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200 - HARRISON COUNTY. JAMES MAXWELL, one of the early settlers of Harrison County, was born April 26, 1838, in Nottingham Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. His father, James Maxwell, was born in Virginia, to which State his father, William, came some time prior to the Revolutionary War. William Maxwell was born in Ireland, as was also his wife, and his children were named James, William, Henry, Alexander, John, Margaret and Elizabeth. The father of this family was engaged in agriculture, and always remained in Virginia, where himself and wife now quietly sleep. At an early date in the settlement of Ohio, James Maxwell, with his family, came to Jefferson County, where they remained some years. They then came farther west, and made their home in Nottingham Township, Harrison County, where for many years they resided. While in his early manhood Mr. Maxwell married Hannah Polick, who bore him the following named children: David, Mary Jane, Walker, John, Elizabeth, Margaret, Henry, James, William and Rachel. In 1868 James Maxwell died, and July 23, 1886, Mrs. Maxwell passed away, and was laid to rest by the side of her husband. For many years, and up to the time of their decease, they were faithful members of the Disciples Church. In his political associations Mr. Maxwell was a Democrat, and always supported that party. His was a hard-working, industrious life, one of many trials and self-denials, but after a struggle he succeeded in amassing a competency. James Maxwell was born in Harrison County, Ohio, and has spent nearly his entire life in the confines of the county. His earliest education was received in the schools of the day and in the labor and duties of the farm. On December 14, 1859, he was married to Elizabeth McCullough, of Nottingham Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and the young couple commenced life with no assistance, but gradually added to their possessions. Mrs. Maxwell died, leaving one child, Hannah Jane, and Mr. Maxwell afterward married, for his second wife, Sarah Willison, of Washington Township, the fol lowing named children being the result of this union: Martha E., Mary Margaret, Joseph S. and. Maudie P. Like many of the older class of residents Mr. Maxwell has always taken an active and prominent part in his township's welfare, and has ever been among its representative men. Politically he is a Democrat, and is one of the old school. He takes an interest in his party's success and never fails in his duty. Financially Mr. Maxwell is self-made, and has by his own efforts become the owner of 220 acres of excellent land. Honest and upright, he is respected by all. JOHN J. McFADDEN, one of the well-known and prominent farmers of Athens Township, Harrison County, was born in Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, October 21, 1820. His early youth was spent on the home place, where he labored at various farm duties, and during the winter months attended the common schools, which at that time were supported by subscription. The school-houses of that day were of a very primitive nature, consisting of a log building and huge fireplace, in which blazed the logs, the warmth of which permeated the entire building. The text books were the Testament and the National Speller. Under such difficulties the youth of that age were educated, and much credit is due them for their hard, earnest work. On February 28, 1844, Mr. McFadden was married to Esther, daughter of John Clifford, a native of Ireland, and after their marriage they settled in Athens Township, where they have since resided. Their children are Mary, now Mrs. Adam McConnell; Margaret Jane, born July 12, 1846, wife of Robert Dunlap; Rebecca Ann, now Mrs. Samuel Dunlap; John C.; George D. ; E. S., in New Athens; Sarah, now Mrs. Samuel McFadden; Adam, of Athens Township, and Samuel W., of Cadiz. The family are members of the Presbyterian Church at New Athens. From his earliest youth a member of the Democratic party, Mr. McFadden HARRISON COUNTY - 201 has many times been elected to positions of trust by his party ; has repeatedly held the offices of trustee and assessor, and was treasurer of his township for thirty consecutive years. His family are among the influential ones of his township, and have all inherited the probity of character which was so marked in their ancestry. The progenitor of the McFadden family in this country was John McFadden, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, in 1760, but who, at the age of nineteen years, sought a home in Washington County, Penn., where a few years later he married a daughter of Col. George Sharpe, of the United States Army. In the year 1800, in company with the Jamison family, he entered one-half of Section No. 4, in what is now Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and at once made preparations for the reception of his family, whom he had left temporarily in Pennsylvania, and whom he brought to Ohio in 1801. In 1805 he entered the land where S. C. Clemens now lives. It were useless here to attempt to relate the many hardships and privations to which this hardy pioneer and his family were subjected, suffice it to say that John McFadden and his wife, after a well-spent life, at ripe old ages, passed from their first home in Ohio to another and a better land, Their children were as follows: Samuel, George, Mary (Mrs. J. Sharp, of Cadiz Township), John, Margaret (Mrs. Edward Lafferty, of Athens Township) and Joseph, all of whom followed their pioneer parents to the grave. Of these, John was born in Pennsylvania in 1788, and at the age of seventeen years (in 1805) came with his parents to Ohio, settling in what is now Harrison County, where he grew to manhood on the original hometead. He was married to Miss Mary, daughter of Adam and Rebecca Dunlap, of Harrison County, pioneers from near Uniontown, Fayette Co., Penn. After marriage Mr. McFadden purchased the farm of one hundred acres from his father, where George McFadden now lives, and here he and his wife ended their days, Mr. McFadden dying in 1857, at the age of sixty-nine years, and Mrs. McFadden one year later, at the age of sixty-nine also. Both were consistent members of the Union Church. There were born to this venerable and highly respected couple twelve children, in the following order: Margaret, a widow, living in Cadiz; Adam, deceased; Rebecca, deceased; Mary, widow of William Hamilton; John J., in Athens Township; Sarah, deceased; Elizabeth, who died at the age of eleven years; Samuel R., also in Athens Township; George, in Cadiz Township; Esther, now Mrs. J. D. Phillips, in Nebraska; Rachel, now Mrs. William Hamilton, in Bellaire, Ohio, and Jennie. THOMAS CHANEY (deceased), who, in his lifetime, was one of the oldest and best known residents of Athens Township, Harrison County, was born October 28, 1803, in Virginia. His father, Nathan Chaney, was born in Maryland, to which country his ancestors came at the commencement of the French and Indian War. In the State of Virginia, to which he had moved, Nathan met and married Sarah Mansfield, and immediately began the pursuit of agriculture, in which he engaged until his death. In 1805 he removed from Virginia and came to Harrison County, Ohio, settling in Cadiz Township. His children consisted of seven daughters and six sons. He died in 1837, his wife surviving him ten years, and dying in 1847. The life of each was one of continued hard work and struggles, and many were the hardships they were compelled to undergo. In his political associations he was Democratic. Thomas Chaney's early life was spent at home, where he assisted in the various labors of the place, his education being received at the ordinary district school, and very limited as to time. In early youth he commenced his own career, and engaged in working around the neighboorhood at almost starvation wages; but he kept manfully on, and determined to succeed, and little by little added to his savings, meantime acquiring habits of industry and economy, 202 - HARRISON COUNTY. which were among the factors of his snccess. On September 25, 1836, he was married to Elizabeth Clark, a daughter of James Clark, who was born in Fayette County, Penn., where he married Sarah Watson; his family were Martha, Elizabeth, Mary, John and William. He was a soldier of 1812, and served through the entire war. After marriage Mr. and Mrs. Chaney commenced housekeeping on rather a meager plan, as they realized that they must make their own way. How well they did this is attested by the fact that the place is one of the best farms in eastern Athens, in a high state of cultivation, well improved with excellent buildings. This they wrought out by their own hands, and in their old age had the pleasure of enjoying the fruits of past labors. The names of their children are James, John, William, Sarah, Martha, Samuel, Mary Ann, Elizabeth Ann, Mary Ellen, Thomas W., Hannah and Nancy. Mr. Chaney departed this life July 1, 1890, and his widow is now living among her children. While not taking an active part in politics, he supported the Democratic party. Samuel Chaney was born December 14, 1846, and spent his youth on the home place. On August 5, 1875, he was united in marriage with Clarinda, daughter of John Edwards, a resident of New Athens. His family are Iona Estelle, Charles A., William V. and Willis C. Like his father, Mr. Chaney is a Democrat, but has never held office, as he considers his attention fully occupied by his business duties. He now manages the home place, and is doing it in a successful manner. Quiet and unassuming, his presence is, nevertheless, always felt and acknowledged. WILLIAM H. JOHNSON. The founder of this family of Johnsons in America was William Johnson, whose parents were natives of Ireland. They, desiring to better their circumstances, embarked for the Western Hemisphere in a sailing vessel, taking with them their six small children. When about half way across the ocean, however, the parents died, and were buried at sea. After landing at New York the orphan children proceeded on to Westmoreland County, Md., where they finally settled. Of them, William was there, early in life, united in marriage with Elizabeth Laughlin, whose parents were residents of Pennsylvania, and of their children John came in 1802 to Ohio, where he entered a large tract of land in Green and Short Creek Townships, Harrison County. In 1814 William Johnson and his wife and the remainder of their family came to Harrison County and settled on land which had been entered a short time previous. The family of William were named as follows: John, William, Richard, Alexander, Robert, James, Samuel, Ann, Catherine, Mary and Elizabeth. They were, as are their descendants, all members of the Beech Spring Presbyterian Church. On June 4, 1829, William Johnson died, his wife having preceded him January 10, 1816, and they were both laid to rest in Beech Spring Cemetery. In political sentiment Mr. Johnson was a Whig. James Johnson, son of William and Elizabeth (Laughlin) Johnson, was born April 12, 1793, in Washington County, Penn., and accompanied his parents on their removal to Ohio. His early life was spent at home, where he remained until March 19, 1818, when he was married to Mary, daughter of James Simpson, and born May 28, 1794. The issue of this union was as follows: Margaret, born October 6,1819; Elizabeth J., born February 12, 1821; Mary Simpson, born July 5, 1823; Sarah, born December 30, 1825; Catherine, born October 15, 1830, and William H., born May 4, 1833. On November 9, 1863, James Johnson passed from earth, his beloved wife following him January 25, 1881, and their remains rest side by side in Beech Spring Cemetery. During his lifetime Mr. Johnson was engaged in the milling business, and also carried on a farm, both with considerable success. Like his immediate ancestors, he was an ardent supporter of the principles of the Whig party, and afterward of the Repub• HARRISON COUNTY - 203 limn, though he never sought office. Of his children, Margaret, the eldest, was married September 18, 1845, to Samuel Muchmore, who died August 21, 1889, and their children were as follows: Albert, born November 6, 1847, died December 28, 1878; Martha, born July 29, 1850, married, December 3, 1868, to John Tallman (by whom she had one child, Ina, born April 10, 1870), and William, born June 29, 1853, was married March 11, 1886, to Annie Tidball. Mary S., third daughter of James and Mary (Simpson) Johnson, was married June 28, 1854, to John Dickerson, who died April 12, 1865, and their children were as follows: James H., born May 3, 1855, married October 1, 1879, to Eva Parkinson (their children were John T., born December 29, 1883, died August 23, 1884; Earl, born March 19, 1887, and Ralph, born January 12, 1890); Anna M., born November 16, 1856, was married February 1, 1882, to William H. Hunter (by whom she had one child, Lillian, born April 12, 1883, and died June 9, 1888); Ruth, born December 11, 1857, died April 19, 1887; Lewis, born January 16, 1859, died February 4, 1864, and Flora Bell, born October 15, 1865, was married January 1, 1890, to Isaac B. Scot. Sarah, fourth daughter of James and Mary (Simpson) Johnson, was married October 8, 1846, to William Boals, and they had one child, James, born April 24, 1848, and married, August 11, 1876, to Mary Walker, by whom he has one child, Lafie Edna, born June 12, 1879. Mrs. Sarah Boals died April 8, 1887. William H. Johnson, the subject proper of this biographical memoir, spent his early life on the farm, and on the death of his father he assumed the management of the home place, which he has since continued, and he and his two sisters cared for their aged widowed mother until her death. On October 11, 1877, he was married to Mary Ann Parkinson, daughter of Thomas Parkinson, a prominent farmer of Green Township, Harrison County, and by this union there are two children: James P., born August 2, 1880, and William Lewis, born October 15, 1887. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson are prominent in church matters as members of the Beech Spring Presbyterian Church, of which society his ancestry were close adherents. In politics he is a Republican. The Johnson family are among the best known in Green Township, and are worthy of the respect in which they are held. I RICHARD CECIL. The earliest history of the Cecil family is that of one Kingsbury Cecil, who was born in Maryland, where he was reared and 'where he married. He soon after removed to Kentucky, where he engaged in agriculture, and after many years' residence died there. One of his sons, Philip Cecil, was born in Maryland and accompanied his parents to Kentucky, where he spent his early youth. Like many of the adventurous people of his time he determined to seek his own fortune, and in the early part of the present century he came to Harrison County, Ohio, with his family, settling on a farm which was entirely wild. He was united in marriage with Mary Logan, daughter of John Logan, and they set bravely to work, in a few years succeeding in making a comfortable living. They reared the following named family of children: Richard, John, William (deceased), Kingsbury, Margaret, Jesse and Wesley. In 1845 Mrs. Cecil died, followed by her husband in 1850, and they now sleep side by side in the cemetery at Deersville. From the time of his coming into the county Mr. Cecil and family identified themselves with the Methodist Episcopal Church, and were constant attendants and consistent members of that society. In politics a Whig, Mr. Cecil was among the strong members of the party, and was strongly inclined toward anti-slavery. Firm in his convictions, unerring in his judgment, he was at once an honored and valued citizen. Richard Cecil was born May 23, 1823, near the place on which he now resides, and was early instructed in the duties of farming, in which he has since been engaged, his early life being spent in Harrison County, Ohio. Like the 204 - HARRISON COUNTY. pioneer settlers' children, Mr. Cecil was so much occupied with the home duties that he found little leisure to attend the schools, which at that day were held only for two or three months during the winter season. He, however, sue ceeded in obtaining a fair rudimentary knowledge of such branches as were taught, and adding to these the natural abilities of his mind, which he possessed as an inheritance, he became one of the well educated men of his section. On February 25, 1847, he was married to Jane E. Bliss, daughter of Zadoc Bliss, of Franklin Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. Zadoc Bliss was born February 26, 1788, in Connecticut, and in early life.was married to Keziah Hoskins, who was born April 4, 1786, and died May 31, 1851, Mr. Bliss having passed away July 8, 1850. Their children were named as follows: Ralph, Sarah C., Mary, Emily, James, George W., Zebulon, John, Keziah and Jane E. Mr. and Mrs. Bliss came to Ohio in 1826, and settled in Franklin Township, Harrison County, after a short residence in Columbiana County. He was a Whig in politics, and was a prominent Abolitionist, he being one of the two who first cast their votes for that party in the township. He and his wife were active members of the Disciples Church, and their lives were made up of hard work, as they had settled on a farm almost entirely in the natural wilderness, and which they largely cleared. They now quietly rest side by side in the cemetery at Deersville. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Cecil settled on the farm where they now reside, and which they have almost entirely improved themselves. The buildings, which are large and commodious, are fine specimens of architectural skill, and are admirably adapted for their several purposes. The record of their children is as follows: Sarah Jane was born April 16, 1848, and is now Mrs. A. Oliphant: George was born July 17, 1850; Mary K. was born May 19, 1853; Emma L. was born April 9, 1856; John B. was born December 11, 1858; Jesse F. was born March 21, 1861; Clara was born September 10, 1863; an infant son died unnamed; Clarence A. was born June 8, 1867, and Merritt R., March 31, 1870. In politics the male members of the family have always been stanch Republicans, and have ever taken an active part in the duties and privileges of the party. Mr. Cecil has served his township as trustee for more than fifteen years, and has at all times discharged the various duties in a satisfactory manner. For many years the family have been identified with the Christian Church, and have been among its most liberal supporters. For more than thirty years Mr. Cecil has been deacon in his society, and has also held other offices. His present prosperity is due to his own efforts and those of his helpmeet, they having had but little assistance other than their own resources. The home place has grown from eighty acres to 240, and comprises as good land as there is in the vicinity. The family are well known and are among the leaders in the financial and social circles of the township. HENRY B. CARVER, one of the well-known and prominent citizens of Washington, Township, Harrison County, was born October 17, 1836, the eldest son of Elijah and Nancy Carver. From his youth he has been engaged in farming and stock-raising, and in each branch has achieved success. He received the advantages of the common schools, but circumstances did not allow his continuance at them after he had attained his sixteenth year. He was, however, not easily discouraged in his desire for securing to himself some of the benefits of a liberal education, and earnestly he set about obtaining them. His leisure moments he devoted to reading and study, and soon had the satisfaction of perceiving he was gaining an amount of varied knowledge that has since made him one of the most entertaining of conversationalists as well as one of the leading men of his section. He takes a lively interest in the events of the time, and keeps fully posted in regard to them. In political matters he has universally supported the Republican party, and has filled acceptably various offices in the town- HARRISON COUNTY - 205 ship. In the county conventions he has taken a prominent part, and is universally recognized as a shrewd and far-sighted political prophet. In religious matters he in inclined to liberal views, and although not a professor of any particular faith, still is an interested and liberal supporter of church enterprises. His success in life has been largely due to his good management and business qualifications. His farm lies one and a half miles north of Freeport, and is well adapted both by situation and improvement to his business, as agriculturist and stock-raiser. A progressive man, as well as energetic, he has done his full share toward the development of the section, both in its political, educational and moral welfare. On April 8, 1858, he was united in marriage with Sarah Phillips, daughter of John Phillips, of Washington Township, and by this union are the following named children: Arizona B., born February 19, 1859, and Izora Belle, born January 20, 1862, now Mrs. George Regle. Mrs. Carver died August 20, 1876, and March 20, 1878, Mr. Carver married Nannie E. McCullough, daughter of Jonathan McCullough, of Tippecanoe, and this marriage has been blessed with twins: Eustace Eric and Eunice Erva, born October 21, 1879. [Since the above was written Henry B. Carver departed this life June 25, 1890, respected by all who knew him.] JOHN C. KERR. Among the best-known families, of Harrison County, are the Kerrs, of whom the gentleman whose name heads this sketch, a resident of Green Township, is an honored representative. James Kerr, his father, was a native of Adams County, Penn., born in 1787, and in 1805 he and his parents moved to what is now Harrison County, where they entered a large tract of land, in what is now known as Short Creek Township. Here the parents toiled, cleared a farm, reared their family and died, their son, James, remaining with them until their death, caring for them in their declining years. In 1807 he was married to Catherine Duff, who bore him the following named children: John C., James, William, George, Margaret