No. Pupils	Amt. P 'd
Samuel Tylee Sylvester Tylee Hugh Dunn Timothy Roberts Timothy Roberts Jr Iddo Bailey James Frazier Samuel Frazier William Parrish Thomas Kennedy Edward Hanna David Bailey William Smith Giles Clark Jehyel Roberts William Veach William Randall John Cleaver	4 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 9 1 1 2 1 1 1 1	$10.52 5.11 3.85 4.13 3.29 2.55 7.41 5.00 1.44 2.55 3.84 2.55 3.70 5.11 2.85 2.55 4.98 4.60

It is of local interest to know that direct descendants of nearly every one of the aforesaid patrons of the Asael 604 - HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY Adams school are living today in Hubbard and Youngstown. Asael Adams came from Canterbury, Connecticut, with his father to Trumbull County in 1800. He was then 14 years of age. When 18 he opened a private school in Hubbard, November 2, 1804. The next year he taught a school in Cleveland. Some of the grandsons of the pioneer school teacher are Asael E. Adams, president of the Dollar Savings & Trust Company of Youngstown, Fred W. Adams of Warren, George Dana Adams, president of the Cleveland Bag Company, with branches at Akron, Detroit and Buffalo; Comfort Avery Adams, professor of electrical engineering, of Harvard University. That teacher this term of school boarded 27 days at John Cleaver's and 27 days at William Randall's, and 27 days at Edward Hanna's. That Adams, the young teacher, governed his school by kindness and gentleness is shown by the following written note sent by Samuel Tylee, the leading patron of the school and business man of the town, to the teacher. To Mr. Asael Adams, Feb. 11, 1805, 35 minutes after 2 o'clock. Sir—I have sent my son Sanford to school and would request you would be as tender to him as the nature of governing a school will admit. If he cannot be kept in school without disturbing it, be pleased to let me know and I will withdraw him from school. From your friend and humble servant, SAMUEL TYLEE. When life was simpler parents took more personal interest in the schools. They visited them. They upheld the hands of the teachers in various ways. They took the school into the home life and the child did not find, as it does now, that its affairs are apart. The district schoolhouse of Ohio has served its purpose well. For nearly a hundred years it has been an institution of the state. Three-fourths of the great men of Ohio had their early training at the little one room schoolhouse near their homes. There they were taught reading, writing and arithmetic. The long Walk across the fields to school made them hardy, and the birch rod inculcated in them the spirit to achieve success and reach the hall of fame. General Cyrus Bussey was born Oct. 5, 1833, in Hub- HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY - 505 bard, Trumbull County, 0. He was a grandson of Samuel Tylee. General Cyrus Bussey made a proud record in the Civil war of 1861-5, and was a state senator and also assistant secretary of the interior in the cabinet of President Harrison. Hubbard was one of the last towns to be organized in Trumbull County. It was as late as 1861 before the village was anything but a country crossroads. This township had more coal deposit than any other in the county and the business which arose therefrom made it a flourishing place. Many of the men who are now in business in Youngstown began their business life at Hubbard. Iron was manufactured there. Andrews and Hitchcock were two of Youngstown's men who accumulated property from Hubbard coal fields, and G. M. McKelvey of Youngstown began business in that place. The bank at Hubbard has always had fine standing and the newspapers have always been well patronized. In 1868 plans were made for establishing a free high school. A building costing $10,000 was finished in 1870. Among the early superintendents were S. Q. March, Alexander Campbell, J. L. Gillmer and D. A. Wilson. The schools at the time the village was incorporated became union schools. Unlike the history of the churches of most townships, the Methodist was one of the earliest in Hubbard. A class was formed by Rev. Noah Fidler in 1803. The members were Rev. Amos Smith, his wife; William Veach, his wife; Mr. Parish, his wife; Mr. Frazee, his wife; Amos Thomas, Joshua Snyder, William and Enos Burnett. After a little time another class was formed. The first was west of the center. The second was east of the center. Both were merged into the Hubbard church and in 1810 there were fifty members. In the early '50s these two churches dwindled in membership and a new building was erected at the village, costing $2200. Rev. S. K. Paden was the minister at that time, riding that circuit. The west church became a schoolhouse. The other was for many years used on occasions. The Methodist church of Liberty at this date has a goodly membership and is in a live condition. The Presbyterian church came soon after the Methodist, being organized the next year. As a rule, the Presbyterians have kept their records while the Methodists have not, but in 506 - HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY the case of Hubbard the Presbyterians have been quite as remiss as were the Methodists. Rev. James Satterfield was one of the early Presbyterian preachers and for fifty years he was an occasional preacher in the township. Among the early members were the families of Tylee, Clingham, McMoran, Porterfield, Jewell, Stewart, Love. John Jewell, Sylvester Tylee and William Clingham were the first elders. Their first church was a log one and stood near the graveyard. It was replaced by a frame building and in 1857 a new house was erected. There was a few Baptists from the beginning in Hubbard, but they did not grow and it was not until 1870 that they had any church building worth mentioning. This cost $7,000. The parsonage which belongs to the Lutherans now was once the property of the Baptists and was used by