who came to Ohio in 1819, engaged in farming, and died at the age of fifty-six years. He was one of the prominent men of his community, was a colonel in the old state militia, and a leading whig, being well informed on subjects of the day, although never a seeker for political preferment. He was a devout member of the Methodist Church, in which he was for many years a class leader. The first meetings in his community of that deomination were held at his home and a large church was started on his farm, but subsequently was established at Paris, where it is ow located, and of which he was the first class leader and for many years a trustee. One of his sons, Washington, served as a soldier in the Union army during the war between the North and the South. His daughter, Eliza, was born on the Kelley homestead in 1827, met and married Mr. Bowman, October 20, 1850, in that vicinity, and continued to reside on the same property until her death in 1906, Mr. Bowman having bought the farm. He lived on this property for fifty-eight years, or until his death in 1908, when eighty- seven years of age, and did much to add to its value, increasing its acreage and making many improvements. He carried on general farming and also devoted a part of his land to orchards, and was kown as one of the substantial men of Osnaburg Township. Jonathan Bowman was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church from the time of his marriage, and was a class leader and Sunday school worker for a long period. For thirteen years he was a member of the board of education, and during that time did much to improve the public school system. Mrs. Bowman, who took an active part in church work throughout her life, was a true friend in time of sickness or trouble, and was greatly beloved by the people of the neighborhood in which she lived for so many years. Six children were born to Jonathan and Eliza Bowman : Mary, who is the wife of Isaac Clapper and resides on the old Kelley homestead ; Sadie, who is the wife of Daniel Myers, of Osnaburg; Martha, who is now deceased, was the wife of Elijah Riley, also deceased; a son who died in infancy; John Brady, of this review; and Homer Kelley, who married Alice Henning, daughter of the Rev. G. W. Henning, of the Reformed Church, and lived on the old home until his death in 1908. John Brady Bowman resided on the old homestead until he was twenty years of age, and was given his preliminary schooling in the district schools of Osnaburg Township. He was nineteen years of age 1040 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY when he began teaching, thus securing the means wherewith to attend Mount Union College, where he was graduated from the classical course in 1892, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and from which institution he received the degree of Master of Arts in 1903. His college education was not secured without difficulty, for his means were limited and he boarded himself for more than half of his college career. He was an earnest and assidous student, but found time to enjoy the pleasures of college life, being a member of the Alpha Tau Omega fraternity and the Republican Literary Society, and second lieutenant of the college cadets. When he had graduated from Mount Union College, Dean Bowman secured a professorship at Volant College, Volant, Pennsylvania, where for four years he taught Latin and mathematics. This was followed by two years as president of Mount Hope College, and in 1899 he was called to the presidency of the Northeastern Ohio Normal College. In 1902 Dean Bowman came to Mount Union College, as professor of education, and continues to occupy that chair in connection with his work as dean. For four years bursar of the college, he was elected dean in 1912, and in this capacity directs the classification of students, and the administration of the curriculums of the college. From the first he has been an earnest promoter of the cause of education, and for a number of years has been an active member of the National Education Association, the Ohio Teachers Association, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, faithfully giving his time and thought and work to the cause which enlisted the earliest sympathies of his boyhood and the matured interest of his later life. Dean Bowman is pre-eminently literary and cultured. His public addresses are along educational lines, and he is frequently called upon to deliver commencement and educational addresses. That he has entered thoroughly into the life of the college, is shown by his interest in and kowledge of athletics, and his services as chairman of the board of athletics; his interest in literary societies and fraternity life, and all sides of college activities. He has taken no small part in the civic activities of Alliance, being a member of the Good Government League, the Alliance Chamber of Commerce, and the Federated Churches of Alliance. He is a republican in politics, a member of the Alliance McKinley Club, and an active worker in the temperance cause, being chairman of the local "Dry Federation Committee" and