Ann, Joseph and Thomas L. On September 21, 1827, the mother died, and was laid to rest in Beech Spring Cemetery, and in 1829 the father took for his second wife Martha Morrison, of Belmont County, who still lives at the patriarchal age of ninety-one years. In 1846 James Kerr departed this life, and his remains were laid to rest in Bellefontaine, Ohio. He was a member, as is his widow, of the Presbyterian Church, in which he was an elder for over thirty years. In politics be was a Whig. John C. Kerr, our subject, was born in Short Creek Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, April 15, 1811. His boyhood and early youth were spent on the farm, attending, in the winter season, the district schools, and at the early age of sixteen he commenced life for himself, learning the carpenter's trade, at which he worked for many years. On March 23, 1836, he was married to Mary Henderson, who bore him the following named children: Martha A., Amanda K. and James H. H. In 1847 the mother died, and she now sleeps her last sleep in Crab Apple Cemetery, Belmont Co., Ohio. Mr. Kerr afterward married, January 14, 1854, Sarah Newell, who died in 1862, and was buried in Cadiz, leaving the following named children : George, John, Gilland, Bentley, Thomas Corwin and Vance C. On November 3, 1863, Mr. Kerr took for his third wife Grizelle Taggart, a daughter of Rev. William Taggart, a well-known resident of Cadiz, Harrison County. Mr. and Mrs. Kerr are members of the Presbyterian Church; in politics he was a Whig until the organization of the Republican party, when he became one of its most enthusiastic supporters. He was strongly opposed to slavery, taking a determined and prominent stand against that evil. He has held many offices of trust and honor, among which may be mentioned that of trustee. In 1846, while a resident of Belmont County, he was elected to represent his district in the State Legislature, and so satisfactorily did he 206 - HARRISON COUNTY. discharge the duties of the office that in 1848 he was nominated a candidate for the Senate, but, owing to the intensity of the feeling on the slave question he was defeated by a few votes. Beginning in the world comparatively penniless, Mr. Kerr is an example of what can be accomplished by energy, economy and perseverance, and his life is well worthy of emulation. S. K. SHIVERS, proprietor of a livery and one of the leading and successful young business men of New Athens, was born September 25, 1856. His father, Thomas Shivers, was born March 15, 1810, in Frederick County, Md., of which county his father, Joshua, was also a native. Joshua Shivers was, in his early life, married to Keziah Kelly, and raised the following family: Sarah, Jemima, Thomas M., Frances A., William and Joshua (twins), Lucinda and Samuel. In 1862 he died, and was buried in New Athens Cemetery; he was a strong Whig in politics. Mrs. Shivers lived until March 22, 1874, when she died and was laid to rest by the side of her husband. They and their family were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at New Athens. Thomas Shivers spent his early youth in the township of Athens, where he attended the schools, which were at that time extant. In 1838 he was married to Mary, daughter of Morgan Morris, and for some time resided in the vicinity of New Athens, finally removing into the town itself. Nearly all his life he was engaged at the carpenter's trade, which he had learned during his minority, and was regarded as one of the most expert builders of his section. Many buildings of the present time are witnesses of his skill and workmanship. His wife bore him the following children: Keziah E., Sarah J., Rachel A., William T., Mary E., Hannah L., Samuel K. and Luella J. While not taking an active part in his county's politics he was a believer and supporter of Jacksonian Democracy. An industrious and economic life was the one he led, and at his death he was sincerely mourned by many. Mrs. Shivers died April 14, 1885, Mr. Shivers March 7, 1886, and they are buried in the cemetery at New Athens. S. K. Shivers, the subject proper of these lines, is entirely self made, having by his own hard work and economy succeeded in building up a good trade, and by careful attention to the wants of his patrons, as well as the courtesy which he gives to all, has won their esteem. On September 16, 1873, he was married to Mary M., daughter of Cyrus and Susannah Rowland, and two children have been born to this union: Cora M. and Ross A. Like his father he has always been a Democrat. H. S. BLACK (deceased). Prominent among the leading citizens of his native township, of which he was eminent in agricultural matters, ranked, in his lifetime, this gentleman. He was born in Green Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, November 22, 1819, on the place where his parents first settled. James Black, his grandfather, was a native of Ireland, and just prior to the breaking out of the Revolutionary War he emigrated to America, where be immediately enlisted in the interests of his adopted country, serving throughout the entire struggle. Soon after the close of that war he married Jane Stewart, and they then settled in Eastern Pennsylvania, where they reared the following named children: Mary, Elizabeth, Margaret, James and Jane. The entire family were members of the Beech Spring Presbyterian Church, he being a ruling elder among the founders of the same; and to-day their descendants are as stanch adherents of that society as they were. James Black moved to Harrison County, Ohio, in 1806, where be entered the farm on which he died. His death occurred in 1846, and he was buried in the cemetery at Beech Spring by the side of the wife who had preceded him to the grave in 1824. In politics he was a believer in the principles advanced and supported by Washington and Hamilton. James Black, son of the above, was a native HARRISON COUNTY - 207 of the Keystone State, born in Adams County in 1785, and in 1806 moved with his father's family to Harrison County, where, in 1812, he married Isabelle Hervey, a daughter of Margaret Hervey, who on the death of her husband came to Harrison County. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Black settled on a portion of the home place, where they spent many peaceful and happy years, and in 1851 they removed to a farm near Beech Spring. They had the following named children: J. H., born March 15, 1813, died March 28, 1885; J. S., born June 20, 1816; H. S. (our subject), and Margaret J. (Mrs. William Dunlap), born March 21, 1825. The parents died, the father in 1865, and the mother in 1872, and they both sleep their last sleep in the cemetery at Beech Spring. They were members of the Presbyterian Church at Beech Spring, of which he was a ruling elder several years. Politically he was a Whig, until the Republicans came into existence, when he became an earnest supporter of that party. H. S. Black, the subject proper of this biographical memoir, spent his boyhood and youth on the paternal farm, his education being confined chiefly to the common schools of his neighborhood. On October 31, 1843, he was united in marriage with Jane, daughter of Samuel Thompson, of Green Township, Harrison County, and they immediately settled on the home place, where they remained until 1864, when they moved to the farm known as the Daniel Welch Farm, and remained there until his death, which occurred January 22, 1890. SAMUEL HAMILTON, grocer and farmer, Cadiz, was born April 19, 1821, in Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, a son of Francis H. and Ruth (Williams) Hamilton, former a native of Ireland, born in 1766, and latter of Scotch descent. Francis H. Hamilton was a weaver in his native country, and came to America about the beginning of the present century, locating in Noblestown, Penn. At one time he was a merchant in Cannonsburg, afterward at Mercer., and was owner of considerable property. He remained in business in Mercer until 1820, in which year he came to Cadiz, Harrison County, and here made his home. In 1806 he married Ruth Williams, and by her had ten children, viz. : John, who died in Pennsylvania; James, who died in Illinois; David and Jane, who died in Cadiz; Francis (deceased); William, in Cadiz; Samuel (our subject); Sarah (deceased); Mary, now Mrs. Jacob H. Herdman, in New Concord, Muskingum Co., Ohio; Thomas (deceased). The mother of this family died in 1842, aged fifty-four years, the father in 1844, at the age of seventy-eight years. He was originally a Jacksonian Democrat, but later became a Whig, and was a soldier in the War of 1812; he and his wife were members of the Presbyterian Church. The subject proper of this biographical record when a lad of thirteen commenced to learn the shoemaking trade, serving a six-years' apprenticeship, although during some two years of the time he was employed in the grocery business of Joseph H. Penn. In 1846 Mr. Hamilton commenced in that line for himself in Cadiz, which he has since continued. He has also a farm of fourteen acres adjoining the town, part being inside the corporation. On August 6, 1843, Mr. Hamilton was married to Margaret J., daughter of Michael Miller, of Harrison County, and born August 10, 1826. The Miller family were Germans. To this union were born four children, as follows: One deceased in infancy; Samuel D., in Harrisville, Ohio; Henry C. and Elosia B., both at home. The mother dying February 7, 1857, the father took, for his second wife, Bridget Downey, a native of Ireland, whence she was brought to Vermont by her parents about the year 1842, when she was three years old. Her father died in Kansas City in 1889, at the age of eighty-nine years; her mother yet lives at an advanced age. She came to Harrison County in 1852. By this marriage Mr. Hamilton has one child, Emma Frances, now the wife of William C. Leslie, a native of Harrison County, book-keeper in the 208 - HARRISON COUNTY. United States Carriage Shops at Columbus, Ohio. Mr. Hamilton had but meager educational advantages, and has had to rely entirely on his own individual exertions, meeting with well merited success. He was originally a Whig, and then a Republican on the formation of that party, casting his first vote for W. H. Harrison, even before coming of age. He was a member of the city council several years, and is altogether a very popular man. Henry C. Hamilton, son of the above, was born December 29, 1850, at Cadiz, and was educated at the common schools of the town, learning the grocery trade of his father, which he has always followed, having general charge of the business. He is one of the rising young business men of Cadiz, and is much respected. In politics he is a Republican. REV. T. R. CRAWFORD, D. D., of Moorefield Township, Harrison County, is a son of Nathaniel and Susan Crawford, and was born near New Athens, Ohio, March 8, 1820, of Scotch-Irish origin. He graduated at Franklin College in 1844, and on the same day was chosen professor of mathematics in said college, and during his teaching there he read Hebrew under President D. Clark, D. D., and theology under Dr. Rea. He soon left college for the purpose of completing his theological course, and he was licensed to preach the gospel by the Presbytery of Steubenville, October 6, 1846. He immediately received a call from the Presbyterian Church of Nottingham, and was ordained and installed pastor, laboring one-third of his time at Deersville for nine years, after which his whole time was confined to Nottingham, where he continued pastor forty years, when he asked and received a release from his charge. He had five brothers and two sisters, three of whom are living and settled in life: Dr. James B. Crawford, at Gillespie, Ill. ; Nathaniel, who resides on a farm in the northeast part of this State, and Monica, who is married to I. K. Welch, and resides at Unionport, Ohio. In 1846 Dr. Crawford was married to Miss Isabel Parks, daughter of Hugh and Mary Parks, near Wheeling, W. Va. The ancestors of our subject fled from Scotland in the seventeenth century, during the Covenanter persecution, and settled in the north of Ireland. His father, Nathaniel Crawfo'd, at the age of sixteen years, together with the household of which he was a member, emigrated to the United States just at the close of the Revolutionary War. Three brothers of the grandfather of Dr. Crawford had come to this country at an earlier period, and were in the Revolutionary struggle. They fought on the American side, and a fourth brother was a captain under Lord Cornwallis on the British side. The three former lost their lives in battle at different periods during the war—one of them, a colonel of an artillery company, fell at the battle of Bunker Hill; one lost his life in a skirmish on the Hudson River, and the third was killed at the battle of Saratoga. The father of the subject of this narrative and two of his uncles were through the W ar of 1812-16, and three of his brothers, James, John and Andrew, were in the late Civil War as Union soldiers, the last two named losing their lives as a sacrifice for their loyalty to the stars and stripes. The fortieth anniversary of the settlement of Dr. Crawford over the congregation of Nottingham was celebrated October 19, 1886, at which time he asked a release from his onerous charge, and in the morning of said day delivered his farewell discourse from the words: "And thou shalt remember all the way which the Lord thy God led thee these forty years." A large assemblage of people was present, together with sixteen of the surrounding ministry of different denominations. Many of them made appropriate and historical addresses. During the forty years of his pastorate in this church, Dr. Crawford, according to his record, preached 5,100 sermons, made 350 popular lectures, made 14,437 pastoral visits to the sick and well, has administered, in the Nottingham HARRISON COUNTY - 211 Church, baptism to 960 infants or children and has baptised 480 adults in the same. There were received into his entire charge 1,210 persons, 975 by public profession of faith, and 232 by letter, making an average of over 30 additions annually for forty years. After purging the roll, at the end of his ministry with his people, there were still 378 names of members on the records. The old church of Nottingham had unparalleled prosperity all through these forty years, and was never in a more prosperous condition than at the end of this long pastorate. Up to this date Dr. Crawford has aided in conducting 781 funeral services, and he has solemnized 431 marriages. During the forty-three years of the residence of the subject of this biography in the same place, many events of a personal and historic character have occurred, too numerous to rehearse in this connection. We will, however, note a few things that may be of interest to some people in the western part of this county, and which are gathered from his sketch book. He says: "At the beginning of my sojourn here no railroads passed through this State; our eyes and ears were daily greeted with the duplicated four-horse stage in the summer season, coaches traveling on the great thoroughfare from east to west through our neighborhood and village, together with heavy road wagons carrying agricultural produce and merchants' goods, also, from August to December, large droves of cattle and hogs almost continually in sight of each other. But this slow transportation scheme has given way years ago to the railroad coach and freight car." Again the record says: "How hard for a pastor in war times. During my charge in this church we passed through two fiery, bloody wars—the first with Mexico to relieve Texas from oppression and appropriate said territory. The old Whig party said the object of the administration party was to extend slave territory. The Democratic party said No, we wish to deliver the abused and overtaxed people of Texas from Mexican oppression.' The second was that terrible 12 civil conflict between our own States, running through four years of terror, recrimination, bloodshed and death. Political wire-workers branded the opposite party with everything degrading and humiliating, and many times when the angry waves of political strife and excitement rose high it was a hazardous business and stormy work for a pastor to stand firm at the Gospel helm in behalf of truth and righteousness, and pilot his congregation, made up of different elements, through the conflicts of passion and the breakers of different kinds." His record further says: " Shortly after President Lincoln delivered his proclamation of liberty to the slaves, I called upon a respectable parishioner, and was received in a courteous manner. After religious conference and prayer the head of the family addressed me as follows: Now, Mr. Crawford,' said he, you see what this war has come to—recklessly destroying State rights, and robbing a large portion of the citizens of these United States of their legal property.' Mr --,' said I, you will admit with me that slavery was the procuring cause of the war, and this is just " what the war has come to," and it appears to me there can be no cessation of strife until slavery is blotted out. ' You ministers,' said he, should condemn from the pulpit this proclamation, as not in keeping with justice.' In reply—`I do not regard it, Mr. _____ , as in keeping with my commission, nor do I think it wise or prudent for me, or any pastor situated as I am to introduce your suggestions into his pulpit administrations on the Sabbath day.' In a few days afterward, in the course of my parochial work, I called upon an equally intelligent and courteous family, but of a different political creed. It was near noon, I was kindly invited and remained for dinner. After a portion of Scripture was read and prayer offered, I was then about to take my leave, when the wife and mother said: My dear sir, I looked for you the last two Sabbaths to come out in your sermon in defense of President Lincoln's proclamation; this is certainly one of the most important deliverances that has ever 212 - HARRISON COUNTY. come from the White House."Certainly,' said I, It is of vast importance.' Why, then,' said she, do you not preach about it? Why not commend the proclamation and condemn the Southern confederacy—the Democrats and the sympathizers in the North, as a part of your sermon, at times, from the pulpit on Sunday ? ' Suppose, Mrs. , I personally desired all the objects you wish, would it be according to the revealed will of Christ, or even good common sense, to introduce this in the way you desire into my pulpit exercises? I can reply to you, as I did the other day to a man, though from a different political standpoint, and say that I can not see that it would be wise or prudent, or in keeping with my authority as a preacher of the gospel of Christ, to drag into the pulpit on the Lord's day plans of civil polity, which would not only mar the peace of this congregation, but destroy my future usefulness here and elsewhere, and be at war with the general interests of the Kingdom of Christ.' " We take but another extract from the reminiscence book of Dr. Crawford in regard to his escape from being captured by Gen. Morgan's Southern cavalry, when passing through this part of Harrison County : " It was early in the morning of July 24, 1863. I had my horse harnessed to make a call upon a sick man four miles from town, but was prevented by being informed that Mr. W. and wife, together with Mr. B. and wife, were going to make us a social visit that forenoon, and were desirous to meet us at our home. Our guests soon drove up in their carriages. After dinner was over we were utilizing the few moments previous to their departure in social conference. Suddenly the sound of horses' feet and the loud voice of a than were heard on the street, which drew us to the front rather hurriedly. Both our eyes and ears were greeted with an unusual sight and sound for our otherwise quiet village. Two men, driving furiously a span of rather small, fleet horses, coupled to a light vehicle, going east and calling aloud, In twenty-five minutes John Morgan will capture your town.' This was an alarm, and unwelcome news, such as we did not expect or desire to hear, for our citizens had made no arrangements to entertain such unlooked-for guests, whose reputation for acts of hostility and cruelty had preceded them. We had not even heard that those invaders had crossed the Ohio River. On their trail through this State they passed through Harrison County, and Morgan and his band were afterward soon captured. Immediately our country visitors left, and twenty minutes before 3 o'clock P. M., the Southern cavalry dashed into our village in a variety of dress, of somewhat military appearance, only so far as implements of warfare were concerned. I soon observed that they were capturing citizens to put into the front of their ranks, and having no desire to be conscripted on so short notice and so unceremoniously, without even an opportunity to hire a substitute, I concluded the best policy would be to desert my house and home for the time being. I counseled Mrs. Crawford to make the best of her way to the house of Mr. W., who resided about one mile and a half distant, at the same time telling her not to fear, as the invaders did not appear disposed to harm ladies—that I would make the best of my efforts to get out of the calamity by concealing myself in corn patches and back lots to avoid being captured. On deserting my house the things that gave me the most anxiety were leaving my manuscripts and library to the care of such a motley crowd of roughs. I soon overtook my wife, and we made our way to the house of a parishioner. I left her there and retraced my steps back to high ground, in full view of my house, barn and back lots, where I discovered the enemy had made their headquarters during their foraging in that vicinity, doubtless because of its location, situated in the east end of town at the cross-roads, and for this reason my personal property fared worse than any other part of the village. Whilst standing alone, viewing the scene with some alarm and excitement, thinking they would burn the town and thereby destroy my property, at this instant, I discovered rapid