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PAGE 467 - GOSHEN TOWNSHIP.

TOWNSHIP HISTORIES.

CHAPTER I.

NEW PHILADELPHIA AND GOSHEN TOWNSHIP.

LOCATION OF THE COUNTY SEAT-ITS FOUNDATION-EARLY SETTLERS-THE VILLAGE IN 1820-ADDITIONS-INCORPORATION- PUBLIC BUILDINGS-SCHOOLS-CHURCHES-CEMETERY-SOCIETIES-THE PRESS-PHYSICIANS-MEDICAL SOCIETY-BANKS-INDUSTRIES-HOTELS- GOSHEN TOWNSHIP-ITS EARLY HISTORY-SURFACE FEATURES-FIRST SETTLERS THE GOSHEN INDIANS-LOCKPORT-PIKE RUN-ONTARIO MILLS-MOOREVILLE-CHURCHES-SALT WORKS-JUSTICES.

NEW PHILADELPHIA, the county seat of Tuscarawas County, is a beautiful, quiet little city of 3,500 people, situated on the spreading plains above the Tuscarawas River, in the western part of Goshen Township. Its streets are broad, level and finely shaded; its lots are large and are generally occupied by spacious residences and cozy cottages, which gives an air of comfort and plenty to the place and bespeak the thrift and prosperity of the inhabitants; its public buildings would be creditable structures to any county of the State. The newly-built court house, overlooking the center of trade and traffic, is a model of solid and imposing workmanship. The schoolhouse, located in a retired part of the town, is ample in size and conveniences to accommodate the pupils of the growing population for many years to come. The city hall, churches and industrial buildings scattered in various portions of the county seat are further indices of wealth and prosperity.

The village was laid out in 1804, and its proprietor, John Knisely, from the systematic structure and size of its plat at that time, evidently expected it to become an important city. Four years later, upon the erection of Tuscarawas County, New Philadelphia was selected as its county seat by a commit tee appointed for this purpose by the State Legislature. The early records of the county show that Elijah Wadsworth and Eli Baldwin received $32 from the county for locating the seat of justice. Dover, which was laid out in 1807, contested unavailingly for the prize. The growth of New Philadelphia has been commensurate with the progress of the county. Its population, as given in as many of the census reports as are now accessible, has been as follows: In 1820, 236; in 1840, 531.; in 1850, 1,414; in 1860, 2,360; in 1870, 3,143; in 1880, 3,070. The apparent decrease during the last decade is not real, for in 1870 the population of Lockport, amounting to several hundred, was included in the returns of New Philadelphia, while in 1880 it was enumerated separately.

The first settlement in the county seat, occurring nearly eighty years ago, is involved in some obscurity. When laid cut, the site of the village was

468 - HISTORY OF TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.

covered with brush and trees, and the lots and streets indicated only by small stakes. Broadway and High streets were first cleared, and for years were the only thoroughfares. One log cabin rose slowly after another as time rolled on, and were gradually displaced by larger and more substantial dwellings. Mr. Knisely, the proprietor, did not build him a cabin within the limits of the town, but dwelt a short distance east of it. John Hull, who accompanied Knisely from Pennsylvania, is said to have built the first house in New Philadelphia; he remained a resident but a short time.

In the spring of 1808, the population of the town consisted of four families. Peter Cribbs had built his cabin and potter-kiln on the east side of Broadway, between Front and High, and conducted the pottery business there for many years. George Leininger had erected a large, rude cabin, which he used as a tavern, on the southwest corner of Broadway and Front streets. Christian Stout lived in a house on Water street, and followed carpentering. He came from Washington County, Penn,, and his son Joseph is said to have been the first child born in New Philadelphia. The year of his birth was 1807. Henry Laffer was also here. He was a Pennsylvanian, had assisted in surveying the lands of Ohio, and in 1800 opened a tavern at his dwelling house in New Philadelphia and kept it for several years. He was Sheriff of the county from 1810 to 1813, and soon after founded Sandyville and removed thither.

In May, 1808, a party of five persons, consisting of David Fiscus, old Mr. Geiger and son. Daniel Williams and Peter Williams started afoot from Greensburg, Westmoreland Co., Penn., with New Philadelphia as their objective point. A few days' traveling along indistinct trails or paths blazed by the woodman's ax, brought them to their destination. John Knisely lived on his farm adjoining the town on the east, across Beaver Dam, and his house was the stopping-place of all new-comers. After resting from their tiresome journey, the party was conducted by Mr. Knisely to the town. Reaching the forks of the road at the east and, where now the roads to New Cumberland and Cadiz separate, he told them that they were now in town, but only an expanse of bushes and small trees met their vision. At what is now High street, a mere foot-path wound along, and around the bushes and saplings to the next square, where the enthusiastic proprietor informed them the court house was destined to be built. A few trees bad been cleared from the square, and Broadway, crossing it, was the only street that was partially cleared.

Several days later, Gabriel Cryder arrived with several teams, on his way to settle in what is now Dover Township. Besides his household effects, he had an assortment of goods which he had received in exchange for a house and lot in Pennsylvania. Having no house or barn yet erected, and finding no room at the village where he could store them, Mr. Cryder was desirous of selling the goods. The settlers in and about New Philadelphia were anxious to have a store started here, Gnadenhutten being then the nearest trading point, but there was no one to buy them. When the Greensburg party were making preparations to return, Mr. Cryder was informed that Peter Williams had clerked for several years in a store. Cryder and several others urged young Williams, who was then but sixteen years of age, to purchase the stock. He possessed no means, but two men agreed to become his security for the amount, and Williams was induced to remain. One of the men afterward declined to assume the responsibility. and the goods were given to the lad for his own notes. Peter Cribbs offered half his little cabin, and in it a store room was rudely fitted up. The goods were rapidly sold, and replenished, and the first mercantile venture thus resulted in the establishment of a store which was carried on successfully for many years.

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After the seat of justice was established, a steady stream of emigration commenced. George Leininger, the first tavern keeper, took out a license for that purpose in 1809. He died soon after, and his widow, Margaret Leininger, carried on the business for many years at the old stand, the southwest corner of Broadway and Front. It was here that the first courts were held, and in the year 1808, Leininger's tavern was, doubtless, the most important and widest known locality in the county. Abraham Shane opened a tavern in 1809. He raised two or three companies and served as an officer in the war of 1812. He was a prominent pioneer, and filled various public positions. He shipped flour and other articles by raft down the Tuscarawas River and thence to New Orleans. He removed from the county seat to Dover, where he died in 1851. William Albert, in 1814, succeeded Henry Laffer at the latter's tavern stand, which occupied Lot 205, High street, the site of Mathias & McFarland's store. He was a son of Jacob Albert, an early settler of this township, and continued tavern-keeping about a score of years. He died in 1837. Samuel Shrill, in 1812 and 1813, paid license to keep a tavern at New Philadelphia; Daniel Hummel, in 1813, and Christian Stout, in 1814, and subsequent years. George Gray commenced in 1816. Mr. Hummel came from Chambersburg, in 1811, was a wheelwright and chair-maker and followed his trade two years, when he began keeping tavern at Leininger's place.

John and Alexander McConnell opened a store at New Philadelphia about 1810, and continued it for several years. Alexander worked awhile at tailoring, and during the war of 1812 he raised a squad of cavalry, which, however, did not get into action. He was afterward a popular Justice of Dover, where be died in 1839.

Among other early settlers of the village were Christian Espich, George W. Canfield, Jacob Blickensderfer, Philip Itzkin, the Peppers, Samuel Stough and George Sluthour. Mr. Canfield hailed from New Jersey, and reached New Philadelphia about 1814. He was appointed County Clerk in 1818, and died in office in 1826. Jacob Blickensderfer was among the most prominent pioneers. About 1812, be came from Lancaster County, Penn.; was County Commissioner from 1816 to 1819; Associate Judge from 1829 to 1836, and from 1850 to 1852; County Auditor from 1818 to 1820, and filled various other high and important offices. He labored actively and earnestly to secure the Ohio Canal through the valley, and was always foremost in matters of public improvement. He was highly educated and possessed superior mathematical abilities. He removed to Dover, where for many years he was Toll Collector on the canal. Philip Itzkin came from Philadelphia, and died not many years later. George Sluthour came from Pennsylvania about 1811, and at once engaged in the carpenter trade. He constructed a great many early dwellings at the county seat. Samuel, Albert, Joshua and John Pepper, brothers, and brick-layers, came from Cadiz, and built most of the early brick structures in New Philadelphia.

On the pages of the Tuscarawas Chronicle, for the year 1821, advertisements of the following New Philadelphia merchants and business men are found: Dr. Orange Ranney " acquaints the public that he has removed to the office formerly occupied by Wright Warner, Esq., opposite William Albert's tavern. Tie has also just received and now offers for sale a general assortment of drugs and medicines," many of which he enumerates, and has also "the following highly celebrated patent medicines: Bateman's Drops, Godfrey's Cordial, Anderson's Pills, Itch Ointment (warranted genuine), Golden Tincture, British Oil, Balsam de Malta, Harlem Oil, Lee's Antibilious Pills."

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J. Johnson advertises a general assortment of merchandise, including dry goods, "ironmongery," cutlery, groceries, liquors, drugs, etc. He offers to receive tallow at his store in payment of debts or for goods. John White gives notice that he has commenced the gun-making and repairing business, and hopes to merit encouragement and support. "Coffee mills sharpened and repaired." H. Williams informs the public that he continues to carry on his business as chair-maker in his new house on High street. He has just "purchased the patent right of a newly invented spinning-wheel, and made a number on the new plan, which has been highly approved of by those who purchased them." Samuel J. Bowlby states that he has commenced the business of book-binding in New Philadelphia, and that, " having tools for binding in all its various branches, he will bind books either in ornamental or plain form. "He offers for sale a variety of German books, and will take country produce in part payment. Michael Ream commences tailoring in the house opposite Mr. Gray's tavern, " where all orders in the line of his profession will be thankfully received and punctually attended to. To suit the hardness of the times, he has determined to do work at the following reduced prices: Superfine coats, at $3 to $3.50; superfine vests or pantaloons, 75 cents; coarse coats, $1.50 to $2; coarse vests or pantaloons, 62 1/2 cents." William Neeriemer tailor, also requests the patronage of the public, and offers to do work at reduced prices. He states that he has removed to the house of George Sluthour (formerly occupied as a tavern by D. Hummel). Benjamin and Jacob Ream advertise for a quantity of muskrat skins, for which the highest price will be given in cash. Mathias Springer offers to make " ladies' and children's shoes and bootees, of morocco leather, at a reasonable price." Peter Cribbs "will receive butter in payment of earthenware. at 7 cents per pound, to be delivered at his dwelling in New Philadelphia." Charles F. Espich desires "dried gensing at 25 cents per pound, and 10 cents for undried, paid in store goods, or part cash if required. It must be well washed, curls taken out and trimmed." He also advertises tin and stoneware. Samuel Lane notifies the inhabitants of New Philadelphia and vicinity " that he has commenced the tailoring business, in the first house south of Mr. Smiley's tavern. Persons wishing to have their clothes made according to latest fashions can be suited agreeably to their desires." Robert Sergeant states that he " will receive butter at 61 cents per pound in payment of salt., saddlery and earthenware. Those who intend to furnish him with this article are requested not to put it up in kegs."