vice chairman of the county organization in the campaigns for state-wide prohibition in 1914 and 1915, each time carrying the city by a large majority for the "dry" cause. His religious belief is that of the Methodist Church, and for nine years he has served as superintendent of the Union Avenue M. E. Sunday School of Alliance, and for many years has been a trustee of the church and chairman of the finance committee. Personally, Dean Bowman is of unaffected manner and his temperament is quickly sympathetic, and, while he is deservedly honored by the high profession to which he belongs, he is warmly beloved by a wide circle of personal friends. Dean Bowman was married in 1892 to Miss Hattie May Wert, who died in 1899. In 1901 he was married to Miss Nellie Mae Whitney, a graduate of Westminster College, New Wilmington, Pennsylvania, and HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1041 a lady of many graces and talents, who takes an active part in church, social and club life, and is a member of the College Women's Club. She was formerly a music teacher at Canfield and other places, and still retains her interest in music, being a talented performer on the piano, mandolin and guitar and the possessor of a beautiful and cultivated voice. To Dean Bowman there have been born two sons: Everett Blaine, aged twenty years, a junior at Mount Union College; and Donald Whitney, aged nine years. EDWIN SHERMAN CORRELL. While Stark County has its great factories and business houses, industrial centers and cities, its agricultural enterprise also aggregates resources that are hardly second to any other one department of productive activities. Out in the farming districts are a number of men who are prosperous and progressive and who believe that the happiest life as well as the most independent one is to be lived on a farm. An example that many will regard as much more than typical of success and prominence is Edwin Sherman Correll, who represents a family which for many years has been hoored and respected and has been identified with the industry, business integrity and high character of Stark County citizenship. Edwin Sherman Correll was born December 14, 1864, on a farm in Canton Township, known as Buck Hill. When six months old his parents, Josiah and Mary (Mentzer) Correll, moved to a farm orth of Canton on what is kown as the North Market Road extension. Both parents were natives of Stark County, and the origin of the family in this county goes back to pioneer times. There were five children, namely : Charles G., Edwin S., Minnie M., Nettie J. and Lillie L. Edwin Sherman Correll spent the first seven years of his early manhood in the schoolroom as a successful and popular teacher of that generation of boys and girls in Stark County, but for twenty years or more has been successfully identified with agricultural enterprise. Mr. Correll was married April 4, 1894, to Mary Elizabeth Firestone. They were married at the home of the bride in Plain Township. Her parents were Hiram and Margaret (McDowell) Firestone, old and highly esteemed residents of Plain Township, both now deceased. The home in which Mr. and Mrs. Correll were married stands on land taken up from the Government by great-grandfather Firestone more than a century ago. Mr. and Mrs. Correll have two children : Wilber D., born March 10, 1895, is now a student in Ames College at Ames, Iowa ; Harold F., born May 18, 1897, is now in the Central High School at Canton. Mr. Correll is a republican in party affiliations, is a member of the Grange, and in religion is a Progressive United Brethren. His farm comprises 132 acres of as fine land as can be found anywhere in Ohio. It is located about the four corners of the little village called Middle Branch. As a country home it is ideal, and in improvements has few equals anywhere in Stark County. The house and barns and other improvements probably cost in the aggregate $15.000. All the buildings are new and modern. In 1909 Mr. Correll built a fine barn on a foundation 94x42 feet, with a cement floor basement under all, and that is fitted up for stock feeding. From the main floor to the 1042 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY roof the barn is thirty-three feet in height. Mr. Correll is regarded as one of the largest stock breeders in Stark County and has all the facilities for the successful operation of his business. RALPH STALEY. In 1913 the citizens of the Seventh Ward of Canton selected as their representative in the city council Ralph Staley, who is one of the prominent younger men of Canton, but already in his career has found many opportunities for service both to himself and to his native community. For the past two years he has been actively identified with municipal affairs, is popular among his fellow councilmen, and is especially esteemed in the Seventh Ward, which lies in the northwest residential section of Canton. Mr. Staley was elected as a republican. So well pleased with his work in the council were the people of his ward that he was re-elected in 1915. During his first term he served as chairman