them for public worship. In 1819, at the house of Jesse Hall, a Baptist association was formed. Mr. Hall was an influential man. When the Christian Baptists began their work and Scott, Mitchell and others came to Warren the people in Hubbard became interested in the new doctrine and formed a Disciple church. Jesse and John Applegate were overseers and served in that capacity for twenty-five years. Mr. Applegate was one of the early preachers and besides serving the church at home, traveled very much abroad. The same men whose names have been mentioned as' preaching in almost every township in Trumbull County might be mentioned here. They were Scott, Bosworth, Lamphear, Smith and I. A. Thayer. In 1837 a yearly meeting was held in Hubbard which was the largest assembly of the kind ever held on the Western Reserve. The Rev. Mr. Campbell was there and a large number of converts were made. The church has always been in a prosperous condition. The Roman Catholics built a church in 1868 costing $3000. Revs. E. 0 'Callahan, Peter Becker, John T. Schaffield and J. Klute are among some of the priests who have served this parish. In 1870 a parish school was organized and this was enlarged in 1880 and given over to the sisters. The church is called St. Patrick's and the congregation is largely Irish, although there are a few Germans and some Italians. Because of the mines in Hubbard many of the residents were Welsh, and in 1865 a Welsh church was organized. Five years before this forty people organized a Welsh Baptist church. They held their meetings in the Protestant Methodist building, and in the late '70s bought the building for church pur- HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY - 507 poses. At one time the congregations of this denomination were very large. St. John's church, German Lutheran, was organized in 1867. Meetings had been held, however, earlier. A church was erected in 1871 costing about $3000, and at one time a German school was held in connection with the church. Coalburg is a hamlet in Hubbard township which was a lively place when coal was plenty. Here the principal cemetery of the township was located and many of the early residents were buried here. In the northern part of the township the Disciples had another graveyard. In Coalburg the Methodists, Welsh Baptists and Welsh congregations at different times held meetings. The son of William Burnett, Silas, was the first white child born in Hubbard. Jeremiah Wolf's daughter was the first white female child born in the township of Hubbard. Samuel Tylee was the first justice of the peace and he also built the first frame house. George Frazer built the first brick house in the township. Dr. Mitcheltree, of near Sharon, was the first physician. Sylvester Tylee was the first postmaster. The first distillery was also on his farm. The first carding mill was run by William Elliot. The first tannery was built by Jehiel Roberts. Dr. John Mitcheltree was the first merchant. His store was partly in Pennsylvania and partly in Ohio, but as he lived in the Ohio end it was right for that state to claim him. He was a physician and by combining his business with his profession lie accumulated a good deal of money. CHAPTER XLII.--JOHNSTON. CAPTAIN BRADLEY 'S FAMILY.-TWO MECHANICS.-THE HINE PARTY.-SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES. Nathan Moore surveyed number 6, in the second range, in 1802. Later this portion of the county was called "Johnston," after Captain James Johnston, of Salisbury, Connecticut, who originally purchased the tract from the Connecticut Land Company. It was not until 1816 that the first township election was held. Before that Mecca and Bazetta were attached to Johnston. Johnston was one of the earlier towns settled, James Bradley and his family arriving there in 1802. They came from the town of the proprietor, Salisbury, and were five or six weeks making the journey to Canfield, where they stopped. The family consisted of Captain Bradley, his wife, Asentha, three sons, Thaddeus, Moore Bird and Ariel. They proceeded from Canfield to Quinby's (Warren), and then stopped occasionally where there was an opening or a settlement. They had to cut a way in many places in order to let the wagons through, and camped in unbroken forests, finally settling west of the center, where they lived for many years, although in the last years of their lives they moved to the western part of the township. Mrs. Bradley lived to be eighty years old, dying in 1832. When they came to the township she was the only woman for many miles around, and it was over a year before she saw a woman, after coming into her new home. The oldest son, Thaddeus, spent part of the time on the farm, and later was employed in some nearby towns, where he taught and sold goods, finally returning to Johnston and settling on the home farm, where he died in 1865. He left about six hundred acres of land, and his oldest son lived upon the home farm. The second son of Captain Bradley bore the peculiar name - 508 - HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY - 509 of "Moore Bird," the middle name being the family name of his mother. He was born in Vermont in 1790. He assisted the family as soon as he was old enough, in clearing away the forest, but early began the study of medicine. His preceptor was Dr. Peter Allen. Dr. Bradley removed to Mansfield where he practiced, later settling in Pennsylvania. His wife survived him. He was the father of eight children. Ariel Bradley was nine years old when his family reached Johnston. He was a strong youth, was one of the finest choppers in the county, and felled the first tree, so far as known, cut by the white settlers. He was not able to stand such hard labor and studied medicine, and was the first physician to practice in Johnston township. In 1828 lie married Laura Barstow, who lived to good old age. They had one daughter, Reumah. She