movements HARRISON COUNTY - 213 among the Morganites. Gen. Shackleford had come up and drove out the raiders after an occupancy of nearly four hours. The Southern guerrillas started in my direction on the road to Wheeling. I speedily turned about, and crossing certain fields for a near route to the Presbyterian Church of Nottingham on the the same road, hastily concealed myself, as I supposed quite safely, in a clump of alder bushes and briars inside the cemetery at the lower edge of the grove, to watch them destroy the church building, for they had already burnt the two large covered bridges in the rear. When congratulating myself on a sure hiding place, to my utter astonishment and great horror, the ranks of the rebels halted and speedily filled up the grove and hitching grounds, ranging themselves along the boundary fence of the graveyard. I lay immediately inside the fence and not more than twenty feet from it, hidden only by leaves and low brush. I was impressed with my dangerous fix. The cavalry overlooked me, for they themselves appeared excited. I could see the very whites of their eyes, and at times imagined they saw me. Thoughts flitted through my mind; my imagination was wrought up to the highest pitch, and my nervous system rather excited. Question after question would arise in my mind, such as, What shall I do? How shall I do? Shall I lie still? Is it better to run ? And many other such crude ideas came and went in quick succession. Not being acquainted with the rules of warfare I concluded that everything was against me, and, if I run, the cavalrymen will shoot me; if they see me concealed here they will take me for a spy and shoot me; they will certainly soon discover and capture me;' thus I thought and felt, as I lay wonderfully quiet in my hiding place. After I had lain about twenty minutes in this retreat, the report of a musket was heard in the rear, and in a moment all mounted and were in rank and off in double quick, for Gen. S., their pursuer, was drawing nigh. This providence was no small relief to me, for it let me out of my embarrassing situation. I returned and found Mrs. Crawford where I had left her, much worried and perplexed in regard to my safety, imagining that some fatal calamity had befallen me." We now quote a few extracts from some of the addresses made by a part of the ministers present on the fortieth anniversary celebration of the retiring pastor of the Nottingham Church: Prof. D. J. McAdam, of Washington and Jefferson College for the last twenty-five years, had been selected by a vote of the congregation (because of being a member of said church from his youth) to respond to the farewell sermon on this occasion. In the course of his remarks he said. " It is not for me to pronounce an eulogy upon the work of Dr. Crawford. He has been the pastor and educator in this church for two score years. That fact is the most eloquent eulogy. And forty such years! It is much to have lived in such a time as this, and keep abreast of its progress; it is much to have been a leader in that progress. How much of the influence of this people is due to the long pastorate which is this day closing? How much is due to the fact that you have thus become known as a church and people who could work together with such harmony as to retain the same pastor for forty years, and instead of abating, increasing your church work; that you have thus fastened the eyes of the entire church upon you. While speaking of the influence which this pastorate has brought to this community, we would be ungrateful, as we would be untruthful, if we did not mention the important part our pastor's wife has had in this agency, in her direct influence upon the women of this congregation, as a stimulus to cultivation and refinement, as an example of an earnest church worker, and an example of an earnest, devoted, unselfish Christian woman. I must dwell no longer. I have only left me to fulfill the commission which I have from this church, to say a parting word to you, Dr. Crawford, in their behalf. And as I see the upturned faces of these, your people, pleading that I should say some word expressive of the emotions which are in their hearts, I feel, as never 214 - HARRISON COUNTY. before, how cold are even eloquent words, how much colder than ice must be mine. We rejoice that you have yet before you continued years of life; that your mental powers are unimpaired, and your intellect still clear." Rev. Robert Alexander, D. D., of St. Clairsville, Ohio, chosen by the presbytery to be their representative upon this occasion, said among other things: " I am directed by the presbytery of St. Clairsville to come to you to-day, my brother, with words of hearty congratulation over the long and successful pastorate which is now closing. We congratulate you on the condition in which we find this church, at the close of this long pastorate. After holding this charge for forty years, you resign it to the presbytery, not divided and weakened, but in the highest of prosperity to which it has ever attained. You have seen its growth from weakness to strength and power. You have seen the aged pass away, and the young grow up and become old; but the communion table has been kept full, the church roll has been growing longer, and the efficiency of the people greater year by year. You now return to us (the presbytery) a united and prosperous church. We congratulate you on the commanding influence you have attained among the brethren in the presbytery. The respect which is felt for your opinions, and weight of your influence among your brethren in the ministry are such as any man might desire. You have had no hobbies to ride, you have had no eccentricities, your judgment has always been good, and you have kept forward in uniform and consistent course, and thus you have gained and held the respect and confidence of all (your ministerial brethren)." Rev. Dr. Schrom, of Pittsburgh, Penn., spoke on " The Responsibilities of a long Pastorate." We give a few quotations from his address: "Knowing what we do of both pastor and people, and after listening to the statements that have been made here to-day (in the fortieth anniversary sermon) of the work accomplished, we are safe in saving that this has been a most successful pastor-, ate. This is said in no spirit of mere commendation, but because we believe it to be true. There is something stimulating in seeing a man at the end of forty years of faithful labor, surrounded by a multitude of friends, counted by hundreds, those who under his ministry have come to Christ as a personal Saviour—his memory crowded with the recollections of other hundreds who have triumphantly passed from the church on earth to the church in Heaven. And now, when the natural strength is beginning to abate, to say with his Saviour, ' I have finished the work thou gayest me to do,' and, with the Apostle, I have fought a good fight, I have kept the faith.' • * * It ought to stimulate us all to greater diligence and more efficient work. Brethren of the presbytery, there are many lessons here for us; there are encouragements here for us. Let us thank God for this pastor, for this church, for this pastorate, with its world-wide belongings and results. We dare not say more, for the subject grows wider and more interesting as we advance." The early history of the subject of this sketch was identified with Cross Creek Township and the city of Steubenville, Jefferson Co., Ohio. His father, after marriage, purchased a farm near Steubenville, on the eastern boundary of Cross Creek Township, and with his wife removed to it, and lived and died upon the same, at an advanced age. His son, Thomas R. Crawford, finished his primary school education at the age of thirteen years; then studied surveying and civil engineering, and followed said business for a short time as deputy for William Lowry, Sr., who was county surveyor, but aged and infirm. In his seventeenth year he entered upon his academic studies. After he completed this course he applied and received a commission from Washington, D. C., to survey a portion of Iowa into sections, but being earnestly opposed in this undertaking by his father, on account of his youth and the necessary exposure in that new and far-off country, that he was constrained to return his commission. He then entered upon the regular college curriculum of study, and graduated at Franklin College, as related at the HARRISON COUNTY - 215 opening of this sketch. Dr. Crawford, in October, 1846, began his pastoral work in the Nottingham Presbyterian Church, which service the providence of God appeared to control and prosper for two score years until feebleness of health and infirmities of age compelled him to resign his onerous charge, which was then the largest and most prosperous rural congregation in eastern Ohio, numbering nearly 400 members, and about 130 families as parishioners, at the end of this long ministerial service. He received the academic degree of D. D., in 1867, from Franklin College. Dr. Crawford, from the age of sixteen years, and for fifty years onward, did not rest from constant study and laborious work, until he resigned his pastorate October 19, 1886, and after a short rest he entered upon home mission work again. Among his college companions were the Hon. John A. Bingham, of Cadiz, Ohio; Hon. Cowen, ex-United States Senator, of Pennsylvania; Hon. Joseph S. Fowler, ex-United States Senator,of Tennessee; the late Dr. William M. Grimes, of Steubenville, Ohio; Rev. Dr. William T. McAdam, of the United States Army; also the late Drs. W. T. and Samuel Findley; Drs. D. C. Irwin and Joseph R. Wilson, of North Carolina, who are members of the Southern General Assembly. We further refer the reader for any more information of the life work of the subject of the foregoing record to two volumes of his writings, one published in 1887, of about 200 pages, titled, " Forty Years' Pastorate and Reminiscences of Rev. T. R. Crawford, D. D." and a former one called " A Historical Narrative," published in 1871. These contain a synopsis of an exceedingly busy life of one whom the late Rev. William M. Grimes, D. D., of Steubenville, Ohio (both alumni of the same college and class) said, in the course of an address made before a large assembly on the occasion of the fortieth anniversary of Dr. Crawford, which was afterward published: " I met you, my brother, first either in the college hall or on the streets of Athens; and can it be that nearly half a century has passed away ? My recollections of our past associations are only pleasant. Being close companions, and graduating in the same class, uniting with the church at the same sacramental season, we were at the Lord's table for the first time together. We were ordained to the full work of the gospel ministry by the same presbytery, and for more than twenty-five years were co-presbyters and neighbors, and now, I am proud to say, that in all these associations there never was a jar or bitter word between us. * * * I have watched your work as a minister of Jesus Christ with great interest and delight. We are the servants of God by appointment. There is a great necessity of divine appointment in order to the validity of the ministerial office. But no fears of the Divine sanction should haunt your bosom, my brother, seeing the Holy Ghost has set His seal in such a wonderful manner to your work." It will take much wisdom, religious forethought and conservatism on the part of the elders and successor to the pastorate to direct, under God, the future interests, unity and prosperity of so large a rural congregation and one so successful and influential in the Presbyterian order for nearly a half century. WILLIAM H. McGAVRAN, a resident of North Township, Harrison County, was born in Harford County, Md., March 3, 1812, and is a son of William McGavran, who was born on the same farm in 1768, and whose father, John McGavran, a native of Ireland, and a tailor by trade, settled in the colony of Maryland about the year 1755. He (John) was married to a Baptist lady named Margaret Hill, who bore him four children, named Mollie, Margaret, Mark and William. John McGavran died about 1770, at the age of thirty-three years, and his widow married a Mr. O'Daniel, and later died in Fayette County, Penn. The children were all reared in the Protestant faith. William McGavran received a good educa- 216 - HARRISON COUNTY. tion for those early times, and became a teacher in the subscription schools, a vocation he followed several years; he was a fine penman, and the young people from all the region round about came to him to learn the art of chirography. He was also a land owner. On March 17, 1791, he married Miss Ann Thompson, a native of Harford County, Md., and daughter of Thomas Thompson. The young couple resided in Marylandu ntil 1818, and then came to Springfield Township, Jefferson Co., now Lee Township, Carroll Co., Ohio, bought 160 acres of land in the woods, and here Mr. McGavran died in 1853, at the age of eighty-six years and nine months; his widow survived until 1863, when she died at the home of her son, in Columbiana County, Ohio, aged ninety-one years. Eleven children were born to them, as follows: Elizabeth, who married Thomas Magattogan, and afterward Benjamin Toland, and died at ninety-six years of age; Mary, wife of Charles Lucy, died at seventy-five, in Schuyler County,; Sarah, Mrs. Samuel Hill, died in Morgan County, Ohio; John, died in Columbiana County, Ohio; Martha, Mrs. John Mays, died in Illinois; Margaret, married to George Lucy, brother of Charles, died in Kentucky; Thomas, who married Margaret Brown, died in Colorado; Dilly Ann, died at the age of twenty-two, unmarried; Mark, who married Louisa Daniels, and died at Minneapolis; William H., the subject of this sketch; and Stephen, who died in Harrison County, Ohio. William H. McGavran, the only one left of the above-named family, was six years of age when brought by his parents to Ohio. He became a very good scholar, and when sixteen years old he was apprenticed to a carpenter in Jefferson County, whom he served four years. He then traveled for a time and located in Minerva, Stark go., Ohio, where he met with prosperity. In 1835 he married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Hon. James Brown, from near Greensburg, Penn., and a few years later moved to Steubenville, Ohio, where he remained from the spring of 1841 to the fall of 1843, when he sold his property and purchased a farm in North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, which was improved. He continued to work at his trade of carpenter, and added cabinet-making and undertaking, making coffins by hand. In 1886 he left the farm in charge of his son, and with his wife took up his residence in Scio. To Mr. and Mrs. McGavran have been born six children, viz. : James B., deceased; Henrietta, wife of William H. H. Masters, of Scio; George W., deceased; S. B., a doctor in Cadiz, Ohio; Elizabeth Margaret, deceased wife of N. E. Clendennin, treasurer of Harrison County, Ohio, and William Thomas, on the home farm. Originally Mr. McGavran was a Whig, and voted for William H. Harrison for president in 1836 and 1840; in 1860 he voted for Abraham Lincoln, and has voted for every Republican nominee since. He served as postmaster under Pierce. In 1859 he was elected to represent his county in the State Legislature, and was serving when the Civil War broke out. James A. Garfield was at this time in the State Senate. For nine years before 1861 Mr. McGavran served as justice of the peace; for thirty-five years he has been a member of the I. O. O. F. ; for ten years he was a member of the Baptist Church, and for the past thirty-eight years has been a member of the Church of the Disciples. His wife is a Presbyterian. Mr. McGavran helped to build the Pan Handle Railroad, and also Scio College, investing some money in each. DAVID C. TOWNSEND. About the year 1812 Joseph Townsend, a native of Bucks County, Penn., emigrated with his family to Ohio and located near Harrisville. Three years later he was accidentally shot by a hunter. The eldest of his family of thirteen children was a son named David, who came to Ohio with his parents, and there married Catherine Cherry, and they resided on the original farm until their deaths in 1874 and 1872, respectively. They had reared a family of four sons and four daughters, of whom the HARRISON COUNTY - 217 third child, Joseph, was born June 2, 1818. He spent his early life at home with his parents, assisting them in the maintenance of the family. He afterward learned the wagon-maker's trade, serving an apprenticeship. This occupation he followed for many years in Harrisville, but since 1872 he has lived a retired life there. In 1842 he married Albina Strodes, a native of Harrisville, and whose parents were early settlers there; she died in 1874, having become the mother of thirteen children--seven sons and six daughters--and of this family the third child in the order of his birth was David C., whose name stands at the bead of this sketch. David C. Townsend was born near Harrisville, Ohio, March 13, 1846, grew to manhood with his parents, and was educated in the public schools. In 1870 he married Adeline Morris, and their union has been blessed by six children, of whom five are now living: Belle, Effie, Georgia, Lydia and Virgil. Mr. Townsend began life as a farm laborer, but now owns fifty acres of fine land in Short Creek Township, and he is recognized as one of the leading agriculturists of this region; has been the architect of his own fortune, and with his family enjoys the respect and esteem of all. Politically be is a Republican. GEORGE H. HEBERLING, one of the stalwart, typical pioneers of Harrison County, was born in Berkeley County, Va., February 6, 1814, son of John and Mary (Crumley) Heberling. Andrew Heberling, grandfather of George H., came from his native Germany at an early date, and married in this country. John Heberling was a blacksmith by trade, which he followed in early life. After his marriage he and his wife remained in Virginia until 1823, when, with their family, they came to Harrison County, and settled on a partially improved farm of 253 acres, located near West Grove Church, in Short Creek Township. Here they died, the father in 1864, at the age of about eighty-seven years, and the mother shortly afterward at the age of eighty-four years. They were the parents of ten children, of whom the following is a brief record: Henry died in Jefferson County, Ohio, and the remainder are Eliza, wife of James Ady, in Muscatine County, Iowa; John, in Miles, Jackson Co., Iowa; Hiram, in Osage County, Kas. ; William, in Greene County, Ill. ; George H., in Harrison County, Ohio; James, in Howard County, Mo. ; Andrew, in Iowa; Rebecca, widow of Thomas Lewis, living in Dubuque, Iowa, and Mary, deceased wife of Joseph Holmes. Mr. Heberling was a soldier in the War of 1812, but having been crippled before his enlistment he was discharged. Politically he was a Whig and Abolitionist, and was for several years a justice of the peace. George H. Heberling attended the common schools of his times, and was reared to farm life. He learned the trade of machinist, which he followed, manufacturing threshing machines, his father having bought the right to manufacture and sell the first Spike Machine ever used, and the family for years manufactured and sold them. In 1835 our subject was united in marriage with Matilda, daughter of Ralph and Eleanor (Cleary) Spurrier, and a native of Maryland, later resident of Harrison County. They were married March 3, 1801, and then moved to Ohio, settling on land in what afterward became Short Creek Township, Harrison County, where they made their home in the woods, having to hew away the trees and brush to make a place for their little cabin. Here Mr. Spurrier died April 2, 1848, aged seventy-five years, having been born in 1773, his wife following him to the grave June 2, 1869, aged eighty-five years, having been born December 18, 1784. They were the parents of eleven children, their names and dates of birth being as follows: John, April 3, 1802; Samuel, February 21, 1805; Warner (a farmer), August 19, 1807; Sallie, November 10, 1809; Richard, September 5, 1812; Ruth, March 24, 1815; Matilda, September 15, 1817; Elizabeth, March 7, 1820; Mary Ann, December 5, 1822; Asenath, September 20, 1824; William, 218 - HARRISON COUNTY. March 22, 1827; all deceased except Warner, Elizabeth, Mary Ann and William. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Heberling lived on the home place of his parents, which Was afterward sold, and they then located near Georgetown, in the same township, where he carried on farming and milling. In 1862 they came to their present place, which is situated four and one-half miles southeast of Cadiz. and comprises 115 acres of well-cultivated land. To them were born nine children, viz. : Thomas and William, deceased; Mary Ellen, wife of J. R. Watkins; John, deceased; Warner, at home; Andrew, in California; Henry, at home; Hazlett and Martha, deceased. Of these, William enlisted in Company C, Ninety-eighth 0. V. I., Capt. John A. Norris, of Cadiz, and at the battle of Perryville, or Chaplin Hills, Ky. (his first engagement), he was mortally wounded. His father proceeded to the place where he was lying and brought home his body, which now lies in the graveyard at West Grove. Warner Heberling married Rosanna Hagan, who died in 1881, leaving five children, one having died previously, and the names of the six are Iona B., John G., Edgar L. (deceased) and George C. (twins), Halbert S. and M. Della. Henry Heberling married Mary J. Stevens, of Short Creek Township, Harrison County, who has borne him one child, George R. Mr. and Mrs. Heberling were for some years members of the Methodist Protestant Church, but are now associated with the Society of Friends. Politically our subject was first a Whig, and afterward a Republican, and at one time he was an active officer of the Underground Railroad. [Since the above was written Mrs. Matilda Heberling was called to her long home December 23, 1890.] JOSEPH BEVAN, one of the early settlers and prominent farmers of Freeport Township, Harrison County, and intimately connected with its industrial and financial growth, was born at St. Clairsville, Ohio, February 27, 1819. His father, Stacy Bevan, was born in Pennsylvania, where the family has long resided, and in the early part of the present century came with his parents to Ohio. They entered a large tract of land, and settled in Belmont County, where Samuel, the father of Stacy, passed his life away. In his early manhood Stacy Bevan was married to Eunice Fawcett, a resident of Belmont County, and this wife dying, he was next married to Jane Roberts, also a resident of Belmont County. The early life of Joseph Bevan was spent on the home farm in Belmont County, where the lessons of industry and economy were early inculcated. Finding the advantages of the common schools too limited, he entered the academy at Mount Pleasant, Jefferson County, where he laid the foundation of a knowledge which became so useful to him in after years. On August 30, 1841, he chose as his life's partner, Maria, daughter of Stephen Hall, of Quaker City, and the young couple commenced their married life in Belmont County, where they remained four years; then removed to Guernsey County. On their farm there they remained eleven years, and finally came to Harrison County, and purchased the farm now occupied by the family. They have ever been industrious and economical, and have succeeded in building up a competence. The issue of their marriage was as follows: Eunice, Mrs. W. W. Wallace; Narcissa, Mrs. Elijah Carver; Mary Ellen, Mrs. John Bethel; Ruth Ann, deceased; Jane, Mrs. James Kirby; Priscilla and Hannah, both deceased; John G. and Jessie, both at home. From his earliest manhood Mr. Bevan was identified with the principles advocated by the present Republican party, and was always in the front ranks of the workers. The family are members of the Society of Friends, and are among the liberal supporters and constant attendants of that society. On September 21, 1881, Mr. Bevan died, and his remains now rest in Greenmount Cemetery. His family still occupy the home farm, its duties and management having fallen on the son, John G., an intelligent and worthy young man, who bids fair to hold the respect the father gained. HARRISON COUNTY - 219 PHILLIP SHAMBAUGH, JR., who is a farmer, and a representative of one of the oldest families of Rumley Township, Harrison County, is the youngest child of Michael and Hettie (Hazlette) Shambaugh, who were married May 31, 1832. Michael Shambaugh is a son of George Shambaugh, who was a son of George Shambaugh, a native of Germany, and who immigrated to Westmoreland County, Penn., in an early day; he was a very successful and wealthy farmer. His son, George, was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., about 1745, and died in Perry County, that State, in 1827; his children were George, Jacob, John, Phillip, Mollie, Barbara and Catherine. George, son of the last mentioned George Shambaugh, was born in Perry County, Penn., in 1787, and there grew up to manhood. He married Mrs. Elizabeth Wirt (a widow) nee Brown, who was born in 1777, a daughter of Michael Brown (of German descent), both of whom, at a later date (in 1817), moved to Rumley Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and entered the farm, comprising about 220 acres, on which Phillip, Jr., now resides, of which he owns 160 acres. The journey from Perry County, Penn., to Rumley Township was made with a four-horse team and a large covered wagon, together with two cows, and it took two weeks to accomplish the journey. The land then was heavily timbered and a dense wilderness; they lived in their wagon until they could erect a small cabin, prepare a small piece of ground for garden, potatoes, etc., which required nearly two months' time. They worked early and late, and, in a few years, the land put on a more cultivated appearance, the forests gave place to pleasant pastures and fine meadow lands, when the cabin was exchanged for a more commodious and comfortable dwelling. To this couple were born four children, as follows: Phillip, residing in Rum-ley Township; Michael, who died March 20, 1863; George, residing on a farm in Rumley Township, and Margaret, who married Samuel Hazlett (both of whom are now deceased). Mr. Shambaugh served in the War of 1812, and died September 4, 1867, his wife having died several years before. His uncle, Jacob Shambaugh, served in the Revolutionary War for three years, he being quite a young boy when he entered the service. An officer came to Jacob's father and demanded his team, consisting of four horses, one a three-year-old colt, for use in the army. The father, however, did not want his team to go, but readily consented, providing the officer would enlist the boy, with the privilege of driving and caring for his team. The officer accepted the terms, the boy served his three years as teamster in the army, and, upon his return home, delivered back to his father his team, unharmed and in good condition. Mr. and Mrs. Shambaugh were active and faithful members in the United Brethren Church for many years. Michael Shambaugh was born in Perry County, Penn., June 18, 1811, and was but six years old when he came with his parents to Rumley Township. Here he grew to manhood on the home farm, receiving an ordinary education in the subscription schools. The schoolhouse where he attended was built of logs, with no floor, and the windows were holes cut through the side of the building, with greased paper fastened over them to let the light in. In one end was a large fire-place, by which the pupils warmed themselves one side at a time; the chimney was only about five feet high. One day, while the teacher was out, the scholars piled the door full of wood and logs, so be could not get in; he then made an effort to come down the chimney, but the boys out-generaled him, and kept him back with firebrands quite a while, but finally let him in. Then the play changed, the rod succeeded the firebrands, and the persecuted teacher became the hero, and so continued throughout his term, the boys having learned not to trifle with birch-rod school teachers. To Michael Shambaugh and wife (Hettie) were born ten children, namely: James, born March 5, 1833, who resides on a farm near New Rumley, Ohio; Elizabeth, born August 1, 1834, married Abraham Fetroe, moved to Iowa, and died there in March, 1864, leaving four children; 220 - HARRISON COUNTY. Mary A., born July 27, 1836, wife of John W. Finnicum, a thrifty farmer, of Burnley Township, Ohio; Simon B., born September 7, 1838, who died unmarried, October 14, 1873, at the old home (a triumphant death), leaving property worth $16,000, bequeathing to the church $3,000, and balance to his brothers and sisters; Adam H., born September 11, 1841; married to Mary Jane, daughter of Samuel Scott, of Rum-ley Township (he is a farmer in Madison County, Iowa, and is quite wealthy); Charlotte, born June 21, 1842, married, May, 1873, to Peter Overholt, who died February, 1877, and his wife died at her old home in January, 1879, leaving one boy W. B. Overholt (one boy-baby had died nearly two years before); Maria, born August 22, 1844, married to H. L. Thompson, August 3, 1871, and lives on a farm in Archer Township, Harrison Co., Ohio; Jane, born November 28, 1846, died October 30, 1867, at the old home, a true Christian; John, born October 13, 1848, married Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob Gutshall, a very wealthy farmer, near Des Moines, Iowa (John is living near his father-in-law, on a farm, and is a very successful farmer), and Phillip, who was born February 18, 1851, and was reared to manhood on the home farm. He received a common-school education in the district school, and attended school one year at Westerville College, Westerville, Ohio. On March 15, 1881, he married Miss Eliza Loretta Scott, of New Burnley, who was a daughter of John A. Scott, Esq., and Eliza (Bivington) Scott, the latter of whom is now deceased. To Phillip, Jr., and Eliza L. Shambaugh have been born two children: Mary Maud and Estella Loretta. Mr. and Mrs. Shambaugh are both active members of the United Brethren Church. Michael and Hettie Shambaugh resided on the old farm until their death; Michael died on March 20, 1863, and his wife, Hettie, born April 16, 1816, died October 22, 1884. They were faithful and devoted members to the church of their choice, United Brethren; were firm, but kind and generous in disposition, very liberal to all the needs of the church, their family and to the poor of their neighborhood. Their home was a home for the minister, the layman, the stranger, and all who came to their door, and their hospitality and generous dispositions were universally appreciated, for no one who knew them could but speak of them in the highest terms of praise. " Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord: for their works do follow them." ISAAC K. LEMASTERS. The name of William Lemasters will long be remembered as that of one of the hardy and energetic pioneers of his day. Born December 20, 1816, in Ohio, of the stanch and substantial race that has made that State a leading one in the Union, he inherited many qualities which served to win for him the respect of his fellow-citizens. His education was limited to the common schools, but his native energy and force of character received a severe and excellent training in the school of hardship and trial, which had so many students within its walls during the first settlement of this county. At an early day his father with his family removed to Ohio, settling on the western bank of that river, on whose bosom now floats so much of the interior commerce of this State, but which then had only an occasional canoe filled with blood-thirsty Indians, or a small boat carrying a few families to their western home. During Mr. Lemaster's first prospecting tour, he and his brother-in-law were surprised by a party of Indians, and the brother-in-law killed, being buried where he fell. Soon afterward Mr. Lemasters brought his family, and though many times compelled to seek the protection of the block-houses, still none, of the family were injured. In a short time they removed to Short Creek Township, where they lived a few years, and then came to. Archer Township, where they purchased a farm on which they passed the remainder of their lives. In 1839 William Lemasters was married to HARRISON COUNTY - 221 Elizabeth, daughter of Abraham Busby, a prominent resident of Archer Township, and they immediately commenced housekeeping on the farm on which Mr. Lemasters died, and on which his widow still resides. Their family consisted of the following named children: Abram R., born September 7, 1840, died September 13, 1843; Deborah J., born April 13, 1842, died April 27, 1855; Amanda A., born May 12, 1845, died October 11, 1854; Isaac K., born September 8, 1846; Melinda, born August 29, 1848; Deborah J., born February 12, 1850; Mary, born August 23, 1853, died November 1, 1854; John, born May 1, 1855; William Jacob, born August 29, 1856, and Joshua Ellsworth, born December 28, 1861, and died July 21, 1883. In politics Mr. Lemasters was an Old-line Democrat, and while not active in seeking political preferment, still was ever ready and willing to assist his party in all ways. He and his wife were members of the Methodist Church, and were always ready to answer all calls of duty. Mr. Lemasters died March 8, 1877, and was buried in Bethel Cemetery; his widow lives with her sons on the home place. Isaac K. Lemasters, whose name opens this sketch, married, in 1869, Miss Lizzie Devore, who was born August 9, 1850, a daughter of Moses Devore, a resident of Harrison County, and the young couple immediately settled on the home place, where they have since resided. The following named children have been born to them: Stewart Glenn, born December 12, 1876; Edna Browning, born February 16, 1879, and Mary May, born October 2, 1881. ROBERT MITCHELL. The name of Mitchell is one of the oldest and most highly honored in Harrison County, and has ever been identified with all the movements tending to the promotion of the county's interests, either financially or socially. The ancestry of this family were from the highlands of Scotland, rugged sons of " the land of the mountain and the flood," who transmitted to their descendants those principles of honesty, shrewdness and industry peculiar to the race. John Mitchell, the father of the gentleman whose name heads this sketch, came from Scotland in early youth, locating at first in Maryland, whence, after a short sojourn, he moved to Steubenville, Ohio, and shortly after to Archer Township, Harrison County, where he met and married Miss Mary, daughter of Rudolph Hines, a resident of Cadiz Township. Here Mr. Mitchell built him a small log cabin, which still stands alongside the present commodious brick residence -a contrast suggestive of the industry and perseverance of their present owner. Nine sons and three daughters were born to John and Mary (Hines) Mitchell, all now deceased except Robert. The parents have both departed this life, the father when seventy-two years of age, and they lie side by side in the Moravian Ridge Cemetery. They were members of the Seceder Church, which they generously supported. Mr. Mitchell, politically, was a prominent Whig, and a stanch adherent of the principles of that party. His brother, Robert, was a veteran of the War of 1812, serving with distinction under Gen. Harrison. Robert Mitchell, the subject proper of this personal narrative, was horn January 5, 1816, on the place where he now resides in Archer Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and until he was twenty-eight years of age he remained at home, attending the common schools in boyhood, and assisting his father in the duties of the home farm. On January 2, 1845, he was married to Eliza Jane, daughter of James Atkinson, of Archer Township, Harrison County, where she was born June 16, 1823. Soon after marriage they purchased a small farm and commenced housekeeping in a frame building, very limited in its proportions, in which they lived until by hard work and economy, they were enabled to add ninety acres to their farm and build their present elegant residence, which stands on the eastern slope of a magnificent bill, commanding a view of the surrounding country rarely equaled. Five children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell, 222 - HARRISON COUNTY. as follows: Jane, born October 31, 1845, married to John Biggar, February 2, 1865, died June 30, 1871, leaving three children, one of whom died in infancy, July 22, 1871 (the others, Laura and William, are residing with their grandfather); John R., born March 11, 1847; James A., born March 13, 1851; William, born August 19, 1853 (deceased); Mary E., born September 2, 1855, married first to Clarence Haverfield, and after his death to Hamilton Lisle. The parents are members of the United Presbyterian Church at Cadiz. In politics Mr. Mitchell was an ardent Whig, and on the organization of the Republican party he became united with them. He is clear-headed, a stanch upholder of the right, arriving at conclusions only after mature deliberation and thorough examination, openly espousing whatever side of an issue he may consider best for the interests of his fellow-citizens. His present condition of prosperity he has secured by his frugality and close attention to business. Commencing at the foot of the ladder, he has, rung by rung, ascended in the social scale until he is now recognized as one of the most solid farmers in his township. His farm has reached its present state of cultivation and improvement by his own labor, supplemented by that of his amiable wife. The buildings are substantial, neat and pleasing to the eye. And here at the age of seventy-four years, spent in honest toil, he rests from his labors, a worthy representative of the early honest settlers who made the land from a wilderness to blossom as the rose. J. W. GALLAHER, a genial restaurant keeper at Means, Harrison County, is a son of W. C. and Ellen (Green) Gallaher, natives of Harrison County, Ohio, former of whom, a son of William, was born in Union County, Penn., of Irish descent. J. W. Gallaher, our subject, was born in German Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, November 14, 1844. He spent his boyhood days on the farm, and in January, 1862, he ran away from home, and enlisted in the United States service, in Company G, Seventy-fourth Regiment, O. V. .; he served four months, when his father took him out of the service. Again, in May, 1863, he ran away, and went into Company H, One Hundred and Seventy-sixth Ohio State Militia, in which he served four months as a private. n December, 1865, he married Miss Sarah E. Barrett, a daughter of Thomas and Rebecca (Con-well) Barrett, and after his marriage he went to Cadiz Junction, where he commenced in the grocery business; there he stayed till 1874, and then moved to Illinois, where he was in the hotel business till 1877, when, in company with another man, he drove to the Black Hills, in search of gold, taking four months to make the journey, and in the fall they drove home. Next spring the gold excitement broke out in Leadville, and thither he went, remaining until 1880, then returned to his home in Illinois, and in the spring of 1881 again went to Leadville; in 1882 he proceeded to New Mexico, prospecting and raising vegetables. In 1883 his family returned to Ohio, and in the fall of same year went to Peachcreek, Oregon, where he ran a stationary engine for the A. & P. R. R. Company; in the spring of 1884 he returned to New Mexico, and traded his ranch for property on Gold Avenue, Albuquerque, N. M..; then sold this property and returned to Ohio, where he bought the property which he now owns. Our subject and wife have had born to them six children, named Lemuel J., Francis C., John C. (killed by cars October 11, 1881), Jessie B., Willie (died October 14, 1881) and Annie B. In 1886 Mr. Gallaher helped to capture a party of burglars that had stolen about $250,000 from a bank in Cadiz, for which he received $1,000. SARAH ANN CANNON was born July 27, 1820, and in 1844 was married to William Mills, a native of Jefferson County, Ohio., born September 1, 1811, and died November 25, 1864. John Mills, father of William, was born in County Down, HARRISON COUNTY - 223 Ireland, November 18, 1766, and died in Carroll County, Ohio, April 29, 1853. Alexander Mills, the father of John, was born in County Down, Ireland, December 11, 1738, and died December 4, 1815. The father of Alexander died February 10, 1776. John Mills, in his old age, moved from Jefferson County, Ohio, to Carroll County, where his son, Alexander, resided. Two, only, of Alexander's children are now living: Ithamar and Shane, and both are farmers of Carroll County. William Mills grew to manhood in Jefferson County, Ohio, and worked in his father's saw-mill until he got hurt in digging a race, after which he taught school until 1837. He then came to New Athens, Harrison Co., Ohio, and entered Franklin College. Afterward he studied medicine under Dr. Enoch Thomas, of the same place, with whom he practiced for three years. In 1844 he was married to Sarah Ann Cannon. Beginning in autumn of the same year he attended a course of lectures at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Penn., after which he continued his practice alone in New Athens for nearly twenty years. Previously, however, he had purchased a farm, and to this he retired a few months before his death, but still pursued his practice. Here he died in his fifty-third year, the father of eight children, viz. : Rachel Jane, James Allen, Moses Cannon and John Sullivan (all deceased); Jesse Lewis, in Kansas; Mary E., Mrs. Dr. J. H. Irwin, in Oregon; Nancy Priscilla, Mrs. Dr. James A. Calhoon, of Pittsburgh, and Robert Emmett, deceased. For her second husband Mrs. Mills married Joseph Dickerson, a native of Pennsylvania, and son of Thomas Dickerson, who came to Athens Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, in 1800. In 1876 Mr. and Mrs. Dickerson came from the farm to the house in which Mrs. Dickerson now lives, in New Athens, where Mr. Dickerson died in the spring of 1877, lacking only twenty days of being eighty-one years of age. There were no children born to this union. Since the age of sixteen Mrs. Dicker son has been a devout and consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. JOHN ALEXANDER VOORHES, one of the best known citizens and one of the oldest residents of North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, was born' in Jefferson County, Ohio, October 20, 1823, and is a son of Jacob Voorhes, a native of New Jersey. The Voorhes family originally came from Germany to America in 1670. The grandfather of our subject, Jacob Voorhes, a tailor by trade, weighed about 130 pounds, which was in great contrast with the balance of the family, who were tall, strong and robust men. Jacob Voorhes, the father of our subject. when a young man, came to the then Far West, and for some time resided in Jefferson County, Ohio. He learned the trade of a cabinet-maker in Wellsburg, W. Va., under the father of Hon. Edwin M. Stanton. Subsequently he built a cabin in Jefferson County, Ohio, for his father, who, with his family, came to Ohio in 1803, and entered a tract of wild land in Jefferson County. Some time later he went to Pennsylvania, and worked at his trade in Fayette County, and there met and married Elizabeth Gaskell, daughter of Budd and Hannah G. Gaskell, the former of whom was a soldier in the War of the Revolution. Some years later the father of our subject, and his wife, came to Jefferson County, Ohio, to live, and John A., our subject, was the first child born to them after their arrival. In March, 1833, the family moved to North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and here purchased 172 ½ acres of land, mostly wild, on which the parents ended their days, the mother dying January 16, 1876, at the age of eighty-one years, and the father July 4, same year, at the age of eighty-nine. Nine children were born to Jacob and Elizabeth Voorhes, viz. : Samuel Sickles, a miller and farmer; Andrew Linn, deceased; Charles F., an attorney in Millersburg, Ohio; John