of Parks and Public Lighting Committee and as a member of the Sewerage and Garbage Committee and Law and Claims Committee. He was born in Canton June 18, 1884, a son of the late Marcus and Rosa Staley. His mother is still living. Marcus Staley, a native of New York City, came to Canton in 1882. He was an expert machinist by trade, and for a period of twenty-three years was employed at Canton by the Wheeling and Lake Erie Railroad. He went to that road when it was kown as the C. C. & S. I., and among other work he assisted in widening the tracks from narrow to standard gauge. He was still in the employ of the Wheeling & Lake Erie at the time of his death in 1906. He was an active member of the Christian Church, of the Woodmen of the World, and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. As a youth Ralph Staley acquired his education in the Canton City schools, being graduated in the commercial course from the Central High School in 1900. That same year he started an apprenticeship at the machinist's trade with the Wheeling and Lake Erie Railroad. His employment continued until 1906, the year of his father's death,- and since then he has been one of the experts employed in the mechanical department of the Timken Roller Bearing Manufacturing Company. In 1907 he was promoted foreman of the tool department. Mr. Staley is a popular member of Canton Lodge No. 262, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; Lily Lodge of the Knights of Pythias and Patrick Henry Lodge No. 84, Junior Order of United American Mechanics. He has a wife and son and lives in a comfortable home in the Seventh Ward. Mrs. Staley before her marriage was Miss Nellie Volzer, also a native of Canton. Her father, John Volzer, was for many years connected with the old C. Aultman Company, and is ow livIng retired. To their marriage was born one son, Marcus John, on July 14, 1908. COL. WILLIAM W. KING. It was the distinguishing characteristic of the late Col. William W. King. who died at his home in Alliance April 4, 1915, that he not only touched at many points the life of his community, his state and nation, but that whatever he did he did well, with a steadfast loyalty, with a high idealism, and with a resolute purpose quite unmixed with overweening ambition or with selfish motives. HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1043 He should be remembered for his brave and faithful service during the Civil war, for his success as a merchant both at Alliance and elsewhere, and for his efficient discharge of the duties of public office. Born in Butler Township, Columbiana County, Ohio, April 14, 1843, he lacked only ten days of reaching his seventy-second birthday at the time of his death. his parents, George and Sarah (Taylor) King, came to Ohio about 1830 when children. Grandfather William King was a farmer and as a pioneer cleared up a large amount of land in Columbiana County. George King, the father of Colonel King, was a shoemaker by trade, and about 1855 moved with his family to Homeworth, Columbiana County, where in addition to following his trade he opened a store, and this mercantile enterprise had a. splendid development until it employed a force of from three to five men. George King, after a long and successful business career, died at Homeworth in 1904 at the advanced age of ninety years and three months. His wife passed away at the age of seventy. George King also did a successful business in the lending of money and in making judicious investments his foresight was regarded as remarkable. He and his wife reared two sons and four daughters to maturity, and the late Colonel King was survived by three sisters: Mrs. John Sheehan, Mrs. Dalton Brosius and Mrs. E. J. Anderson. William W. King received a public school education, and when seventeen years of age began his business career as clerk in a store at Homeworth. He had been thus employed about a year when the Civil war broke out. On November 14, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Company K, Forty-third Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry. The year and three months he spent with the Forty-third Regiment was largely in the "West, and on March 3, 1862, at New Madrid, Missouri, he was severely wounded and later was discharged on account of wounds. This regiment was in the First Brigade and the First Division of the Army of Mississippi, and also took part in those operations under General Pope including the siege of Island No. 10. He was also in the battle of Shiloh, where he was wounded by a musket ball in the right thigh, and that was the immediate cause of his honorable discharge in September, 1862. On May 2, 1864, he enlisted in the 1.00 days' service and became second lieutenant in the One Hundred and Fifty-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was the only man in his company who had been in active service and knew the manual of arms. The regiment was sent to Relay Barracks. near Baltimore, and was engaged chiefly in guard duty until the expiration of its term on September 2, 1864. On October 18, 1864, Colonel King was commissioned by the governor as captain of Company D, Twenty-fifth Ohio Infantry, raised a company at Alliance and at once went to Beaufort, South Carolina. He then engaged in the almost constant fighting to prevent the Confederates from sending troops against Sherman, and in one action in which his command was next to the flag, Captain King lost forty-three men out of his company. He was wounded four times at Honeyhill, South Caroplina. November 30. 