In the Advocate for 1820, besides several of the above advertisers. B. H. Warfield offers to the public a general line of merchandise; Wright Warner inserts a law card and Dr. Orange Ranney announces himself as a practicing physician. John Hall advertises the tailoring business, and Joseph Landers and Thomas Sergeant appear as tanners; Charles F. Espich as a merchant. The following curious but business-like notice, taken from the Tuscarawas Chronicle, August 18. 1821, reveals the lamentable fact that the county seat in its infancy was not, in all respects, a model village. The righteous indignation expressed, and threatened vengeance, it is hoped, crushed the evil against which it was directed. The notice was worded as follows:

Look OUT, SLANDERERS! It has been a practice among some people in this town to slander their neighbors, and create mischief among our citizens by spreading and telling the most notorious falsehoods. This custom has hitherto been confined to a few women, whose character for lying is so well known, that what they said done no injury. Within a short time, others have joined their ranks, whose standing in society was more respectable. Men have been guilty of this crime and have lent their aid in spreading stories about their neighbors, which they knew to be false. Persons who say they heard, that such an one has been guilty of such and such things, or such an one said so and so, are perhaps themselves the forgers of the falsehood. Taking this system of slandering to be a

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great evil among our citizens, we recommend that all persons, who tell tales about their neighbors, be made to prove their truth, which, if they cannot do, that their names be posted up on the court house and published in the newspapers, as BASE SLANDERERS, unworthy of being taken into decent company. Those women and men, who know from experience, that this hint is directed to them, will do well to bridle their tongues in time, or punishment and shame will most assuredly overtake them.

MANY CITIZENS.

NEW PHILADELPHIA, August 18, 1821.

The plat of New Philadelphia, as originally laid out in 1804, and enlarged in 1805, was acknowledged by the proprietor, John Knisely, before Christian Deardorff, Associate Judge, May 22, 1813. It included 558 lots, most of them sixty-six feet in width and 264 feet in depth. Water, Front, High, Fair and Ray streets extend north 80 degrees west. They are crossed at right angles by East, Second, Third, Broadway, Fifth, Sixth, West, Walnut, Mulberry and Chestnut streets. High, Broadway and Front streets are eighty-two and a half feet wide, Water street fifty feet, all others sixty-six feet. The alleys are each twenty-four feet nine inches in width. The square at the intersection of Broadway and High, thirteen rods each way, is donated for a court house. The two squares at the intersections of East and West streets, with High, are called Lower Market and Upper Market respectively. The following public donations are indicated on the plat: Four lots, 361-4 inclusive, at the northwest corner of Ray and Second streets, for English religious societies; four lots, 273-6, at the northwest corner of East and Fair streets, now the cemetery lot, for German religious societies; four lots, 397-400, at the northeast corner of West and Ray streets, to the Moravian Society; Lot 253, on Third street, for a German schoolhouse; Lot 244, on Fifth street, for an English schoolhouse; Lot 203, on High street, for the public offices of the county.

The first addition to New Philadelphia was made by Benjamin W. Morris. It consisted of twelve lots, south of the original plat and west of Plum alley; was surveyed in September, 1844, and recorded in May, 1845. East Addition, consisting of thirteen in-lots and thirteen out-lots, at the northeast corner of the town, was laid out in 1851 by George W. McIlvaine and Jesse D. Elliott; eleven in-lots fronted on Beaver Dam road and two on Fair street. In the same year Levi Sargent made an addition of twelve lots and two out-lots, south of Water street and west of Fox alley. William F. Neely and Joseph Welty, in 1853, made their North Addition, consisting of twenty-two lots, located mostly on North street, between Fifth and Broadway.E. Janes' Addition, of three out-lots and sixteen lots, twelve on East Front and four on an extension of High street, now East avenue, was made in 1857. "West Philadelphia," consisting of fifty-one lots, located west of Chestnut and south of High street, was laid out by C. H. Mitchener in 1867. Kate and T. H. Smith, in 1868, laid out three building lots on East avenue. In 1868, Sargent's Northern Addition, consisting of thirty-five lots, between Fifth and Sixth streets, was laid out. A. T. Raiff's Addition of twelve lots, north of Moravian alley and west of West street, was made in 1869. In the same year, John Kaserman laid out his addition of twenty-two lots south of East avenue. The addition of John Arn and Jacob Nickles was made in 1870; it consists of ten tots, located north of Moravian alley and west of Walnut street. "West avenue," adjoining New Philadelphia on the southwest, and consisting of sixty-seven blocks, was laid out in 1872. N. Montag's Addition of nine lots on North West street was laid out the same year. William Campbell, in 1882, subdivided Lots 25, 26, 27 and 28. Eleven building lots were, in 1883, laid out north of West High street by Joseph Welty. Besides the above, a number of outlots adjacent to New Philadelphia have been platted and recorded.

474 - HISTORY OF TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.

New Philadelphia was incorporated by act of Legislature passed February 12, 1833. The first election for officers was held on Monday, May 6, following. Thirty-seven votes were polled, and the following citizens were elected to office: B. M. Atherton Mayor, or President, as it was then called; Andrew Seaton, Recorder; John Coventry, Treasurer; Samuel W. Kenrick, Marshal; Francis D. Leonard, John W. Taylor, Peter Cribbs, Sr., Thomas Sargent and David Baltzly, Town Council. The election was held in the court house, and the officers conducting it were Joseph Talbot and Henry Stiffier, Judges; George M. McConnell, Clerk. At the second annual election, held May 5, 1834, forty-one votes were cast, and B. M. Atherton was re-elected Mayor. He continued in this office until 1838, and his successors. with the dates of their first election, were the following: George N. Allen, 1839; Peter Williams, 1840; David English, 1841; Isaac Hartman, 1842; Benjamin W. Morris, 1844; John J. Camp, 1846; Thomas J. Sargent, 1848; John English, 1849; Seymour Belden, 1851; George W. McIlvaine, 1852; James Simpson, 1853; William M. McPherrin, 1854; O. P. Taylor, 1855; W. L. Robb. 1858; Morgan Butler, 1860; J. H. Barnhill, 1861; Asbury Insley, 1862; J. H. Collier, 1864; John N. Ferrell, 1865; ;D. W. Stambaugh, 1866; Daniel Korns, 1868; J. P. Chapin, 1872; Daniel Korns, 1874; T. C. Ferrell, 1876; William Campbell, 1880, present incumbent.

Eagle Hall is a large brick structure, standing on the southwest corner of High and Third streets, and was built in 1871 by the Council of New Philadelphia at a cost of $22,000. It contains, on the first floor, the Mayor's office, the fire department, and cells for the accommodation of offenders against the peace and dignity of the law; on the second floor is a spacious public hall, which is now temporarily used as an office by the County Recorder and Probate Judge.

The fire department first sprang into existence by the organization of a fire company about 1856, of which O. H. Hoover was Secretary, and William Campbell, Treasurer. . Several years later, a hand engine, built at the old foundry of English, Roby & Dixon, was purchased. It was kept in an old building which stood on the court house lot, and the company held its meet ings in the court house until the erection of Eagle Hall. In 1872, a steam fire engine was purchased from the Silsby Manufacturing Company, Seneca, N. Y., for $5,000, which was used until 1883, when a new engine was purchased from the same company. John Orr was the first Chief Engineer of the company, succeeded by William Campbell. Simon Hensel now holds that position. The department now consists of the hook and ladder company and the engine company, each of which alternately recommends the name of a member for the position of Chief Engineer to the City Council, which then appoints him for a term of two years.

A market house formerly occupied Lot 156, East High street, the site of Wells' drug store. It was little used for its intended purpose. The rooms above the market stalls were for many years occupied by the village school.

SCHOOLS.

Who taught the first school at New Philadelphia, who attended and where the building stood cannot now be ascertained. The first log jail, built soon after the county was organized, located on the court house lot, was used for purposes of education occasionally, when not needed to subserve the ends of justice. George W. Canfield and others taught here. A few years later, a hewed-log schoolhouse was built on the west end of the Getzman lot, No. 253, which fronts on Third street, and was donated by John Knisely for a German school lot. After this primitive schoolhouse had served its purpose, the

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schools were conducted generally in the four rooms of the old market house, until the two-story brick was erected on the site of the present school building about 1850. Among the public instructors in the old market house was George W. McIlvaine. The basement of the old Lutheran Church had also been occupied as a school room, and terms of school were taught in various other unoccupied buildings in the village.

At a meeting held March 25, 1850, by the electors of District No. 1, in Goshen Township, it was decided by a unanimous vote to organize a special district for school purposes, under the act of Legislature passed March 21, 1849. The Directors of the district at, this time were J. P. Chapin, C. H. Mitchener and John Coventry, and the present site of the school buildings had already been selected and a two-story brick school house, 40x75 feet, partially erected. The first Board of Education was elected April 8, 1850, and consisted of C. H. Mitchener, William Helmick, J. Coventry, J. P. Chapin, J. Demuth and L. Sargent. The building was erected and furnished and tho total cost, including the ground, as shown by the record, was $4,035. The first Principal in the new building was A. C. Allen; and the teachers James Heller, J. W. Kitch. Mary A. Russell, Elizabeth Robinson and Mary Seaton. The school was divided into three grades, and the studies authorized in the highest, grade were the common English branches, physiology, history, algebra, natural philosophy and rhetoric. The zeal of the Directors at that time is made apparent from the following resolution, passed October 20, 1850: "Resolved, That it be the duty of the Board of Directors and Examiners to visit the school, at least one of them, every day." The enumeration of the school youth in the district in October, 1850, was 528; of these 377 were enrolled in school, and the average daily attendance for the first school year reached 249.

Mr. Allen continued Principal for two years, and is yet remembered for the thorough discipline he established in the schools. In the fall of 1852, J. W. Keel succeeded Mr. Allen and remained two years. He was followed by A. Kirk, who also served two years. In 1856, Joseph Welty was elected Principal and continued in service six years. In 1862, W. R. Pugh was constituted Principal and served two years. He was succeeded by J. L. McIlvaine, who served one year. Joseph Welty was then recalled and has remained in charge ever since.

In the spring of 1858, on account of the crowded state of the school, the voters authorized an enlargement of the school building, and four rooms were added at a cost of about $3,000. Better grading and classification followed, and the schools received a fresh impulse toward improvement; in 1864, J. L. McIlvaine reported to the board a three years' course of study for the high school, which was adopted, and with slight changes has been followed to the present. This introduction marked a new era in the high school. Mr. McIlvaine reclassified the high school and prepared the first class, consisting of five young ladies, for graduation. In 1866, further enlargement of the school building became necessary, and at an election held February 24 of that year, the board was authorized to negotiate a loan of $7,000 to increase the capacity of the schoolhouse. The building was remodeled and enlarged, and attained a front of 119 feet, a depth of eighty-two feet and had ample space for fourteen rooms. In February, 1877, the entire building was destroyed by fire. The same spring an act of Legislature was passed, authorizing the School Board to levy a tax in the school district and issue bonds to the amount of $35,000 for the erection of a new school building. Work was immediately commenced and the structure was completed the same year. The old building had been insured for about $13,000. The new schoolhouse, including furniture and some repairs, cost $50,000, and in size, appearance and convenient

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arrangement is unsurpassed in this part of the State. It is heated by steam, has an excellent system of ventilation, and contains eighteen rooms. fifteen of which are sufficient at present to accommodate the various departments. The enrollment for the year 1882-83 exceeded 800, and the average attendance was about 600. At the close of this school year, Prof. Joseph Welty was re-elected to serve his twenty-fifth year as Superintendent of the schools. Eighteen classes have completed the high school course of study and graduated with public exercises.

CHURCHES.

Lutheranism in New Philadelphia dates its origin almost with the foundation of the village. In 1808, just four years after the town was laid out. Rev. Christian Espich arrived with his family and built him a cabin on Lower Broadway, near the river. There were but four families here at that time, and Rev. Espich served the people in the double capacity of preceptor and minister. The services were conducted in the German language, and were held in the rude log cabins of the day. Rev. John Stough followed him, and a little later, between 1810 and 1814, Rev. Jacob Rhineheart. In 1815, Rev. Abraham Snyder came to New Philadelphia from Columbiana County, organized a church and became its first settled pastor. He remained in charge for a period of eight or nine years. After the first log jail was built on the lot now occupied by the court house, services were held in its second story- until some time during Rev. Snyder's pastorate, when a building was erected on Lot 253, north of the court house, which served both for a church and a school house. After the brick court bouse was completed, about 1819, services were held in it for about fifteen years-until the erection of the Lutheran Church in 1834, the Lutherans and Presbyterians occupying it each alternate Sunday. Rev. Snyder's labors ceased in 1823 or 1824, and for several years the peoples were obliged to depend on traveling missionaries. During this time they were visited by Rev. James Manning, Rev. Rodaker, Rev. Wagenhals, and perhaps one or two others. The society became disorganized and the members discouraged.