married Buell Pelton, had two daughters, Emma A. and Ben-mall, dying when the latter was one year old and the former three. After the Bradley family came two young men, both mechanics. They were Jared Hill and James Skinner. They arrived in the summer of 1804, built a sawmill, and went away during the winter. They married two women in Canfield, and although this was two years after the coming of Captain Bradley, they had to cut roadways wide enough to allow the wagon with their goods to go through. As these men were handy with tools (both were carpenters and one a mill-wright as well), their services were sought from all directions, and their wives were sometimes left alone in this almost Eyeless Eden. The Indians camped near them, and they had to summon all their courage to be able to stand their life. In a little time, however, the men finished their sawmill, built a grist mill, and after that people brought work to them and they were at home. In 1804 Mr. Jaqua, with his wife and five children, arrived. A daughter of this family, Charity, married Solomon Brainard and this was the first wedding in the township. Mr. Jaqua was the first justice of the peace. Although Mr. Jaqua and his family labored hard, were more or less successful and interested in the welfare of the community, they later moved to Pennsylvania. John Brainard, a son of Charity, was at one time a professor in the Homeopathic College in Cleveland. The name of the first white child born in Johnston is not 510 - HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY known, nor is it certain whether it was a boy or a girl. The records say a "child of Mr. Walker." Zebulon Walker settled in Johnston in 1805, had several children, and of course a wife, who, like his children, seems nameless. He lived near the Jaqua family and these groups of children were company for each other. That same year a number of families arrived from Connecticut, all of whom had so many children that the wilderness seemed no longer such a desolate place. Daniel Hine Jr. was one of these. In assisting at the raising of the house of one of the other new-comers (Mr. Fuller's), he had his leg broken, and although he lived a long and useful life in that community, he was the one man of proper years who did not go to the war of 1812, because of his accident. The year after he settled in Johnston his father, Daniel Hine Sr., Morris Smith, William McKee and David Webb took up their abode in this township. "Father" Hine apparently did not care for the pioneer life, for in a. few years he took his family to Canfield, where they afterwards resided. Mr. and Mrs. Webb and Mr. and Mrs. McKee had goodly families of children, and these were added to the young people already mentioned. Mr. Webb's son Nathan was a weaver of cloth by trade, and after attempting to build a darn of his own he finally secured the privilege of using the water power belonging to Hill and Skinner, and was therefore the first man in the township to weave cloth and full it. Erastus Carter was with the Hine party and he settled in a part of the township away from the others. He left his goods in his wagon until he had built a house for himself. About a year after his arrival he lost, by death, an infant child. So far as we know this was the first death among the first settlers, and Daniel Hine dug the grave in which the little one slept. This was where the present township graveyard is. Of course Mr. Carter had a wife, but we cannot find her name or the names of his children. Daniel Abell came to the township in 1806. He returned to Connecticut for a wife, and resided for many years in the township on the place which was later owned by Mr. Bennett. Most of the early settlers of this township were from Connecticut, as we have seen, but in 1830 a goodly number of Protestant Irish emigrants came into the northwest corner of the township. Settlers of the same kind were in the neighborhood of Gustavus, Greene and Mecca. Ten years later a settlement HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY - 511 was made in the southeast corner. The first Scotchman of the township was Mr. Robert Hamilton. The Irish settlers organized themselves into a Methodist society and had their schools, while the Scotch were Presbyterians, but they established schools also. In 1833 Isaiah Bartlett of Plymouth county, Massachusetts, with his wife, Miriam Mason, moved to Johnston. Mr. Bartlett lived until 1867, his wife dying three years later. Two of their sons, P. M. and Alexander M., were ministers, the latter being a professor of Greek and Latin in Marysville College. S. F. lives at the county seat, was sheriff of the county at one stint; date was & candidate for mayor on the Republican ticket. His daughter, Jennie, lives with him. J. K. Buehl is authority for the statement that the first teacher in the town was Miss Elizabeth Hine, who taught in the northeast part of the town. She afterwards married Thaddeus Bradley. Miss Laura Barstow was another of the early teachers, and taught in a log schoolhouse on the Center road. She received $1.25 a week as wages, and took her pay in whatever the patrons chose to give her. She married Dr. Ariel Bradley, and lived to a good old age, dying in 1900. Cortland high school was established by the special act of the legislature and was opened in 1877. At that time, or later, the high school was classed as second grade. The present Central building, costing $4,000, was erected in 1901. The town bonded itself to furnish this, in addition. The first superintendent was Prof. H. J. Crawford. He served three years, as did H. A. Diehl. Prof. Stackhouse next served, and Professor Fawcett is now in charge. The four rooms in this building accommodate fifty scholars each and four teachers assist the superintendent. The church history of Johnston differs from that of most townships in that the organization began among