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HARRISON COUNTY - 303 union was blessed with one child. On March 24, 1886, the aged pioneer passed quietly and suddenly over the mystic river, being seventy-seven years and five months old. JOHN E. McPECK, his son, remained with his parents until he was twenty-one years of age, attending in his boyhood the common schools of his native county, and afterward the academy at New Hagerstown, which was supplemented by a course of instruction at Richmond College, Jefferson County, Ohio. By working on the farm, summers, at times teaching school, winters, and by other occasional employments, he earned enough to pay his own expenses at school; and so by industry in his youth he laid the foundation of a future successful life. On September 8, 1858, Mr. McPeck was married to Mary, daughter of Rev. Lewis H. Davidson, a resident of Washington Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and to this union were born five children, viz. : Jane, born July 21, 1859; Mattie, born February 11, 1861 (both at home); Elmer E., born February 10, 1863 (this child was not seen by his father until he was six months old); James (now deceased), born November 2, 1865, and Lewis, born November 29, 1868 (at present attending New Athens College). Of these, Elmer E. supplemented his common-school education with a thorough course at Hopedale Normal School; then engaged in teaching, after which he studied medicine at Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, graduating therefrom in March, 1889. He is now successfully practicing his chosen profession at Bowerston, Harrison County. After marriage Mr. and Mrs. John E. Mc-Peck remained in Washington Township until the following spring; when they purchased a small place near Jewett, same county, where, for a time, he taught the village school and carried .on farming. In the hour of his country's peril, when the call for volunteers was urgent, he left his wife, two children and partly ungathered crops, and enrolled himself among other heroes in the defense of the Union. On August 11, 1862, he joined, as first lieutenant, Company C, One Hundred and Twenty-sixth 17 0. V. I., which regiment was ordered to Virginia, where it was soon after assigned to the Third Corps, and afterward to the Sixth Corps, Army of the Potomac. Mr. McPeck was present at the battle of the Wilderness, and here, his captain being killed, he was promoted to the command of his company. Besides several skirmishes with the rebels, he also participated in the battles of Spottsylvania Court House and Cold Harbor, the siege of Petersburg, Va., and he was with Ricketts' division of the Sixth Corps that was ordered to Harper's Ferry to " head off " Gen. Early, who was advancing northward with a large rebel force to invade Maryland and threaten the cities of Baltimore and Washington; and in the battle of Monocacy, in Maryland, when the Union forces were exerting every effort to save the National capital from ashes on July 9, 1864, Capt. McPeck fell into the hands of the enemy, severely wounded in left leg. It was thought at the time by his comrades that he was mortally wounded, and it was so published in the county papers at home. The chaplain and lieutenant-colonel of the regiment each wrote a letter of sympathy and condolence to his bereaved wife (as they thought), stating that he was mortally wounded and in the hands of the enemy. He was robbed of his sword and belt, watch, silk handkerchief, and a needy and brazen-faced rebel even took the boots on his feet. He was conveyed by the enemy to the United States Hospital at Frederick (three miles from the battle-field), where he was recaptured the next day. Here he remained two months when he received a "leave of absence " to come home. On November 18, following, he reported in person to the officers' hospital at Annapolis, where, after careful examination, he was adjudged disqualified from further service through disability occasioned, by his wound. Accordingly he was honorably discharged December 12, 1864; then went to Washington and settled his accounts with the Government, after which, about Christmas time, he returned home, where he was welcomed by wife, friends and neighbors. Mr. McPeck was 304 - HARRISON COUNTY. incapacitated for any manual labor, but the citizens of the county, in recognition of his gallant services and his honorable wound, and as an expression of their respect for him as a man, unanimously elected him to the office of sheriff of his county. His first term he so satisfactorily filled that his constituents re-elected him to a second, and no doubt he would have served a third term did the law not forbid the holding of that office for more than two terms. After retirement from office Mr. McPeck visited many of the western States (his trip extending through Illinois, Missouri and Kansas), prospecting for some suitable place where to locate, but failing to find any better than his native county, he returned home and immediately purchased the farm on which he still resides in Archer Township. He is a member of the G. A. R. at Cadiz, Ohio, and he and wife are members of the Ridge Presbyterian Church. Mr. McPeck has made all he owns by his own individual efforts, and his prosperity and the esteem in which he is held are due to his honesty, integrity and industry. DECKER FAMILY. Joseph Decker, the grandfather of the Deckers now resident in Harrison County, was born January 25, 1779, in Maryland. He married Miss Kate Hartman, in Washington, Penn., where he carried on farming until 1815, when, with his family, he came to Ohio and settled in Guernsey County, purchasing a farm in the wilderness. The journey was made in a wagon, which served as a dwelling place, both on the road as well as while their cabin was being erected. The family consisted of John, Lewis, Henry, Sarah Ann, Kate, Mary, Delilah and Elizabeth. In his politics Joseph Decker was a Democrat, and he took a prominent part in the organization of his newly adopted county. Here, after a long and useful life, he and his helpmeet passed away. The first two years of the life of John Decker, son of Joseph, were spent in Washington, Penn., where he was born April 29, 1813. He was educated at the early rate schools of Ohio, which at that time were quite common, and in his early manhood he married Ruenna Shipley (who was born September 17, 1814), his married life commencing and ending on a farm, which he purchased immediately after marriage, and which ,comprised eighty acres of entirely wild land, on which he erected a cabin. His children, of whom the following is a brief record, were all natives of Guernsey County, Ohio: Eliza J., born September 26, 1834, was married, February 28, 1854, to William Hide; Joseph, born December 7, 1836, was married, October 14, 1858, to Rachel Shynock; Hily Ann, born August 2, 1839, was married January 29, 1859, to George M. Harding; Sarah C., born December 22, 1841, was married, November 5, 1863, to Bazil Harding; Ruenna J., born March 28, 1844, was married November 17, 1866, to William Steffey; John H., born February 20, 1847 (special mention of him is made farther on); Mary M., born July 29, 1850, was married September 13, 1866, to Lorenzo Steffey; Louis W., born October 20, 1852, and Delilah, born February 1, 1855. Mrs. John Decker died March 21, 1855, and August 15, same year, John Decker married Anna Grey, who bore him two children, Henry and Stephen. On April 15, 1885, John Decker passed away, mourned by a large concourse of friends and relatives. JOHN H. DECKER, a well-known and progressive farmer, of Freeport Township, Harrison County, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, February 20, 1847 (as already stated in part), and is a son of John and Ruenna (Shipley) Decker. Owing to the advanced age of his father, he early in life took upon himself the management of the home farm, and February 28, 1867, he was married to Mary E., daughter of John R. Robison. In Guernsey County he remained three years, and then moved to Harrison County, purchasing his present place of residence. To his first purchase he has added others, until at present his farm consists of 100 acres of land, in a good state of cultivation. This he accomplished with HARRISON COUNTY - 305 the aid of his family, as he commenced life with comparatively no financial assistance. He is a good manager, always progressive in his views, and is engaged in general farming and stock-raising, at both of which he has attained success. Mr. Decker is widely read, and politically he advocates the principles advanced by the Democratic party, in whose ranks he was a sturdy and zealous worker. On December 1, 1882, Mrs. Decker died, leaving the following family: William, Flora J., Lewis A., Henry W., Sophronia A., John 0., Calvin I., and Alvin C. On November 26, 1884, Mr. Decker was married to Mrs. McCave, daughter of Henry K. Martin, who was born in 1811, in Culpeper County, Va., where the family had long been residents, but were of Irish extraction; he was a slave-holder while he lived in Virginia, and when he came to Ohio he followed milling; he died July 14, 1855. Charles R. Martin, father of Henry K., was married in Virginia to Mary Fish back, and reared the following named children: William, Mary Ann, Catherine, Delilah, Henry K. and Thomas. Here he and his wife lived and died. Henry K. Martin came to Ohio in 1820, and settled in Tuscarawas County, where for many years he was one of the leading citizens. He was married to Mary Jane Simmes, who bore him the following named children : Frances, Charles R., Delilah C., William H., Mary L. and Elmira J. In 1850 Mrs. Martin died, and Mr. Martin married Ann Tucker, and the children by this union were Diana, Leander, Louisa, Rebecca and Thomas J. In June, 1867, Mr. Martin died, and was buried by the side of the companion of his youth. The family were Democratic, and were prominent in the councils of the party. Delilah C. Martin was born in 1840, and was married October 2, 1866, to Levi McCave, of Tuscarawas County, Ohio, and their children were named Clara Viola (married in 1881 to William Lewis Rowland), Sarah E., James A., Jane A., Benjamin, Jeanette B., Tena M., Frederick and Ella. On December 23, 1879, Mr. McCave died, and November 26, 1884, Mrs. McCave was married to John H. Decker, as stated above. Mr. and Mrs. Decker have no issue. They are highly esteemed and respected, and rank among the intelligent and progressive families in this section. The name of the great-grandmother of Mrs. John H. Decker was Martin, her maiden name was Kidwell. ROBERT W. SCOTT, a respected young farmer of Moorefield Township, Harrison County, is a son of Thomas and Sarah (Hogg) Scott, natives of County Down, Ireland, the former of whom was born in 1793 and the latter in 1802. In their youth they made a profession of religion under the exhortation of Dr. Cook (professor of theology in Belfast), and united with the Presbyterian Church. In 1822 they immigrated to the United States and came to Harrison County, Ohio, where they purchased a farm in Athens Township. Thomas Scott departed this life January 16, 1875, and his wife followed him August 26 of the same year. Robert W. Scott was born in Athens Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, December 28, 1846. When a small boy he came, with his parents, to Moorefield Township, where his father purchased the farm our subject now owns, and which contains 194 acres, on Section 30. Our subject, since his father's death, has purchased what is known as the old Crawford Farm, which contains eighty acres, located on Section 25. On May 17, 1877, Mr. Scott married Miss Mary A. Wallace, who was born February 23, 1849, a daughter of Nathaniel and Julia (Fulton) Wallace. Nathaniel Wallace died March 25, 1855, and his widow then married William Pickering, of Moorefield Township. Robert W. Scott and wife are the parents of two children named Floyd C., born June 26, 1879, and Pearl L. M., born July 6, 1883. Mr. and Mrs. Scott are active members of the Nottingham Presbyterian Church, of which church Mrs. Scott served twelve years as organist. Politically, Mr. Scott is Democratic. 