In October, 1831, Rev. Emanuel Greenwold, a young minister seeking a Western field of labor, reached New Philadelphia, held services in the court house, and was induced to remain, reorganize and rebuild the society. An organization was effected and the first officers elected February 12, 183'2, were George Stiffler and Jacob Kitch, Elders, and Nicholas Neighbor and Charles Korns, Deacons. At his first communion, held April 8, 1832, sixty-seven persons partook, and the church grew rapidly under his charge. He slid not con fine his work to New Philadelphia, but extended it in all directions, at one time having fifteen appointments. September 11, 1834, the corner-stone of a church building was laid with appropriate services. It stood on Lot 161, the site of the present church, cost about $2,000, was one story in height, surmounted by spire and bell, had a gallery on three sides and a seating capacity of about 700. The building committee consisted of Peter Williams, Charles Morns, Jacob Kitch and Samuel Stough. Rev. Greenwold remained in charge twenty years, resigning it to accept a call from the English Lutheran Church in Columbus, Ohio in October, 1851. Rev. Moses M. Bartholomew succeeded him, remaining till the spring of 1854. Rev. H. M. Bickel then served from June, 1854, to 1857; Rev. Thomas Hill from October, 1857, to April, 1860; Rev. G. F. Stelling, from July, 1860. to August, 1864. During his pastorate the parsonage was erected at a cost of $2,000. Rev. Dr. U. J. Knisely succeeded, remaining little longer than a year. Rev. P. Stans Hooper followed, serving from January, 1867, to the summer or fall of 1868. Rev. George Scholl was elected pastor in December. 1868, and took charge

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April 1, 1869, remaining till the fall of 1871. During his ministry the present commodious brick church edifice was constructed. The corner-stone was laid in the spring of 1871), and the building committee consisted of the pastor, Daniel Minnich, Joseph Welty, John G. Kohr and Isaac Everett. Its cost was about $17,000. During its erection, services were held in the schoolhouse and were then transferred to the lecture room of the new church. The audience room was not finished until after Rev. M. L. Wilhelmi, who succeeded Rev. School, took charge. He served. from January, 1872, to June, 1875, and was succeeded by Rev. Dr. Stock, who was elected pastor in April, 1876, and delivered his last sermon to this congregation in the spring of 1880. Rev. George M. Heindel, the present pastor, was then installed. The congregation enrolls a membership of 195. The Sabbath school is well attended and prosperous.

The first Presbyterian minister who preached at New Philadelphia with any degree of regularity was Rev. Jonathan Leslie, who was commissioned by the Assembly's Board of Homo Missions to labor here and at other points. He was superseded in November, 1828, by Rev. Charles Birge, who was sent to Ohio by the American Home Missionary Society, and by the advice of Rev. J. B. Morrow, of Canton, came to New Philadelphia and preached for probably one ,year. In 1830, the Presbyterian families of the village, petitioned the board to send a missionary who should divide his time equally between New Philadelphia and Sandyville. This arrangement was approved, and in April, 1831, Rev. J B. Morrow came under the appointment of the board. This minister remained until September, 1885, and returned April 1, 1840, filling appointments here and at Uhrichsville. A church organization was effected in June, 1840. David English and Thomas King were elected Elders, December 15, 1840, and ordained on the following 10th of January. Rev. Morrow supplied the congregation until his death, July 30, 1842. The church was then without preaching until September, 1843, when Rev. T. M. Finney was called. He became the first regular pastor by installation, April 29, 1844, and remained until 1849. His successor was Rev. George S. Inglis, who ministered to this church from November, 1851, to April, 1853. A vacancy then occurred in the pastorate until 1856, and daring the interval a division of the congregation occurred, one branch organizing a Congregational Church, which called to its pastorate Rev. Lucius Smith, who remained until July, 1859. After his departure, this church affiliated with the New School Presbytery, and Rev. D. E. Wells assumed a -pastoral relation to the congregation, which continued until February, 1864. Meanwhile Rev. D. S. Logan had ministered to the Old School branch from July, 1859, to July, 1861. A reconciliation and union of the two divisions was effected October 22, 1864, after which Rev. C. J. Hunter was called and installed pastor, June 24, 1865. He remained until April, 1870. and his successor, Rev. W. R. Kirkwood, entered upon his ministerial duties, January 14, 1872, remaining until September, 1880. In April, 1881, Rev. C. M. McNulty began a pastorate which lasted one year. The present pastor, Rev. James A. Cook, commenced his labors with this congregation October 1, 1882. The present church edifice, the only one this congregation has owned, located on Lot 190, East High street, was built in 1841, and in 1873, remodeled at a cost of $6,000. The lot was donated to the society by Thomas Sargent. Prior to the erection of the house of worship, services were held at the court house, which in early days served as a common meeting house for all denominations. The earliest members of the Mission Church at New Philadelphia were Mrs. Chloe Atherton, Mrs. Mary Morris, Mrs. Beulah, Mrs. Jane Abell, Mrs. Catherine Pat rick, Thomas Stevenson and wife Sarah, James M. Smith, Jane Newbury,

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Mrs. Juliana Sargent and others. Many of these, together with Michael Smith, John Farris, John Emerson, David Barnhill, Mrs. Elizabeth King, Mrs. Lucina Baltzly, Charles M. Fowler, David English, Mrs. Sarah Williams (still living), Thomas King, William Shear and a few others were members at the organization of the congregation in 1841. Besides David English and Thomas King, Thomas Magee, John Welch and E. T. Bell have served as Ruling Elders. The session at present consists of Elisha Janes, B. Demuth, William Jennison, D. M. Gudgon, J. M. Kennedy and J. Foster Wilkin. The membership is about 130. An interesting Sunday school is maintained.

The first Methodist Society of New Philadelphia was organized in 1827 or 1828, and its members were William Butt, Sr., W. Butt, Jr., Mrs. Dr. James W. English, Mrs. Cryder and Mrs. Sargent. John Hildt, from Dover, was the first Class-Leader. New Philadelphia Circuit was taken from those of Dover, Canton and Leesburg at the annual conference held in Clarksburg, Va., July 20, 1840. At the third quarterly conference, held March 6, 1841, Robert Hopkins, Presiding Elder, C. E. Weirich and William Knox, preachers, it was resolved that David Rummell, George W. Wilt and John Ditto be appointed a committee to estimate the cost of a church building. The estimate reported was $1,000 and amount subscribed $950. A contract was entered into to have the house of worship completed by November, 1841; James Ross was the builder. The church was dedicated by Rev. Henry Whitman. It stood on Lot 117, West Front street, now occupied by the planing mill. As early as 189, subscriptions were taken to purchase Lot 209, on the northwest corner of Fifth and High streets, a more eligible site and larger house being needed by the society. The present building was erected in 1866, and dedicated by Rev. Bishop Simpson, August 28, 1867. Its cost, together with that of the parsonage, was about $20,000. The church is large and substantially finished, and has a seating capacity of 600. Rev. John Brown is the present pastor of the congregation, which numbers 275 members, and is the largest in Now Philadelphia. Like the other denominations in the village, it sustains a flourish ing Sabbath school.

The Disciple Church, situated on the north side of High street, west of Sixth, is probably the oldest religious structure in New Philadelphia. It is a modest brick edifice, erected about 1842. Several years prior to 1832, Rev. Alexander Campbell, the founder of this denomination, delivered several discourses at the court house, and soon after Rev. Joshua Webb, a pioneer minister of this faith, held services at New Philadelphia, which was attended with success. The Peppers family had removed from Harrison County, where they had accepted the teachings of Dr. Campbell, and formed the nucleus of a little society which was organized by Rev. Webb. For a few years the little band flourished; then influence waned and it disbanded. A re-organization was effected July 13, 1813, through the instrumentality of Rev. Regle. Among the earliest members were John, Joshua, and Albert Peppers, Gaorge Huston, W. R. Chilson, Dr. J. C. Raed, Caspar Singhaus, Seth W. Dorsey and Guy Saben. The lot upon which the church stands was donated to the society by Mr. Dorsey. The organization of the church has been actively maintained for forty years, though of late the society has not always been regularly sup plied with a pastor. Rev. J. H. Dodds officiates at the present time, giving to this congregation one fourth of his time. The membership is nearly fifty. A well attended Sabbath school is now held.

The First Regular Baptist Church of New Philadelphia was organized March 7, 1858, with the following eleven members: David Alter, Sarah Alter, William Graham, Benjamin Miller, Cyrus Alter, Julia N. Merriman, Catherine Miller, Sarah Uhrich, Esther Alter. Rebecca Ann Miller and Eliza

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Furney. Rev. Leonard Frescoln was Moderator at the organization. A Baptist congregation had formerly worshiped at Dover, but in consequence of the removal of most of its members, many of them to the vicinity of New Philadelphia, the society was disbanded, the church property sold, and its pro ceeds used in erecting a neat brick edifice in New Philadelphia, on Lot 256, southwest corner of Fair and Third streets. This was completed shortly before the organization of the New Philadelphian congregation, and has ever since been its place of worship. Rev. Ammerman was an early minister in charge, and subsequent to 1865 the pastors have been successively Rev. J. L. Philips, P. P. Kennedy, N. Crandall, G. W. Taylor, J. J. Davis, H. W. Conley, who remained but a short time, and was succeeded in April, 1883, by John S. Gough, the present pastor. The present -membership of the church is forty-four. A prosperous Sabbath school is maintained.

The German Reformed Church was organized in February, 1859, with a membership of about thirty. In 1861, their house of worship, a substantial brick structure on the southeast corner of Second and Fair streets, was erected, and soon after a parsonage was built on Ray street, opposite the cemetery, which was occupied by the pastors in charge until the summer of 1883, when a new parsonage was built adjacent to the church building. Rev. John Rettig was called to assume charge of the congregation in 1860, and in December, 1861, he resigned. Rev. Charles Bank succeeded him, and administered to the church about six years. Rev. E. G. Zahner, now of Shanesville, followed and remained about four years. Rev. P. Greding was the next minister, continuing eight years, or until 1880, when the present pastor, Rev. Christian Weis ner, was installed. Until the church edifice was erected, meetings were held in the English Lutheran Church; services are regularly held in German, occasionally in English. The present membership of the church is 215. Connected with it is a flourishing Sabbath school.

A portion of the German Reformed membership, possessing very liberal ideas, separated from the church, organized themselves into a German Rational Congregation, built a frame church at the east end of High street, and for a time had regular services. This faith did not thrive, the society lost strength, and the building was sold to the United Brethren Church.

The German Lutheran congregation of New Philadelphia, St. Paul's, assisted in the erection of the German Church on the corner of Second and Fair streets in 1861, and at present possesses a half interest in the property, and worships there. The congregation was organized many years prior to the building of the church, and the earlier meetings were held in the English Lutheran Church. The present membership is small, embracing about twenty-five families, and Rev. Henry Eppens, of Dover, is pastor.

The German Methodist Church established a mission at New Philadelphia about 1855. Several years later a great revival was conducted by Revs. Nachtreib and Hotzer at the court house, where almost a hundred souls were converted. Three classes were organized and prospered for a time. Meetings were held at different places; for a time in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Various causes conspired to reduce the membership, until but nine remained. In 1867, Mrs. Joss undertook the task of obtaining sufficient subscriptions to erect a chapel; and secured $900. Mr. C. H, Mitchener, who had laid out an addition southwest of New Philadelphia, donated a lot for the site of the structure, and in 1869 Mrs. Joss completed the building, She then deeded the property to the German Methodist Episcopal Conference, which for a short time supplied it with a minister and then withdrew its support. The United Brethren then worshiped there for a short time, and several years ago the property was purchased by the Dunkards, or German Baptists, who have since

480 - HISTORY OF TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.

regularly conducted services there each alternate Sunday. The Society of Dunkards is small, and the ministers who fill the pulpit at present are Peter Cullers and Edward Loomis.