young people. As we have seen there were a large number of young people in the families of the early settlers. Many of these possessed fine voices, and it occurred to them to get together and have some sort of service in which singing would predominate, on Sundays. None of them felt equal, since they were not church members, of leading in devotional exercises, but Daniel Hine Jr. offered them his house and on the night of the first meeting Dr. Wright of Vernon happened to be in the neighborhood, and led this little congregation in prayer. They continued their 512 - HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY meetings for some time, but none of them inclined toward leadership. About this time a type of fever appeared in the community, and a number of the young people were taken. William Adams died at this time of consumption. For some of these funerals there was no one to conduct service ; sometimes a settler would offer prayer, but many times the dead bodies were laid away tenderly with love and tears, but without words. This made a deep impression on the community, and when Mr. Hamlin, a man of liberal mind and some education, a Methodist by profession, came to the community and learned of the desire of these young people, he offered to meet with them and lead them. These meetings were so informal that they became sort of conferences. There was no organization, but traveling preachers and missionaries liked to stop and help this little congregation, and thus it grew. We find among the names of the men who preached for this body those who helped to organize churches in different parts of Trumbull County. There were Mr. Crosby, Rev. Badger, Mr. Robbins, Mr. Darrow, a Presbyterian from Vienna, Mr. Sheldon, Elder Rigdon, a Baptist, Simon Woodruff and a Connecticut missionary, Mr. Hanford. About the year 1812 this little class was made into a station and Rev. James McMahon was among the first riding the Mahoning circuit, who preached here. This class was formed at the house of Mr. Lily, and the following men were among those present : Mr. Hamlin, Mr. Spencer, Mr. Dickinson. Their wives were with them. CHAPTER XLIII.—KINSMAN. JOHN KINSMAN.—A PARTY OF FAMOUS MEN.—A CHEERFUL, EN- ERGETIC WOMAN.—KINSMAN MILL.—DR. ALLEN.—A CENTURY-OLD CHURCH.—KINSMAN SCHOOLS. Kinsman, range 1, township 7, is possibly the most picturesque township in Trumbull County. It is rolling, has several streams running through it, was once covered with magnificent forests and had, withal, a portion of treeless land which was known as the "prairie." Added to these physical advantages was the fact that the first settlers, as well as those who came later, were of unusual education and birth. In each of the counties on the Western Reserve there is one township aside from the county seat which considers itself, or is considered by outsiders, a little more aristocratic than the others. Kinsman stood in this relation to Trumbull County. Uriah Tracy, Joseph Coit and John Kinsman were the three men to whom the land was assigned. Mr. Joseph Perkins, of Norwich, Connecticut, had an interest in the land of this township and some others, but when the final settlement was made Mr. Perkins took his land in Summit county, Mr. Kinsman in Kinsman. Mr. Kinsman also bought the interests of Coit and Tracy, the latter being a United States senator from Connecticut. The township then assumed the name of Kinsman. Mr. Kinsman and Simon Perkins, in 1799, left Connecticut by horseback, crossed the Alleghany mountains to Pittsburg. Mr. Perkins repaired to his land in Warren, while Mr. Kinsman made his headquarters at the home of John Young, at Youngstown. After preliminary business was done there, such as surveying, etc., he proceeded to Kinsman, put up a cabin near the center and finished the survey. It was not until two years later that he decided to transfer all his interests to this township. In the spring of 1801 he started for his new home. Probably no more brilliant party of men ever left the east Vol. I-33 - 513 - 514 - HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY for New Connecticut than the party of which John Kinsman was a member. Among these were Simon Perkins, of whom we have read so much in different parts of the history ; George Tod, one of the ablest jurists and citizens Trumbull County had ; Josiah Pelton, the pioneer of Gustavus Turhand and Jared Kirtland, who were among the most industrious and public-spirited of our citizens ; John Stark Edwards, Trumbull County's first recorder and an able lawyer, and Calvin Pease, who, as judge, citizen and companion, had no superior. His sons, Calvin and Charles, afterwards conducted a store in Warren where the present Colonial hotel stands. This party organized itself into a society. When they stopped for the night they held mock trials, and amused themselves in that way. Any one familiar with Judge Calvin Pease's career can see his spirit pervading this party. The party was on horseback, except the Kirtland brothers, who had a wagon and horses. Ebenezer Reeve was also of this party. He had been induced by Mr. Kinsman to come out here, and as he was weak-kneed about the venture, Mr. Kinsman proposed that he be paid twenty dollars a month during his absence, and forty dollars in case he did not like the country. In case, however, he did like the country, he was to exchange his land in Connecticut for land in Kinsman. Mr. Kinsman began the construction of a double log house a little east of the present Vernon road, but did not finish it. Instead he erected another in the neighborhood where the business part of the town now is, and he and Mr. Reeve returned to Connecticut in the fall of 1801 leaving the work to be finished by John Cummings, John and Isaac Mathews. Although Kinsman and Reeve really laid out the town and stayed there some little time, they were not really the first settlers. David Randall, Martin