Alexander, our subject; Crawford B., in Selo; Louise, Mrs. Benjamin Simms, in Missouri; 224 - HARRISON COUNTY. George W., a tailor, who lived in Coshocton County, Ohio, and died November 11, 1890, at the age of sixty years; Jacob Ogden, in Uhrichsville, Ohio, and Richard Marion, an attorney in Coshocton, Ohio. The parents were members of the Disciples Church. In politics Mr. Voorhes was a Democrat, although strongly anti-slavery. John Alexander Voorhes was but nine years of age when he came on foot from Jefferson to Harrison County, and when about a mile from his destination—the farm which he now owns—the poor boy broke down from exhaustion. He recovered in a short time, however, and manfully struggled on until the desired point was reached. Here he early took his ax and helped to clear the farm from the forest, and to bnild up a home. His aged father and mother were poor, although the father had made considerable money while in Pennsylvania, which, unfortunately, he lost by going security for his friends. With filial affection our subject cared for his parents until the end, and also did much to advance the younger members of the family. The father was blind for fourteen years. The marriage of John A. Voorhes took place in 1864, with Miss Ann, daughter of Patrick and Hanora (Hickey) Doyle, natives of Ireland, who came to America when their (laughter Ann was eleven years old, she having been born in 1842. She had made her home with the Voorhes and it was during this period that our subject formed an affection for her. To this union have been born four children, named as follows: Andrew Linn, John Edward, Mary D. and William Doyle. The mother departed this life July 2, 1890, at the age of forty-eight years. In politics Mr. Voorhes is a Democrat, but is not a blind partisan. He has differed from his party on many points, more especially in the slavery question. and has exercised his own judgment in voting for a candidate. For himself he has never sought an office, finding it to be more profitable and more to his taste to attend to his private affairs. Although not a member of any church, he is a man of strong moral convictions, and is charitable to a fault. His dwelling, which is a very pleasant one, was erected in November, 1866, soon after the Civil War, and is situated three-quarters of a mile northeast of Scio. For twenty-two years Mr. Voorhes has been away from his home four nights only, and, during the past thirteen years, for not a single night. He has now retired from hard work, leaving the cultivation of the farm to his sons. Hon. Edwin M. Stanton, of whom mention has already been made in this memoir, was a classmate of Charles F. Voorhes, brother of our subject, and was a frequent visitor at the home of his father. The maternal grandfather of our subject, Budd Gaskell, a blacksmith by trade, died in Crawford County, Penn. The mother of Mrs. Ann (Doyle) Voorhes died when Mrs. Voorhes was but six years of age, leaving four children, viz. : Mary, Mrs. Patrick Kinney, of Steubenville, Ohio; Ann, Mrs. Voorhes; Kate, Mrs. Thomas Kinney, and Michael, who died in 1860. Upright in all his dealings, John A. Voorhes enjoys the esteem of his fellow-townsmen to the fullest extent. WILLIAM B. LAW, one of the well-known and respected citizens of North Township, Harrison County, is a native of the county, born in Monroe Township, February 22, 1841, of Scotch-Irish descent. His grandfather, John Law, was a physician, school teacher and civil engineer in his native land (Ireland), but after coming to America in about 1828, he became a farmer. He had married in the " Emerald Isle " a Miss Lynn, by whom he had nine children—two sons, Matthew and Henry, and seven daughters, Charlotte (wife of William Beatty, living in Licking County, Ohio), Fannie (widow of John McMillan, and living in Harrison County, Ohio), Rebecca (deceased wife of Robert Irvine), Mrs. Margaret Simpson (in Stock Township), Mrs. Mary Simpson (who died in Illinois), Mrs. Jane Humphrey (widow, residing near Cadiz, Harrison County), and Elizabeth Birney, widow of Robert Birney (deceased), resident of Harrison HARRISON COUNTY - 225 County, Ohio. The grandparents, with their family, came to Harrison County, entering 160 acres of land, on which they erected a log house in Monroe Township, in about 1828. Here John Law died in 1859, at the age of ninety-four years and three months, his wife following him to the grave shortly after, when in her eightieth year. Matthew Law, father of William B., was about twenty years of age when he came to America. He married Rebecca Birney, of Green Township, Harrison County, and they then settled on the old homestead of his father in Monroe Township. They had born to them four children, as follows: John, in Monroe Township; William B., in North Township; Robert B., also in North Township, and Jane, who died in infancy. The mother died in September, 1864, at the age of forty-eight years, and Mr. Law then (his sons having married and taken up homes of their own) broke up housekeeping, and went to live with his son, Robert B., at whose home he died September 9, 1879, when aged seventy-one years. He was at first a prominent Whig, and on the question of foreign enfranchisement became a Democrat; he was not an aspirant for comity office, but held several positions of trust in his township. He and his wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. William B. Law attended the common schools of the district, completing his education at Hagerstown Academy in 1861. He also was school teacher. In October, 1862. he was married to Rebecca J. Forbes, by whom he had three children, viz.: James F., a farmer in Carroll County; Edgar W., at home and attending school at Scio College, and Mary, in Illinois. Soon after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Law came to the place in North Township where he has ever since carried on farming. In January. 1888, he took, for his second wife, Florence, daughter of William and Nancy (English) Donaldson, by whom he had a son, Berlin D. Law, born October 4, 1890. Politically Mr. Law has always been a Democrat, and, although living in a Republican township, his popularity has placed him in public positions of trust. For four terms (twelve years) he was justice of the peace in North Township, filling the office with ability. He was a member of the board of education for about twelve years, resigning the position when he was elected justice of the peace. Mr. Law's farm of 254 acres is situated on the township line, near Connotton, where he is engaged in breeding fine stock, making a specialty of Short-horns (being the first to introduce that breed of cattle into the township), draft horses and roadsters. He is also general agent, for eastern Ohio, for the Manhattan Life Insurance Company of New York, organized in 1850. He united, in 1862, with the Presbyterian Church at New Hagerstown, Carroll Co., Ohio. W. K. HAVERFIELD, manufacturer of sash, doors, blinds, etc., Jewett, Hari rison County, is a son of John and Emeline (Lavely) Haverfield, and was born in Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, January 23,1854. He was reared on his father's farm, and finished his education at Hopedale, Academy in the winter of 1874-75. On May 20. 1875, he married Miss Annie Humphrey, who was born June 1.9, 1853, a daughter of William and Jane (Law) Humphrey, natives of Ireland, the former born in 1812 and the latter in 1813, both of whom came to Ohio in 1818, where they were married. William Humphrey's father was Thomas Humphrey, and Jane Law's father was named John. Thomas Humphrey died in Ireland, and William' came to Ohio with his mother. The Laws and Humphreys settled in Monroe Township, Harrison Comity, on what is known as Plum Creek. After our subject's marriage his father gave, him a farm in Stock Township, where he remained till 1886. He then Went to Kansas and to Denver, Colo., where he stayed till the swing of 1887, when he returned- to Harrison County, Ohio, settled in Jewett, and bought of John K. Miller a planing-mill, and a fine residence that 226 - HARRISON COUNTY. was partly finished. Mr. and Mrs. Haverfield are the parents of one child, Clara, born June 30, 1883. Both are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Haverfield has been mayor of Jewett for the last three years. CARLETON ADOLPHUS SKINNER, a well-to-do farmer, is one of the best known citizens of Moorefield Township, Harrison County. His father, Samuel Skinner, was a son of Joseph, a native of France, born June 14. 1766, and whose wife was a native of Scotland, born December 21, 1770. This couple immigrated to the United States in an early day, and settled near the Natural Bridge in Virginia. They were the parents of nine children, as follows: William, Philip, Madison, John, Joseph, Samuel, Charles, Nancy Hull and Lucy Willis. They remained in Virginia some years, then removed to Morristown, Belmont County, Ohio, where they spent their last days, Joseph dying April 18, 1837, his wife having preceded him to the grave January 5, 1811. Samuel Skinner was born in Virginia on January 26, 1794, and was quite young when brought by his parents to Ohio, where he grew to manhood. On July 22, 1817, he was married to Miss Catherine Clements, who was born August 14, 1796, a daughter of Abraham Clements, of Guernsey County, Ohio, and by this union there were two children, viz. : Malinda Martin, born in 1818, and died September 5, 1864, and C. A., born August 18, 1829. About 1820 Samuel Skinner removed to Moorefield Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, where he opened a saddle and harness shop, having learned his trade of William Skinner, of Washington, Ohio. At this he worked several years in Moorefield, during which time he purchased 222 acres of land. Politically, he was a 'Whig, and for thirty years was a justice of the peace in Moorefield Township, being at his time considered one of the best exponents of common law in the county. He was well known throughout the county, and highly respected by all. Mr. Skinner departed this life June 2, 1860, his wife following him to the grave April 3, 1885, and their remains rest in Moorefield Cemetery, an elegant monument marking their last resting place. C. A. Skinner was born where he now resides in Moorefield Township, Harrison County. His school advantages were somewhat limited, as he had to follow the plow when only twelve years of age, doing a man's work, but, being gifted with energy, ambition and an active mind, he acquired for himself a practical business education. In 1858, while at work in the harvest field, he received a sunstroke, from which he did not recover in several years. On July 3, 1856, Mr. Skinner married Miss Lucy A. Thompson, who was born January 8, 1826, a daughter of Robert and Elizabeth (Hague) Thompson, residents of Moorefield, Ohio. The family on Mrs. Thompson's side were Quakers, her ancestry being English, and bearing the name of Towner; Mr. Thompson's family were people of Ireland. To Mr. and Mrs. Skinner were born four children, who all died in early infancy. In the summer of 1875 Mr. Skinner repaired the old residence, and now has one of the finest homes in Moorefield Township. In politics he is a stanch Republican, but never ran for office until the fall of 1890, and he is now a member of the State Board of Equalization. JAMES ROSS ROBERTS, harness-maker 1 and saddler, Jewett, Harrison County, is ( I a son of Robert and Ruth (Atkinson) Roberts, natives of Virginia. Robert Roberts was one of a family of five children born to his parents, viz. : Samuel, Alexander, William, Robert and Mary. Robert was born in 1790 in Brooke County, Va. (now W. Va.), and thence came to Jefferson County, Ohio. During his boyhood days, however, he had been in Steubenville, Ohio, where he had been employed in the gunshop of James Ross, the gentleman from whom our subject derives his name. He was charmed with the State, and when, in 1817, he HARRISON COUNTY - 229 married Miss Ruth Atkinson, Annapolis, Jefferson Co., Ohio, was the home of their choice. Miss Atkinson was a daughter of James Atkinson, and was one of a family of eight children, all of whom are now deceased. At Annapolis, Ohio, Robert Roberts was engaged in work at his trade, that of gunsmith, until 1827, when he removed to a farm in German Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, belonging to Mrs. Roberts, left her by her father, James Atkinson, known as Section No. 27, and divided, at Mr. Atkinson's death, equally among five heirs. Here the elder Mr. Roberts died in 1834, and here he lies buried in the family burying ground, on part of the old homestead; Mrs. Roberts lived on in her widowhood until 1885, when she entered into rest. To them were born eight children, by name, William (deceased), Thomas (deceased), George, Mary (deceased), J. R., Ellen, John, and Caroline (deceased). James Ross Roberts, the subject of our sketch, was born in Annapolis, Ohio, May 20, 1826, and was only eighteen months old when his parents removed to German Township, Harrison County. After the death of his father, in 1834, he began to work for the neighboring farmers, during the summer, for the small pittance he could earn, and spent the winters in working for his board and attending school. At sixteen years of age he entered the harness shop of John Land as an apprentice. Mr. Land left the county, after which Mr. Roberts, then a young man of good habits and with a determination to succeed, went to Steubenville, Ohio, and Pittsburgh, Penn., in search of a situation. No one would take an apprentice unless he would agree to serve five years for his board and clothes. This, Mr. Roberts thought, was too much to require of an apprentice, therefore he began learning the trade of a mason, at which he was engaged for two years. He then entered a harness shop with a Mr. Hughes, who had come from Pittsburgh, Penn., to Jefferson County, Ohio, where our subject remained four years. In February, 1851, he married Miss Dillie Ann, a daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth 13 Potts, natives of Ohio, and to this union were born three children: Elizabeth, wife of Jacob Miller, now deceased; Samuel, an operator in Dennison, Ohio, and Richard, deceased in infancy. The wife of his youth died in 1856, and in 1858 Mr. Roberts married Miss Margaret Ryder, daughter of George and Catherine (Culp) Ryder, who were among the early settlers of German Township, Harrison County. To this union have been born five children: Katie Bell, wife of Minden Hall, assistant train-master, Crafton, Penn. ; John, an employe of a railroad company in Dennison, Ohio; Thomas, brakeman on the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad; McClellan, conductor on the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad, and William, conductor on the Pan-Handle Railroad. Both our subject and wife are active and influential members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and are highly respected by a wide circle of acquaintances for their many sterling qualities. Mr. Roberts has served in the capacity of clerk for German Township, six years, as clerk of Rumley Township, twelve years, and as justice of the peace in Rumley Township, nine years, which facts go to attest to his many excellent business qualities and the soundness of his judgment. GEORGE MARTIN. Few indeed are the men who, like the subject of this sketch, I have spent more than the allotted three score and ten years in Harrison County, Ohio. George Martin was born March 1, 1817, on the farm owned by Aaron Ross, and not more than one-half mile from his present residence. Fifteen days after his birth his parents, Arthur Martin, a native of Ireland, and Margaret Martin, nee 'Ur ey , of Lancaster County, Penn., removed to the farm where the balance of their lives was spent, and where our subject and his family now reside. George Martin was a young man whose lightness of spirits and jollity contributed largely to the merry-makings of the early day, and he grew to manhood much as 230 - HARRISON COUNTY. did other farmer boys of those early days. On January 3, 1853, he married Miss Rachel H., daughter of John and Matilda Kennedy, she being a native of Tuscarawas County, Ohio. In February following their marriage they came to the home which they never left till the wife and mother was carried out to the " silent city of the dead." She departed this life January 17, 1881, aged forty-nine years, leaving three children: Angelina (now Mrs. A. B. Conwell, in Kansas), William Hamilton and Orlando K. (at home). In 1877 Mr. Martin lost the sight of his left eye, and the other in sympathy becoming threatened and beginning to fail, he went to the medical department of the State University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, to have an operation performed with the hope of saving the sight, but in spite of all that could be done the sight gradually became dimmer, until at last the final flickering spark of day went out, leaving him to grope his aged way in midnight darkness. His farm is cared for by his sons. George Martin's work is finished. The feet that once led lightly in the dance now slowly pick their tottering way. The brain that once so earnestly laid plans for the future now lives only in retrospect. The ears, that once heard the words of comfort and cheer from the departed wife, now, blunted to the sounds of earth, are rendered more alert to catch the first vibration of the summons to the final reunion. One of but four, who, as early as he, were in this part of the county, he will ere long be gone, and the sods falling upon his coffin will echo back that another pioneer is departed, and one long to be remembered. Orlando K. Martin, his youngest son, was born July 23, 1857, and his home has ever been made upon the farm. On July 23, 1884, he was married to Miss Alma E. Carson, daughter of D. L. and Ella (Wells) Carson, and a native of Harrison County, Ohio. One child, Clara B., has been born to them ....William H. Martin, the elder son of George Martin was born in 1855, and still remains on the farm unmarried. Both are Republicans in sentiment. JEWELL E. HILLYER, a prosperous young farmer and a son of George and Amelia (Edna) Hillyer, was born March 12, 1848, in Franklin Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, where he has passed his whole life. He was reared on the home place, on which he performed all the duties demanded of a farmer's son, until he reached his majority, when, his father's health having failed, he was placed in full charge. On November 26, 1873, Jewell E. Hillyer married Miss Susan, daughter of John R. and Martha Melany, and the results of this union are two children: Harry E., born August 26, 1874, and John S., born October 11, 1877. Like George Hillyer, his father, Jewell E. was identified with the Republican party, but lately has been a Prohibitionist, and, while not seeking the emoluments of office, still does his share of party work. Since the foundation of the Presbyterian Church at Feed Springs, the Hillyer family have been among its stanchest sup porters, and this immediate family are no exception to the rule. Jewell E. Hillyer is an entirely self-made man, as he began his business life with hardly any means of his own, but he is now the owner of 225 acres of excellent land, in a high state of cultivation, and is engaged in the breeding of the better grades of stock, more especially blooded horses, in which he has achieved a most enviable reputation. He is highly esteemed among his neighbors as an enterprising, industrious and thrifty young man, and as the embodiment of integrity. George Hillyer, father of our subject, was born in England, on the Isle of Wight, Hants County. Thomas Hillyer, father of George, also a native of England, where he was married to Ann Rogers, came with his family to America, landing in New York, where they remained some time, and then proceeded to Franklin Township. Harrison Co., Ohio, where his descendants still reside. The. family comprised the following children: George, William, Ann, Mary Ann, Elizabeth and Henry. In 1842, pining a visit to England, Thomas Hillyer died, and was there buried; his widow survived until HARRISON COUNTY - 231 1857, when she too passed away. George Hillyer was about sixteen years of age when he was brought to America, and soon after his majority he was married to Amelia Edna, daughter of Jewell Edna, of Franklin Township, Harrison County, and the children resulting from this union were Thomas, Robert (deceased), Mary Jane, Caroline (deceased), Henry, Jr., William A., Louisa, Jewell E., Edward (deceased), Silas (deceased), Emma and Albert. George Hillyer was first an active Whig, and then a Republican. He was among the organizers of the Presbyterian Church at Feed Springs, and was always one of its liberal supporters and consistent members. He died in December, 1886, and was buried beside his wife who had died in 1871. EDWARD STANTON McFADDEN was born in Athens Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, January 14, 1857, and is a son of John J. and Easter (Clifford) McFadden. He grew to manhood on the home farm, and was educated primarily at the common schools, but subsequently attended the college at New Athens. He then became a teacher in the " Irish Ridge " school for two years, and during this period he married Miss Anna, daughter of Samuel and Mary (Richey) McFadden, of Cadiz. The young couple passed their first year of married life in the town of Cadiz, and then moved to the village of Moorefield, where, for five years, Mr. McFadden was employed as a clerk by A. J. Schreiber & Son. On December 1, 1885, he purchased the store and stock of James Day, in New Athens, where he still carries on business. His stock in trade consists of groceries, queens-ware, and the other line of goods usually kept in what is denominated a "general store," and his affability and suavity have won for him a class of substantial customers who cling to him. His children are two in number: Lillian M., born June 23, 1881, and Bessie S., born September 12, 1883. In politics Mr. McFadden is a Democrat, and under the auspices of that party is filling the position of township treasurer. Mrs. McFadden is a member