306 - HARRISON COUNTY. JOHN ALVIN CRAIG was born on the farm where he now resides, in Green Township, Harrison County, and his ancestral line will be found in the sketch of his uncle, Walter Craig. Johnson Craig, his father, was born in Green Township, December 19, 1803, and died in 1888. Johnson Craig was twenty-two years of age when his father died, and, being the eldest son at home, at once took charge of the farm. In 1834 he married Miss Martha Thompson, daughter of Samuel Thompson, of Green Township. They built a house on a part of the old home farm, moved therein in 1837, and here they reared their family, and from its doors they were carried to their long, last sleep. This original farm, the patent for which was signed by President Thomas Jefferson, is yet in the family possession, and comprises 345 acres.. Throughout his life Johnson Craig was a farmer, and in the early days held a major's commission in the militia, being known during his later years far and near as Maj. Craig. His widow survived until July 16, 1890, when, after a long period of almost total helplessness, she closed her eyes to earth at the age of eighty years. She was the mother of the following named children: John, who died at one year of age; Thompson, now in Nebraska; Rachel A., wife of George W. Brown, formerly of Harrison County, but now of Nebraska; Eliza J., wife of M. K. Turner, also in Nebraska; William S., of the same State, and John A., our subject. John A. Craig was born May 16, 1852. On October 20, 1881, he married Miss Lizzie J. Mills, daughter of James and Nancy (Davis) Mills, of Jefferson County, Ohio. James Mills was born on the farm where he now resides; his parents emigrated from Scotland to Pennsylvania, where they resided a while before removing to Ohio. The father of Mrs. Nancy (Davis) Mills was English; her mother Irish. To the union of our subject and wife have been born the following named children: Cora M., Ada Myrtle and May R. Politically, Alvin Craig (as he is known) is an Independent, and he and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church of Cadiz. Socially, Mr. and Mrs. Craig stand in the front rank of their community. JOSEPH WALKER, an old-time farmer of Stock Township, Harrison County, was born June 24, 1836, on the farm where he now resides, a son of William Walker, who is a son of Joseph Walker, a native of County Derry Ireland, born in 1757. In Ireland, the grandfather of our subject married Miss Constancia Stewart, who was born in 1755. In 1813 Joseph and his wife came to the United. States and landed in New York City, where they remained a short time, when they went to Greensburg, Penn. , and there resided until 1822, in which year they came to Ohio, and settled in Stock Township, near Laceyville, Harrison County. About 1829 Mr. Walker purchased the farm now owned by our subject, which contains 180 acres, on Section 32, Stock Township, and here the grandparents remained until their death, Mr. Walker dying in 1842 and his wife in 1846. They were parents of six children, viz.:. John, James, George, William, Mary and Elizabeth. William Walker was born August 20, 1806, grew to manhood in Ohio, and received his education at the common schools. The old log-cabin school-house which he attended was lo cated near Laceyville, but he went to school only about six weeks during his life, being obliged to help support the family. The privilege of these six weeks, however, was granted him because he had a broken arm, and was unable to work. On June 10, 1834, Mr. Walker married Miss Jane McKinney, who was born July 14, 1802, in Washington County, Penn., a daughter of George and Mary McKinney. To this union were born two children, viz.: Joseph, our subject, and Mary Anderson, now in Auglaize County, Ohio. William Walker resided on this farm until his death, which occurred April 27,, 1886; his wife died July 5, 1878. Politically he was a Democrat, and held several of the town- HARRISON COUNTY - 307 ship offices. In the performance of other public duties he marked out and drove the stakes for the State road that runs through Stock Township. Both he and his wife were members of the Seceder Church till 1858, when they joined the United Presbyterian. Joseph Walker, whose name opens this sketch, grew to manhood on the farm which he now owns, and received his education in Stock Township. On February 12, 1863, he married Miss Agnes Gibson, who was born January 4, 1843, a daughter of James B. and Lillian (Maxwell) Gibson, natives of Pennsylvania. To this union have been born two children, viz.: William, born December 9, 1863, and James, born October 7, 1875. Of these William married Miss Annie Campbell, and is blessed with one child, Joseph, born November 22, 1886. Politically Mr. Walker is Democratic, and has held various township offices. ADAM McCONNELL, a life-long resident and well-known farmer of Athens Township, Harrison County, was born June 3, 1842. He is one of the sons of John and Jane (Robinson) McConnell, and grew to manhood on the home place, where he worked at the various duties pertaining to the farm. His education was received at the common schools of his neighborhood, where he laid the foundation of his present excellent education. His youth was much the same as that of his fellows, but at home he was at all times surrounded by those influences for that good which has ever characterized the family. On October 8, 1865, he was married to Mary McFadden, a daughter of John 3. and Esther (Clifford) McFadden, early settlers of Harrison County. After marriage he removed to the place on which he still resides, and which ninety years ago was entered by his grandfather, the farm having ever since been in the possession of the family. The farm is pleasantly situated one-half mile west of New Athens, overlooking the town as well as a large extent of surrounding country. The buildings are neat and tasty, the surroundings also being indicative of taste and culture. His family are as follows: Minnie M., Wilfred Stanton, John M., Paul V. and George C. In politics Mr. McConnell has been an advocate of the Democratic party, and has held various offices in his township. He was clerk for fifteen consecutive years, thus showing that he discharged the duties of the office in a manner satisfactory to his constituents. Like his father, he is a keen and shrewd business man, and has made a marked success in life, both financially and socially. He and family are members of the Presbyterian Church at New Athens, at which they are regular attendants, and he is rightly numbered among the progressive and enterprising men of his township, as well as among those whose honesty and truth are never doubted. His family are among the best known in the township, and are the representatives of the oldest stock, fully retaining the respect paid their ancestry by their own integrity and conduct. The McConnell family made their first appearance about the middle of the eighteenth century, in the person of John, a native of Scotland, who settled in Pennsylvania. His children were John, grandfather of our subject proper; James, who settled in Louisville, Ky., and Elizabeth. John McConnell, the son of John, the younger, was born in Pennsylvania, married Mary Morton, daughter of Edward Morton, and subsequently settled in Athens Township, Harrison CO., Ohio, where he entered a large tract of land, far away from any human habitation. The children born to John and Mary (Morton) McConnell were named James, William, Margaret, Elizabeth, John and Jane. The last named John McConnell married Jane, daughter of Adam and Elizabeth Robinson, who resided near Willmington, Del. To this last named union were born the following named children: Robert, who resides in Guernsey County, Ohio; William, deceased; James, deceased; Margaret, now Mrs. William Howell, and living in New Athens; Mary, now Mrs. Joseph Holmes, and living in Athens Township; 608 - HARRISON COUNTY. John, deceased; Edward M. S., of New Athens; Elizabeth, married to Mr. John Cook, and residing in Bridgeport, Ohio; Francis M., deceased; Adam, the subject of this sketch; LaFayette, deceased, and Martha, deceased. At the time John and Mary (Morton) McConnell came to Ohio (1801) the forests were teeming with wild beasts dangerous alike to human beings and domestic animals, and many a thrilling encounter took place between them and the hardy pioneers. At one time Elizabeth, sister of John, while returning from a visit to her brother James at Louisville, on horseback, was pursued by a pack of wolves and barely escaped by hard riding. As Mr. McConnell was the first settler in Athens Township, his house was naturally the headquarters of the families seeking homes in the then wilderness, and they were ever entertained with that true hospitality which is so prominent a characteristic of the McConnell family. Little does the present generation know of the hardships and privations undergone by those who first hewed the forests and turned the wilds into the prosperous farms that now overspread the land. There were no mills in the neighborhood in those days, and to remedy this Mr. McConnell put up a horse-mill, the first convenience of the kind, and he met his rich reward in the gratitude of the new comers. The descendants of this good and noble man, who died in 1831, are all worthy of their sire, and a more detailed account of their career will be found in the sketch of Mr. E. M. S. McConnell, on another page. HARRISON KIRKPATRICK, a prosperous and highly respected farmer, of Moorefield Township, Harrison County, was born Ootober 27, 1822, in. Athens Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and afterward removed to Moorefield Township, same county, where he grew to manhood, receiving a practical business education at the common schools, and here he still resides. On November 3, 1853, he married Miss Esther A. Ramage, who was born July 24, 1837, a daughter of William and Rebecca (Smith) Ramage. Rebecca (Smith) Ramage has one sister, Sarah (Smith) Ramage, and had eight brothers: John, Joseph, James, William, Robert, Steel, Washington and Smiley, of whom James, Washington and Smiley are still living. William Smith, Sr., and Rebecca Smith, Sr., father and mother of Rebecca (Smith) Ramage, came from Allegheny County, Penn., to Belmont County, Ohio, in 1805. William Ramage was a son of John and Esther (Bell) Ramage, and John was a son of William Ramage, Sr., a native of Scotland. William Ramage, Sr., came to America in an early day, and about 1787 settled on Wheeling Creek, Wheeling Township, Belmont Co., Ohio, near St. Clairsville. Here he erected a large stone house, where he passed the remainder of his life, and which house is still standing. He had one brother, but it was never known what became of him. William Ramage, Sr., reared a family of eleven children—six sons: William, John, James, Joseph, Samuel and Hon. Archibald C., and five daughters: Lizzie, Jane, Mary, Letitia and Margaret. Of these children, Joseph was a prominent lawyer at the bar of St. Clairsville, Belmont Co., Ohio; Hon. Archibald C. was one of the prominent men of his day, a native of Belmont County, born in Wheeling Township, October 12, 1808, but was a resident of Smith Township for more than fifty years; he served the county as representative in the forty-ninth and fiftieth General Assemblies; in 1860 he was elected and served one term as member of the Board of Equalization. Though a practical farmer he took great interest in the events of the times, and had a high conception of the duties of citizenship. John Ramage was born in Belmont County, Ohio, April 7, 1788, where he grew to manhood. In an early day his father had entered 353 acres of land in Moorefield Township, Harrison County, Section 4, afterward purchasing for his son, William, 207 acres in the same section, now known as the Maple Valley Home, but in an early day was known HARRISON COUNTY - 309 as the old Warden Farm (a Mr. Warden having erected it). John Ramage owned the farm of 183 acres now known as the James Bethel Farm, also 180 acres in the adjoining county (Belmont) now owned by Dillon Pickering and James Parks; and James Ram-age owned the farm now known as the Joseph Lafferty Farm, which contained 170 acres. William and James Ramage were ruling elders in the Nottingham Presbyterian Church for many years. John Ramage was an active member of the Baptist Church, and