Tidd, James Hill, with their families, all of whom had lived in Youngstown, made arrangements with Mr. Kinsman in the fall of 1801 for land in this township, and in the spring of 1802 they moved there. James Hill married Sally, the daughter of Martin Tidd. Although they all started together, Mr. Randall's wagon broke down in Vernon so the other two families arrived ahead of him. Mr. Tidd and Mr. Randall were originally from Pennsylvania. and lived quite near the settlement in 'Wyoming at the time of the massacre. Mr. Tidd's house was filled with the people who escaped at that time. He was an uncle of Captain Hillman, HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY - 315 who, as we have seen, was one of the most useful men in the early history of the valley. Both these men were natural pioneers, and it was hard for them really to settle down. Randall moved from Pennsylvania to Marietta, thence to Youngstown, Kinsman, Ashtabula county, Kinsman, and, late in life, resided in Michigan. Mrs. Randall was a woman of great strength and courage. She used to tend the sawmill during her husband's absence. She said: "It was nothing to set the saw, but was rather hard to tread back the carriage with her feet." She was energetic, "genial, jolly, shrewd," and was able to meet almost anything which arose. When she tended mill she had her spinning wheel near her, so when the logs were being sawed, that is, when she was doing her husband's work, she was spinning wool for his clothes, that is, doing her work. Thus did women in early Trumbull County so many times do double duty. If Mr. Randall, for any reason, had been left to watch Mrs. Randall's work, it would never have occurred to him or anybody else that he should bring his own business into her kitchen, and keep both going. Historians record that Mrs. Randall continued to cheer and encourage people to the end of her life. Mr. Reeve liked Kinsman, and fulfilled his agreement by disposing of his Connecticut land and removing to the township. In 1802 he brought his daughters, Deborah and Hannah, to a new log house, where they lived five years. These were the first eastern women to dwell in Kinsman. It is said that when Hannah saw her new home she said: "I have heard about going to the ends of the world, but I think we have gotten there." The former, Deborah, married Plumb Sutliff. In 1806 Hannah married John Andrews, a native of East Haddam. They had eight children. He was a merchant. He was among the first to manufacture pot- and pearl-ash in northern Ohio. Hannah Andrews took great interest in her husband's business, and besides assisting him, attended to her duties as wife and mother, and kept a little boarding school. It is a tradition that she braided the first straw hat that Joshua R. Giddings wore, and that his father paid for it in wooden bowls. Her son, Claudius Buchanan, was a missionary to the Hawaiian Islands and died there in 1876. In 1802 Paul Rice and his mother came to the township, as did also Alexander Clark and Uriel Driggs. In 1803 Charles 516 - HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY Case, the father of Zopher Case, and the grandfather of C. C. Case, came to Kinsman. Charles Case Sr. was full of music, as is his grandson, and as a pastime instructed the settlers in singing, note-reading, etc. Isaac and John Mathews, with their sister Betsey, also came in 1803, and lived on the farm afterwards occupied by Thomas Kinsman. In 1804 Mr. John Kinsman brought his family. He had four children, John, Joseph, Sally and Olive. His wife was thirty-one years younger than he. Unless it was the family of Samuel Huntington, no family in Trumbull County came to the western home in so much comfort and elegance. There was a two-horse wagon for the family, two four-horse wagons for the goods and supplies, an ox-cart and riding horses. At Beaver, Gen. Simon Perkins, a brother of Mrs. Kinsman, with his bride, joined the party, and they traveled together to Youngstown. Cabins had been erected for this party, and a frame house was put up the next season. There had been some sickness before their arrival and several of the party had the fever and ague. Thomas Kinsman, the father of Senator Thomas Kinsman, of the township, was born late in the summer of their arrival. Plumb Sutliff moved to Kinsman in 1806. He erected the second frame house in the township, and until a few years ago it was standing. In the year 1835 there were thirty families in the township. James Hill and Walter Davis were shoemakers. Randall, Christy and Tidd were blacksmiths. The latter also made cow bells which were very necessary in the new country. David and Elam Lindsley, Joseph Murray, John L. Cook and Jahazel Lathrop were the carpenters. They were none of them married. While the Lindsley brothers were clearing land, David had his thigh fractured by a falling limb. It was so badly mashed that it would not heal. It was amputated "with a common hand saw and Mr. Kinsman's carving knife." In 1805 there was a great deal of sickness, and the people of Vernon attributed the same to the back-water caused by the mill dam which was across the Pymatuning. Finally the residents of Hartford and Vernon sent General Smith, Rev. Thomas Robbins, and others to Kinsman, to beg of Mr. Kinsman to cut his dam and let the water out. Mr. Kinsman received them most graciously, took them home to dinner, served HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY - 517 them with brandy till they became mellow of feeling. He then explained to them that he had a lot on hand at the mill, that he would be disappointing many if he destroyed the water power, and further that if the water went out at that time of year, the sickness would be greater. He promised in the spring to cut the dam and let the spring rains flush the creek. The deputation returned home satisfied, but not so the residents. They accused the men of getting drunk