of the Presbyterian Church of New Athens, and, like her husband, holds the esteem of all who know her. Mr. McFadden, who represents one of the pioneer families of Harrison County, well sustains the enviable reputation of the family. He is strictly honest, and fearlessly stands for his convictions of right. In business he is progressive, keeps abreast of the times, and manages it so that it pays. He makes his home in the same building which contains his store, and which is located on the " Pike," the main thoroughfare. SAMUEL SNEDDEKER, an old-time farmer of German Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, was born in Wayne Township, Jefferson Co., Ohio, February 9, 1812, and is a son of John and Elizabeth (Cutshall) Sneddeker, atives of Pennsylvania. John was a son of arrett Sneddeker, who was an early settler in Pennsylvania, Washington County, in which county John Sneddeker was born, in 1789. Garrett Sneddeker raised a family of four children, named John, Jacob, Elizabeth and Polly. John Sneddeker was brought to Ohio about 1800, and here he married Elizabeth Cutshall, a daughter of Nicholas Cutshall, who came to German Township, Harrison County, in 1800. Mr. Cutshall built the first mill ever built in German Township, having both horse and water power, and comprising both saw- and grist-mill; the stones he used in grinding are still near the place where the old mill stood; the farm is now owned by Irven Naragon. In 1816 John Sneddeker purchased 120 acres on Section 1, German Township, where he cleared about ten acres, built a small log cabin, and died the same year, the father of a family of four children, as follows: Rebecca, wife of Jacob Dunmire, of Jasper County, Iowa; Samuel, the subject of this sketch; Garrett, who died in infancy; and Elizabeth, de ceased. Samuel Sneddeker, after his father's death, 232 - HARRISON COUNTY. stayed on the farm till 1826, when he went to Hopedale, Green Township, Harrison County, to learn the tanning trade, and remained there until 1833, when he returned to the old home to help his mother. October 30, 1849, Mr. Sneddeker married Miss Mary J. Glasener, a daughter of Garrett and Ann (Maholm) Glasener, natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Cadiz, Ohio, in 1800. After his marriage Mr. Sneddeker bought forty-four acres of land in the western edge of Jefferson County, near his mother's farm, where he lived for six years, when he sold and came to where he now lives, and bought 116 acres, about one mile north of Miller's Station. His mother died September 19, 1875, and our subject is now owner of the old homestead, to which he has added fifty-nine acres. He has as comfortable buildings as there are in the township, and is one of the leading farmers of Harrison County. Mr. Sneddeker and wife have had born to them. nine children, viz. : Margaret and Deborah, deceased; Anise, wife of John Grable, farmer in Jefferson County, Ohio; Florence, wife of John Kirkpatrick; Mary J., wife of James Buchanan; John, in Brule, Keith Co., Neb., and Rebecca, Bethia and Samuel, all living at home. JOSEPH SMITH (deceased). Some are strengthened by adversity and hardship, while others, less strong, are brokon down and destroyed. Among the former class are those hardy pioneers who, though poor in worldly goods, were still rich in energy, resolution and perseverance, braving successfully the dangers and difficulties attendant on the settlement of a new country. Among the residents of Archer Township, none have labored more assiduously than the late Joseph Smith, who was born February 11, 1801. His parents dying when he was a young child, he was thrown on the tender mercies of strangers. In his tenth year he joined the family of Frederick Zeller, for the purpose of learning the blacksmith's trade, which he followed at intervals, but much of the time was passed in assisting on the farm. With this family he remained until he was of age, when he purchased a set of blacksmith's tools, and commenced to work for his old employer. In this he engaged for some time, but finally, as the trade was injuring his health, he sold his tools and embarked in the milling business, which he followed for nearly eight years. He then purchased a small farm, but this he soon after sold, and bought the farm now owned by Thomas Baker. This he retained for some time, but finally disposed of it, and removed to Perry County, Ohio, where he engaged in buying and selling coal, making a handsome profit. He remained there for a time, and then upon the death of his wife, he determined to return to the scene of his childhood, trusting that familiar scenes and faces might tend to cheer him, and soon after returning he purchased the farm which he still owns. On May 15, 1828, he was married to Rachel, a daughter of Peter Hayes, one of the early residents of Archer Township. Together they traveled life's pathway, sharing each other's joys and sorrows, until September 7, 1863, when the loving wife departed on that journey from which none return, and was buried in Perry County, this State; she was a member of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Smith, soon after returning to Harrison County, was married May 17, 1865, to Jane, daughter of Henry Easlick, one of the highly respected families of Archer Township, who were among the oldest settlers of Harrison County, and among those most highly respected and esteemed. The family are all deceased, except three sisters who live in Archer Township, Harrison County. Joseph Smith died June 28, 1890, a member of the Lutheran Church. In politics he was a Democrat, and cast his first vote for Gen. Jackson, for whom he voted three times. He was ever an interested observer of all matters of State and Nation, and up to the day of his death evinced a knowledge of the affairs of the present time seldom equaled by any. His memory to the last was excellent, and all his senses were in a normal state. If honesty of purpose, irre- HARRISON COUNTY - 233 proachableness of character and unquestioned integrity make one deserving of a place in the esteem of his fellow-citizens, Mr. Smith surely occupied a high one. EDWIN S. WOODBORNE, one of the most esteemed citizens of Harrison Conn- ty., is a native of England, born in Somersetshire, May 14, 1817, a son of James W. and Jane (Scott) Woodborne, the former of whom died when Edwin S. was some six years of age. In 1825 our subject immigrated to America, landing in New York, where he remained eleven years engaged in the trades of plumber, printer and blacksmith and carriage-maker. In 1836 he moved to Newark, N. J.; in 1838 he proceeded from there to Carroll County, Ohio, where he carried on his trade (blacksmith and carriage-maker), and in 1841 he moved to Germano, in German Township, Harrison County. While here he was elected sheriff of the county, serving until 1860, having been re-elected. In the early part of the latter year he came to Scio, where he commenced carriage-making and the manufacture of agricultural implements, from which he retired in 1875. For some twelve or thirteen years he also carried on a livery business in Scio. While in Carroll County Mr. Woodborne was married to Annie Roudebush, whose parents were among the first settlers of Carroll County, and by this union there were born three children, of whom the following is a brief record: George W. is a physician in Uhrichsville, Ohio (he was recorder of the county two terms); Margaret Catherine is the wife of D. C. Foster, and they reside in Uhrichsville; Tobias R. is postmaster at Dennison, Ohio. In 1877 the mother died at the age of sixty-five years, and in 1881 Mr. Woodborne became united in marriage with Mrs. Mary E. Smith, widow of George W. Smith, and daughter of Michael and Margaret (Stites) Rawlings. She is a native of Harrison County, Ky., born in 1833. Mary E. Rawlings was first married in 1854 to George W. Smith, of New York City, who died of paralysis in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1878. In the War of the Rebellion he served under Col. Ellsworth, and was wounded at the first battle of Bull Run. Mr. Woodborne served his adopted country in the Civil War by enlisting, in 1863, in Company F, Ninety-eighth O. V. ., which regiment was sent to Tennessee and Georgia, and was with Sherman; but being forty-six years of age, and not well able to stand the fatigue, and, moreover, having been injured (from which he has never yet recovered), he applied for a discharge, which was granted him in 1865 by order of President Lincoln. His youngest son was in the same company and went with Sherman to the sea, and his eldest son was one of those who were in the charge near Petersburg, being severely wounded in the head. George W., the eldest son here alluded to, first enlisted in Company E, Eighty-eighth O. V. I., June 10, 1862, to serve three months, and was discharged September 26, 1862; was enrolled on August 2, 1863, to serve six months, but was discharged to be enrolled in the three years' service, or during the war, and was finally discharged May 19, 1865. Our subject assisted in enlisting several companies in the county. He is a Republican in politics; is a member of the F. & A. M., the I. O. O. F., and also of Welch Post, No. 422, G. A. R., at Uhrichsville, Ohio. HANCE WILSON KAIL, a thriving farmer of Burnley Township, Harrison County, was named for one of the first settlers of Steubenville, Ohio, who was also one of the wealthiest men of Jefferson County, this State. Mr. Kail was born March 11, 1829, in German Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, a son of Jacob and Mary (Whitmore) Kail. Jacob Kail was a son of John and Catherine (Routh) Kail, natives of eastern Pennsylvania, who migrated to Harrison County, Ohio, in 1800, and settled in German Township, near where our subject's brother, John Kail, died in September, 1890. Here John Kail, the 234 - HARRISON COUNTY. father, built a small cabin, turned the forest into fine pastures and meadow lands, and endured all the hardships of the early days. This couple were born in Pennsylvania about 1775, and Mrs. Kail departed this life in 1870. To this worthy couple were born eight children, named as follows: Henry, Frederick, John, Polly, Margaret, Nancy, Annie and Jacob. Jacob was born in Pennsylvania in 1798, but he was reared to manhood in the wilderness of German Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. Just before the War of 1812 closed he enlisted in the United States service, but before he was put into actual service peace was declared. He returned home, married and settled on the old farm. To this union were born nine children, as follows: Betsy, wife of Jacob Bosley, farmer in German Township; George, deceased; Lucinda, in a Western State; Samuel, deceased; John, deceased; Lovina, in Kansas; Hance W., our subject; Enoch, in Conrad Grove, Grundy Co., Iowa. Jacob Kail departed this life in 1874. His wife was born in 1798, and died in 1852. Hance Wilson Kail grew to manhood in German Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and received his education in the common schools, but he could attend school only about three months in the year; yet, being desirous of having a better education than the average boy of his day, he spent his leisure hours in study, thus obtaining a practical business education. August 24, 1854, he married Miss Elizabeth Thicker, born May 2, 1838, a daughter of Henry and Mary Ann (Smith) Bricker. After his marriage he remained on the old farm for two years, and then removed to Rumley Township, in 1857; he purchased the farm he now owns of 101 acres, on which he settled in 1859. He has been very successful in farming, and has a comfortable home. His faithful wife departed this life October 1, 1889. For many years Mrs. Kail was an active member of the United Brethren Church, in early days, but in past years failed to attend, and she was highly respected by all who knew her. This couple were parents of six children, as follows: George W., in Rumley Township; William D., in Rumley Township; Mary H., wife of James Carpenter, of Scio, Ohio; Delilia A., Henry H. and John W., reside at home. Of these children Henry H. was married October 2, 1890, to Miss Cora M. Burrier, of Harlem Springs, Ohio; Miss Delilia A. was married December 23, 1890, to Enoch J. Russell, of Gallia County, Ohio. Mr. Kail is an active worker in the United Brethren Church, which he joined in March, 1880, and is one of the leading men of his township. BENJAMIN CALCOTT. Among the time-honored early settlers of what is now Carroll County, Ohio, was the worthy couple, Robert and Ann (Heritage) Calcott, who were industrious farmers. They were married in England, and some twenty years later came to America and to a farm in Carroll County, where they died, she in 1860, and he in 1865. They had a family of five children, as follows: Robert, a sketch of whom is given below; Edward (now deceased); Valentine, living in Iowa; Grace; and Ann, married to Peter Hendricks, and living in Iowa. Of these, Grace they left in England, she having married. Robert Calcott, son of Robert and Ann Calcott, was twenty years of age when he came from England, where he had been a baker and had also worked as a wool comber. After coming to America he became a farmer, which occupation he followed for a time in Carroll County, whence he moved to Tuscarawas County, where he secured a farm. He then married Miss Catherine, daughter of Benjamin Robinson, a farmer from Pennsylvania, who died in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, and the young couple then settled on a farm in that county, where Mr. Calcott died in July, 1885, at the age of seventy years, having been preceded to the grave by his wife who died of typhoid fever in 1864, at the early age of thirty-five years. They had born to them eight children, viz.: Benjamin, whose name appears at the head of this sketch; Edward, Ann, John. Orpha, Naomi HARRISON COUNTY - 235 and Emma (all deceased, five of them having died of typhoid fever at the time of their mother's death), and James A., residing on the old home place in Tuscarawas County. Benjamin Calcott, the subject proper of these lines, received a good common-school education, and was reared to a thoroughly practical farm life. In 1869 he was united in marriage with Jenette, daughter of John and Ann McLandsborough, and born in Harrison County. After their marriage they made their home on the farm in Tuscarawas County until April 4, 1882, when they came to their present place, situated one and a half miles west of Scio. To this union were born seven children, as follows: William E., Catherine Ann, John Robert and Alice, all at home, and Edward, an infant, and Mary, deceased. Mr. Calcott in his political preferments is a Republican. For four years he has been trustee of North Township, and is now serving the last year of his second term. He is associated with the K. of P. and he and his wife are members of the Lutheran Church in Tuscarawas County. His fine farm, consisting of 285 acres, less fourteen taken by the railroad company, is known as the old Peter Trushel Farm. Mr. Calcott is widely and favorably known as a thoroughly progressive man, always among the foremost to advance the interests of his township, county and State. ISRAEL RANKIN, the only representative of one of the oldest families in Harrison County, was born November 20, 1830, and is a son of James and Hester (Earley) Rankin. His early life was spent in assisting in the duties of the home farm, and in attendance at the district schools of his neighborhood. August 18, 18'70, he was married to Sarah, daughter of Adam Dickerson, and settled on the place where he was born and still resides, and where, until August 29, 1886, his wife shared his joys and sorrows. Her remains now rest quietly in Rankin Cemetery. His children are named Elizabeth Jane, James Jamison and William Dickerson. From his early youth he has been an earnest supporter of the Democratic party, and has held various offices in the gift of the people, as trustee, land appraiser, etc. He has always taken an active part in the political movements of his township, and has never missed an election since he was of age. Like his ancestry he has been a member of the Rankin Methodist Episcopal Church, and has held all the offices in that organization, and now occupies a prominent position in its financial and temporal welfare. He is a member of the F. & A. M. at Flushing, No. 298, in which he has been worshipful master for the past twenty-five years. He was high priest of Cadiz, R. A. Chapter, No. 98, and a Sir Knight at St. Clairsville Hope Commandery, No. 26. He is the only man in the township who has the order of high priesthood, which was conferred October 11, 1866, at Toledo. He is also a member of the Masonic Veterans of Ohio, organized at Columbus, Ohio, in 1870, by John D. Caldwell, of Cincinnati. Prominent in social, financial, religious and secret organizations, he is one of Harrison County's representative men. Following is a chronological sketch of the Rankin family, as represented by it in Harrison County. William Rankin, the progenitor of the family in this country, was born in Scotland about the year 1720, and emigrated in the eighteenth year of his age to try his fortune in the New World. He settled in Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley, and was married to Miss Abigail Tassia; and the fruits of this marriage were nine sons and two daughters, as follows: William, David, Matthew, John, James, Zaccha, Thomas, Mary, Abigail, Samuel and Jesse. From there, with the exception of the son William, they moved to Washington County, Penn., where the father purchased a tract of 1,800 acres, of Col. Crawford, and lived in a block house or fort on the waters of the Raccoon Creek, in what is now known as Mount Pleasant Township. James was subsequently killed by the ndians on his way to Pennsylvania from Kentucky, where he had purchased a large tract of land. Thomas, in after years, moved to 236 - HARRISON COUNTY. Harrison County, Ohio. Jesse Rankin, the youngest son of William, was also one of the early pioneers of Ohio, but did not remain here. Thomas Rankin was married to Miss Nancy Foreman, and by this marriage were born five children, as follows: James, William, David, Jane and Nancy. Thomas remained in Washington County, and participated in many battles with the Indians, one of which was the Poe battle, at the mouth of Tomlinson Run, on the Ohio River, and in this fight there were three Indians to one white man. Mr. Rankin had taken shelter behind a tree, and an Indian seeing him there, drew his gun to fire, but in cocking it he broke the main spring; one of his comrades seeing the situation, fired and killed the Indian, when Mr. Rankin picked up the Indian's gun and participated in the fight. In 1805 he came to Ohio and settled in Moorefield Township, Harrison County. The Rankin Methodist Episcopal Church was the third organization of the kind in eastern Ohio; located in Moorefield Township, and organized in 1815, on land given as a donation by Thomas Rankin, by a deed, dated, 1819. This church was first organized by Rev. James Roberts and Thomas Dickerson about 1814. Among the names found enrolled at that time were Thomas Rankin, Sr., Mary Rankin, James Rankin, Hester Rankin, Arthur Barrett, Sr., Isaac Barrett, William Jones, Rachel Jones, Sarah Foreman, Martha White, Mary A. Moffit, Mary Love, John Porter, Samuel Jones, and others. Having no house in which to worship, this faithful band of pioneer Christians was compelled to worship in the log cabin of Thomas Rankin. The first trustees of the church were Thomas Rankin, Leonard Barnes, Ephraim Sears and Edward Ruby. James Rankin, the eldest son of Thomas Rankin, was born in Mount Pleasant Township, Washington Co., Penn., December 22, 1784, and was married to Miss Hester Earley, December 15, 1809. Miss Earley was born May 31, 1793, near Chartiers Creek, Washington County, Penn. They were surrounded by a family of eight children, as follows: Jane, Thomas, Mar garet, Nancy, Sarah, William, Matilda and Israel, of whom three are dead, Jane, Thomas and William; they all became heads of families. During the War of 1812 Mr. James Rankin served a term as a minute-man, and in 1813 settled in Harrison County, Ohio, on the farm where Israel Rankin now resides. Thomas Rankin died May 12, 1832, and his remains were followed to the cemetery adjoining, and Rankin Church by a large concourse of mourning relatives and friends, their loss being deeply deplored. JOHN HARRISON, one of the best known citizens of North Township, Harrison County, and ranking among the most progressive agriculturists of Harrison County, was born July 10, 1830, on the farm where he now lives. The grandfather of our subject, also named John Harrison, first came fron England to this country in 1814, and traveled as far west as Pittsburgh, Penn. ; he then returned to the old country and in 1816 came back to America, and here became the pioneer of all the English families that settled in North Township. John Harrison returned again to England in 1823, where he died ten years later at the age of seventy-five years. He had been a farmer all his life, and owned in England 114 acres of prime land. His wife also died in that country. Joseph Harrison, father of the subject of this sketch, was born on a farm known as Stub-bens' Farm, near Otley, Yorkshire, England, and was reared to agricultural pursuits. In 1816, when sixteen years old (being the youngest son but one in the family), he came with his father to America, locating on land in Harrison County, some eighty acres in extent, where their first residence was a primitive log cabin, and here they commenced the labor of clearing a farm. In 1823 Joseph made a trip to England, and in 1826 returned to America. In 1828 Joseph Harrison was married to Miss Ellen, daughter of Christopher Hartley, of Carlton, HARRISON COUNTY - 237 England, who was a pioneer of Harrison County, having left his family in England on the occasion of his first trip to America; afterward, in 1820, he brought out his family, all settling in North Township. He died in 1864, at the age of eighty-six years, and his wife, Mary, in 1867, when aged seventy-eight; they were