an excellent Bible scholar. He was twice wedded, and by his first wife (nee Esther Bell) had one son, by name, William (the father of our subject's wife). When this son was two and a half years of age his mother died, and in a few years Mr. Ramage married Miss Elizabeth Lafferty, who was born about 1808. To this union were born three children, Samuel, Louisa and John, all now deceased. James Ramage died March 11, 1849. His son, William, was born January 8, 1813, in Moorefield Township, where he grew to manhood and received such an education as the schools of the early days afforded. He was a man of extraordinary talent, a great Bible scholar and also a zealous politician, being a stanch supporter of the Democratic party till 1884, when he changed his political views, and cast his vote for Abraham Lincoln, from which time until his death he served the Republican party as faithfully as he had the Democratic. He departed this life July 29, 1888. His widow who was born in Belmont County, Ohio, April 1, 1816, is still living on the old homestead in that county. To them were born nine children, viz.: Thomas L.; Esther A., our subject's wife; John C.; William S. ; Sarah R. ; Mary M. Jackson, in Jackson, Mich. ; James 0. ; Robert B. and Joseph B., all deceased except Esther A., Mary M. and Joseph B. Harrison Kirkpatrick, after his marriage, resided four years on his father-in-law's farm in Belmont County. In 1858 he purchased the farm he now owns, which contains 1201 acres, in the northeast corner of Section No. 4, Moore field Township, and on this farm he has erected a fine residence. Mr. and Mrs. Kirkpatrick are parents of two children: William R., born August 11, 1854, who received a good business education at Franklin College, New Athens, Ohio, also a thorough education in music, and is residing at home; Mary E., born February 19, 1857, the wife of William Corey, owner of a flouring-mill in Union Township, Carroll Co., Ohio. The family are active members of the Nottingham Presbyterian Church, and politically Mr. Kirkpatrick is Democratic. The early part of his life he spent working at the joiner's trade, and has erected many residences throughout the country, which will stand as monuments to his memory for many years to come. WILLIAM N. DICKERSON is a descendant of one of the earliest pioneer families of Harrison County, Ohio. His grandfather, Joshua Dickerson, was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., and was a son of Thomas and Mary (Curry) Dickerson, the former a native of England. Joshua came to Harrison County with his father, and spent nearly all of his youth at the home place, assisting in clearing the same and attending such schools as the settlement afforded. Soon after he left home he chose, as his life's partner, Sarah Dunlap, and they immediately commenced farming, a vocation they followed during their lives, which they passed almost entirely in Athens Township. The farm on which they settled was wild land, and much of their lives was spent in rendering it fit for cultivation. The children born to this union were as follows: Rebecca (Mrs. Samuel Porter), in Cadiz Township; Joshua, Adam, John, Susan and Sarah, all five being deceased; William, in Athens Township; Mary and Jane, twins (of the last two Mary is now the wife of William Knee; Jane is deceased). Unlike his father, Mr. Dickerson espoused the Democracy, and was always faithful to it; while not an office holder, still he was regarded as one of its leaders and promi- 310 - HARRISON COUNTY nent members. He was among those who founded and maintained the Methodist Episcopal Church, now known as the Rankin Church. On April 23, 1850, after a long life of usefulness and respect, he passed away and was buried in Nottingham Cemetery; his wife, also dying, was laid to rest by him whose weary hours she had comforted, and whose pleasures she had shared. He was in every respect, financially, socially and mentally, a self-made man. Removed from centers of learning, compelled to labor from the earliest dawn to the twilight hour, he found time, however, to add much to the meager knowledge acquired in his earlier days. His struggles and successes will stimulate many of his descendants. John Dickerson, son of Joshua, was born August 10, 1810, in Athens Township, where he spent his youth and grew to manhood. From early childhood be was accustomed to farm work, and throughout life he followed agricultural pursuits. Soon after he left the common school he was married to Elizabeth McFadden, a daughter of Samuel McFadden, of Cadiz Township, and immediately purchased the farm on which his son, William N., now resides, and which was largely cleared by Samuel Jones. Here he reared the following named children: Joshua, born December 15, 1832; Elizabeth (Mrs. Thompson McFadden), born March 2, 1834; Sarah (Mrs. Jacob Webb), born September 24, 1836; Jane (Mrs. Hiram Lafferty), born April 24, 1838; Samuel C., born May 19, 1840; John J., born April 29, 1842; Rebecca (Mrs. Joshua Dickerson), born November 16, 1843; Margaret (Mrs. Samuel B. Porter), born March 20, 1845; William N., born December 3, 1846; James M., born December 2, 1848; Susan C. (Mrs. Gilmer Ritchey), born December 26, 1851; Mary A. (Mrs. Watson Dunlap), born May 2, 1853. Mr. Dickerson was an active Democrat, and was many times honored by his party, holding at various times all the offices of his township. From early youth he was a member of the Rankin Methodist Episcopal Church, and one of its supporters and leaders. Early trained in the school of hardship and penury, he became one of the successful men in his locality, financially, and achieved his success by his own efforts. His death occurred February 20, 1878; Mrs. Dickerson died March 21, 1887, and was laid to rest by his side in Nottingham Cemetery. William N. Dickerson, the subject proper of this sketch, was born on the place where he now resides. His youth was spent on the home place, where he was initiated into the principles of agriculture, and the lessons of economy and industry were inculcated both by example and precept of his parents. The district schools furnished him the educational advantages he enjoyed, and much benefit did he derive from them. On October 14, 1880, he married Mary B., daughter of Robert McFadden, and who was a resident of Logan County, Ohio. Robert McFadden was born April 4, 1834, in Cadiz Township, Harrison County, and in early life married Rebecca Dunlap, a daughter of Robert Dunlap. They located in Cadiz Township, where they remained until 1864, when they removed to Logan County, Ohio, where they have since resided. Their family are as follows: Mary B., born July 19, 1857; Tallie, born October 8, 1862; Braddie L., born May 3, 1870; Rebecca, born November 8, 1873; and Charles, born January 6, 1879. Mr. and Mrs. Dickerson, after their marriage, removed to their present place, where they have since resided, and which they purchased from the heirs. The issue of their marriage are John F., born September 26, 1881; Emily Grace, born October 21, 1883; Cora E., born February 18, 1886; and Clyde, born August 3, 1888, died November 6, 1888. Mr. Dickerson has been a life-long Democrat, and, while taking an active interest in party work, still has never accepted office. From his youth he has been one of the active members and supporters of the Rankin Methodist Episcopal Church, and for many years be has had charge of the musical department in the same, in which capacity he has given general satisfaction. His farm of 135 acres, situated about five miles from New Athens, is well HARRISON COUNTY - 311 adapted to general farming and stock-raising, in which he engages, and the acquisition of it is largely due to his own efforts. JOSEPH BERNHARD (deceased) was a native of Harrison County, Ohio, born on the old homestead in Short Creek Township, December 2, 1834, and was the youngest child of Joseph and Sarah (Wood) Bernhard. He grew to maturity in his boyhood home, and was schooled in the struggles of those early times, for an education enjoying only the limited advantages afforded by the district schools. On March 7, 1878, he married Margaret Furbay, a native of Harrison County, and a daughter of James and Beulah (Stephens) Furbay. James Furbay was born June 23, 1805, near Winchester, Va., and about the year 1814 came to Short Creek Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, with his parents, and they were known among the early settlers there. In 1837 he married Beulah Stephens who was born in Pennsylvania June 2, 1814, and who came with her parents to Ohio when she was but nine years of age. James Furbay died July 5, 1883, and his worthy wife January 19, 1889, both consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Following their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Bernhard located on a farm which was a part of the old Bernhard homestead, and there they resided until his death, the sad event occurring October 19, 1888. He had always been active in public works tending toward the advancement of the country. Through his own efforts he had acquired a good education, and was a leader in educational affairs in his district. A consistent member of the Presbyterian Church, he was respected and esteemed by all. In the spring of 1889 Mrs. Bernhard removed to Harrisville, where she now resides with her two children, Elva Leata and Georgia Etta. She is a respected member of the Presbyterian Church, and is generally beloved by her neighbors and acquaintances for her charitable acts and devout demeanor. MARY E. MIKESELL, of Jewett, Harri- son County, was born in Tuscarawas j County, Ohio, in 1823, a daughter of John H. and Sophia Roby, both natives of Maryland, the former of whom was born April 27, 1800, in Prince George's County, a son of John Ecton Roby, of English descent; Mrs. Sophia Roby was born in Charles County, March 4, 1800. They were married in 1822, and same year came to Tuscarawas County, Ohio, where he purchased a piece of land, upon which they resided for about six years, when he and his family removed to Leesville, Carroll Co., Ohio, where he engaged at his trade, that of a shoemaker, which found him a very poor man in this world's goods; but with his industry and the help of his faithful wife and his hard working children, they got them a good home and a comfortable living, and at their death they had plenty to live on and some to spare for their children to enjoy. Their home was a home for everybody to enjoy, both young and old, who came there. On October 10, 1872, was celebrated their "golden wedding," an account of which appeared at the time in a local newspaper, and is here given verbatim: GOLDEN WEDDING.—The golden wedding of John H. and Sophia Roby, father and mother of Mrs. D. H. Harman and John A. Roby., of this city, was celebrated at their home in Leesville, Carroll Co., Ohio, on Thursday, October 10, 1872. It occurred on the same day of the week upon which they were married just fifty years before. The children were all present, the first time that they had met together at the old home for eight years. They are six in number—three sons and three daughters—named as follows: Mary E., wife of Jesse Mikesell; Malvina S., wife of Daniel W. Edgerly; John A., James J., George W., and Elizabeth A., wife of David H. Harman. The husbands of the daughters were also present, and three children of John A. Roby, Eva T., James M. and Mary S. the only grand- children of the aged pair. Added to these was a goodly number of invited guests. After the usual compliments and presentation of presents, dinner was announced, which had been fixed for 1 o'clock. This over the company returned to the parlor; the daughters, sons and sons-in-law taking one side, in range according to age, and the invited guests the other. The father and mother occupied seats in the center. The father then gave a brief account of his early life, marriage, married life and raising of his family of six children, four of whom, the three daughters and one son, having married. After the conclusion of the address he presented each of the children a $10 gold piece. Including sons-in-law and daughter-in law there were ten in number, but death having severed the daughter-in-law (the wife 312 - HARRISON COUNTY. of John A.), the aged sire said her children should receive her portion; but as there were three of them he would give each a five dollar greenback in lieu of the gold piece. The occasion was one of great pleasure and happiness to all concerned, and will long be remembered. The aged couple came to Ohio in 1822 from Charles County, Md., and have lived at the above place ever since, being among the oldest settlers. They are nearly seventy-three years of age, but are hale and hearty, and bid fair to live for years to come. Mrs. Sophia Roby died February 5, 1884, John H. Roby in April, 1888, having worked at his trade up to within a short time of his death. They were a cheerful couple, and always seemed happy when they had good company around them. Mrs. Roby was an active, conscientious member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for about sixty years, when she heard the welcome summons: " Come up higher." The following obituary notice of her is taken from a local paper: DIED.