1864, and at Pocatello Bridge, in December, 1864, while leading his company was again wounded, the bullet entering the lower part of his left arm in which his sword was held aloft while giving 1044 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY orders to his men, and the ball then followed the skin around to his right shoulder blade, entered under the blade and lodged next the shoulder bone, where it remained until his death. Being sent home to recuperate, Colonel King boarded the train and while en route December 23, 1864, the train went through a bridge and he was dangerously injured, breaking his leg and receiving a number of minor hurts. While in hospital he was reported dead, and his friends at Homeworth met and held a funeral service in his memory. Some weeks later he returned to contradict the premature report as to his death. However, it was a year and a half before he could walk again and lie was finally mustered out of the army April 25, 1865. After recovering from his injuries Colonel King resumed work as clerk in a store at Salem, Ohio, but in 1867 came to Alliance and with his brother G. J. King opened a store and engaged in the sale of dry goods and also did business as merchant tailors. The firm of King & Company continued its business until 1880, when G. J. King sold out to his brother, and was one of Canton's active merchants until his death in 1913. On his removal to Alliance Colonel King began housekeeping in a home near the one in which he died at 205 South Arch Avenue. He never changed his residence from that one locality, and in 1876 he built a home at Union Avenue and Main Street. For a time Colonel King was also in business as a general merchant at Paris, and also for a year or two at his old home town of Homeworth. From April 1, 1882, he was continuously identified with the merchant tailoring business at Alliance and built up a large and flourishing enterprise, whieli he continued until his retirement in 1906. His business record covered thirty- eight years, and at all times he merited the esteem and confidence in which he was held by his associates and patrons.. Though he had given several years of his young manhood to the cause of his country he never relaxed his interest in public affairs. In 1906 he was elected county recorder of Stark County, was re-elected and served five years. For one year he held the office of safety director at Alliance under Mayor J. H. McConnell. He was appointed to fill the vacancy caused by the death of township clerk Collar in Lexington Township, and was regularly elected in 1913, an office he filled until his death. He was frequently a delegate to republican conventions, and in many ways was a factor in the success of his party. From 1868 he was one of the enthusiastic members of John C. Fremont Post of the Grand Army of the Republic, was a past commander and served in every other position in the Post, and attended many state and national reunions. He spent several years in the war and again and again had hazarded his life in performance of duty, but he seldom discussed his war experiences even among his old comrades, though late in life he would respond to the interest of his grandchildren and relate many incidents of war time to them. He was one of the last survivors of the Twenty-fifth Regiment of Ohio, which had recruited more than 3,000 men into its ranks. For several years during its existence Colonel King was a member of the Grays at Alliance, being captain of a company, and subsequently became lieutenant colonel of the Eighth Regiment, Ohio National Guards, and under the administra- HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1045 tion of Governor Thomas L. Young was appointed colonel. He gave about fifteen years to the state military, was on duty during the strikes of 1876, and finally resigned his post as colonel when the Eighth and Ninth regiments were consolidated. He always believed in the value of fraternalism, and was a member of various orders. He was affiliated with Conrad Lodge No. 271, Free and Accepted Masons, Canton Commandery, Knights Templar; was a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason; belonged to Alliance Lodge No. 266, Independent Order of Odd Fellows; Alliance Lodge No. 467, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; Alliance Independent Order of Foresters and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He was reared in the faith of the Presbyterian Church. His funeral services were conducted under the auspices of the Grand Army of the Republic, in which he had long been so conspicuous a figure. In 1868, at Homeworth, Ohio, Colonel King married Miss