The United Brethren congregation was organized in 1875 with a membership of about thirty. Soon after, the frame church building, situated on the corner of East street and the Beaver Dam road, was purchased from the Ger man Universalist society and since used as the place of worship. Rev. R. Rock was the first minister. He organized the society and remained in charge two years. Rev. E. Lower, the next pastor, resigned before serving his first year, which was completed by Rev. Earheart. Rev. A. R. Bower was the next minister, remaining one year, and was succeeded by Rev. A. K. Singer, who labored in this society two years. Rev. G. F. Deal, the next and present pastor, will complete his second year of service in the autumn of 1883. The first Class Leader was Henry Fisher; he has ever since maintained this position, excepting one year, during which I. L. Hathaway was leader. The congregation now includes about eighty members. The Sabbath school, organized immediately after the church was founded, enrolls eighty sebolars,and has an average attendance of sixty.

CEMETERY.

The New Philadelphia Cemetery, located on the north side of Fair street, east of Second, is the only burial ground that has ever existed in the village. The four lote, 273 to 276 inclusive, situated at the northwest corner of East and Fair streets, which were donated by the proprietor of the town plat for German religious societies, was the first depository of the silent dead, and as the needs of additional burying grounds arose, adjacent territory was included, till the grounds now include ten acres. They were surveyed in 1857 by Solomon Hoover, and within the last eighteen years have been greatly beautified. The first burial in the cemetery is said to have been that of a man who was drowned in Sandy Creek,and whose remains floated down the river till caught in some driftwood near New Philadelphia. John Judy, Sr., died in 1807, and was the second person buried in the cemetery. Many fine marble shafts have been erected within the grounds. The Everett vault. was the first erected. The Hummell and Buell vaults, since built, cost $3,000 each.

SECRET ORDERS.

The introduction of secret orders into Tuscarawas County dates back as far as 1820. On the 1st day of March of that year, a dispensation to open a lodge of Freemasons was issued to Wright Warner, W. M.; Jabez Clark, S. W.; James Galbraith, J. W.; Stephen Shanks, Thornton Whitacre, John B. Sap. pington, George W. Canfield. Alexander McGowan and William Blickensderfer. A charter was granted in December, 1821, and New Philadelphia Lodge, No. 59. became a fully organized association. Among its members were George Pfonts, Robert Sargent, James L. Crane, David Toland, Nicholas McCarty, Phineas Spencer, Nathan Spencer, Thomas G. Revel and Luther Drury. Its membership did not attain to any considerable strength. Shortly after its foundation, an overwhelming wave of sentiment against the Masons swept over the country, and it was, doubtless, in consequence of this opposition that the lodge languished. It maintained an existence until 1828, then surrendered its charter, and for sixteen years New Philadelphia was without a lodge. The following notice appeared in the Tuscarawas Chronicle, June 16, 1821:

MASONIC- Notice is hereby given that the anniversary of St. John the Baptist, will be celebrated by the brethren of NEW PHILADELPHIA LODGE, at New Philadelphia, on Monday, the 25th of June inst. A discourse will be delivered on the occasion by the Rev. T.

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G. Jones, at 2 o'clock P. M. Brethren of adjacent lodges are respectfully invited to attend. By order of the Worshipful Master.

. WHITACRE, Secretary.

NEW PHILADELPHIA, June 10, A. L. 5821.

Mount Moriah Lodge, No. 177, F. & A M., held its first meeting at the Lion Hotel by warrant of a dispensation from the Grand Master of Ohio, May 16, 1844. Those present at this meeting were Daniel Christy, W. M.; David H. Whiting, 5. W.; J. L. Simington, J. W.; G. W. Canfield, S. D.; Marcus Moses, J. D.; Jesse D. Elliott, Secretary; Egidens Rummell, Tiler. The first work which was done, May 31, 1849, was the initiation of G. W. McIlvaine, present Supreme Judge of Ohio. A charter was granted, October 10, 1849, in which the officers named were George W. Chapman, W. M.; J. L. Simington, J. W.; George W. Canfield, S. D.; Marcus Moses, J. D.; J. B. Parrish, Treasurer; J. D. Elliott, Secretary; Egidens Rummell, Tiler. The first election was held December 19, 1840, and the above officers elected. The Masters thereafter elected have been G. W. McIlvaine, D. W. Magee, O. P. Taylor, J. H. Barnhill, W. L. Robb, O. H. Hoover and J. L. McIlvaine. September 30. 1853, the name of the lodge was changed to New Philadelphia, there being another Mount Moriah Lodge in the State. The present membership is about seventy, and the officers are J. L. McIlvaine, W. M.; Frederick Schweitzer, S. W.; Joseph Strickmaker, J. W.; William H. Criswell, Treasurer; William Reidenbach, Secretary; John Breidenstine, S. D.; J. D. Laughead, J. D.; Joseph Ditto, Tiler. The hall in the City Block is handsomely furnished.

Tuscarawas Chapter, No. 38, Royal Arch Masons, was organized at Dover. January 21, 1848, under dispensation; a charter was granted September 9, 1848, and the charter members were John G. F. Holston, H. P.; Zachariah Eddy, K.; Robert H. Nugen, S.; T. R. Greenleaf, Nathaniel Gilmore, Daniel Christy, John Allen, John Barton and John Buchanan. October 14, the Grand Chapter authorized Tuscarawas as chapter, to hold its meetings at New Philadelphia instead of Dover, if the members so desired, but no action was taken under the permission until May 25, 1858, when a resolution was adopted to remove the chapter to New Philadelphia. The meetings are held Thursday evenings before each full moon. The officers now serving are O. P. Taylor, H. P.; A. H. Brown, K.; Daniel Korns. S.; J. C. Price, C. of H.; J. L. McIlvaine, P. S.; J. P. Kniseley, R. A. C.; William Reidenbach, M. of 3d V.; William Lenbart, M. of 2d V.; Frederick Schweitzer, M. of 1st V.; William H. Criswell, Treasurer; E. Fribley, Secretary; F. P. Williams, Guard. The membership is about fifty.

New Philadelphia. Lodge, No. 10'7. I. 0. 0. F., was instituted April 4, 1848, John R. Worman, R. W. G. M., officiating on the occasion. The charter members were Jesse D. Elliott, George C. Graham, Charles H. Mitchener, James Moffitt, Anson P. Adair, Anthony Sluthour and Henry E. Wade. The following were the first officers: Jesse D. Elliott, N. G.; James Moffitt, V G.; Anson T. Adams, Secretary; Charles H. Mitchener, Treasurer; Henry E. Wade, S. W.; Charles H. Mathews, Conductor; Anthony Sluthour, I. G. George C. Graham, O. G.; H. J. Howard, R. S.; Jacob Heck, L. S. The order has a commodious, well-furnished lodge-room in the City Block, one of the finest in Eastern Ohio, in which it meets every Tuesday night. The membership is about 100. The lodge is now officered by John A. Hines, N. G.; John Figert, V. G.; I. A. Correl, Recording Secretary; S. B. `Flora, Permanent Secretary: D. C. Geutsch, Treasurer.

In 1860, owing to the size of this lodge, it was deemed expedient to organize a new lodge. Accordingly, Schoenbrun Lodge was instituted by Rev.

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C. Haddaus, R. W. G. M., of Columbus, July 9, 1869. ts members are Germans and its condition is prosperous.

Bethesda Encampment, No. 39, I. O. O. F., was instituted at Dover, and removed thence to New Philadelphia, July 29, 1867. It was organized with seven members, Chris Bigler and the following charter officers: John I. Smith, C. P.; H. T. Stockwell, H. P.; Jesse S. Deardorff, S. W. : C. H.Mathews, J. W.; John S. Hull, Secretary: I. N. Deardorff, Treasurer. At present D. C. Geutsch is C. P.; Philip Getzman, H. P.; A. Bippus. S. W.; J. G. Diefenbacher, J. W.; I. A. Correl, S.; Louis Zellner, Treasurer. The membership now numbers fifty-seven.

Equity Lodge, No. 73, Knights of Pythias, was organized at New Philadelphia, September 12, 1874, with twenty-two members. the Uhrichsville and Canton Lodges officiating in the ceremonies of institution. The first officers of Equity Lodge were D. C. Geutsch, P. C.; Philip Getzman, C. C.; J. A. D. Richards, V. C.; G. L. Tinker, Prelate; T. C. Ferrell, K. of R. and S.; J. W. Kinsey, M. of F.; Louis Zellner, M. of Es.; George M. Bowers. Master at Arms; J. H. Ditto, O. G.; Charles Schlegel, I. G. Besides the above, the charter members were W. H. Sellers, H. V. Schweitzer. W. W. Smith, William H. Criswell, N. Gardner, F. Kinsey, C. Hamersly, F. R. Bigler, Jacob Wise, John Hupfield, Solomon Ashbaugh and Martin Kughler. Of the charter members three have died-Solomon Ashbaugh, Martin Kughler and J. H. Ditto. The lodge has a nicely furnished hall, and meets Thursday evening of each week. Its membership is thirty-five, and its present officers J. S. Bigler, P. C.; R. W. McIlvaine. C. C.; Simon Darst, V. C.: Dr. Charles W. Wilkin. Prelate; George W. Bowers, K. of R. and S. ; F. R. Bigler, M. of F.; John Hupfield, M. of Ex.; F. W. Collins, Master at Arms; William Schanfler, I. G.; John Darst, O. G.

Philos Council, No. 390, Royal Arcanum, was instituted October 2, 1.879, with a membership of twenty-three. Its charter officers were Asbury Insley, Regent; J. W. Ferguson, Vice Regent; R, J. W. Dodd, Orator; F. C. Mil ler, Past Regent; W. H. Miller, Secretary; W. H. Walton, Collector; C. C. Welty, Treasurer. Thomas Sutton, Chaplain; J. H. Ditto, Guide; H. P. Fribley, Warden; George L. Taylor, Sentry; J. T. McClean, Medical Examiner; J. D. Elliott, R. J. W. Dodd, W. C. Sutton, Trustees. The charter membership included, besides the foregoing officers, James M. Kennedy, A. R. Holmes, James G. Patrick, O. P. Scott, C. H. Mathews, George W. Sharp. E. A. Deardorff, William McClean and Rev. W. R. Kirkwood. The object of the association is beneficiary. The lodge meets in the hall of the Knigbts of Pythias, and its membership is now thirty-four.

Andrew Craw+ford Post. No. l , G. A. R., was organized January 22. 1883, with forty-six members. It was named in honor of the first soldier from this Bounty who fell a sacrifice in the rebellion. The charter and present officers are Fletcher Douthitt. C.; A. R. Holmes, S. V. C.; James Minnis, J. V. C., Daniel Kerns, Adjutant; 1. A. Correll. Quartermaster-; Joseph Ditto, Surgeon; J. B. Cook, Chaplain; John H. Ditto. O. D.: C. i11. Rittenhouse, O. G.; Daniel Sweeny, S. M.; L. R. McClelland. Q. S. M. The membership has increased to fifty-five, and the po=t meets the first and third Mondays of each month.

Tuscarawas Lodge, No. of. Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, was instituted at New Philadelphia, April 14, 1883, by John J. Davis. It possesses a large membership, and meets on Saturday of each week. The officers are Thomas J. Robinson, President; Patrick Hannon, Vice President; William Southan, Recording Secretary; John C. Kelly. Financial See retary; Reuben Winters, Treasurer.

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THE PRESS.