-At the family residence on West Market Street, Sophia Roby,wife of John H. Roby, at 8.30 A. M., February 5, 1884. On Tuesday morning our community was startled by the announcement of the sudden death of our old and highly respected friend and citizen, Aunt Sophia Roby, who has been so familiarly known by many in this community, for more than half a century. She was born in Charles County, Md., March 4, 1800, dying on Tuesday morning, February 5, 8:30 A. M., having reached the advanced age of eighty-four years. She was united in marriage to John H. Roby who still survives, on Thursday, October 10, 1822, and the two have journeyed most happily together as husband and wife for over sixty-one years. All their lives they have been a remarkably strong and healthy couple, having never known but little sickness. On the morning of her death she arose and dressed herself as usual, about 7 o'clock, not feeling very well, she laid down for a few minutes; after a little while she arose and expressed herself as feeling better, but in a very short time became quite sick, and had to be assisted to her bed by Mr. Roby and his son James, where she lay down again and in a very few moments breathed her last, never having spoken a word or apparently being conscious of a moment of suffering. So ends the life and history of one of the noblest and best of women. She was a daughter of Caleb and Mary Roby, both of whom lived to be over eighty-five years of age. She had three sisters and one brother. Her brother having died at an early age. the sisters, Julia Ridgeway, Sallie Grimes and Mary Swan, resided for many years in Prince George's County, Md. The first one, Aunt Julia, is now the only one living, being about seventy-five years of age. But little is known of them here except by those who emigrated from the same county, who have always spoken of them as a very highly respectable family. Of Aunt Sophia, as we have always known her and shall still call her, too much could not be said hi her praise. At a very early age she became identified with the Episcopal Church in Maryland. After coming to Ohio, and having no opportunity of attending the church of her first choice, she then united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, of this place,where she has since been a true and faithful member for nearly sixty years. As far back as many of our citizens can remember have they known Aunt Sophia to be in her accustomed seat, and but few times during all that lapse of years was she ever known to be absent during the various services of the church. She was of a hospitable and social disposition, and having a very large acquaintance was universally loved and respected by all who knew her. She was remarkably fond of children, and seemed to have a happy faculty of gaining their confidence, and during her long residence near the school building she has always been treated with the greatest respect, having a kind word for all; she was loved and respected, and many generations may pass away before her name will be forgotten. Her bereaved husband, John H. Roby, who survives her, is nearly eighty-four years of age, and is, perhaps, as well preserved in mind and body at that age as one ever sees in a lifetime. During their companionship there were born to them seven children—four sons and three daughters—five of whom are now living. The eldest Mary, now sixty years past, in 1847 married Jesse Mikesell, a resident of Harrison County, near Fairview, where they have since resided. The next is Melvina, who has passed her fifty-eighth year. In 1855 she was married to David N. Edgerly a resident of New Philadelphia. Shortly after marriage they moved to Louisville, Ky.; living there a few years they returned to Leesville and after remaining here about ten years they moved to New Philadelphia where they have since resided. Mr. Edgerly was a soldier in the Mexican War, was mustered out in New Orleans, after war was ended. Shortly after his return home he went to California with a few Philadelphia friends, where he engaged in mining two years, after which he returned home and soon after was married. John Acton, the eldest son, lived to be fifty-three years of age. He was married to Elizabeth Price, daughter of James and Mary Price in the fall of 1849. After living a few years very pleasantly in Leesburg, they concluded to try their future in the West and shortly after moved to Christian County, Ill. After remaining there about ten years they moved to Minnesota, where they remained about five years. During this time three children had been born to them, Eva, Merrit and Maud. About this time Mrs. Roby sickened and died in November, 1872, and her remains were laid away in Minnesota. Mr. Roby then feeling very lonely with his little family around him concluded to remove to South Bend, Ind., and join other friends. After living there for about ten years, he, too, was taken down with sickness and died October 6, 1880, and by request of the little family, the remains were taken to Minnesota and laid by the side of their mother. The little children, then quite young, were kindly cared for by many friends. The oldest, Eva, now about thirty years of age, having since married a very worthy and highly respected gentleman, Charlie Wheaton, to whom two little girls, Maude and Gracie, have been born, who are the only great-grandchildren of Mr. and Mrs. Roby. Merrit, the second child, is now twenty-seven years old, and is well established in South Bend, Ind., as a thoroughly reliable business man. Maude, the youngest, now resides in Columbus, having about two years ago married a very clever and worthy young man, M. W. Herron, of this place. The second son, James J., to whom too much praise can not be given for having ever been the help and support of his aged parents during their declining HARRISON COUNTY - 313 years, though he was married December 13, 1877, to Miss Violetta Spence, a very estimable lady, daughter of Thomas and Mary Spence, has never left the parental roof, and was ever ready to extend to, them all the help and kindness in his power, having 'many times been heard to say: " I will never leave home while mother lives." Such devotion we have scarcely ever known before. George the next son is now past fifty, and having never married has always been for many years the help and companion of his parents to whom he also was very much devoted. At the early age of two years he lost his hearing from the effects of a disease in the head. At the age of thirteen he was sent to the Columbus Deaf and Dumb School. After remaining there five years he returned home and has since remained with his parents. He has a remarkably bright and active mind, and is loved and respected by all who know him. Elizabeth A., the youngest daughter is now forty-eight years past. She was married on February 23, 1864, to Mr. D. H. Harmon, of Uniontown, Penn., a very excellent gentleman who is well known in this community. They resided for a number of years in Canton, Ohio, then moved to South Bend, where they remained until 1879. Since that time they have resided in New Philadelphia. For some months past, Mrs. Harmon has been known to be quite delicate, and as she is now in Michigan taking treatment, it is to be deeply regretted that she can not be present at the funeral services, as she is the only one living that is absent from the circle. The youngest child, Isaac Horatio, died in 1838, when five months old. As a family of children they are remarkable for their peculiar regard and attachment for each other, and the great care and kindness they have ever shown toward their parents. Though widely separated, and some very distant, they have always made it a rule to visit their old home as often as possible, and many a reunion have they enjoyed around their old home fireside. Mr. Roby is also a native of Maryland. his father, John Acton Roby, having been a soldier in the Revolutionary War. He died in 1818, his mother, Eleanor, dying two years later. He had one brother, Theodore, and three sisters, Seny, Valina and Nancy, all of whom remained in Maryland, excepting Seny, who married Mankin Roby and emigrated to Ohio, locating near Roxford, in Tuscarawas County, in the year 1820. They had five children—two sons and three daughters: Richard, who is now living in Holmes County, Ohio; John, who died shortly after moving to Indiana; Emily,wife of Samuel W. Rippeth, living near Leesville, and mother of our well-known citizens, Charles and Albert Rippeth; Calesta, a widow lady, living with her family near Dell Roy, who married William Davis, son of Judge Davis, of Carroll County; Isabel,who married Thomas Mowels and now resides near New Cumberland, Ohio. Mr. Roby moved his family from Maryland to this county in a two-horse wagon, starting there on the morning of October 15, 1822, a few days after his marriage, in company with twenty-one persons consisting, of Samuel Griffin and family, Barrick Roby and family, Andrew Beavers and family and others, all of whom have since passed away. After sixteen days of trial and hardship, being compelled to walk nearly all the road, they at last arrived and located near Roxford where they resided for five years, since which time they have resided in Leesville. They began life in very limited circumstances, but by honesty, integrity and industry they have acquired a competence far in advance of their highest expectations. Mr. Roby has long been known as "Honest John Roby," and he takes a just pride in his record as a citizen. lie is well known as a broad-minded philanthropist, always taking a deep interest in the welfare of the community, socially and politically, having been a strong Republican for a number of years. He is also a radical temperance man, his treatment of that question being unique and original to "neither buy of or sell anything to a man who sells liquor." He has ever been a kind and indulgent father and loving and devoted husband, and now, while he feels most keenly the cold hand of death that has taken away his companion, he reasons in a very philosophical manner, knowing that by strict conformity to every natural law she had been enabled to live out the full term of years allotted to mankind; and now, as her life has passed away peacefully; without a moment's suffering—as the taper burns and at last extinguishes itself—he can ask no more, knowing that his own time will soon follow, when he can hope to meet her on the other shore. It is however the sundering of a dear, long, loving companionship, and we sympathize most deeply with our aged friend in the great loss he has sustained. The subject of this sketch, Mrs. Mikesell, was reared to womanhood in Leesville, Carroll Co., Ohio, and received her education at a subscription school. In February, 1847, she was married to Jesse Mikesell, who was born December 11, 1819, in Rumley Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, a son of John P. and Mary (Long) Mikesell. After the marriage of this worthy couple they settled upon the old homestead farm in Section 35, now owned by Daniel Mikesell, and here remained until 1849, when they removed to Jefferson, Harrison Co., Ohio, where they remained one year, and from there they came to Rumley Township, Harrison County, and purchased a farm in Section 2, which our subject still owns. Mr. Mikesell was a member of the Lutheran Church for more than fifty years, was well known throughout the entire county, and they were highly respected by all who knew them. Their house was always open to rich and poor, young and old, especially to preachers. Jesse Mikesell died February 23, 1887, and his remains were laid to rest in the cemetery at New Rumley. After the death of her husband, Mrs. Mikesell removed to Jewett, where she still resides in peace and plenty, the just reward of 'a well-ordered life. She has been an earnest and consistent member of the Lutheran Church since 1848; is a lady held in the deepest respect by all her acquaintances, neighbors and friends. 