on Mr. Kinsman's brandy, and they threatened to cut the dam. Finally one night, a hole was made which was soon remedied. Certain people in Vernon were suspected and when, one day, Cyrus W. Marsh of that town was seen standing on the bank of the creek Mr. Kinsman mounted his horse, forded the stream, and asked Marsh to ride double with him to his store. When satisfied that Marsh was guilty, Mr. Kinsman closed the door, and gave him a sound drubbing. Knowing this was not right, that is, that lie had exposed himself to punishment under the law, he stepped behind the counter and proposed to pay for breaking the law. He and Marsh decided that three dollars worth of goods from the store would be about the right price and so it was done. The Vernon people were outraged that Marsh should settle at so low a price. After that there was a break in the darn which was remedied, and in 1806 the water was drawn of and J. A. Russell is authority for the statement that a case of fever and ague has never since originated in that town. Kinsman has continued to grow and in 1806 a saw mill was erected by the Gillises on Stratton creek. Here too a shop for fulling and dressing cloth was built and it was said to be the first fulling establishment in the eastern part of the state. In 1813 the first carding machine was set up in Gillises' mill. It is hard for us to realize at this day how much work had to be done by the early manufacturers themselves. William Henry, who was a tanner, had to collect shells and burn them to make the lime which he used in tanning his hides. Seth Perkins came to Kinsman in 1804 and in the fall married Lucy Thompson of Hartford. He moved first to Vernon and came back to Kinsman in 1809. His wife, who was only eighteen years old, was left alone in their forest home while he went to the war of 1812. Dr. Peter Allen, who came to Kinsman in 1808, was one of the first doctors of that community. He had a wonderful constitution, and could work day and night for a long period 318 - HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY with very little rest. He was a member of the Ohio Medical Association, surgeon during the war of 1812 and was representative in the Ohio legislature during the Harrison campaign. He married Charity Dudley of Connecticut, who was killed in a runaway accident. The following year Dr. Allen married Miss Starr, a niece of Mrs. Kinsman and General Perkins. She died of consumption in 1846. Dr. Peter Allen had one child by the first wife, whose Christian name was Dudley for his mother. He was born in 1814. His first office was in his father's yard. In 1821 lie built a most beautiful home which called forth the admiration of his friends and neighbors. He moved to Oberlin and his son, Dudley P. Allen, is now one of the leading surgeons of Cleveland. When Mr. and Mrs. James McConnell came to Kinsman in 1804, and went to the house which Mr. McConnell had put up, the mother and children sat on a log outside, while Mr. McConnell cut an opening for a door. They also had to cook outside until a chimney was built. John Brackin, although of Scotch descent, early lived in Ireland, having married Jane King, a widow with two sons. After her marriage with Brackin, she also had two sons. This family left Ireland about 1803, and settled in Washington county, Pennsylvania. David King remained in Ireland to attend school. The family moved to Kinsman in 1804. In 1805 David started for America, his step-father meeting him and bringing him to Kinsman. Jedediah Burnham had almost reached his majority when he came to Kinsman. He was pre-eminently a peacemaker and whenever there was difficulty among the settlers he was an able counselor. He was the son of Dr. Jedediah Burnham of Connecticut. He came to Kinsman because Mr. John Kinsman urged him so hard to do so. He taught school, clerked in Mr. Kinsman's store, and went into the war of 1812. He returned as captain. He married Sophie Bidwell, a daughter of River-ins Bidwell of Gustavus. He was justice of the peace for twenty-one years. He was county collector when he had to go from farm to farm collecting taxes. He was also at one time county assessor. He was deacon in the churches of Vernon, Hartford and Kinsman, and lived a long and useful life, dying in 1874. Simon Fobes came to Kinsman in 1817. His family consisted of his wife, a sister and his three youngest children. HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY - 519 "He was a man of uncommon resolution and decision, energy and perseverance. At the same time, he had great kindness of heart, and was ever ready to assist the needy and help the wronged and injured." The Presbyterian church of Kinsman has been dwelt upon in the chapters on Hartford and Vernon. It was organized in 1803. The Rev. Mr. Tait and the ever-present Rev. Joseph Badger did the organizing, and it was formed on "the plan of union." From the time of the beginning of this church there has hardly been a Sunday when services have not been held. Among the Kinsman people who belonged to this church were Jeremiah and Ebenezer Reeve, William and John Matthews, Alexander Clark, John Andrews, Rachel, George and Nancy Matthews, Elizabeth Dement, William Scott, Isaac and Prudence Matthews, Clark Giddings, Jacob and Electa Ford. In 1813 there were eighty members on the roll of the Hartford-Vernon-Kinsman church. Then it was that Rev. Harvey Coe, of whom we have read so often, who had been ordained to the missionary field the year before, came to Ohio. He was the pastor of this church, and a subscription paper showing the amounts given by the Vernon people to the support of Mr. Coe is still in existence. The pastorate of Mr. Coe continued sixteen years. He preached in rotation in the three townships. More than 400 persons were baptized by him. In 1821 there were 210 church members. In 1823 44 of these were dismissed in order to form a separate church at