The Tuscarawas Chronicle, now the Advocate, was the first and for many years the only newspaper published in Tuscarawas County. In 1819, when the village of New Philadelphia was in its infancy, containing scarcely more than 200 inhabitants, James Patrick engaged in an enterprise of very doubtful pecuniary success, by launching into existence the above-named paper. Its first number is dated August 24, 1819, and the sheet was a four-column folio, 11x18 inches in size, and published' at a subscription price of $2 per year. Mr. Patrick was born in Belfast, Ireland August 6, 1792. He' there learned the printer's trade, and at the age of twenty-five years crossed the ocean, and for a time was foreman in Col. J. Duane's printing office, Philadelphia. He then came to New Philadelphia, where he remained one of its most honored citizens until his death, January 23, 1883. The Chronicle has ever since been regularly published, and is to-day one of the leading organs of the county. It has passed through few changes of ownership during its career of sixty-four years. Mr. Patrick remained its publisher and editor until 1834, when he sold it to Samuel Douglas, who rechristened and called it the Tuscarawas Advocate, by which name it has since been known. Two years later James Patrick repurchased the paper and published it until the spring of 1846, when he sold the establishment to his son, Andrew Patrick, and retired' from journalistic life. In 1856, Dr. James Simpson purchased a one-half interest, but held it for a single year only. In 1863, V. P. Wilson was associated with Mr. Patrick in the paper, but he, too, retired at the end of a year. In 1865, McIlvaine & Pittenger came into possession of the Advocate by purchase, but soon after Mr. Pittenger sold his interest to his partner, J. L. Mcllvaine, who has ever since been its sole publisher and editor. The paper is now a nine-column folio, 22x29 inches in size. In earlier days it was a stanch adherent of Whig politics, and has since been unwavering in its fealty to the Republican party. The first number of the Ohio Democrat and Dover Advertiser was issued August 1. 1839, in Dover by Hill & Mitchener. It was a six-column paper, and tho type and material used were old and had been purchased from a joint-stock company. The type had been used in 1837 and 1838 in the publication of a short-lived New Philadelphia paper called the Farmers' and Mechanics' Friend and Tuscarawas Democrat, established by Alfred S. Tilden, and subsequently edited for a short time by V. P. Bonham. The Ohio Democrat was regularly issued at Dover until atter the Presidential election in 1840, when it suspended for want of adequate support.

In May, 1841, the paper was resuscitated. Charles H. Mitchener, one of the former proprietors, associating himself with C. H. Mathews in its publication. The material was removed to New Philadelphia, where the paper has since been issued weekly, without missing a single number. The first number issued at New Philadelphia under the new management was dated June 17, 1841. The subscription list then did not exceed 400. The county was strongly Whig, and for several years the paper scarcely paid expenses. Business then began to improve. and June 25. 1846, the Democrat appeared in an enlarged and improved form. In September, 1846, Mr. Mitchener disposed of his half interest to Jesse D. Elliott. Elliott & Mathews conducted the paper until January, 1852, when Mathews sold his interest to Elliott; who published the Democrat for ten years. In 1862, he sold it to C. H. Mitchener, who managed it for a year. In June, 1864, the office and materials were leased by C. H. Mathews and Frederick Walter, who conducted it jointly until June, 1865, when it was repurchased by C. H. Mathews. The paper was then enlarged to eight columns, and in November, 1868, Mr. Mathews again associated with

486 - HISTORY OF TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.

him Jesse D. Elliott for one year. In June, 1870, Jesse D. Elliott and O. H. Hoover became the purchasers of a one-half interest in the paper, and the firm took the name Mathews, Elliott & Co., by whom it is still published. The subscription list has gradually increased from its date of publication, and since the war it has increased rapidly.

Der Deittsche Beobachter was started at New Philadelphia May 13, 1869, by Montag & Walter. In 1872, the name of the firm became, and has ever since been, Walter & Minnig, Frederick Walter and S. R. Minnig being both publishers and editors. This is the only German paper published in the county. It is issued every Wednesday, and has a wide circulation in this county, besides a considerable list from other counties. In politics it is Democratic.

The Tuscarawas Argus has had a brief but very successful existence. Its initial number was issued at Dover April 9, 1880, by W. H. Watson. January 1, 1883, the paper was removed to New Philadelphia, where it is now published. At the time of its removal, Jacob De Greif became the proprietor, W. H. Watson remaining in charge of the editorial department. In politics it adheres to the Democratic faith.

On the 23d of September, 1842, the first number of the Lutheran Standard was issued at New Philadelphia in the basement of the Lutheran Church. It was published under the auspices of the Board of Directors of the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Columbus, Ohio, and Rev. E. Greenwold, then pastor of the Lutheran Church at New Philadelphia, was its editor. The paper was a large folio, issued weekly at $2 per annum. The business management was attended to by a committee consisting of Jacob Overholt, John Everhard and Peter Williams. Its support was sufficient to pay all expenses, except a salary to the editor, who was obliged to labor gratuitously.

The Standard was published at New Philadelphia two years. the last number bearing date October 18, 1844, and was then removed to Zanesville, Ohio, and for some time published there under the editorship of Rev. Stephen A. Nealy.

MEDICAL.

The first resident physician at New Philadelphia way Christian Espich, a Lutheran minister, who combined a practice of theology and medicine. He came in 1808, and attended the missionary Zeisberger at Goshen during his last illness in the autumn of that year. Dr. Espich ministered not only to the ailments of the white settlers, but his services were frequently called into requisition by the Indians as well. He remained at New Philadelphia many years. Dr. Jacob Benope was the second physician. He was a native of Germany, and came to New Philadelphia from Baltimore, Md., prior to 1812. He lived on Water street, and remained in practice till his death in 1826. Dr. Samuel Stough was born May 20, 1790, on the bead-waters of the Monongahela. His parents several times changed their place of abode, and, in 1806, settled in Columbiana County, Ohio. In 1815, the young Doctor, in company with Rev. Abraham Snyder, came to New Philadelphia. After a long and eventful practice here he removed to Knox County. Dr. Orange Ranney probably came next. In 1836, Dr. R. Powleson opened a practice, which continued over forty years. When he came, Dr. Wilcox was engaged in the practice, but about 1838 sold out to Dr. Lewis and went West. Dr. Lewis remained only a few years. Dr. Daniel Richards opened an office in 1838 or 1840, and remained a prominent resident physician until his death, a few years ago. Dr. Charles Reed came about the same time, and after a successful practice of many years, removed to Massillon, and subsequently went West Dr. E. P. Buell 'was a leading physician for many years, maintaining an exten-

GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. - 487

sive practice until a short time prior to his recent death, excepting a few years, when he abandoned his lucrative practice to serve as Surgeon of the gallant Eightieth Ohio. Dr. Hiram Worstell practiced for a short time forty years ago. Somewhat later, two Drs. McCoy, brothers, were here. Dr. Benjamin Morris, proprietor of the Exchange Hotel for a while, also practiced. To enumerate all the physicians who have located at New Philadelphia would be difficult, if not impossible. Quite a number have opened an office and, remained but a short time. Three retired physicians, Drs. Kurtz, Powleson and Grimes, now reside at the county seat. Dr. T. H. Smith is the oldest present practitioner. He is a son. of Dr. William G. Smith, now deceased, who was for many years a practicing physician of New Philadelphia. Dr. T. H. Smith has been in practice here since 1854.

The other present physicians are Mrs. N. D. Richards, J. D. Otis, H. A. Moughiman, R. D. Saunders, J. M. Smith, J. T. UcLean, C. W. Wilkins, T. J. W. Richards and S. B. Emerson, regulars ; G. L. Tinker, eclectic, and George Peck, homeopathist.

A brief outline of the Tuscarawas County Medical Society, although an organization of the county, and not of New Philadelphia, is herewith presented.. It was organized at New Philadelphia June 10, 1844, with the following members: Richard Hewitt, of Port Washington; Daniel Richards, of New Philadelphia; Hiram Eckman, of Trenton; Josiah Beabout, of Sandyville; Samuel F. Marquis, Hiram Worstell, of New Philadelphia; John H. Charles, John C. McGregor, Felix D. McMeal, of Dover; William S. Myers, of Sandyville; David Nelson, of Port Washington; Franklin W. McCauley, of Uhrichsville; W. Goldrick, J. F. Ankenny, William Winnell, of Dover; and O. G. Seldon. The officers elected for the first year were F. D. McMeal, President; Richard Hewitt, Vice President: Daniel Richards, Secretary; William Winnell, Treasurer. The objects of the society as set forth in the constitution adopted were " the advancement and elevation of medical science and the promotion of harmony and good feeling among its members." The society continued in active operation for some time, but finally the regular meetings were unattended and the organization allowed to perish. On the 10th day of May, 1858, the society was re-organized at New Philadelphia with the following members: D. Richards, E. P. Buell, W. Crawford, W. G. Smith, E. H. McCoy and T. H. Smith, of New Philadelphia; F. D. McMeal and B. B. Brashear, of Dover; F. W. McCauley and J. W. S. Goudy, of Uhrichsville; H. Conway, of Port Washington; E. A. Oppelt, of Gnadenhutten, and O. G. Seldon of Shanesville. The society has since been regularly maintained. Since 1858 it has had seventy-nine members; of these twelve died, one was expelled, one dropped from the society, thirty-one removed from the county, and thirty-four remain members of good standing. The present officers are J. W. Exline, of Dover, President; J. T. McLean, of New Philadelphia, Vice President; H. Brannon, of Dover, Treasurer; A. M. Beers, of Newcomerstown. Secretary.

BANKING.

The first and for many years the only banking house of New Philadelphia, was known as Blickensderfer's Bank. The business was conducted in a small building which stood on Lot 150, High street, the site of the new hotel. A bill for $5, now in the possession of E. A. Deardorff, establishes the fact that " The Bank of New Philadelphia," which issued it, was in existence in 1817. C. Deardorff was then President and J. Blickensderfer, Cashier. A notice published in the Chronicle in November, 1819, directing the stockholders to meet at the office of Sylvester Johnson, to transact important business, indicates that the banking business was conducted for several years. Money

488 - HISTORY OF TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.

in that day was scarce, and the bank flooded the village with paper currency for amounts ranging from a sixpence upward.

Mr. C. H. Mitchener preserves this graphic account of the institution: "Like all other banks of that day in Ohio, it was honestly run on paper money only, although the bills promised to pay in gold or silver on sight. It was started to build up the town, but met with a sad accident. One day a stranger stopped in with $10,000 of the bills of the bank and demanded the coin. The officers told him to call in again in a short time. This gave them time to hide. They shut the bank and adjourned to Sluthour's shop. He told them he had not many shavings made, and that they had better separate; that he would hide the cashier in the shavings, while the president, having on a pair of leather or buckskin breeches, had better go into the red brush, near the present stable of J. C. Hance, and stay until the stranger left. Thus they kept shady until he was out of town. In a very short time be returned to the bank, and having no specie for him, they let the bank go up higher than a kite, and it never came clown. About 1852 or 1854, Peter Hines found the bank safe in a garret. If was an old-fashioned hair trunk, lined with newspapers, and behind which he found two Spanish quarters, dated 1796 and 1800, which the writer purchased for $1, so that he could boast of having all the specie of the first bank in New Philadelphia when it bursted."

After the collapse of the bank, New Philadelphia for many years had to transact its banking business at Cadiz, Massillon and other surrounding towns. In 1852, A. Vinton came to the county seat and soon after opened a private bank, which in 1865, he sold to A. Bates, who is still doing business at the Exchange Bank, with John Hance as Cashier and A. Bates, Jr., Assistant Cashier.

In 1866, the Citizens Bank was opened with a stock of $75,000 by Andrew Patrick and Henry Kaldenbaugh. In 1872, it was merged into the Citizens National Bank, having a capital stock of $100,000. This is the only National Bank at the county seat, and is now officered by S. O'Donnell, President; Henry Kaldenbaugh, Vice President; C. C. Welty, Cashier; and E. A. Deardorff, Assistant Cashier.