314 - HARRISON COUNTY. She tries to make everybody happy about her, and her house is open to welcome all her friends who wish to visit her. She truly exemplifies the old adage: " Those who would have friends must show themselves friendly." " Blessed are they who never grow old." DR. ELMER ELLSWORTH McPECK, a popular physician and surgeon of Bowerston, Harrison County, was born in Jewett, Ohio, February 10, 1863, the eldest son and third child in a family of two daughters—Jennie and Mattie—and two sons—Elmer E. and Lewis. His father, Capt. John E. McPeck, who was a member of the One Hundred and Twenty-sixth 0. V. I., and is ex-sheriff of Harrison County, was born near Hanover, Harrison Co., Ohio, August 1, 1832. The mother of our subject, Mary (Davidson) McPeck, was born near Freeport, Ohio, February 4, 1834, a daughter of Rev. L. H. Davidson. They are yet living on the farm where our subject was reared and where he passed the greater part of his youth. Elmer E. McPeck was taught the rudiments of an education in the neighboring district school, and he then entered Hopedale Normal College, in which he pursued his literary studies three years, partly paying for his tuition with money earned by teaching in the public schools. His boyhood's ambition, however, had been to achieve success and prominence as a physician, and he therefore began the study of medicine under the preceptorship of Dr. W. L. England, of Jewett, Ohio. In the fall of 1886 he entered Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, from which he graduated in March, 1889, and in the following summer he located at Bowerston, Harrison County, where his abilities were at once recognized, and where he has since enjoyed a large and lucrative practice. His success here is but the just reward of years of arduous and assiduous study and application to the acquirement of his profession, as well as to the skillful and scientific manner in which he practices it. The Doctor was united in marriage October 22, 1890, with Miss Lillie S., daughter of Rev. N. K. Crowe, a Presbyterian minister, of Wellsville, Ohio. Dr. McPeck is a hearty supporter of the Republican party and its principles. He is a member of and physician to Tent No. 76, K. O. T. M., at Bowerston. BALAAM LOWMILLER, one of the oldest and mostly highly respected cit- izens of German Township, Harrison County, is a son of John and Mary M. (Harner) Lowmiller, and was born in Rumley Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, November '5, 1824. John Lowmiller was born in Pennsylvania in 1773, came to Harrison County, Ohio, in 1808, and settled in Rumley Township, where he entered Section 33, in the northeast corner; here he built a small cabin, in which he lived for some years, afterward erecting a fine house. He was twice married, and by his first wife be had five children, viz. : Henry, Susan, Catherine, Fannie and Mary M. By his second wife he became the father of seven children Elias, Elizabeth, Menasah and Mary M., all deceased; Joshua, a farmer in Missouri; John, a farmer in Rumley Township, Harrison Co., Ohio; and Balaam, our subject. John Lowmiller died in 1857 on the old homestead in Rumley Township, Harrison County, He was one of the leading members of the Lutheran Church of Germano for many years. Balsam Lowmiller remained on the home farm until he was thirty-two years of age, and in company with his brother John worked their father's farm for several years. In November, 1856, he married Miss Elizabeth Angel, who was born January 4, 1838, a daughter of Israel and Mary (Stonebrook) Angel, who settled in Carroll County, Ohio, among the early comers in 1810. After our subject's marriage he moved to German Township, Harrison County, and settled on a farm of 1024 acres given him by his father; he then bought seventy acres of a neighbor and eighty-eight acres of his brother HARRISON COUNTY - 315 Mr. and Mrs. Lowmiller have had born to them eleven children, viz. : Matthew J., born September 17, 1857, married and living near his father on his father's farm; Edward, S., born April 26, 1859, deceased; Mary E. , born February 18, 1862, Jackson V., born November 9, 1863, at home; William H., born January 4, 1866, deceased; Rosanna E., born April 10, 1868, wife of Elmer Arbaugh, farmer, Rumley Township; Chancy H., born August 1, 1869; Burtis M., born May 4, 1872; Augusta F., born March 2, 1874; Jessie C., born July 5, 1876, and John W., born April 14, 1880, all at home. The parents are both members of the Lutheran Church at Germano. Mr. Lowmiller is one of the largest growers of sheep in German Township, keeping 300 on his farm, besides some very fine horses and cattle, and he has one of the finest stock farms in Harrison County; has also thirty acres of the best timber land to be found in Harrison County, it being covered chiefly with oak and hard maple. Mr. Lowmiller hired a substitute to serve for him during the Civil War, to whom he paid two hundred and seventy-five dollars. ABRAHAM B. CREAL (deceased), who in his lifetime was a well-known citizen of North Township, Harrison county, was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, January 8, 1818, a son of John Creal, a native of Maryland. The father of John, Phillip Creal, was of Irish descent, while the mother, Margaret (Spencer) Creal, was of German extraction. They had a family of nine children. John Creal was married in Maryland to Annie Baker, and together they came to Ohio, and located in Jefferson County. He was a blacksmith and a farmer, and in 1820 moved to Harrison County, where he entered 160 acres of wild land, on which he erected a hewed-log cabin. Here the grandfather died at the age of forty years, the grandmother at the age of seventy years. John and Anna (Baker) Creal were the parents of seven children, viz: Joseph, Dr., moved to Arkansas and died; Mary married Jacob Jones, and moved to Kansas; John; David died in the Civil War; Abraham B. and Wakman B. are both deceased; Wesley is a resident of Pittsburgh, Penn., all being deceased except Mary and Wesley. Abraham B. Creal at the age of eighteen began learning the trade of brick-mason in Jefferson County. In 1840, in Carroll County, he married Lydia A. Chase, daughter of Benjamin and Hannah (Manchester) Chase, and born in New York. In 1825 her parents came to Carroll County, Ohio, and they, too, settled in the woods, not a stick of timber ever having been cut upon the place. Their first cabin was of logs, with puncheon floor and open fireplace, and around this primitive dwelling the wolves and panthers howled at night, and bears prowled in unwelcome numbers. Mrs. Hannah (Manchester) Chase died in her new brick house, built by Abraham B. Creal, when he was eighteen years of age. She was the mother of ten children, of whom eight are still living: Phoebe, Mrs. Samuel Winings; Mary, Mrs. Jacob Winings; Sarah, on the old farm; Harvey, Garradus, Elisha, Elizabeth and Lydia A. The father of these children died in 1877, at the age of seventy-seven years. After the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Creal they at once settled on their farm in North Township, where, with the exception of eleven years spent in Scio, he made his home until his death, which occurred December 12, 1885, when he was aged nearly sixty, eight years. Politically, he was a Republican, and he had filled several township offices, such as trustee, etc. After his marriage he taught school many years in the county, and in his own cabin for a long time. He was a hard-working man, and built up his own success in life. Since his death his widow has resided on the old place. She is the mother of six children, viz. : Stephenson, of Uhrichsville, Tuscarawas Co., Ohio; Alfred, deceased; Emma, Mrs. Leonidas Davidson, of Scio, Ohio; Annie, deceased; Joseph M., at home, and Minnie S., Mrs. Creal. All the children are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which Mr. Creal also was 316 - HARRISON COUNTY. a member. Stephenson Creal enlisted in 1864 in the one-hundred-days service, but served six months in the O. V. I., and was slightly wounded. JOSEPH M. CREAL was born in North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, in 1854. He is a bricklayer, having learned the trade from his father. In 1880 he was married to Mary C. Tipton, daughter of James and Hannah Tipton, and a native of Carroll County, Ohio. To this union have been born four children: Clara Belle, Charles Edson, Minnie Estabrook and Lena Fern. The homestead is situated one and a half miles from Scio, and comprises 155 acres of rich farming land. BENJAMIN GUYTON, a farmer of Nottingham Township, Harrison County, was born in Maryland, June 7, 1820. His father, Elisha Guyton, was born about eighteen miles from Baltimore, in 1786, learned the shoemaker's trade, and in 1812 enlisted in the defense of his country against the invading English, serving until near the close of the conflict. On his return home he married Miss Catherine Schultz, who was born in Germany about the year 1796. In 1825 this couple came to Ohio, for one year residing in West Chester, Tuscarawas County; then moved to Harrison County, and entered the farm on which our subject now lives and which he owns. On this place Elisha and his wife remained several years, and then removed to Deersville, where Elisha died in 1875, and his widow in 1877, both being members of the Episcopal Church. They were the parents of eight children, named as follows: John (deceased), Elizabeth (deceased), Benjamin, Margaret (who died in infancy), Angustus (deceased), Elisha (deceased), Catherine Crabtree and Mary Crabtree (the last two being residents of Columbus, Ohio). Benjamin Guyton was reared on the farm which he now owns, and was educated at the subscription schools, which were taught in his township in his early days. On October 2, 1845, he married Miss Ellen Fitzgerald, who was born in Nottingham Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, May 23, 1824. She is the daughter of Thomas and Mary (Smith) Fitzgerald, Thomas born in Chester County, Penn., his wife, Mary (Smith), a native of Ireland. He came to Ohio many years ago, and entered the farm now owned by W. B. McFadden. Thomas Fitzgerald served his adopted country in the War of 1812, against Great Britain, and died at his peaceful home in Harrison County, Ohio, in 1853, Mrs. Fitzgerald, however, having departed this life in 1827. To Mr. and Mrs. Fitzgerald were born the following children: Angeline, Maria and Caroline Auld, all being deceased; Amanda, living in Guernsey County, Ohio; Harriet Guthrie, a resident of Uhrichsville, Ohio; Ellen, wife of Mr. Guyton; William, a twin brother of Ellen, but now deceased, and John, also dead. Mr. and Mrs. Guyton are members of the Presbyterian Church, and their walk through life indicates the sincerity of their faith. Politically Mr. Guyton is a Democrat. JOHN FINICAL, one of the well-known residents of Harrison County, was born in Washington County, Penn., April 4, 1829. His father, Isaac, was a native of the same State, to which the family came from Germany at an early period in its settlement. The grandfathers of this family, on both sides, were soldiers of the Revolution. Isaac Finical's early youth was spent at the home of his parents, where those precepts of honesty and economy were inculcated, which have made the family so highly respected. Soon after attaining his majority be was united in marriage with Margaret, youngest daughter of Robert Anderson, of Washington County, Penn. The Anderson family originally came from Ireland, arriving here about the commencement of the Revolutionary