Hartford. Two years later 21 were dismissed, in order to form a separate church in Gustavus. In 1831 a separate church was formed for Kinsman, leaving about 75 for Vernon. Mr. Coe married 107 couples. He kept an account of all the deaths in that region and this is a very valuable record because accidental deaths and those from intemperance are among them. More people were dismissed from the church for intemperance than for any other one thing. For this reason, a temperance society was organized. In 1828 a Sabbath school was formed in Kinsman by a committee, and George Swift, a brother of Mrs. Dr. Harmon, was probably the first superintendent. The first frame church erected in Kinsman belonged to this denomination, and it stood for many years in the grove where the state road crosses the Gustavus road. It was torn down by Dr. Allen. The Rev. Mr. Coe, as is stated elsewhere, was one of the founders of Western Reserve College. The Presbyterians who 320 - HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY had formed the Kinsman church, after the services of Mr. Coe, had the name of the church changed to the First United Congregational and Presbyterian. Jedediah Burnham was standing clerk and Abraham Griswold treasurer. This church consisted of 71 members. In 1831 and 1832 preparations were made for the building of a new church and a fourth of the expenses were paid by Mrs. Rebecca Kinsman. She later gave a bell. The Rev. Mr. Mcllvain served the church as minister, and he was followed by Mr. Eldred. At the time of his ordination and installation, President Pierce of Western Reserve College delivered the address. Mr. Eldred was in charge of this congregation for nearly thirty-five years. The church always has had a fine standing and great influence in the community, and maintains its position to the present time. Among the early settlers of Kinsman were Scotch Presbyterians. In 1843 they organized an association which continued for some time. Their meetings were sometimes held in schoolhouses, dwellings and the town house. This church was finally disorganized. Kinsman was one of the few townships where the Episcopal church flourished. It was known as Grace church. It was organized in 1863. The members of the vestry were John R. Stanhope, Isaac Meacham, Lorenzo Moore, Albert Yeomans and Charles R. Stanhope. Captain Stanhope was very devoted to this church and erected a building for it. He later gave a parsonage which, together with five acres of land, he gave to the church so long as the organization kept up and the taxes were paid. Jacob H. Baldwin, whose daughter married the son of Capt. Stanhope, was long identified with this church. The congregation is small, and only occasional services are held there. The first marriage in Kinsman was that of Robt. Henry and Betsy Tidd. The first death that of John Tidd in 1804. His also was the first interment in the cemetery. The first girl to die was Sallie Kinsman, daughter of John and Rebecca. The first two-story house was erected by Ebenezer Reed. The first children born were twins, Sally and Phoebe Randall. The first distillery was erected in 1804. HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY - 521 Josiah Yeomans made the first broom-corn brooms in the county. In the winter of 1805 and '06 a night school for boys was taught by Leonard Blackburn. The next year he had a school in the Neal cabin. The first schoolhouse, a log one of course, stood on Stratton creek. It had the log benches and the usual desks. Jedediah Burnham was the first teacher in this building, and he taught also in the following year. Like all the early teachers, he took his pay in produce and boarded round. Benjamin Allen taught part of the winter of 1807 and 1808. Dr. Peter Allen finished out his term. Joseph and John Kinsman were among the early teachers., Ezra Buell and Josiah Yeomans taught between the years 1810 and 1816. Eunice Allen, afterwards Mrs. Meacham, taught the first summer school in 1807. Lucy Andrews (Mrs. Jones) of Hartford, Miss Bushnell (Mrs. Beecher of Shalersville) were among those who taught in that building during late years. The second log schoolhouse was erected in the north part of the township and the third one stood near the stone house built by Seymour Potter. Dr. Dudley Allen, the son of Peter, attended this school. There was also a schoolhouse near the Pennsylvania line. In 1820 the town was divided into districts, and a subscription resulted in the building of a frame schoolhouse. Daniel Lathrop taught this school. It was a very good building for the time. This building was afterwards removed onto the Meadville Road, where it was conducted under the name of the village schoolhouse. Here Darius Caldwell, whom all residents of Trumbull County of that day knew, and who was for a long time judge in Cleveland, taught for some time. When the schoolhouse of 1853 was built it stood near L. C. Perkins' old home. In 1822 a log schoolhouse was built; in 1825 the second frame building, and in 1828 one which stood near David Brackin's house. Two were built in 1834. Kinsman did not lead in establishing higher schools, although they came to realize their importance early. Mr. John Kinsman gave land for an academy which was erected in 1842. Squire Andrews gave the timber and, as money was very scare at that time, other contributions were made. The first trustees were John Christy, Albert Allen and Dr. Dudley Allen. A long list of capable men and women were the teachers in this academy. Mrs. Johnson perhaps taught longest and was most respected and best known. Many of her pupils went 522 - HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY directly from that academy to colleges and seminaries and did good work in those institutions. Because the people of Kinsman were as a rule well to do, and because they valued schools, •they considered it their duty to educate their children. And probably