The City Bank, an unincorporated institution, was opened for business in the spring of 1876. E. Rosemond, the first President, was succeeded in 1881 by W. C. Browne, the present incumbent. H. L. Custer was the first and is the present Cashier.

INDUSTRIES.

One of the leading enterprises of New Philadelphia fifty years ago was the construction of the Lateral Canal. The county seat had lost the Ohio Canal, and Dover, its rival, secured it, greatly to the advantage of the latter and detri ment to the former. For the purpose of affording New Philadelphia the priv. ileges of a canal, the Lateral Canal Company was incorporated January 16, 1828. Stock was subscribed by the citizens, but work was not commenced for a few years. It was a work of cousiderable magnitude for a small village to attempt the construction of a canal two miles in length, and it progressed very slowly. At length, about 1835, Seaton & Leonard undertook to complete the canal and have a saw-mill in operation upon its banks within a prescribed period, in consideration that the canal property be granted to them. When partly constructed, the saw-mill was destroyed by fire, but, nevertheless, it was rebuilt and the work accomplished within the specified time. At the entrance of the Lateral Canal into the Tuscarawas River, a short distance above the old Baker Mill-Dam, a lock was constructed. From this entrance or outlet of the Lateral Canal, boats were poled across the river and towed up the river bank to the Sugar Creek lock of the Ohio Canal. Considerable advan-

GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. - 489

tage resulted to New Philadelphia. It became a wheat-buying point, and had greater facilities in receiving and shipping all kinds of merchandise than before. The canal also supplied the flour mill on its banks, and for a time the woolen mill, with water-power.

The Woolen Mills of New Philadelphia, located east of Broadway and south of the Cleveland, Lorain & Wheeling Railroad is, perhaps, the oldest manufacturing establishment now in operation here. It was started about 1844, by I. Steese, Samuel Douglass and Joseph Talbot. Within a few years, Peter Williams became interested, and for many years was identified with its operation. The mills have repeatedly changed possession; they are now owned by Charles B. Harvey, John S. Sharp and R. J. W. Dodd, and are operated by Burry, Dodd & Co. Twenty-five employes are engaged during about nine months of the year, and a full line of flannels, blankets, cassimeres, satinets, jeans, yarns and hose are manufactured.

The New Philadelphia Agricultural Works was the name of a stock company that was organized and commenced business in 1851. In that year a shop 80x35 feet in size was erected. The works were under the management of John S. Hall, and steam engines and mill gearing were manufactured. The shop was not fully supplied with the necessary machinery; however, and in two years the company suspended operation. The property was purchased by English, Roby & Dixon, and the manufacture of engines and gearing continued until 1860, when Ball's Reaper and Mower, now known as the Keystone Mower, and Pitt's Separator and Thresher were first manufactured. The manufacture of the threshers was discontinued about five years ago, but the reapers are still made, besides other lighter agricultural implements, including sulky corn plows and hay rakes. In 1864, after several changes in the firm name, English & Dixon became the proprietors; and have continued as such until 1883, when business was suspended. Unfinished work is being completed during the season of 188:3, and the outlook is favorable that the works will not be permanently discontinued. This has been the largest industrial establishment in New Philadelphia prior to the starting of the rolling mill. From 50 to 120 men were formerly employed, and 1,200 to 1,500 mowers annually manufactured.

The Tannery south of the rai road was built in 1866, by John Kunsley & Co. Bigler & Leus became the purchasers in 1872, and four years later Bigler Brothers, the present proprietors, obtained possession. In 1882, they greatly enlarged the capacity of the tanner; added new machinery and adopted the steam process of ianning, and have' thereby materially increased their business.

Two Planing Mills are now in full operation in New Philadelphia. The first was started in the old Methodist frame church on Front street in 1867 or 1868, by Isaac Everett and others. The building was burned in 1870, and was rebuilt by a new company. The property has several times changed possession, and is now operated by Criswell & Negley, and known as the Champion Planing Mill. The second planing mill was built a little later, on Lots 354 and 355, Ray street, by a joint stock company. It is known as the Buckeye Planing Mill, and at present is owned and operated by Warner, Lappin & Ervin.

The River Mills, now owned and operated by A. Beyers, located on the Lateral Canal, southwest of New Philadelphia, were first built by Seaton & Leonard about 1835. During President Jackson's administration, a surplus fund in the United States was divided among the States. Ohio apportioned her amount to the various counties in the State, and from Tuscarawas County Seaton & Leonard negotiated a loan of $20,000 of this fund; and with it

490 - HISTORY OF TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.

erected the mill and made other improvements on the Lateral Canal. Andrew Seaton soon became sole proprietor. He died in 1810, and the mill was then leased, and soon after purchased by Steese, Blickensderfer & Co., a firm composed of Isaac Steese, Abraham Blickensderfer, Peter Williams, Ed. McClain and John I. Smith. By them, it was enlarged from a custom mill of two run of buhrs to a merchant mill of twice the capacity, and soon after five additional buhrs were added. The mill then successively passed through the hands of Steese & Co., Peter I. Nevins & Sons, Gillet & Noble, J. Gillet, A. Beyers, Sr., and A. Beyers, Jr., the present owner. In 1881, Mr. Beyers introduced the roller system, and all the flower is now manufactured by that improved process. From 200 to 225 barrels of flour are daily produced. which is shipped mostly to Boston and New York. The power of the mill has always been supplied from the Lateral Canal.

Williamson & Black, about 1865, erected a frame steam grist mill on Lot 350, Kay street. In 1871, it was burned to the ground. A large, brick structure was immediately rebuilt, and operated by Samuel A. Hess. James Kennedy became a partner in the spring of 1874, and several months later the firm became Kennedy & Welty. In 1818, they leased it to J. H. Van Glahn, who remained in possession until it was a second time destroyed by fire during the night of May 28-29, 1883. The mill contained four run of buhrs, and did an extensive custom and merchant business.

The Smith Foundry Company was organized in the fall of 1882. A subscription of $10,000 was donated by the citizens, and a large building. 246x100 feet, was erected east of the rolling mills. Another building, 40x1311 feet, is adjacent. Besides a general foundry business. gas and water pipes are largely manufactured. About twenty men are now employed. and a considerable increase in the force is soon expected.

The New Philadelphia Gas Light Company was organized in 1875. A stock company, with $30.000 capital, was formed, but immediately the greater part of the stock was sold to R. G. Jordan, then of Wheeling. now of Columbus. J. L. McIlvaine was President at the original organization, and O. P. Taylor, Secretary and Treasurer. Mr. Jordan is now President, and Mr. Taylor retains his original official position.

The first carriage works in the county, and at present the most extensive of New Philadelphia, were erected by J. P. and D. T. Bartles on West Front street, in June, 1846. In 1871, J. P. Bartles became sole proprietor, and con tinued the manufacture alone for a few years, then received his son in partnership. The firm has since been Bartles & Son. From sixty to eighty vehicles are annually manufactured, and from eight to ten workmen employed.

Charles Houpt owns the only other buggy and carriage manufactory in the county seat. The shops are located on South Fifth street, and were erected in 1868 by Casson & Houpt. Two years later, the proprietors were Houpt Clewell, and after an equal period Mr. Houpt became and has since been sole owner. He manufactures from thirty-five to forty buggies each year.

The leading industrial works of New Philadelphia are the Ward Rolling Mills, which were formally opened March 15, 1883. On Monday, August 1, 1881, an election was held in New Philadelphia, in pursuance of an act of Legislature, passed in the preceding spring, authorizing the village to levy a tax of $50,000 for the erection of manufacturing shops, to vote for or against. the issuance of bonds to the amount of $50,000, for the erection of a rolling mill. The voters unanimously favored the project, and the City Council entered into negotiations with the Ward Iron Company, of Niles, Ohio, relative to the removal of their works to New Philadelphia. As a result, this company agreed to erect a new rolling mill at New Philadelphia and em-

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ploy therein 250 men, the town donating $40,000 and twenty acres of land. The Council purchased land in the river bottom, southwest of town, near Beyer's Mills, and the work of construction was begun in March, 1882, and completed a year later. The main building is 357 feet in length and 125 in width, with a wing 275x125 feet. The sheet mill, about 150 feet distant, is 125 feet square. The frame work and roofs of these buildings are composed wholly of iron. Two immense engines, each a 200-horse power, supply the motive power. The cost of the works was about $150,000. They were under the management of Mr. W. E. Ward. About fifty tons of muck iron were daily produced and twenty tons of sheet iron. About 240 men were on the pay rolls of the company, when in July. 1883, the Ward Iron Company, of Niles, made an assignment, and work was at once suspended at New Philadelphia. At this writing it has not vet been resumed.

HOTELS.

Taverns in early times performed an important function in the growth of villages. A constant stream of incoming settlers, who made their way to the West by tedious, toilsome journeys, and of prospectors for future homes, sup plied them with an abundance of guests. In those times, provision was also made at the tavern for the traveler's thirst, and at the bar liquors could always be obtained. In 1820, there were as many taverns in New Philadelphia as there are hotels to-day. As mentioned on a previous page, the first tavern was opened by George Leininger in 1808, or earlier, at the southwest corner of Front and Broadway. The Gray House., which was the now dilapidated struct. ure standing on the southeast corner of Front and Broadway, was used as a tavern stand for many years. During the period of its prime, say from 1836 to 1850, it was the leading tavern in the village. The old Grimm House, on the opposite side of Front street, was a well known and popular resort for travelers for a long time. The Lion House, which, however, often changed names, occupied the site, has been used longer for hotel purposes than any other in the village. Henry Laffer was inn-keeper here in a log cabin during the war of 1812; William Albert succeeded, and for many years Albert's tavern was well and widely known. The Alberts built a large brick hotel, the first three story brick building in the village, on the site of the old building, and it was occupied as a hotel by different landlords until within two or three years, since when it has been converted into business rooms and offices. The dry goods store of Mathias & McFarland occupies the corner room. The Exchange Hotel, now in charge of the genial and popular landlord, C. H. Harvey, is one of the oldest brick structures in town. and it, too, will soon be converted into other uses. The Exchange was built by Dr. Johnson; after his death, his widow married Dr. Benjamin Morris, who continued the proprietorship for many years. William Simeval came nest into possession, and he was succeeded by Thomas Moore, who purchased the hotel and installed himself its landlord in 1847, remaining four years. Many proprietors have since conducted this hotel.

At present (September, 1883), two hotels are in process of construction and another has been recently built. In 1881, Ernest Schmidt erected on North Broadway, just north of the court house, the Schmidt (now the Sherman) House. He remained its proprietor until January, 1883, when he leased it to the Zeely Brothers, who are now in charge. During the summer of 1883, Mr. Schmidt sold the hotel to Edward Rosemond. It is a handsome three-story brick, about forty-two by ninety feet in size.

Harrison Kail is erecting, on the northeast corner of Broadway and Front, the site of the Grimm House, recently torn down, a large three-story brick hotel.

494 - HISTORY OF TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.

On the south side of West High street, near the square, C. H. Harvey is building the new Exchange, which, when finished, will be one of the hand. somest hotel structures in this part of the State. It is 56x163 feet in size, and three stories in height.

The following is a summary of the mercantile business of New Philadelphia: Six dry goods and grocery stores, nine groceries, four drug stores, three clothing stores, four merchant tailoring establishments, three jewelry stores, two music stores, three hardware stores, six boot and shoe stores, and three furniture stores. There are also three millineries, three bakeries. three cigar manufactories, three liveries and fourteen saloons.

GOSHEN TOWNSHIP.

Goshen Township in its name preserves a link which connects it with the eventful occurrences in the Tuscarawas Valley prior to the formation of the State government. The beautiful spring, where the patriarch Zeisberger first led his band of peace-loving Indians in 1772, and founded the flourishing mission which he named Schonbrunn, is situated about two miles south of New Philadelphia, on the east side of the river.