War. The father immediately enlisted in the defense of his adopted country, and served with distinction through the entire period. After the close of the war, although HARRISON COUNTY - 317 entitled honestly to a pension, he refused to accept, on account of the shattered finances of his country. After his marriage Isaac Finical remained in Pennsylvania until 1831, when he removed to Cadiz Township, Harrison County, thence to Short Creek Township, where he remained a short time, and finally purchased the farm now occupied by his son, John. In 1854, at the advanced age of seventy-five years, he passed away, his death being caused by hemorrhage of the bowels, resulting from a kick by a colt; his widow passed away in 1885, at the age of eighty-eight years. They were the parents of nine children, viz*: Eliza May, deceased wife of William Spiker; Margaret, wife of Alexander Henderson; Jane, Mrs. William Miller; Frances C., Mrs. David Steward; Mary E., Mrs. Calvin Rodgers; Rachel A.., who died when a child; Robert, John and Thomas. John Finical grew to manhood in the county where he now resides, and with whose growth and prosperity he has long been identified. He attended the common schools in his section, and so industrious and naturally apt was he that at the age of eighteen he was fitted as a teacher, a profession which he followed a long time with eminent success. In April, 1856, he chose for his helpmeet, Martha, daughter of William Irwin. Her mother was a native of Ireland, coming to this country at the age of six years. The family came to Harrison County, where they remained until 1856, when they removed to Iowa, where their deaths occurred. Mr. and Mrs. Finical, after marriage, settled on the place where they still reside. Ten children have blessed their union, viz. : Milton Beecher, in Kansas; Lizzie Margaret, Mrs. J. P. Ross; William H., in Pittsburgh; Thomas A.., at Fort Scott, Kas. ; James I., Alvin 0., Mattie V., John and Nellie V., at home, and one that died in infancy. In his political views Mr. Finical has been a firm supporter of the Republican party, and he was a strong Abolitionist. While not a strong man, physically, being a constant sufferer from asthma, Mr. Finical, mentally, is among the most active of men. His home is situated about five miles northwest of Cadiz, and consists of. 173 acres of excellent land. SAMUEL H. BIRNEY, a farmer of Franklin Township, Harrison County, was born October 24, 1838, in Nottingham Township Harrison Co., Ohio. His father Israel, was born in German Township, same county, where his early life was spent. At the age of sixteen he came to Franklin Township, where he remained until he was married to Martha Hedges, a daughter of Samuel Hedges, of Cadiz Township, Harrison County. They immediately located in Nottingham Township, where Israel Birney purchased a farm, and where they made their residence until their death, that of Mr. Birney occurring May 11, 1862, and that of Mrs. Birney, August 30, 1870. Their children were named as follows: Samuel H., Prudence (Mrs. Slemmons Welsh), William, Elizabeth and Israel. In his business Mr. Birney was engaged in farming and stock dealing, and his prosperity was due to his own efforts, assisted by his wife. He was a Democrat, and took quite an active interest in politics; was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which he was class-leader for many years. Mr. Birney was always an enterprising and liberal man, and was heartily in favor of any enterprise tending to the improvement or advancement of his county or township, either in educational, religious or moral enterprise. To such men is largely due the present prosperity of Harrison County, and too much can not be said in their praise. Samuel H. Birney spent his youth in Nottingham Township, where he assisted in the duties of the farm, and attended the common schools. On March 3, 1863, he was married to Cynthia Johnson, daughter of Nathan Johnson, of Nottingham Township, and they commenced their married life on a farm in that township, where they resided until 1874, when they removed to Deersville, and have here since resided. Their children are Martha E. and Orville F. For many years Mr. Birney has been en- 318 - HARRISON COUNTY. gaged in stock buying in connection with farming, and for the past ten years has been actively employed as veterinary surgeon. He has always been a Democrat, being one of the prominent members of the party, and while not seeking office, he has efficiently served his township in various capacities. He and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which be has been class-leader for several years. He is actively engaged in Sunday-school work and is a liberal supporter of his society. Financially Mr. Birney is a self-made man, and has by his own efforts succeeded in all his mon- etary matters. His family are well known in the county, and everywhere held in the highest respect and esteem. WILLIAM BOYCE PENN, a leading merchant, Bowerston, Harrison County, I was born in Cadiz, Ohio, April 9, 1849. His father, Joseph H. Penn, was born in England, April 25, 1813, and when a young man came to America with his parents, Thomas and Hannah Penn, who located at Cadiz, Ohio, where, November 6, 1834, Joseph H. Penn married Jane Hamilton, who was born June 28, 1813, a daughter of Francis and Ruth Hamilton. Until the spring of 1830 Mr. Penn resided at Cadiz, engaged in business, when he moved upon a farm near Cadiz Junction. On February 8, 1878, Mrs. Jane Penn departed this life, and September 21, 1881, Joseph H. Penn passed away. They were the parents of ten children, of whom seven grew to maturity, viz. : Florella, Thomas, Francis Hamilton, Hannah Mary, Joseph Rollins, William Boyce and Chastina Ann. William Boyce Penn was reared on the home farm, and educated a few weeks during each winter at the common school, until fourteen years of age, when he came to Bowerston to reside with a brother-in-law, 0. H. P. Long, who was a prominent merchant and a station agent at that point. Here he worked as a clerk until July, 1877, when, in partnership with D. R. Phillips, he purchased the stock, and the two young men together carried on the business for one year, when Mr. Penn withdrew. In the fall of 1878 he decided to enter the mercantile business on his own account, and erected his present store, the finest business structure in Bowerston, in which he carries the largest stock and does the most business in this part of the country. He has also erected many other fine buildings in the place, and has done more toward the advancement of the town than any other citizen. For a number of years, also, Mr. Penn was in business with John H. Bell, under the firm name of Penn & Bell, at Dennison, Ohio. In 1875 he erected the Commercial Hotel, known at the time as the " William Penn Hotel," and for six years retained the proprietorship. On May 29, 1870, Mr. Penn was united in marriage with Martha Ann Weyandt, a daughter of Abraham Weyandt, the result being five children, viz. : Jane Florence, born July 27, 1871; Oliver William, born September 18, 1872; Mary Emma, born August 13, 1875, and died July 17, 1877; Harry Ward, born September 30, 1878, and Dolletta. May, born September 26, 1886. In politics Mr. Penn is a Republican; he is active in public affairs, and for five years has served as postmaster at Bowerston. He has served two terms as senior warden of Orange Lodge No. 406, F. & A. M., at Leesville, Ohio, and is a charter member of Bowerston Council No. 67, Jr. 0. U. A. M., in which he is junior past coun cilor, was elected representative to State council in 1890, and was appointed by the State councilor, E. E. Hungerford, a member of the State financial committee. He is a charter member of the Centennial lodge, No. 94, K. of P., at Bowerston, has held various official positions in the lodge, and has been master of finance for nine years; he is past chancellor, and in 188788 was the representative to the State lodge, and served three years as D. D. G. C. The rise in life of Mr. Penn has been little less than marvelous, but it has been owing almost entirely to his own upright methods of doing business, his keen perceptions and his inflexible will HARRISON COUNTY - 321 in pursuing a straight and unswerving course of justice; his invariably courteous demeanor and affable treatment of all with whom he comes in contact constitute another factor toward that success, and his example is one worthy the emulation of any business man, especially that of a young merchant. THE FIERBAUGH FAMILY originally settled in Pennsylvania soon after the came from Germany, the first of the name to arrive on these shores having Revolutionary War. Daniel Fierbaugh, great-grandfather of Michael B. Fierbaugh, of North Township, Harrison County, came from the Keystone State to what is now North Township, just mentioned, and here entered a farm where E. H. Kennedy now resides; returning to Pennsylvania, he died there, and his widow came out to Ohio with her family, settling on this farm. Her son, David, born either in Pennsylvania or Maryland, in 1787, was a grown man when they came to Ohio, and he invested all his savings in the land entered by his father, which was afterward lost to the estate. He entered the land on which Michael B. is living, at that time wholly unimproved, and on it he erected a log cabin. Soon thereafter he married Magdalena Gundy, who is supposed to have been the first white woman to cross Conotton Creek westward, her parents, Rev. Joseph Gundy (a Mennonite minister), and Fannie (Coffman) Gundy, having been pioneers of 1804, at which time there were no neighbors nearer than New Rumley, and many adventures met with by the members of the family might be recounted here did space permit. Mr. and Mrs. David Fierbaugh had two children, Fannie (now Mrs. John Weimer, of Austin, Neb.), and Daniel. The father died June 14, 1864, when aged seventy-seven years, and the mother in 1878, at the patriarchial age of ninety-one years. Daniel Fierbaugh, was born April 27, 1817, in North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, where is he was brought up to farm life, his education being limited to the old log schoolhouse of the neighborhood. In 1841 he was united in marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of Michael and Caroline L. (Barence) Boor. The Boor family came west from Pennsylvania at an early date, the father of Mrs. Fierbaugh locating in Harrison County in 1838, but dying in Defiance County, Ohio, and here her mother yet lives, aged about ninety years. Daniel Fierbaugh and his wife settled on the old home place and carried on general farming. Here their five children were born, a record of whom is as follows: Caroline L. was married to Rev. B. F. Rinehart, and died January 26, 1866; Mary M., is the wife of Ebenezer W. Laughridge, of North Township, Harrison County; Michael B. is the subject proper of this sketch, whose record follows this; David G. died April 13, 1870; Clara E. died October 27, 1879. The father was born April 27, 1817, and died October 14, 1885, at the age of sixty-eight years; the mother is yet living, now sixty-nine years old. MICHAEL B. FIERBAUGH was born August 7, 1845, in North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, on the farm where he now lives, the representative of the third generation. His education was received at the common schools of his district, afterward at New Hagerstown Academy, and the college at Scio. In April, 1864, he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Seventieth 0. N. G., serving four months; he was in the Shenandoah Valley, participated in the battle of Snicker's Gap, and was on skirmishing duty at Winchester; was also present at Martinsburg, and in various other engagements. Having received an honorable discharge, he returned home, and it was then he attended the academy at New Hagerstown, one year, and later the college at Scio, in 1866-67. On November 18 (Thanksgiving day), 1869, Mr. Fierbaugh was married to Miss Sarah E., daughter of Thomas and Mary Smith (both now deceased), who formerly lived in Freeport, Ohio, where he was a merchant. He came to the United States when eight years of age, and, revisiting his native 322 - HARRISON COUNTY. country, there married Miss Mary