the parents of seven children. After marriage Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Harrison settled on the place where their son John now lives, their first dwelling being the old log cabin, and in 1835 they built the house that is now standing on the property. They were the parents of three children, viz. : John and William, both in North Township, and Joseph, who died in 1847, at the age of seven years. The mother was called from earth in 1853, at the age of forty-seven years. Joseph Harrison went back to England in 1854, but returned to North Township the same summer, and in 1857 married, for his second wife, Sarah Herron, who died in 1800, aged seventy-seven years; he departed this life April 13, 1878. Mr. and Mrs. Harrison were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in politics he was a Democrat up to the time of the anti-slavery movement, in 1846, when he became a Free-Soile•, and afterward he joined the Republicans; be was no aspirant for office, but filled acceptably the position of township trustee. John Harrison, the subject proper of this sketch, attended the common schools of the district during the winter months, working on the farm, summers. On April 22, 1852, he was married to Miss Euphemia, daughter of John and Isabella (McMillan) Patterson, who were married in 1824. and are both now deceased, the mother in 1846, and the father in 1859, his death being the result of an accident, he having been thrown from a cart. The Pattersons had come to Carroll County in the early part of tho century. Mrs.Harrison's grandmother was Robenia McKelvey, and her great-grandmother was Ann Shearer, a native of Scotland. To our subject and wife were born twelve children, of whom the following is a brief record: Joseph T. is an attorney in Cincinnati, Ohio; James M. is a farmer in the State of Washington; John P. lives at the parental home; Charles S. is a resident of Pratt County, Kas. ; William and Isabella are twins, the former living in San Bernardino, Cal., and the latter at Elm Creek, Marshall Co., Kas., married to Nelson Carter; Ellen is at home with her parents; Abraham L., born February 28, 1864, is deceased, and buried at Gunnison, Colo.; Thaddeus, Euphemia, Milton and Virginia are all yet at home. Mr. Harrison's farm of 712 acres in North Township is situated a mile and a half north of Scio, and has been, for the most part, devoted to stock-raising, at one time exclusively to the breeding of sheep, but dairying is now the leading industry, Mr. Harrison shipping large quantities of milk to Pittsburgh, Penn., and elsewhere. Within two and a half years he paid to the railroad company for freight of milk alone $975, having shipped in 1888, 12,115 gallons; in 1889, 15,170, and in 1800, 14,760. He is the largest land owner in his township, and also has property in Carroll County. After he had bought his farm the title was contested,the final result of which was that he had to pay for it a second time. Politically, Mr. Harrison has always been a Republican, and held strong antislavery sentiments. He filled the office of land appraiser, and at one time he was a member of the Grange. He introduced into his township the first mowing machine, in 1857, and had the first tile-manufacturing concern in the vicinity, which he carried on eleven years, up to 1887, supplying much of the tiling in the township. William Harrison, brother of John,was born October 29, 1837, on the home farm, where he remained till twenty one years of age. In the fall of 1860 he was married to Elizabeth, daughter of William and Ann (Wallace) Waddington, and a native of Harrison County. Her father was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1815, and in 1835 came to America; her mother was born in Pennsylvania, and came to Ohio, locating in Harrison County, where the two met and were married in February, 1839; they were residents 238 - HARRISON COUNTY. of Harrison County for a time, but subsequently settled, with their family, on a farm in Tuscarawas County, and are now deceased. They had ten children, as follows: James, in Christian County, Ill. ; Elizabeth, Mrs. William Harrison; John, William Henry and Mary Jane, all died when young; Sarah, Amos, Isaac and David Fillmore, near New Philadelphia, and Elmer, in Columbus, Ind. Mr. and Mrs. William Harrison, for two and a half years after their marriage, resided on a farm adjoining their present place, to which they removed in 1863, and most of the improvements thereon were made by them, the dwelling having been erected in 1882; the farm, situated two miles from Scio, contains 167 acres of excellent land. They have been blessed with a family of ten children, viz. : Elmer, died when one and a half years old; Mary, wife of Melvin Leggett, lives near Leesville, Carroll County; Annie is at home; Hannah died in infancy; Edgar, Laura, William, Grace, Joseph and Florence are all under the parental roof. Mr. Harrison is a Republican, and has twice served as township trustee; in his affiliations he is associated with the I. O. O. F. Mrs. Harrison is a member of the Lutheran Church. JOHN SMYLIE. The Revolutionary War was ended, America was declared the land of liberty, and she offered her protection to the oppressed of all nationalities. Those who could no longer brook the tyranny of the effete monarchies of Europe, and were animated by an independent and resolute spirit, resolved to throw off the yoke, and, bidding a sad farewell to the home of their nativity, turned their faces to the western hemisphere, and, after landing on American soil, plunged into the heart of an unexplored country, there to make a new home. Brave indeed were these hardy adventurers, who formed the vanguard of advancing civilization, and among these none were more hardy, none more patriotic than those who came from the Emerald Isle, the land of Moore, Curran and many other brilliant men. Among the immigrants from Ireland was David Smylie, one of the early settlers of Washington County, Penn. , whither he removed in the latter part of the seventeenth century. In his early manhood, before leaving his native land, he had chosen as his life partner Miss Sarah Jane Coon, who accompanied him to the land of his adoption. Here he engaged in the tailoring trade, which he followed for about ten years, and soon he removed to Westmoreland County, and thence, in 1815, to Cadiz, Harrison Co., Ohio, where the remainder of his life was spent. He occupied the residence recently owned by Rev. Grimes, deceased, on Wheeling Street. His family consisted of three sons and one daughter, all of whom are now deceased. On September 13, 1843, he died, and a few days later he was followed by his beloved wife. They were buried side by side in the Ridge Church Cemetery, Archer Township. Of the children born to David Smylie was William, born in Washington County, Penn., in 1794. He received his education in the common schools, and in early life learned the blacksmith's trade, which he followed for about thirty-five years. Soon after abandoning that place he opened a shop in Hickory village, Washington Co., Penn., where he did a flourishing business until 1825, when he removed to Ohio. Here he purchased a small farm in Archer Township, and also carried on a shop, remaining about nine years; then sold out and purchased the farm of about 180 acres, now known as the James Fisher Farm, in Archer Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. He remained on this place until 1855, in which year he removed to Washington County, Iowa, where he purchased 640 acres of land, and on which he remained until his death. In 1820 Mr. Smylie was married to Rachel, daughter of James Borland, a prominent farmer of Butler County, Penn., and fourteen children were born to them: David, James, Margaret, John, Samuel, Robert, Matthew, Hugh, Thomas, Sarah Jane, William, Joseph, Rachel, David, all now deceased except James, John, Robert, Samuel, Hugh, HARRISON COUNTY - 239 Joseph and Rachel. In February, 1858, the father died and was buried in Iowa; in March, 1875, his widow departed this life, and was laid beside him. He was a man of strong convictions and unimpeachable integrity, and was numbered among the progressive and substantial citizens of Harrison County. Of the sons born to William and Rachel (Borland) Smylie, none are more prominent in the history and progress of his county than John. Born November 9, 1826, in Archer Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, he has ever since been numbered among its representative citizens. His youth was spent at home, he having the entire charge of the home place as soon as he was old enough to do work, his two older brothers having gone to learn trades. His father carried on the trade of blacksmithing, and had but little oversight of his son, who, by his innate judgment and foresight, became one of the most successful farmers of any in his section. On May 1, 1849, he was united in marriage with his present wife, Julia A., daughter of George Cox, a resident of Archer Township, this county, and soon after his marriage Mr. Smylie purchased eighty acres of land at $20 per acre, which he purchased largely on credit, but by untiring energy and unabated zeal, united with prudence and economy, he and his wife soon had the place paid for, most of the money coming from the sale of wheat which they made into flour and sold for $2.50 per barrel. In 1857 he sold his farm at an advance, and purchased 121 acres also in Archer Township, which he kept for seven years, and then sold and purchased a large tract consisting of 205 acres. Here he remained seven years, and then removed to the place on which he now resides, which contains 159 acres of as excellent farming land as any in the county, and here he carries on general farming and raises all kinds of stock. His buildings are large, and exceedingly well adapted for the purposes for which they were erected. His house commands one of the prettiest views in eastern Archer. His family consisted of children named as follows: Mary M., W. H., George W., Jennie, John M., Samantha (born July 1, 1861, died in September, 1865), Flora, Hugh S. In politics Mr. Smylie was educated a Democrat, but is not bound to party lines, and now votes according to his convictions. He is rigorous in his denunciation of what he considers wrong and unjust. Among the various positions of trust in which the voters of his township have placed him may be mentioned that of trustee, which he held for some time. He has been director of his district for thirteen years. Mr. and Mrs. Smylie are among the most prominent members of the Presbyterian Church. Mrs. Julia A. Smylie's grandfather, Richard Cox, with his wife, came from Holland in the latter part of the seventeenth century and landed in New Jersey, where he bought a farm, but sold it a few years later and came to Ohio, and bought a farm in Jefferson County, and on part of this farm, Steubenville, the county seat, now stands. The cemetery at Steubenville now holds his remains. His son, George Cox (father of Mrs. Smylie), sold this farm to Bazaleal Wells, and in the early part of the eighteenth century bought a farm in Harrison County, about one and one-half miles west of Cadiz, at six dollars per acre. This place was all timberland, excepting a few acres around the cabin, but Mr. Cox soon had a field cleared for wheat and corn, and his sugar and molasses were obtained from the sugar trees on the place. He built a frame house, resided on the farm a few years, then sold out and bought another farm of two hundred acres in Archer Township. This place he put in charge of his eldest son for three years, while he had charge of the Harrison County Infirmary. George Cox was born in 1784, and in 1808 married Sarah Titus, who was born in 1786. To this union were born eleven children: Mary, Hiram and Rachel, born in Steubenville; Jeremiah, George, Jonathan, Sarah, Obadiah, John, Judy A. and Martin—all now dead excepting Mary, George, Judy A. and Martin. George Cox died September 12, 1849, in the sixty-fifth 240 - HARRISON COUNTY. year of his age, and his weight, just before death, was a fraction over 400 pounds. His widow lived until her ninety-first year, and her remains rest with those of her husband in Ridge Church Cemetery, Archer Township. They were members of the Presbyterian Church, she having joined that society in 1819. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Smylie, Mr. and Mrs. Titus, came from Wales to Jefferson County, and after living there a few years moved to Harrison County, where Mr. Titus kept a hotel a few miles southwest of Cadiz, and was so engaged during the War of 1812. When the war ended, forty soldiers, on their homeward way afoot, poorly clad and hungry, were cheerfully furnished with a dinner by Jonathan Titus, without charge, and went on their way rejoicing. DAVID ALLISON, for over sixty-five years a resident of Harrison County, where he is widely known and universally respected, was born in Stark County, Ohio, April 20, 1820. His father, James Allison, was a native of Ireland, and in 1805, when fifteen years of age, came to America, settling in Philadelphia, where he had relatives, and where he was living at the time of the yellow fever epidemic. James Allison served an apprenticeship of three years to the saddle and harness business, in Pittsburgh, Penn., and then moved to Cadiz, Ohio. where he married Miss Margaret, daughter of William and Margaret. Hervey. The grandmother Hervey was a native of Ireland, whence she emigrated to this country, marrying here, and taking up her residence in Virginia, where she was living at the time of the Revolutionary War. Her husband died in that State, and she then moved, soon after, to Jefferson County, Ohio, settling on land now owned by the Young family. From Cadiz, after a residence of about seven years, James Allison proceeded to Stark County, whence, after a sojourn of seven years, they came, in 1825, to Harrison County, and here purchased the farm in Green Township, which has since remained in possession of the family. They were the parents of eleven children, a record of whom is as follows: Margaret was married to John Galbraith, and is now deceased; John Rea, David, Henry and Sarah reside in Green Township, Harrison County; James died in 1859; Mary Jane is now Mrs. John Hammond, with residence in Athens County, Ohio; Joseph is deceased; Elizabeth is married to Daniel Eaton, and lives in Jefferson County, Ohio; Belle lives in Green Township; Isabella died in 1830. The mother died in 1837, and the father in 1881, in his ninety-first year; until prevented by advancing age, he worked at his trade in connection with farming. David Allison was five years of age when he was brought by his parents from Stark County to Harrison, the journey being made in a wagon. He attended the old log school-house, which stood about one mile from where Hopedale now is, and in his boyhood learned the trade of a tanner, which for forty years he carried on in the same tannery where he served his apprenticeship, portions of which are still extant. In 1854 he was married to Miss Mary, daughter of Levi Crouch, who lived in the house now owned and occupied by Mr. Allison, and which was built in 1817. Mr. Crouch was one of the pioneers of Green Township, and died in 1862, at an advanced age, his wife having preceded him to the grave. In 1865 Mrs. Allison passed from earth, leaving no children, and in 1867 Mr. Allison chose, for his second wife, Martha E., daughter of Joel Smith, who died in Harrison County when Martha was a child. Her mother is at present a resident of Stock Township, Harrison County. By this union were born three children: Henry F., attending the University of Wooster, and Willard R. and Howard Smith, both at home. Politically Mr. Allison was originally a Whig, casting his first presidential vote for Henry Clay, and was among the number who, in the fall of 1844, raised a " liberty pole," 120 feet high, in the village of Greene, now Hopedale; on the formation of the Republican party he united with them, and has HARRISON COUNTY - 241 never missed an election. In 1840, when under age, he participated in the Harrison procession, which was two miles in length, and was present at the political barbecue held on the premises of the father of John C. Jamison. For twelve years (from 1860 to 1872) he served as justice of the peace, and has been a notary public ever since; has been township trustee many years, and is at present serving in that position. Mr. Allison's farm of 220 acres adjoins the corporation of Hopedale, and here he is engaged principally in sheep-raising. On this farm there is abundance of coal to be found, which has been mined for twenty-four years. The Rev. John Rea, of Philadelphia, was a brother of our subject's grandmother, whose maiden name was Rea. This reverend gentleman was licensed to preach in June, 1803, and his first sermon was preached the following August, in Welch's horse-mill, on the land owned by the late A. S. Simpson, Green Township, Harrison County. In the fall he returned to his family in Pennsylvania, but in 1804 was sent back to Harrison County, by the Ohio Presbytery, and, the church of Beech Springs being then organized, he preached therein continuously until 1848. R. F. CRAWFORD, a well-known, progressive agriculturist of Archer Township, Harrison County, is a native of Tuscarawas County, Ohio, having been born near Sherodsville, February 5, 1845, being the seventh in the family of Thomas and Eleanor (Guinea) Crawford. He was reared much in the manner of most farm boys, assisting and making his home with his parents until about twenty-three years of age, his educational training being confined to the schools of the neighborhood, which forty or fifty years ago were of a very primitive nature. On October 26, 1869, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary H. McFadden, daughter of Nathaniel and Eliza (Green) McFadden, of whom mention is made elsewhere in this volume. This union has been blessed with three sons, viz. : one born April 1, 1871, died in infancy, unnamed; Thomas N., born June 1, 1874, and Lloyd F., born July 8, 1880. For three years after his marriage, Mr. Crawford operated his father's farm in Harrison County, and then removed into the town of Cadiz, same county, where for six months he was the genial landlord of the hotel then known as the Cadiz House, now as the Arcade Hotel. Our subject then permanently located on his present farm in Archer Township, comprising 108 acres of prime land, all under cultivation and situated two and a half miles north of Cadiz. Mr. and Mrs. Crawford are both members of the Presbyterian Church at Cadiz; in politics, he is, as was his father, a stanch and active Democrat. NATHANIEL McFADDEN. The hand of Death has been laid on most of the early residents of Archer Township, Harrison County, and few are now left to tell the story of their pioneer hardships. Of the survivors none is more widely or favorably known than the subject of these few lines. Born in October, 1811, in what is now Cadiz Township, Harrison County, he has ever since made his home in Harrison County. His father, Samuel, was a native of Ireland, where he prepared himself for the practice of medicine, in which he achieved great success. In 1779, in company with a few others, he came to America, landing at Philadelphia. Remaining there but a short time, he came to Middletown, Penn., where he began the practice of his profession. He was an active politician, and held various offices in his county, serving as sheriff for the full time allowed by law. His remains, together with those of his wife, rest in the cemetery at Cadiz. Dr. McFadden came to Harrison County among the earliest, and practiced his profession until his death. Before leaving his native country he had been married to Nancy Logan, who, with their four children, accompanied him to America. One child, Sarah, died while on the voyage, and 242 - HARRISON COUNTY. was buried at sea. The other children of the family were as follows: Margaret, Mary, Thomas, Benjamin, William, Elizabeth, Sarah, Samuel, Jane, Nathaniel and Nancy, all deceased except the subject of this sketch. Nathaniel McFadden's early life was spent in farming. While yet a young man he was married to Eliza Green, daughter of John and Mary Green, natives of Pennsylvania, and members of the Society of Friends. Our subject and wife settled on a farm in Cadiz Township, and reared the following named children: Samuel (deceased), John (in Archer Township), William (in Kansas), Hezekiah (deceased), George (in Archer Township), Mary (Mrs. Robert F. Crawford), Henry (in Kansas), Nancy J. (dead), and Elizabeth (dead). Mr. McFadden has been a life-long Democrat, and still takes a deep interest in politics. His family were members of the United Presbyterian Church at Cadiz. Mr. McFadden justly enjoys the respect and esteem of a large circle of friends. JOHN M. GREENLEES, a prominent and representative business man of Franklin, Harrison County, is a native of the county and is a son of William Greenlees, who was born near Belfast, Ireland, in 1801. When but twelve years of age William Greenlees came to America and located at Pittsburgh, Penn., where he worked in a foundry. About 1836 he married Miss Elizabeth McBeth, who was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., in 1815, and who was of Irish descent. The young couple resided in Pittsburgh until five children had been born to them, one of whom died in infancy. About 1845 they came to Harrison County, Ohio, Mr. Greenlees having purchased a tract of land in Monroe Township, the previous year, from a Mr. Anderson, the deed to whom was signed by President Andrew Jackson. Here their family of children was increased to eleven in number, of whom all save William grew to maturity, viz. : Joseph E., Edward, Mary A., Elizabeth J., John M., David, William, James, Nancy M., Andrew and Martha B. Seven of these qualified for teaching school. Joseph E. Greenlees worked at clearing on the farm while a boy, then, when a man, he and Edward went to Illinois where they both taught school. Returning home in the early part of the war, Joseph enlisted and served three years in the One Hundred and Twenty-sixth O. V. I. He was criticized