In 1771, after five years of unparalleled prosperity, this village was abandoned through the necessities of war, but two years later. New Schonbrunn was built on the western bank of the Tuscarawas, nearly opposite the beautiful spring and about a quarter of a mile below Lockport. It was destroyed by Williamson's party in 1782. In 1798. Goshen 'Mission was established by Zeisberger west of the river, about four miles below New Philadelphia, on what is now Lot 39. As mentioned in the chapter on Moravian Mission, Goshen was occupied by the Indians until their removal from the valley in 1824.

Schonbrunn Spring was deeded by the owner, John Jacobs, to the Union Bible Society in 1812, and the historic spot has since been inclosed by a fence. A memorial stone was planted there by C. H. Mitchener, W. C. Williamson, John Judy and others.

Goshen was one of the four original townships into which the County Commissioners divided Tuscarawas County at their first meeting in the spring of 1808. It was twenty miles in extent, east and west, and seven and one-half north and south, comprising Township 8 in Ranges 1., 2, 3 and 4, and the south half of Township 9 in the same ranges, or all of the present Goshen and Sugar Creek Townships, most of Auburn, York and Dover. half of Fairfield, small fractions of Warren and Union Townships, and of Holmes County. The erection of Dover Township in 1810 deprived it of most of this territory west of the river. Fairfield. in 1817, took a considerable corner from it, and lighter losses were sustained in the subsequent formation of York, Warren and Union. Goshen yet remains one of the largest townships in the county. It includes the Schonbrunn tract of 4,000 acres entire. Exclusive of this tract, the southern and eastern portions are composed of 100-acre military lots, except several sections of congressional land in the northeast corner. In the northwest portion is a quarter of military land and the fractions of two other quarters. The first quarter of Township 8, Range 2, containing 3,554 acres, was located by Godfrey Hags, according to patent dated March 28, 1800. and signed by John Adams, President. Haga, through his agent. John Heckewelder, sold the entire quarter to John Knisely, January 8. 1804, for $3,776, and upon this tract Knisely laid out the county seat.

Goshen Township contains within its limits all the varied topographical features found in the county. The Tuscarawas River in the western portion presents a broad and fertile valley. Beaver Dam Creek; by its tortuous course,

GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. - 495

and its tributaries pierce the hills in all directions, and help to soften their ruggedness. The plains, or second bottom lands, extend along both banks of the river, and while the surface of the country generally was covered with a heavy growth of timber, the vesture of the plains was,gaunt and sparse. A scrubby growth of jack oak, in little clumps here and there, comprised almost the entire vegetation. Owing to this scant forest growth, the early settlers, accustomed to the heavy timbers of Pennsylvania and Maryland, regarded the soil of the plains as poor and thin, and they usually preferred casting their lot among the more densely wooded hills. The prevailing types of timber were oak, poplar, chestnut, beech, hickory and walnut. No better soil for general agricultural purposes is found in the county than that of Goshen Township.

Its mineral resources are equally rich and varied. Nearly every hill in the township is underlaid with valuable veins of bituminous coal. The mines now chiefly worked are situated in the east ant southeast parts of the township. whence hundreds of tons are daily mined and shipped by rail beyond the county. Fire-clay is an important product. A bank is extensively worked by Samuel Foltz at the foot of Goshen Hill, several miles southeast of New Philadelphia. Excellent quarries of lime and sandstone are found and operated, affording a superior material for building purposes.

John Knisely emigrated from Bedford County, Penn., to the site of New Philadelphia in 1804, and negotiated with John Heckewelder for a quarter of land, the deed for which, however, was not passed until four years later. Returning to Pennsylvania, Mr. Knisely brought his family to the wild west country the following year and settled on a farm just east of the county seat. His children were Abraham, John, Samuel, David, Joseph, Sarah (Minnich), Elizabeth (Casebeer), Mary (Williams) and Susan (Stough), all of whom were earnest and prominent pioneers. John Knisely afterwards resided in the village he had founded, and died in Dover Township in 1835, at the residence of his son, John Knisely, Jr.

Among the resident land-owners of the present Goshen Township who were here iu 1809, besides the Kniselys, were Henry Albright, John Baltzly, Samuel Best, Christian and David Casebeer, John Judy. Felix Landis, Philip Minnich. George and David Stiffler, John Switzer, Samuel Thomas. Henry Albright, a Pennsylvanian, owned nearly 300 acres near New Philadelphia. He lived there to an advanced age. John Baltzly, hailing from Little York, Penn., was the owner of Lots 7 and 9 in the third quarter of Township 8. Range 1. He was accidentally killed prior to 1820 by a falling tree. His son Peter owned Lot 8, and died in this township ; of his other children, Daniel died in Goshen, John in Sugar Creek Township, Jacob in Holmes County. Samuel Best was a hatter by trade, and had been a tavern-keeper in Steubenville. He owned Lot 33, fourth quarter, Township 8, Range 1, in the southeast part of the township, but becoming dissatisfied he removed to Kentucky, and was never afterward heard from. The Casebeers were amongst the earliest pioneers. David and Jacob, who were brothers, emigrated from Pennsylvania probably as darly as 1805. David owned the east half of Lot 32, about one and a half miles east of New Philadelphia; was a shoe-maker, and operated a tannery. He afterwards removed to the county seat, built a tavern, and died there in 1846. Jacob was a forger of cow bells. He owned Lot 11, three miles southeast of New Philadelphia. He died in 1865. Christian Casebeer, from Washington County, Penn., after pursuing a farmer's vocation for many years in Goshen Township, removed to Indiana. John Judy came to the county in 1803. He was a native of Switzerland, emigrated to America about 1801, remaining in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, until his removal

496 - HISTORY OF TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.

to Tuscarawas County. He remained one winter at Gnadenhutten. He purchased from John Knisely 100 acres of land about a mile east of New Philadelphia, where he engaged in farming. He was a tailor, and fashioned clothes for the Indians. Mr. Judy was a life-long resident of Goshen Township from the date of his entrance into it. Felix Landis, a Virginia farmer, owned and occupied Lot 23, several miles southeast of New Philadelphia. He was an exemplary Dankard, and passed his old age amidst the scenes of his pioneer home. Joseph Landis, his brother, was a tanner, and his near neighbor. Philip Minnich emigrated from Bedford County, Penn., with his family, and settled near New Philadelphia on a farm of several hundred acres, where he lived till his death in 1824. The Stifflers came earlier from the same county, probably in 1803 or 1804. David settled two and a half miles east of New Philadelphia, and died on the place. George purchased a farm about a mile east of the county seat, and there followed farming and blacksmithing. Samuel Thomas, a Virginian and a brother-in-law of Felix Landis, lived near New Philadelphia. John Switzer, an aged Swiss, came to the township about 1808.

Among other early residents of Goshen who arrived after the county was organized, and before 1820, were the following: Jacob Albert, who was originally from Washington County, Penn., emigrated to Jefferson County. Ohio, and thence to this county, settling in the northeast part of Goshen Township, the southwest quarter of Section 9. He brought with him a large family, and one son, William Albert, was for many years a tavern keeper at New Philadelphia. Jacob Albert died prior to 1820. Michael Smith entered and occupied a neighboring farm, the northeast quarter of Section 12. Farther to the west, on Beaver Dam, on parts of Lots 34 and 35, was Christian Baughman, who came from Bedford County, Penn., and remained a life-long citizen of Goshen Township. Jacob Wallick also settled on Beaver Dam, on a fraction of Lot 37. He afterward removed to Van Wert County. On Pike Run, in the fourth quarter of Township 8, Range 1, were Valentine Fleck and Jacob and David Foreman. All were from Pennsylvania, and remained life-long residents of the township. Fleck owned Lot 36; Jacob Foreman Lot 29, and his brother. David, Lot 26. Philip Fackler, from Pennsylvania. moved to near Lockport, in 1814. Gotlieb Fackler was also a pioneer. Other early settlers were Casper Engler, Moses and Joseph Everett, Jacob and David Fitch, Samuel Wilson, Henry Shatler, Joseph Rhodes and Frederick Maish; the last-named died in 1823; Gabriel Cryder came to the county in 1808, settled in Dover Township, and a few years later removed to Goshen Township, about five miles southeast from New Philadelphia. He owned Lots 2, 15, 16, and a fraction of 1, in the third quarter of Township 8, Range 1. In 1823, he removed to New Philadelphia.

The Indian mission at Goshen was well known to the pioneers, and the association of the whites with the converted red men did not always redound to the spiritual welfare of the latter. The Indians led an agricultural life to some extent, but retained the hunting proclivities of their former days and ranged the hills and valleys far and near. They visited the early pioneers in every part of the county and were usually welcomed, for they seldom indulged in unseemly conduct. Basket-making was the principal occupation of the squaws. They often camped out along the creeks near by. and while the Indian braves would hunt, the squaws were industriously weaving baskets. They soaked the trunks of black ash saplings in water till they became thoroughly saturated, then with mallets pounded them till the fibers separated and formed their splints. With these they fashioned neat and strong baskets, and sold or traded them to the settlers. At Goshen is one of the oldest burial.

GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. - 497

grounds in the county. Here the missionary Rev. Edwards was laid to rest in 1801, and the venerable Zeisberger seven years later. During the war of 1812 the Goshen Indians were prohibited by the whites from going outside the bounds of their village under penalty of being held and treated as an enemy. An occasional stealthy infraction of this prohibition by a young Indian resulted sometimes in frightening a child or woman who was unfortunate enough to meet him. Rev. Abraham Luckenbach was the missionary at Goshen in the fall of 1823, when the mission was broken up and the Indians removed to Canada. They were extremely loath to leave the wildwood haunts of the valley, which had become endeared to them by a long and pleasant residence. Slowly and sadly they left their homes, and traveled up the west banks of the river, accompanied by their pastor. At New Philadelphia they crossed the Tuscarawas, and continued the journey by way of Sandyville to Cleveland, where they embarked on a vessel for their new home in Canada. Tom Lyons is said to have been the only Indian who refused to go. He lingered about for many years, the terror of children and dread of women, for he boasted of having in his possession the tongues of ninety-nine white women, and wanted another to make an even number.

Blake's Mills, usually called Lockport, is a little village of 300 people, located on the south side of the Tuscarawas River, on the Ohio Canal, opposite New Philadelphia. It was incorporated in the spring of 1883, when the fol lowing officers were elected: Simon J. Beck, Mayor; William E. Beck, Clerk; Christian Coppersmith, Michael Siebold, John Cramer, James McKnight and David Niederhiser, Council; Simon Darst, Treasurer; Edward Steinbaugh, Marshal. The population is largely German. The village contains one general store, two saloons, two blacksmith shops, a harness shop, a wagon shop, two butcher shops, an extensive lime kiln operated by William McLean, a large grist mill, a brewery, a paper mill; a graded school and a Methodist Church.

The paper mill was removed from Navarre, and built south of the canal on Broadway in 1808, by the New Philadelphia Paper Manufacturing Company. Two years later, its location was removed to the river side. where it was rebuilt at a cost of $25,000 by Judy, Knisely & Co., a firm which. still owns it, and which consists of David Judy, George W. McIlvaine, Oliver Knisely and George Welty, the last of whom manages the mill. Fifty tons of straw wrapping paper are produced here each month.

The grist mill was built in 1854 by Walter M. Blake. He operated it until his death, and his administrators sold the property to Richard Johnson, from whom the present owner, J. W. Patterson, obtained it. The mill originally contained three run of buhrs. Mr. Patterson added a fourth; but, in the summer of 1883, he adopted the roller process, and refitted the mill with the necessary machinery. The mill is situated on the canal, and is operated by water power. Besides transacting a custom business, the proprietor ships considerable flour to the East.

The brewery was set in operation about twenty-five years ago by Michael Berger, who, after a time, sold it to Rudolph Kapitzky. From him the pres ent proprietors, Siebold & Hockenbraugh, obtained possession. They manufacture and keep in stock an immense amount of- the German's national beverage.