Hopkins. He was educated in Cadiz, Harrison County, where he assisted on one of the early county papers, and in 1865 he came to North Township, where he purchased a farm. Here he died in February, 1881, at the age of seventy-two years, his widow the following year, aged sixty-nine years; they were the parents of six children. Our subject and wife after marriage settled down to farm life, sharing life's joys and sorrows until February 10, 1890, when death carried off the faithful wife, at the early age of thirty-eight years and six months, she having been a victim of " la grippe." She was the mother of seven children, named as follows: Thomas S., Daniel E., Clara A., Lorin D., Pearl, Dwight and Frank, all at school. Politically Mr. Fierbaugh is a Republican, and has served his county six years as commissioner, and his township two years as trustee. In religion he is a member of the United Brethren Church at Connotton. His farm lies partly in North Township and partly in Monroe, and comprises 227 acres of prime land; the dwelling was burned April 24, 1889. Mr. Fierbaugh is a thoroughly progressive man, a representative practical farmer, always interested in whatever might conduce to the advancement of his township and county; it may be said of him that he was the prime mover in getting the " Children's Home " built in Cadiz in 1889, and he was appointed director of the same in June, 1890. JOHN C. HENDERSON was born July 21, 1839, in Hanover, North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. His grandfather, John Henderson, at the age of sixteen came with his parents from Ireland, and upon arriving in this country ran away; the parents, after vainly searching for him, were compelled to return with no tidings of the lost child. Many years afterward, one of his brothers, while on a visit to this country, found him, and together they passed many pleasant hours in conversing about their parents, brothers and sisters, and mutual friends. Soon after the lad ran away from his father he made his way to Maryland, whence, after working at anything he could find employment at, he finally drifted to Hagerstown, in that State, where he met the lady whom he afterward married. She was the daughter of George Henderson, and was of Scotch descent. Her parents died while she was quite young, leaving her a large amount of property. She made her home with her uncle until she was married, after which the young couple removed to Indiana County, Penn., where they resided a short time, and then removed to Rumley Township, Harrison County, Ohio, purchasing a large farm, where they resided until their death. Mr. Henderson died in February 1862, and was buried in Ridge Cemetery, where on her death, which occurred May 13, 1877, his widow was buried also. Four sons and seven daughters were born to their union, ten of whom survive, and nearly all reside in Harrison County. The father of our subject, James Henderson, was born September 10, 1813, in Indiana County, Penn., where he lived until four years of age, when his parents removed to Harrison County, Ohio. He remained with them until October 1838, when he married Susanna McClintock, of Monroe Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and took up their residence in Hanover, Harrison County, until 1857, following his trade of cabinet-maker and carpenter. He then purchased a farm near Hanover, where he died November 1, 1889. He was, as is his widow, a member of the Ridge Presbyterian Church, which they joined many years ago. He was a Democrat in politics, and had held various township offices, although not desirous of them. Mrs. Henderson's father, Thomas McClintock, came from Cork, Ireland, to the United States at an early age. He married, while quite young, Miss Elizabeth Fisher, a resident of Harrison County, and they immediately located on a farm, but soon removed to Monroe Township, where they passed the remainder of their lives. They were both buried on the farm, where they had lived and struggled together. Ten children resulted HARRISON COUNTY - 323 from this union, eight of whom survive, and nearly all are residing in Harrison County. John C. Henderson lived with his parents until he was twenty-three years of age, when he was married to Hester Fisher, who was a resident of North Township. On January 4, 1865, Mrs. Henderson died, leaving one child. She was from early life a member of the Baptist Church. On November 5, 1865, the little child whom she left joined her in the spirit land, and they were buried in Hanover. On April 2, 1866, Mr. Henderson was married to Mahala P. Fisher, a sister of his former wife. Mr. Henderson followed the profession of teaching for twenty-eight consecutive years, nearly all in Harrison County, thus showing that his services were highly valued by the patrons of the schools of the county, and also the high esteem in which he was held by all. Five children came to his second marriage, viz. : Hester, born January 17, 1867; James H., born July 1, 1868; Walter J., born July 13, 1870; Susie R., born July 15, 1873, and Robert Heron, born April 11, 1877. This wife died October 8, 1877, and was buried by the side of her sister in Hanover. She was a constant attendant at the Presbyterian Church. On March 27, 1879, Mr. Henderson was united in marriage with Miss Sarah McPeck, a daughter of George McPeck, a resident of Archer Township, and since marriage they have resided on the old Schaffer Farm. No children have been born to this marriage. Both Mr. and Mrs. Henderson are members of the Ridge Presbyterian Church. In politics Mr. Henderson is a stanch Democrat, his ancestors having been members of that party since its organization. He is also a member of the F. & A. M., Orange Lodge, Leesville, Carroll County. Mr. Henderson received his education for teacher and surveyor in New Hagerstown Academy, Carroll County, Ohio, and he has followed both professions with eminent success; but lately, owing to duties at home, he has relinquished that of teaching, though he still continues surveying in all its branches, of which he is proficient. Mr. Henderson has attained his present enviable position in his community without effort on his part, and has the respect and confidence of his neighbors. ROBERT KENNEDY, a wealthy farmer of Moorefield Township, Harrison County, is a sail 'of Return Matthew and Jane (Moore) Kennedy, and was born in Moorefield Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, November 19, 1824. When five years of age his parents removed to Tuscarawas County, where Robert grew to manhood and received a common-school education. In 1845 the family returned to Harrison County, and August 16, 1848, he married Miss Jane McCullough, who was born April 9, 1822, a daughter of William and Julia A. (Laizure) McCullough. After his marriage Robert Kennedy remained on the old homestead till 1872, when be removed to the farm which he now owns, which farm is known as the old "Apple Pie Ridge Farm," because on it were the first apples grown in the township, and the neighbors gathered at the home of Mr. Johnson (at that time) to eat apple pies. The farm contains 320 acres on Section 19, in Moorefield Township. Politically Mr. Kennedy is Democratic, and has held several offices of trust in the township. He is well known in the county and highly esteemed by all. THE BERNHARD FAMILY. In the spring of 1814, Joseph Bernhard emigrated from Chester County, Penn., to Harrison County, Ohio, and settled in Short Creek Township. He was a native of eastern 'Pennsylvania, and was born August 28, 1785. His father, Matthias Bernhard, a native of Germany, and in his native land a manufacturing optician, had immigrated to America and located in eastern Pennsylvania many years previous. There is nothing connected with Joseph's early life to attract particular notice, except that he grew to manhood, schooled in such privations and disadvantages as fell to the 324 - HARRISON COUNTY. lot of pioneer boys. He learned the wagon-maker's trade in Chester County, Penn., and then soon after erected a shop of his own, and worked at his trade six years, during which time he saved some money, and from there he came to Ohio, as before stated, in the spring of 1814. After coming to Ohio be located in Short Creek Township, Harrison County, making his home with Matthias Bernhard, a brother, who had preceded him to this country, and who was then proprietor of a grist-mill on the creek. Here Joseph remained, assisting in conducting the business in his brother's interest, also keeping a small store in connection with the mill, often taking the wheat the settlers brought him in exchange for merchandise. In those early times money was an article noted for its scarcity, and the exchange system was about the only plan on which business was conducted for many years. The coarse clothes worn by the settlers were mostly home-made. The busy housewife would card and spin the wool into yarn, which she would knit into stockings or weave into cloth or blankets, as the occasion or necessity demanded. Common calico was a luxury not to be dreamed of, except for the best occasions, and it is interesting to note that the entries made by Mr. Bernhard in his journal make known the price of calico in those early times to have been sixty-two and a half cents per yard. About 1820 he purchased a tract of land in the northeast corner of Short Creek Township, and, locating thereon, began its improvement, erecting, in 1827, a grist mill on the creek there. This mill was afterward added to and enlarged until it became the principal flouring-mill in this section of the State, and did a thriving business in the "forties," when the flour would be hauled to Wheeling and the river, and shipped by boat down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers as far as New Orleans. This mill, therefore, became one of the most important factors in the development of the country, and though now much changed, it is still standing on the old homestead. Mr. Bernhard, in speaking afterward to his children about those early times, has often told them how wheat, after 'having been threshed with a flail (the only available way), would sell at the market for twenty-five cents per bushel; and at one time flour was so cheap that, taking a barrel of the choicest product of his mill to Harrisville, he traded it for a straw hat and a few trifles. In 1821 Mr. Bernhard married Sarah Wood, a daughter of Robert and Mary Wood, who went to Canada when she was but an infant. They soon returned, however, to the United States and became early pioneers of Harrison County, from which they removed in 1827 to Morgan County, where they died. Mr. and Mrs. Bernhard lived happily together on the farm in Short Creek Township until his death, which occurred in 1853. He was a self-made man in every respect, having begun a poor lad at the foot of the ladder. He was a man whose public spirit manifested itself in all movements for the good of the country. Politically, he was first identified with the Whig party, and then became a stanch Free-soil man, remaining so until his death. His worthy wife survived him until 1871. Six children were born to them, of whom but two are now living: Lewis and William. LEWIS BERNHARD was born on the old homestead March 20, 1823, and grew to manhood with his parents, assisting them in the duties of the farm and the maintenance of the family, his educational advantages being limited to the district school. In the fall of 1869 he married Ann Eliza McLaughlin, a daughter of James M. and Sarah J. (Kerr) McLaughlin, and in the following spring located on their present farm adjoining the homestead. The farm of 160 acres is well improved, and has a handsome residence. Five children have been born to them, of whom four still survive. WILLIAM BERNHARD was born on the old homestead (where he now resides) May 8, 1825, and his early life was spent at home amidst the privations of the pioneer times. He was educated in the district schools, and, like his brother, he recalls the old log school-house where he was taught the rudiments of an education. While HARRISON COUNTY - 325 Lewis devoted his attention to the farm, William was assisting his father in the mill, and learning the trade of miller. In 1849 he marrien Jane Williams, a native of