Catherine King. Though they had the same family name they were ot related. Of their children two sons and one daughter reached maturity. The son George Garland is purchasing agent for The Alliance Machine Company. William T. is president of The Alliance Dry Cleaning Company and is also proprietor of a moving picture theater at Cleveland. The daughter Iva is the wife of J. F. McGrath, of Alliance, who is at the head of a chain of grocery stores in Alliance and elsewhere. EDWARD J. ZAHNER. For a number of years Canton has proved a magnet to attract outside industries to this city, whose eligibility for manufacturing purposes is conspicuous. Canton has the threefold advantage of being close to the source of raw material and fuel supply, furnishes the environment of a high class industrial community, and has the location and transportation facilities that are ideal for distributing manufactured products. One of the most recent testimonials to these advantages is furnished in the case of the Zahner Metal Sash and Door Company, behind which are a prominent group of former Kansas City manufacturers. While this is one of Canton's younger firms, it is already recognized as one of the most important. The Zahner Metal Sash and Door Company of Canton was organized and incorporated under its present form in August, 1914. Its capital stock is $600,000. The executive officers are: Edward J. Zahner, president; K. W. Zahner, vice president; J. P. S. Morgan, vice president and treasurer, and in addition to these the other directors are W. E. Zahner of Kansas City and J. B. Immler. The company is an outgrowth of and a successor to the old Zahner & Battell Company of Kansas City, manufacturers of sheet metal specialties. The building departments of that company were later consolidated with the Ritzier Manufacturing Company of Kansas City, thus forming the Monarch Manufacturing Company. This company was removed to Canton in April, 1914, and in August of that year the Zahner Metal Sash and Door Company was organized to take over the plant and business of the Monarch concern. The Zahner Company's buildings are of steel-re-enforced concrete. They were erected under the personal supervision of officers of the company, and were completed in the incredibly short space of fifty-five days. The 1046 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY main building is 80 by 470 feet, part of same, 80 to 200, being two stories with an addition completed in 1915 of 60 by 120 feet. How important this industry is, is indicated by the fact that fully 300 employees find work and good wages in the industry. The principal manufacturing output comprises hollow metal doors, interior trimmings for offices, public buildings and residences, manufactured on patents developed within the company's own organization. It is a live, vigorous and prospering concern. The president of this company is a young man who has had a great deal of manufacturing experience. He was born in Kansas City, Missouri, April 7, 1882, son of William E. and Frances (Reboulet) Zahner. In the paternal line he is of Swiss stock, his grandfather having removed from Switzerland to Germany before coming to the United States. On the mother's side the Reboulets come from Northern France, and Mr. Zahner's mother was born in the Province of Alsace, originally French but now part of the German Empire. William E. Zahner, who was born in 1848, came to America in 1855 when seven years of age, his family locating in Louisville, Kentucky. About the close of the Civil war he moved to Kansas City. Missouri, and for many years William E. has been prominent in both manufacturing and banking affairs in Kansas City, where he still resides. Edward J. Zahner received his early education in the Kansas City public schools, and when still a boy began an apprenticeship at the sheet metal trade under his father. Having served his apprenticeship and gained a technical proficiency in the work, he was made superintendent of outside work in the city and surrounding territory for his father's company. Later he was elected vice president of the old Zahner & Battell Manufacturing Company, having charge of its building departments. With the organization of the Monarch Metal Manufacturing Company he became its secretary, treasurer and general manager, was largely influential in transferring this industry to Canton, and became the first president of the Zahner Metal Sash and Door Company. Mr. Zahner is a member of the Canton. Congress Lake and Lakeside Country clubs, is active in the Canton Chamber of Commerce. and is affiliated with the Knights of Columbus. He married Edna Graf, who was born in Kansas City, Missouri. Their one daughter is named Frances Jane. JAMES G. BARBOUR. To achieve commercial success and attain a commanding place in the business world is not an easy task in any live community, but when achieved it brings its own reward. Among the successful men of Stark County. Ohio, is James G. Barbour, secretary of the Metropolitan Paving Brick Company, of Canton, whose career is well worthy of emulation by aspiring youth. Mr. Barbour