The village possesses an excellent two-story brick schoolhouse, erected many years ago, wherein a graded school, composed of three rooms, is kept. S. J. Beck is Principal, and has occupied that position since the graded system was inaugurated. except two terms, during which Mr. Kinsey and George Welty respectively conducted the schools.

The Methodist Episcopal Church is a neat frame structure, which was

498 - HISTORY OF TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.

erected during the summer and autumn of 1870, and dedicated in February, 1871, by Rev. J. F. Kennedy, of Delaware, Ohio. The society was organized shortly before the building of the church. Its membership is small.

Lockport was laid out in 1829 by Frederick Shull and Gottlieb Fackler, on the south side of the Ohio Canal, immediately above Lock 13. The original plat included sixty-nine lots. In 1830, the proprietors made an addition of forty lots, 70-109, north of the canal. Its streets were Jackson. North Canal, Adams, Clay and Ferry. In 1833. the original plat was partially vacated and re-surveyed, and Lots 110-121 were laid out on the south side of the canal. The streets were First. Second and Third, extending north and south, and Canal street, running east and west. In 1872. Lots 75-87 inclusive. located on West Adams street, were vacated. Blakesfield was laid out in 1845 by Walter M. Blake, on land adjoining Lock-port on the east. It comprised forty-two lots, all of which were located between the canal and river. Broadway was the main street. Twelve lots of Blakestield, 1-12. were situated west of Broadway, and thirty lots east of it. South Blakesfield was laid out in 181, by Mr. Blake south of the canal, and adjoining Lockport, The lots, eighty-seven in number, were located on both sides of Broadway. In 1868. Samuel Howe made an addition to Blake's Hills (Lockport), consisting of thirteen lots on the west side of " Oldtown " street. or Broadway, and south of and adjacent to the canal. In 1870. Jacob Darst made an addition of twenty-six lots, south of the canal and on the east side of Broadway.

Mr. Espich built the first house in Lockport. Samuel Sedgwick was an early tavern keener. Conrad Rager owned and conducted the first store. In 1855, Clark Robinson started a mill to make oil from cannel-coal. but the inexhaustible supplies of rock oil discovered soon after in Pennsylvania made the enterprise a failure. It was the canal that brought Lockport into existence, and the village still smacks of its origin. A dozen or more old boatmen reside here, some of whom dwell during the winter in houses. while others take up winter quarters in their boats.

The most extensive coal mines in the county are located in the southeast part of Goshen Township on Pike Run. At present two companies are operat ing mines here. The Tuscarawas Valley Coal Company was incorporated in 1873, after these mines had been worked about a year, the stockholders being Cleveland men. Its mines have been operated continuously since. J. E. Waters, of Bridgeport, is the General Superintendent of the mines. About 150 miners and employes are engaged, and the daily yield of the mines is about 300 tons. The Brock Hill Coal Company was incorporated in I881. J. M. Shanks. of New Philadelphia, is its General Superintendent. The capacity of its mines and, the number of its employes are equal to that of the Tuscarawas Valley Company.

The operation of these mines has produced a mining town of considerable size and importance. called Pike Run. The only recorded lots of the place are Kent's building lots, surveyed and platted in May, 1881, by Oliver Young. They are located on Lot 29, of the fourth quarter of Township 8, Range 1, and number thirty-six, ranged in five tiers, which are intersected by two streets, Main and Center. Pike Run has a population of 500 or 600. It contains three stores, a church and a Knights of Pythias lodge. The name of the post office here is Barnhill.

The Pike Run United Brethren Church was organized in the spring of 1882. by Rev. George F. Deal, with a membership of sixty-three. During the same year a frame house of worship was erected on a lot donated to the church by the coal company. The building is about 36x48 in size. and cost $2,000. It was dedicated .by. Dr. Z. Warner, of Parkersburg. The membership of the society has increased to 100. and Rev. Deal is still in charge.

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La Belle Lodge, No. 100, I. O. O. F., was instituted at Pike Run May 16, 1883, with thirty five members. It was named in honor of Andrew Baggs, of Bridgeport, Ohio, one of the proprietors of the La Belle Glass Works of that city, who donated to the lodge two building lots. The first officers of the lodge now serving, are John A. Rothe, P. C.; C. F. Grinnell, C. C.; John W. Richards, V. C.; John Hawkins, Prelate; W. B. Davy, K. of R. and S.; John Smith, 1I. of F.; Emanuel Hensel, M. of E.; Benjamin Browning, M. at A.; John Page, I. G.; George W. McIlvaine Roby, O. G. The lodge erected a neat hall in the summer and autumn of 1883.

Ontario Mills was the designation given to sixteen lots laid out by Robert Hanna in 1853 on Lots 26 and 27. about a half mile north of the site of Pike Run. The village did not prosper, and nothing now remains of it.

An imposing town plat of 300 lots was surveyed a few years ago, midway between Dover and New Philadelphia. It was called Mooreville, but the dazzling attempt to rear a rival city between these two places proved a failure.

Beaver Darn United Brethren Church has a present membership of fifty-two, and is under the patronage of Rev. George F. Deal. The house of worship in the southern part of Section 9, a half mile from the eastern line of the township, was built about 1818. A Lutheran congregation formerly flourished in this vicinity, and was supplied by Rev. E. Greenwold. About 1846, the Lutherans built a church on the site of the present edifice. James Raridan, Daniel Baltzly and Zachariah Garibrand were then trustees. Removals and deaths reduced the membership, and services were discontinued. In 1857, the building was leased for ten years to a United Brethren class, which had just been formed under revival meetings held by Rev. Leander Rinehart. Among the converted were the Leathermans. Wrights, Smiths and Leightles. The church property was again leased by the United Brethren Society, and its members constructed the present building.

The Bethlehem Methodist Episcopal Church is located in the northeastern part of the township, on the northeast quarter of Section 8. The lot upon which it stands was donated by Mrs. Elizabeth Smith. It is a small frame building, and was erected in 1877, at a cost slightly exceeding $1,200. The present membership is scarcely above twenty. A Methodist class had been organized in this vicinity many years prior to 1850, and in that year a building, known as the Rehobeth Church, was erected near the north line of Lot 2, about a mile southwest of the present structure, the land for the church being the donation of Ransom Newton. Earlier meetings had been held in vacant cabins, and among the early members were Isaac Walters, Jacob Walters, John Everhart, Solomon Minard, Mrs. Elizabeth Smith and Frederick Rummell. This structure was used until Bethlehem Church was built, andor the pastor ate of Rev. J. H. Jackson. Its subsequent pastors have been Revs. Michael Williams, Amos heeler and William M. Dickerson.

In the southeast part of the township a Methodist class was organized in 1853, in consequence of a series of revival services conducted by Rev. Alexander Scott. The following year, during the ministry of Rev. Simon P. Wolf, a frame church, 28x38 feet, was built on Lot 2, near Pike Run, at an expense of $600. Occasional services had previously been held in a neighboring schoolhouse. The leading early members were Henry Mosher and wife, John McClelland and wife, Henry Bess and wife, C. C. Carroll and wife, Mrs. Agnes Ellis, Mrs. Sarah Coleman, James Watkins and wife, Samuel Browning and wife, and John Scott and wife. In 1882, a new church was built on the site of the old, and dedicated in February, 1883, by Rev. W. B. Watkins, of the Pittsburgh Conference. It is a frame structure, splendidly finished, with arched ceiling and stained window panes. and surmounted by

500 - HISTORY OF TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.

bell and belfry. Its cost was $3,500. The new church is called the Plains Church; the old was known as Sansom's Chapel. At present the m membership is about eighty. Plains Church circuit includes, besides this charge, Bethlehem Church in this township, Holmes in Warren, and Rockford in Union.

In the southern part of the township, west of the river, on Lot 34, stands the Goshen Methodist Church, which was built about 1854, and is still occupied by a small congregation. Anthony Alderson and John Moore were early members.

In 1866, when the oil excitement was at fever heat, and fortunes were rapidly made in Pennsylvania, the Goshen Oil & Coal Company was organized and incorporated at New Philadelphia, with a capital stock of $20,000, for the purpose of searching the depths of the Tuscarawas Valley for this illuminator. Its officers were Jesse D. Elliott, President; James Moffit, Secretary; O. P. Taylor, Treasurer; Daniel Korns, W. C. Williamson, S. O'Donnell and C. B. Harvey, Directors. In Goshen Township, three miles above New Philadelphia, a well was drilled 500 feet without success, and some of the parties interested wished to withdraw. The well, however, was sunk 400 feet deeper, and a stream gushed forth, which was found on examination to be not oleaginous, but strongly impregnated with salt. Works were at once erected under the management of Jesse D. Elliott, Judge James Moffit. Daniel horns, W. C. Williamson and O. P. Taylor, the principal stockholders, and the evaporation of salt commenced: The name was changed to the Goshen Coal Oil & Salt Company, which, in 1871, disposed of the property to Custer, Scott & Kennedy. The present owners are John Custer, B. P. Scott & John Scott. The yield of the works is about seventy barrels of salt per day. The discovery of salt in this well resulted in the drilling and operation of two other wells in Dover Township a year or two later. The product of the three wells, outside of the slight local demand, is sold through the Tuscarawas Valley Salt Company, of which J. M. Custer is Agent, and B. P. Scott, Secretary and Treasurer. The company handles about 60,000 barrels of salt per annum.

Not far remote from the present River Mills, near New Philadelphia, was in early times the Baker Grist Mill. It was built about 1820, did custom work only, and survived but a few years.

The citizens of Goshen Township who have been elected to the office of Justice of the Peace have been the following, with perhaps a few others Abraham Knisely, 1808; Christian Espich, 1810, resigned 1811; Abraham Shane, 1811; Abraham Knisely. 1811; Jacob Blickensderfer, 1818; Samuel Lamberson, 1819; Wright Warner, 1819; J. Blickenserfer, 1821; Alexander McConnell, 1822; Abraham Knisely, 1822; Jacob Blickensderfer, 1824, removed from the township during term; James Stough, 1825; Nathan McGrew, 1825; Andrew Seaton, 1827; Samuel Stough, 1828; Abraham Knisely, 1828; Andrew Seaton, 1830; John W. Taylor, 1831; Abraham Knisely, 1831; Jacob Kitch, 1833; John Butt, 1834; Andrew Seaton, 1834; Samuel Sedgwick. 1835; John Butt, 1831; Andrew Seaton, 1837; John Judy, Jr., 1838; John Butt, 1840; Charles Korns, 1840; John Judy, 1841: Robert Copeland, 1843; John Judy, 1844; Samuel Sedgwick, 1846; John B. Reed, 1846, resigned 1849: Samuel Sedgwick, 1849; George W. McIlvaine, 1849; Joshua Pepper, 1847: John Grimm. 1850, resigned 1852; Joseph Walton, 1852, removed from township during term: Samuel Sedgwick, 1852; George W. McIlvaine, 1852; Jacob C. Helmick, 1853; William McPherrin, 1855, resigned 1855; Joseph Welty, 1855, resigned 1858; Alexander L. Neely, 1855; John Butt, 1856; William L. Robb. 1855; Alexander L. Neely, 1858; John Butt, 1859; John W. Morrow, 1861; John Grimm, 1861; John Butt, 1862; Solomon Hoover. 1862; Daniel Christy, 1863: Bowers Seaton, 1864, resigned

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1865; William L. Robb, 1865; Solomon Hoover, 1865; Daniel Christy, 1866; William L. Robb, 1868; Solomon Hoover, 1868, died 1870; Daniel Christy, 1869; Asbury Insley, 1870; William L. Robb, 1871; John W. Albaugh, 1872; Asbury Insley, 1873; John S. Graham, 1874; William L. Robb, 1874; Asbury Insley, 1876; John S. Graham, 1877; William L. Robb, 1877; Samuel Moore, 1880; Philip S. Olmstead, 1879; John S. Graham, 1880; Samuel Moore, 1880; Emery G. Dutton, 1881; P. S. Olmstead, 1882; Charles W. Swesey, 1883.