in camp for his observance of his Christian duties, and for organizing a prayer meeting. After recovering somewhat from a wound received in the battle of the Wilderness, he was appointed chief clerk in the hospital at Frederick, Md., where he changed from the study of theology to that of medicine, and while at the Eclectic Medical College in Cincinnati, to attend lectures in the fall of 1866, took cholera and died the third day after leaving home. Edward Greenlees taught school for some years, then married Catharine Hamill, and engaged in carpenter work and stair building; he took delight in the study of mechanics, and has worked on fine buildings in Kansas City, Collinwood, Cleveland and Pittsburgh. Mary A. died in 1863, aged twenty-one years, following her father dub :inks of the United Presbyterian Church on earth to the fold of the redeemed on high. Jennie E. is widow of Alvin V. Galbraith, late pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Holliday's Cove, West Va., where he died while in charge, his remains being interred at West Union, Ohio. Elisabeth J. (or Jennie) taught school when a girl, joined the United Presbyterian Church while young, and married Mr. Galbraith before he entered the ministry. She joined the Methodist Episcopal Church with him, and has been a faithful worker for the Master ever since. She raised three daughters, the eldest of whom, Minnie, joined the church at ten years of age, and after thirteen years' faithful service for the Master died, after stating that she was ready and anxious to depart and go to her Father. John M., the subject of this sketch, is the next in order of birth. David, the next born, en- HARRISON COUNTY - 243 listed in the One Hundred and Seventieth Regiment, Ohio Infantry, in 1864, served his term of one hundred days; but as he was but fifteen years old the exposure and marching brought on disease and he died in twelve days after his return home. In 1865 William died from bleeding at the nose, his sickness lasting but a week or ten days. Thus the widowed mother was called npon to part with four of her children in four years. The next child of the family, James, is a carpenter and builder at Uhrichsville, Ohio; Nancy M. and Martha B. are with their mother in Tennessee. Andrew is noted for his manliness, and at an early age united with the Plum Run Methodist Episcopal Church, of which he was soon made a class-leader and superintendent of the Sunday-school. In December, 1858, Mr. Greenlees, the father, departed this life, after having his children all promise to meet him in heaven. He was so strict that they had to black their shoes on Saturday for use on the Sabbath day, and as a result of this early training all the children joined church as they grew up. John M. Greenlees was born in a log cabin in Monroe Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, June 14, 1846. Each winter he passed a few months at the old log school-house, wore homespun clothes, and for want of shoes in the frosty fall months ran to school to keep his feet from freezing. At the early age of fourteen years the management of the home farm fell upon him, but he conducted it in a manner that would have done credit to an experienced man. During the dark days of the Rebellion he watched the struggle with anxious eye. He was patriotic to the core, and his youthful years alone prevented his enlisting at the outbreak. When seventeen years of age, however, he put aside the plow, and in February, 1864, enlisted in Company I, Eleventh Ohio Cavalry. He was mustered in at Camp Chase and assigned to service in the Rocky Mountains, under Gen. Cook, and for two years and five months participated in contests with the Indians. May 28, 1865, his company was attacked by an over whelming force of the redskins, who drove off all the mules and horses, and left the little band sixty-five miles from Fort Laramie without rations or transportation. One horse, however, picketed in the woods, was missed by the Indians, and on this a messenger was sent to the fort, and finally reinforcements came to their assistance. July 4, 1865, he was one of a party of eight who ascended to the top of Laramie Peak, an elevation of 11,000 feet, where they remained several hours and enjoyed a game of snow-ball. Near Fort Kearney, Mr. Greenlees for six weeks was laid up with the small-pox, and once, while lying on the wet banks of the Platte River, was attacked with asthma, from which he has never recovered. In July, 1866, he was honorably discharged from the service and returned home, where he attended school the following winter, and the following year attended New Hagerstown Academy. In the fall he received a certificate as a teacher, and for twelve years followed the profession. About 1870 Mr. Greenlees began reading law, and in 1871 he entered the Ohio State and Union Law College at Cleveland, from which he graduated in 1872, and was admitted to practice in the United States Circuit Court at Cleveland, and in August, of the same year, he was admitted to practice in the courts of Ohio at. Carrollton. He continued to practice and teach school until his health failed him, when in August, 1879, he went into business with Frank Courtright, whom be later bought out, and continued in business on his sole account until 1885, when he broke down. In 1873 Mr. Greenlees married Miss Mary J. Czatt, daughter of John Czatt, a representative and well-to-do farmer of Harrison County. From this union sprang Alvin, William Ellis and Bertha Edith. Mr. Greenlees and wife are members of the Methodist Protestant Church, and his walk through life shows the sincerity of his faith. In politics he was once a Republican, and under the auspices of that party held various official positions, but afterward, without giving up altogether the doctrines of the 244 - HARRISON COUNTY. Republicans, affiliated himself with the Prohibitionists, and was by this party nominated as their candidate for prosecuting attorney in 1888 and 1890. Under the Republicans he had served for five years as township clerk, and six years as justice of the peace; at present be is notary public. The first-born son of Mr. Greenlees, Alvin, died in his fifth year. William Ellis Greenlees, the only grandson, is twelve years old, a member of the Methodist Protestant Church at Franklin with his parents, correct in his habits, of good disposition, and well advanced in his studies for his age, and it is to be hoped that he will perpetuate the memory of a family, who though not rich in this world's goods, took great pride in holding up the social and moral status of their community. WILLIAM H. SCOTT, one of the honored and prominent old settlers of New Market (now Scio), in North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, was born at Pigeon Creek, in Washington County, Penn., January 15, 1814, a son of Alexander and Gertrude (Ken.) Scott, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of Pigeon Creek, in Washington County, Pennsylvania. William Scott, the grandfather of William H. Scott, was also a native of Ireland, and was married in that country to Rebecca (maiden name not known), and emigrated to this country at a very early day to try his fortune in the New World, and enjoy the principles of free institutions and freedom in all its varieties. He finally settled permanently near Pigeon Creek, in Washington County, Penn., where be engaged in the important duty of procuring for himself and family a comfortable home. He was a man, of ability and energy, and of considerable influence among his fellow-men, and succeeded well in life. He filled some important positions in his township and in the Presbyterian Church, of which he and his wife were honored members for many years; and after having reared his family, and endured the hardships and privations incident to the early settlers, he and his wife died at their old homestead in Washington County, Penn., at greatly advanced ages, having the respect and esteem of all who had known them. Samuel Kerr, also the grandfather of William H. Scott, was married to Rhoda Byshire, and was one of the early pioneer settlers of the Keystone State, having permanently settled at what was then known as Pigeon Creek, in Washington County. Here they lived long and useful lives, and underwent many hardships and privations to establish a home, where they enjoyed the confidence, esteem and respect of all their neighbors. Here, surrounded with a comfortable home and pleasant family, having both lived to a ripe old age, they passed onward to the realms of happiness that await an honest Christian man and woman, in the land where the just and virtuous meet their sure reward. They were both members of the Presbyterian Church for a long number of years. Alexander Scott, father of our subject, came to America with his parents in his boyhood, and when a young man was sent to Kingston, Jamaica, in the West Indies, to look after a certain estate. He had a brother named Joseph, and a relative named Joseph Orr, who lived at or near the city of Kingston, in Jamaica, where he died, leaving an estate which consisted of a large plantation and other property, and who by the terms of his will left to each of his relations named " Joseph " a portion of his estate. Alexander Scott was sent (as above stated) to investigate the matter and look after the interest of his brother Joseph, who was one of the legatees by the will of Joseph Orr (deceased), and he found that the report was correct. After considerable litigation and trouble, and passing through all the dangers incident to such a voyage on the seas, as well as enduring many hardships and privations during his voyage, he by his energy and ability succeeded in securing the interest of his brother in his relative's estate, thus securing a HARRISON COUNTY - 247 financial start in life for himself and brother Joseph. After an absence from home of six years in Jamaica, we find from the Royal Register and Jamaica Almanac for the year 1811, bound in leather and containing 230 pages, and printed by Alex Aikman, Jr., in Kingston, Jamaica, two volumes, one of 1810, and one of 1811 are now in the possession of his son William H.] in which he kept a memorandum of his voyage on his return from Jamaica, that he sailed for home from Morant Bay, Jamaica, on Monday, June 10, 1811, at 6 o'clock P. M. with a cargo of sugar, coffee, Jamaica spirits and wine, via Cape S. Antonio, west end of Cuba, and the Cox-Combs, and on Sunday, the 23d day of June,1811, cast anchor, before night, in the Bay of Matanzas, Isle of Cuba, where he remained until Tuesday, July 2, then sailed at daylight, via Cape Florida and Nantucket Shoals, and on Tuesday, the 16th, in the evening made the Vineyard Island and cast anchor in four fathoms of water, and on Wednesday the 17th, sailed for Boston, where he arrived on the 25th, following. Here he remained until the 19th day of August, when he took the stage for Providence, and then packet for New York on the 21st, arriving in that city on the 24th, paying ten dollars for his passage. Thence he proceeded, on the 26th, by stage to Philadelphia, Penn., and on the 8th day of September he left Philadelphia and proceeded to his home, arriving at his father's house in Washington County, Penn., on the 16th day of September, 1811, after an absence from home of nearly seven years, amongst entire strangers. From his memoranda we see that during the greater part of his voyage it was very hazardous and dangerous, having several severe storms, and nearly all the time heavy weather, fog and high winds. On several occasions they nearly lost the vessel and his entire cargo, a portion of which he disposed of by way of trade with the Spaniards at their various ports where he landed for the purpose of trading with them. Five thousand dollars worth of the same he sold to a Boston merchant on sixty days' sight, which he lost by reason of 14 the failure of the merchant; the balance of his cargo he sold to Philadelphia merchants. After returning to his home in Washington County, Penn., he did not long remain inactive, but soon engaged in active life again, and opened out a general store; also operated a grist and carding mill, and for a number of years kept a hotel and owned and kept a six-horse team and driver on the road constantly, for a number of years, between his home and the city of Philadelphia, which conveyed his produce and trade to the city and returned loaded with merchandise for his store. Having purchased what was then known as the Hazelett Farm, containing two hundred and thirty-five acres, he erected on same the homestead, a grist and carding mill, which was operated by horsepower, and a blacksmith shop, all of which he operated and controlled for a long number of years, employing several hands and workmen, renting the hotel in the meantime to a Mr. Keyhole. He also purchased and owned two other farms, containing about three hundred and fifty acres, near his homestead farm; and at the same time owned a large dwelling-house in Washington, Penn., a brick hotel in Hillsborough, Penn., and a stone hotel in Brownsville, Fayette Co., Penn., which he traded to Dr. Sweltzer for one thousand acres of land in Lower Sandusky, Ohio. In connection with his brother, Thomas, he also owned a farm and mill at Williamsport, Penn., where they were engaged in manufacturing flour, which they shipped to New Orleans by boat and sold, Alexander having made several trips with flour to New Orleans. He organized a company for the purpose of building a pike, and was elected president of the same, and he built what was then known as the Washington and Williamsport Pike in Pennsylvania, and this position he held for a long number of years, and until his removal from the Keystone State. After his marriage he was compelled, by reason of litigation in regard to the estate of his deceased relative, Orr, to return to the city of Kingston, in Jamaica, where he remained for over two years, leaving his family and busi- 248 - HARRISON COUNTY. ness in charge of his brother Joseph. Returning, he landed some time in the winter in Philadelphia, where he purchased a horse and sleigh and drove to his home and family in Washington County, Penn., where he continued to reside for a number of years. Finally he sold out everything he owned in Washington County and removed with his famity to near Zoar, in Tuscarawas Co., Ohio, where he purchased a large tract of land and engaged in farming and dealing in stock. Here he built and owned a large grist and saw mill at what is now known as Valley Junction, and owned a large warehouse at Bolivar, which was destroyed by fire, and a brick tavern in New Philadelphia. In 1813 Alexander Scott was married in Washington County, Penn., to Miss Gertrude, daughter of Samuel and Rhoda Kerr, who died in the Keystone State, and to this union were born the following named children: William H., the subject proper of this sketch; Samuel, in Uhrichsville, Ohio; Robert, who died in Uhrichsville; Albert, now living near New Cumberland, in Tuscarawas Co., Ohio; Lewis L., in Waynesburgh, Stark Co., Ohio; Eliza, wife of Joseph Meek, of Washington, Iowa; Maria, deceased wife of the Rev. Moses M. Bartholomew, of Goshen, Ind. ; Sarah, deceased wife of John Ralston, of Spencer, Owen Co., Ind. ; Caroline, wife of Dr. John C. McGregor, M. D., in Brazil, Clay Co., Ind., and Margaret, wife of Samuel G. Smith, Esq., of Uhrichsville, Tuscarawas Co., Ohio. The father received his education in the ordinary old log school-house of those days in the Keystone State, and was a self-made man, one of more than ordinary ability--energetic and active all through life; a good financier, and a man of sound judgment, of great physical strength, and of considerable influence among his fellow-men. He was an active, honest and useful citizen, and his integrity was never questioned; his fairness was perfect and his active influence all through life was for good. He filled many important positions in life, and was a Whig in politics. Strict in his business affairs, he was most charitable and liberal toward others, and in his home he was hospitable and generous, loving the society of his friends; he was a good husband and kind father, was successful in his business, and left quite a large estate. He was a member of the Presbyterian Church from his boyhood, and had an abiding faith in the truth of the Christian religion, and his life was in accordance therewith. He died at his home near New Cumberland, in Tuscawaras Co., Ohio, November 2, 1853, aged nearly seventy-eight years, loved and respected by those who knew him. The mother, who was also a lifelong member of the Presbyterian Church, a noble and Christian woman, was called from earth April 5, 1868, when aged seventy-eight years. William H. Scott in his boyhood alternated according to the seasons between the farm and school, facing in summer the bright sunshine of heaven, and in winter the austere visage of the "dominie." He also worked in his father's wool carding-mill, which was operated by horsepower, and also worked about the store and hotel from time to time, and also taught school several winters in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, when a young man. Thus for the most part actively employed he remained at home until twenty-six years of age, 1840, when, his father having purchased for him a grist-mill in New Market (now Scio) Harrison Co., Ohio, he proceeded thither in order to take charge of it. In 1854 he retired from the milling business, having traded his mill for a farm in Tuscarawas County, situated four miles from New Philadelphia, and then he engaged in mercantile business at New Market (now Scio), where be kept a general store and a good assortment of all kinds of goods for a number of years. He then moved to his present place in North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and in 1876 built the house in which he now resides, situated about one-half mile from Scio. He lived for a time on a farm where his son, James, now is, having bought the same in 1861. His farm where he is calmly resting from his labors, once contained 300 acres, but he has HARRISON COUNTY - 249 disposed of 171, so that only 129 acres are now left. In 1842 Mr. Scott was married to Miss Jane, daughter of James and Arabell Whittaker, and by this union were born the following named children: Alexander, an attorney at law in Scio, Harrison Co., Ohio; James, a farmer in North Township; Maria, Christian and Thomas W. (twins) and William H., all deceased; Mary Arabell, at home, and Caroline G., wife of Phillip C. Spiker, in Tippecanoe, Harrison Co., Ohio. The mother of these children died December 18, 1866, aged forty-eight years seven months and twelve days, leaving a large circle of friends and acquaintances to mourn her, and December 10, 1868, Mr. Scott was married to Mrs. Sarah J. Elder, daughter of Aaron Kerr, of Washington County, Penn., and who died in Carroll County, Ohio. Alexander Scott, Esq., son of William H. Scott, was married to Miss Maggie A. Calhoon, and they have three children named as follows:, Jennie, Ina Gertrude and Annie. Politically Mr. Scott was originally a Whig, his first presidential vote being cast for W. H. Harrison, and afterward, on the formation of the party, he became an ardent Republican, and he never sought office, but has held various positions of trust in his township, and has succeeded well in life, having accumulated considerable wealth; and now at the advanced age of seventy-seven years, surrounded by all the comforts of life, nature is blessing him with extremely good health, and the respect and esteem of all who know him; and thus he is permitted to enjoy the fruits of a well-spent and useful life, which has been one of energy, activity, industry and honesty, and he is a man of considerable influence among his neighbors. Mrs. Sarah J. Scott, present wife of W. H. Scott, was born in Washington County, Penn., May 24, 1827, and was married December 10, 1868. She is a daughter of Aaron Kerr, who married Margaret Nevin, daughter of John Nevin, a native of Ireland, who came to America when a boy. John Nevin was a member of a noble family, inherited a large amount of money, and at the proper age bought a farm in Beaver County, Penn., which farm now holds within its boundaries some of the most valuable oil wells in the State. He died on this place, a member of the Associate Reformed Church, and in politics a Whig. Aaron Kerr was born in Washington County, Penn., and was a relative of Rev. Aaron Kerr, of Scotland—the one who assisted in constructing the Westminster Confession of Faith. The uncle of Aaron, the younger Aaron Kerr, was a member of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, and served two terms. In 1831 Aaron, the younger, came to Carroll County, Ohio, and bought a farm, on which he died September 28, 1856. He had served as township treasurer for a term or two, was a ruling elder in the Presbyterian Church, and in politics was a Democrat. He was the father of nine children, born in the following order: Samuel Lewis, John Jackson, Sarah Jane, Joseph Alexander, Margaret Ann, Aaron Wylie, George Nevin, Robert Hervey and James McMillen. Of these, Samuel L. is a successful physician of El Paso, Ill. ; he is a Freemason, a Democrat, and a member of the Presbyterian Church. John J. is married to Cornelia E. Hutchinson; he kept a dry-goods store in Washington, Iowa, for eight years, and thence moved to Wintersett, Iowa, and there kept a hardware store until his death, which occurred June 2, 1879. Joseph A. is a banker, living in Salem, Ohio, and is married to Carrie E. Grizzell. Margaret A., who died in 1869, was married to Uriah Coulson, an attorney at law, who served as captain in the Civil War. Aaron W. was married and went to Dallas, Tex., where he died of painter's colic. George N., at the close of the Civil War, was appointed paymaster,and sent to New Mexico; he lived in Cottonwood Falls, Kas., until his death, November 14, 1890. Robert H. married Alice Miller, and is now farming in Jefferson County, Ohio. James McM. at the age of seventeen was one of the first brave volunteers from Carroll County to enter into the Civil War, joining the Ninety-eighth Regiment 0. V. I. He took part in the battles