was born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, November 6, 1863. his parents being Joseph and Ann Jeanette (Hurlburt) Barbour. The father, Joseph, was a native of Londonderry, Ireland. Born in 1830, he came to America in 1845. when fifteen years old, with his parents and five brothers, the family settling in Pittsburg, where Joseph Barbour was identified with HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1047 the iron business until his death in 1903. His wife, who was born in Pittsburg, came of two old and prominent New England families. James G. Barbour, owing to the financial depression caused by the panic of 1877, was obliged to leave school at the age of fourteen years and contribute to his own support. He found work in a printing office, where he continued for some time, creating a favorable impression by his industry and intelligence. After the financial storm had passed and conditions had improved, he found opportunity to resume his studies and accordingly became a student in the University of Pittsburg, by which means his education was much improved. Subsequent to this he read law and for a number of years was in the real estate business, also acting as public accountant. In 1895 he came to Canton, Ohio, and became identified with the manufacture of brick as secretary of the Canton Company. This company was merged into the Metropolitan Paving Brick Company in 1902, Mr. Barbour becoming secretary of the new concern, which position he has since held, having also a financial interest in the company. His business ability having become widely recognized, in 1905 lie was appointed receiver of the Canton State Bank and wound up the affairs of that institution in a satisfactory manner. He has been president of the sinking fund commission for the school district ever since the commission was created and is ow its only surviving member. The Canton Chamber of Commerce numbers him among its most prominent and useful members, while he is socially affiliated with the Congress Lake and Lakeside Country clubs. Mr. Barbour was married in Canton, Ohio, to Elizabeth, daughter of William De Wees, one of Canton's well known and highly respected citizens. He and his wife are the parents of four children—Ann Jeanette, Elizabeth, Helen and James D. As an active and potent factor in the business life and development of Canton, Mr. Barbour occupies a prominent position, while both he and his family are of high standing in the best social circles of the city. WILLARD PENNOCK. Mention of this name at once suggests some of the largest manufacturing interests of Stark County and Eastern Ohio. Willard Penock entered the manufacturing field at Minerva forty years ago, and from one small plant has developed his interests to include connection with many of the leading industries and mercantile and financial affairs of both Minerva and Canton. Mr. Pennock not only possesses that genius for business organization which is said to be typical of America, but is also an originator and inventor, and the basis of his success and prosperity was laid in the manufacturing of the products of his own mind and genius. Willard Pennock like many men who have risen to prominence in industrial fields was born on a farm. His birthplace was in Carroll County, Ohio, where he first saw the light of day July 21, 1852. His parents were Joel and Sharlott (Van Horn) Pennock, old residents of Carroll County. His father died in 1885 at the age of sixty-six and his mother in 1906. The common schools of Carroll County supplied the educational equipment with which Willard Pennock began life, and at the age of Vol III-19 1048 - HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY sixteen he left the farm to become clerk in a Minerva hardware store. During the winter of 1872-73 he was engaged in prospecting in the oil regions of Pennsylvania. In 1874 he and his brother I. N. Penock formed the firm of Pennock Brothers, rented an old foundry that was originally built by Joshua Malin in 1835 at Minerva for the manufacture of agricultural implements, the owner from whom they rented being unable to make the business profitable. At the beginning it was hardly an industry that excited much comment or attention and was one of the very lesser concerns of Stark County. They had a little capital and prosecuted their business on a sound financial plan, but their personal enterprise and energy were the chief factors in their success, together with the originating faculty of Willard Penock. In 1879 they increased their capita] and extended their operations to the manufacture of railroad freight cars. This proved a most profitable departure. March 10, 1880, their plant was entirely destroyed by fire, the insurance going to the owner of the realty. They immediately purchased a larger tract of land and built a new plant, and were in operation delivering finished cars within thirty days after the fire on a contract closed March 9th, the day before the fire, and from that time the industry overshadowed all others in the Village of Minerva. Willard Penock later perfected