no township has more people of higher education, unless West Farmington be the exception. Of course Warren is so large a town that it is not included in the comparison. At the present time Kinsman has no district schools. The two public schools maintained in the township are known as the Kinsman Special and the Kinsman Centralized. The former has been in existence for a number of years, and the latter was established in 1901 and has been highly successful. The board of the Special school is : President, H. G. Griswold; clerk, Stephen Emery; treasurer, J. P. Karr, and Walker Jewell and James McClyster. The Centralized board members are: President, George Allen ; clerk, Lauren Cristy, and Jay Thompson and Claude May born. The Special school enrolls 105 pupils, and the Central 145. J. M. May is superintendent of the Special and D. C. Hadsell superintendent of the Centralized school, each having four teachers under him. Among the substantial families of Kinsman was that of James McConnell King. His brother Joseph was at one time pastor of the First Christian Church in Warren. The family traces its ancestry back to John Knox, the great Scottish reformer. James McConnell King married two cousins—Harriet Christy, who had three children—Frank, Clara, Isabelle E. and Mary Ellen. The first lives in Kinsman; the second married Henry A. Delin and died in 1906; while the third, Mrs. Joseph L. Cox, resides in Sacramento. The second wife was Lucy Christy. Their children were George E. King, now of Kinsman Robert A. King, now professor of German at Wabash college, Crawfordsville, Indiana, and Mrs. Sadee K. Izant, of Warren. Prof. King married Kate, daughter of Hon. A. W. Jones; and Sadee became Mrs. Robert Izant. CHAPTER XLIV.—LIBERTY. FIRST SETTLERS.-GIRARD, CHURCHILL AND SODOM.-THE PROMI- NENT FAMILIES OF TOWN AND COUNTRY.-GERMAN- AMERICAN RESIDENTS.-SCHOOLS.-FIRST CHURCH ORGANIZATION.-LIBERTY CHURCHES. The records of Liberty township are more imperfect than of many others. Just who built the first cabin and settled therein is not positively known. His name was Swager, but whether it was Jacob or his cousin Henry, is not known. Henry Swager probably was there as early as 1798. He lived west of Churchill, but did not stay very long, selling his place to Jacob Boyd. He then moved into the southeast part of the township and died when he was ninety-seven. It is said that James Mathews came in 1798, and resided in Liberty until 1825, when he moved to Warren. He was a distiller and kept a tavern. John Stull came in 1798, and his father the year after. The latter did not settle there until 1800. John Ramsey came the year that Valentine Stull did. He was a Virginian. John Ramsey was one of the first, and George Campbell, a native of Ireland, who had lived in Pennsylvania, was there in 1801. He lived nearly fifty years in the same place. John and Abram Nelson, two other Virginians, Samuel Dennison and Neal McMullin were early found here. Robert Walker was there about 1808 and his son, Robert H. Walker, who was later well known in Youngstown, kept a store at Churchill in 1833. There were three hamlets in the beginning in this township —Girard, Churchill and Sodom. Churchill was at one time quite an important place. Coal was discovered there, and many industries grew up from that. With the exhaustion of the coal supply the town declined. Girard has grown constantly and is now almost a suburb of Youngstown. It promises to be a place of good size since the - 523 - 524 - HISTORY OF TRUMBULL COUNTY Mahoning Valley is growing towards the west. It will not be very long before Warren will be connected with Youngstown, and the lines hardly marked. Girard will be a factor in building up this valley population. The slack water of the Mahoning river at this point affords good boating, and the railroad facilities, the Erie, B. & 0. and Pennsylvania, all running through, are good. In fact, Girard was laid out because of the water advantages. William Richards, a very successful iron-worker, lived in Girard, building the place which Evan Morris afterwards owned and where his heirs now live. He later moved to Warren, where he owned and operated the furnace and where the panic ruined him financially. He had a large family of children. The only one now residing in Trumbull County is his daughter Frank, who married Jules Vautrot, the son of Jules Vautrot Sr., who was a successful jeweler. in Warren in the '60s and '70s. Abner Osborne, who was born in Youngstown, came to Girard in 1841. He was engaged with Josiah Robbins and Jesse Baldwin in the grist mill. His wife was Abigail Allison, a sister of Mrs. William McKinley Sr. Margaret married Mr. Stambaugh of Youngstown, and their daughter Anna married a grandson of David Tod. Abner Osborne's sons, Frank and Wallace, are among the leading business men of Cleveland. A son of Abner, William, was a lawyer in Youngstown and in Boston. When his cousin, William McKinley, was made president he was appointed consul general to London, and died a little time thereafter. Peter Kline was the most extensive landholder in Liberty township. The family came from Pennsylvania and settled first near Youngstown. His father died in 1816. One of his brothers, Solomon, lived in Cortland ; Jonathan, the oldest brother, in Canfield. He was a stockraiser and it was in this business that he made his money. At one time he had over seven hundred acres of land. He married Esther Brown, and had four children. In 1877 he married Elizabeth Woodbridge Tayler, the daughter of Elliott Woodbridge of Youngstown, a great-granddaughter of Jonathan Edwards, and the widow of George Tayler, who was the cashier of the old Western Reserve Bank. Mrs. Tayler by her first marriage had a large family of children, only one of whom, Lucy, the wife of William C. Andrews, whose father was A. E. Andrews of Warren, survives. She is in appearance and nature largely like her