a type of pressed steel railroad ear, and began the manufacture of this car under patent secured to his own name. Every railroad company in the country ow runs hundreds of the heavy and serviceable steel cars over its line, but the beginning of the business was in the factory of Pennock Brothers in the little Town of Minerva. In 1898 the brothers sold the wood car business to the American Car & Foundry Company, and the patent controlled by Mr. Pennock was leased to the Pressed Steel Car Company. For several years thereafter Mr. Penock was engaged in different parts of the country in introducing the pressed steel car, associated with the Carnegie Steel Company and the Illiois Steel Company. In this field of business he has therefore been active both in the manufacture and introduction of the steel car. Mr. Pennock began his career as an inventor about 1876, and altogether has secured patents on about fifty designs and types of iron, steel and wood inventions. Nearly all these patents have been manufactured and a number of them are still on the market. Since 1898 Mr. Penock has been identified officially with the management of between fifteen and twenty manufacturing enterprises, both in Stark County and elsewhere. In 1908 be assisted in the organization of the Canton Steel Foundry Company, which took over the business of the Shull Steel Casting Company of that city. The Canton Steel Foundry Company was incorporated in 1909, with Mr. Penock as president, F. J. Borden, vice president, R. D. Snively, secretary, and E. G. Van Horn as treasurer. This company has the facilities for manufacturing acid open hearth steel castings, with an annual capacity of 15,000 tons, the output of their plant goes principally to the machinery manufacturers, steel mills and the rubber industries of Eastern Ohio. Mr. Pennock is also president of the Minerva Manufacturing Corn- HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY - 1049 pany, and president of the Minerva Savings & Trust Company. He is a member of the Canton Club, the Canton Chamber of Commerce, the Tri-County Improvement Association of Minerva, and the Lincoln Highway Association. Mr. Penock married Florence Foster. Her father was the late Henry A. Foster, for many years a leading merchant of Minerva and a man of prominence both in that section of Stark County and of Carroll County. To this union have been born two daughters, Mary, wife of J. R. Calerdine of Cincinnati; and Helen K., living at home. WILLIAM H. CAVNAH. Through three generations the Cavnah family has been connected with the industrial life of Canton, where they have lived more than fourscore years. A high degree of mechanical genius seems to run through the family, and supplementing this there has been an ability to found and carry out extensive business plans, so that the name has been a prominent one in connection with several of Canton's largest manufacturing plants. The founder of the family in Canton was Samuel Cavnah, who came to the city in 1832. A wheelwright by trade, he worked at that occupation as a journeyman until 1850, and in that year engaged in the manufacture of furniture. He began in a small way, doing his work with an old-style foot-lathe. By 1861, such progress had been made that he was employing a force of about twenty-five workmen, and carried a stock of furniture valued at $10,000. From 1861 on he was in the wholesale trade, and five years later sold out and removed to Indiana. The late Henry A. Cavnah, a son of Samuel, was born in Canton in 1844, grew up in that city, gained his education in the local schools, and early became identified with his father's business, at which he remained until 1861. The outbreak of the Civil war interrupted his plans for continued business, and in 1861 he enlisted for the three years service in Company 1 of the Sixty-fourth Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry. When his regular term of enlistment expired he veteranized and continued until after the cessation of hostilities between the North and the South. At the battle of Stone River he was promoted to sergeant, and in 1864 was detailed chief clerk of Cumberland Hospital. He was present at some of the greatest battles of the war, including Shiloh, the siege of Corinth, Stone River, Tullahoma, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, Koxville, the Atlanta Campaign, and the battle of Nashville. He was on his way to Richmond when peace was concluded. He remained with the army throughout 1865 and was mustered out at Richmond in January, 1866. Following the war came a short time spent in Texas, after which he joined his father at Bourbon, Indiana, for about four years. On returning to Canton he became bookkeeper for H. H. Myers. and spent more than five years in his service, finally leaving to accept the position of chief bookkeeper for the Bucher & Gibbs Plow Company. He was thereafter one of the business builders in that important Canton industry. He became secretary and treasurer and still later president and general manager of the company, and held those offices at the time of his death