Short Creek Township, Harrison County, and a daughter of Nathan and Sarah Williams, and this union was blessed with five children, of whom two still survive. This wife dying in 1863, Mr. Bernhard married, in 1866, Nancy Johnson, and five children have been born to them. Mrs. Bernhard is a native of Jefferson County, Ohio, and a daughter of Richard and Mary (Smith) Johnson. Richard Johnson was a native of Washington County, Penn., and died in 1845; his widow survived him until 1875. The Bernhard family have long been identified with the progress and advancement of the country, and are highly respected and esteemed. The industry and enterprise of both Lewis and William are universally recognized, and are the frequent subjects of commendation by their neighbors. MRS. JAMES B. JENKINS. The Jenkins family history can be traced to Nova Scotia, where William Jenkins was born. His early life was mostly passed in farming and attending the schools of his native place. In his twenty-third year he was married to Nora Morris, with whom he came to Ohio, and in 1814 they arrived in Washington Township, Harrison County, where they purchased a farm, which they set to work to clear and render habitable. Here they reared their family, consisting of seven children. In 1849, in company with his son and several others, Mr. Jenkins started for California, but while in transit was seized with cholera and died almost immediately; Mrs. Jenkins died November 8, 1842. James B. Jenkins, one of the best known citizens of Harrison County, was born December 5, 1819, in Washington Township, and his youth was spent in the home duties which he assisted in performing. In 1849, thinking to better his fortune, he went to California, where he remained two years, making a remarkable success. He then returned home and engaged in business, but, one misfortune after another happening, he soon lost all he had made. Nothing daunted, however, he started again for California, this time remaining four years, and was successful. Returning, he purchased a large tract of land, which he greatly improved. He was a self-made man, and one whose many excellent qualities endeared him to his fellow-citizens. Of irreproachable character and honesty, he was highly respected and esteemed. From his earliest youth he was a Republican, and took a prominent part in the success and acts of his party. His good judgment and keen foresight rendered him an invaluable aid in the councils of his party, and although always ready to support a proper candidate, he was never persuaded to accept a nomination himself. In religious matters, no less than in others to which he turned his attention, he was an enthusiastic worker. His membership was in the Tippecanoe Methodist Episcopal Church, in which faith he died November 6, 1885. On February 13, 1845, he was married to Nancy Wright, of Tuscarawas County, Ohio, and the issue of their marriage were children, as follows: Luira, Margaret J., Alice E., Sarah, Hannah, James, John A. B. and Emma L. James Jenkins was born February 4, 1858, and has spent his whole life in Washington Township. On October 28, 1888, he was married to Emma, daughter of Bartlett Davidson, of Guernsey County. To this union was born, October 13, 1889, one child, Frank. John A. B. Jenkins was born November 7, 1863, and married December 22, 1887, to Maggie, daughter of Richard Watson, of Tuscarawas County, and to this marriage was born, March 13, 1889, one child, named Harrison. The above mentioned young men have the management of the home place, and, like their father, are energetic and progressive, destined to make a success in life. Both are stanch members of the Republican party, and have always supported it. The family are among the 326 - HARRISON COUNTY. best known in this section, and rank among the leading citizens. JOHN NEWTON HANNA is descended from one of the earliest families who set- tled in Harrison County, Ohio, and is of Scotch-Irish extraction, his ancestors having immigrated to America in an early day, some of whom came to Harrison County when the country was a wilderness. About the year 1800 one of their descendants, Samuel Hanna, came to and entered a tract of land in Short Creek Township, where he located and passed the remainder of his days, and at his death the farm became the property of his son, James Hanna, who was born upon the place in the year 1803. In 1824 he married Miss Margaret Fulton, a native of Fayette County, Penn., born there in 1803. They resided on the farm in Short Creek Township until 1859, when they both fell victims to typhoid fever, then epidemic, and died, the mother on August 10, and the father August 25 of that year. Their union had been blessed with eleven children, five of whom are now living, and the second eldest survivor is the gentleman of whom this sketch is given. John Newton Hanna was born on the original homestead and grew to maturity with his parents, receiving the advantages of the common schools and a thorough education at Franklin College, New Athens, Ohio. In 1861 he married Margaret A. Finley, a daughter of Dr. Robert Finley, a leading physician and surgeon of Mount Pleasant, Ohio. In 1867 they removed from their farm to Cadiz, where Mr. Hanna engaged in mercantile business, and was also interested in the machine shops of that place. It was during their residence there that Mrs. Hanna died, the sad event occurring in March, 1871. She was a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church. By that marriage three children were born, as follows: Flora Evangeline (deceased when aged sixteen years), James F. and Angie Gertrude. In 1878 Mr. Hanna was united in marriage with Miss Mahala Narragon, a native of Ohio, and this union has been blessed with one child, William Grimes, born in 1880. Since 1873 Mr. Hanna has resided on the original homestead, which now consists of 290 acres of finely improved land. He is one of the leading farmers of his section, and is very popular and highly respected; politically he is a Republican. MEGAW FAMILY. John Megaw, the original founder in this country, of this well-known and highly respected family, came from Ireland about the commencement of the Revolutionary War, and immediately entered the service, fighting valiantly in the cause of liberty to the close of the struggle. He was under Washington and LaFayette, and was present at all the engagements fought under their command, among which may be mentioned the battle of Brandywine, and he was among the famous number who wintered at Valley Forge. At the close of the war he became united in marriage with Jane Hamilton, who came to this country from County Tyrone, Ireland. After marriage he was successfully engaged as a traveling salesman many years, and then purchased a farm in Westmoreland County, Penn. His family were named as follows: John, Rebecca, Jane, Samuel, Sarah and James. In 1816 he moved with his family to North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, but exchanged his place there for one in Archer Township, same county, where he passed the remainder of his days; he lies buried in the Ridge Cemetery, and his wife in the old cemetery at Cadiz. They were both members of the Presbyterian Church, and in his political convictions he was a Democrat. JOHN MEGAW, the eldest of his children, and the founder proper of the present family in Harrison County, was born in Pennsylvania, February 18, 1784, and during his early life remained at home assisting in the duties of the HARRISON COUNTY - 327 farm. In 1812 he was united in marriage with Catherine, daughter of James Best, and in 1816 they came to North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, where Mr. Megaw entered a farm of 160 acres. Here they remained six years, and then exchanged this farm for one in Archer Township, where he died March 9, 1865, his remains being interred in the Ridge Cemetery at Hanover; his wife had preceded him to the grave September 9, 1847, and is also buried in the Ridge Cemetery. They were both members of the Presbyterian Church at Cadiz; in politics Mr. Megaw was a Democrat, and held many offices of honor and trust in his township. The names of their children are as follows: Samuel, Jane, Sarah, John, James, John and Jacob. SAMUEL MEGAW, the eldest of these, was born February 25, 1813, in Westmoreland County, Penn., where he passed his early childhood. After coming with his parents to this county, in 1816, he attended the district school during the season, the school-house of that day consisting of a small log cabin with slab floor, greased-paper windows, and furnished with common slab benches, the only books used being the New Testament and spelling books. On October 13, 1834, Mr. Megaw was united in marriage, with Jane, daughter of James McCombs, a resident of Pennsylvania, and to this union the following named children were born, the dates of births and deaths being given: Catherine A., October 9, 1835; Margaret M., February 26, 1837; John C., May 20, 1838, died May 30, 1864; James R., May 1, 1840; Samuel, November 10, 1841, and died September 30, 1845; Mary Jane, August 19, 1843; Eleanor, December 24, 1845; Sarah E., October 31, 1848. The mother of these children departed this life July 2, 1885, and is buried at Cadiz. The family are all members of the Presbyterian Church. Politically Mr. Megaw is a Democrat, and has held the office of trustee of of his township several years; has also been justice of the peace and land appraiser, also assessor seven consecutive years. SARAH MEGAW was born October 17, 1817, in Harrison County, Ohio, and passed her childhood with her parents on the farm in Archer Township. On December 31, 1843, she was united in marriage with William Maxwell, of the 'same township, and they located on a farm in that township until 1848, when they removed to Washington County, Iowa, where they have since resided. The following six children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Maxwell, viz.: Robert, John, William James, Catharine Jane, Nathaniel McDowell, and an infant stillborn. Of these, Robert died at or near Hanover; John was killed by the cars on the occasion of his parents' first visit after they removed to Iowa; both are buried in Ridge Cemetery, Hanover. In politics Mr. Maxwell is a Republican, and he and his wife are members of the United Presbyterian Church of Crawfordsville, Iowa. JAMES MEGAW, third son of John and Catherine (Best) Megaw, was born November 11, 1823, in Archer Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. He remained on his father's farm until the age of twenty-six years, when he commenced for his own account, and has since, by his own efforts, made life a success, both financially and socially. He is now recognized as one of the leading citizens of his township. On October 5, 1851, he was married to Elizabeth, daughter of John Mitchell, a prominent farmer of Archer Township. After marriage they settled on a farm in that township, consisting of fifty acres, to which Mr. Megaw has since added until he now has 170 acres of well-cleared land, located about two miles from Cadiz, on which stand neat and commodious buildings. Mr. and Mrs. Megaw had one child, J. M., born March 9, 1857. The wife and mother died April 7, 1880, and is buried in the cemetery at Cadiz. On October 30, 1884, Mr. Megaw married, for his second wife, Eliza Haverfield, daughter of Alexander Haverfield, of Cadiz Township. In politics Mr. Megaw is a Republican, and, while not an office seeker, is not stinting in time and money for the advancement of the principles of his party. He and his wife are members of the United Presbyterian Church at Cadiz. His son, J. NI., who 328 - HARRISON COUNTY. is a young man of excellent character, has the management of the home place. JOHN MEGAW, fourth son of John and Catherine (Best) Megaw, is also a native of Archer Township, born August 14, 1826. He grew to manhood on the home place, in the meanwhile attending the common schools of his neighborhood. In 1852 he married Sarah Jane, daughter of William Christy, her parents being among the early settlers of this county. For a few years after their marriage they remained at the home of Mr. Megaw's parents, and in 1856 they purchased the place where they now reside in Cadiz Township, the improvements on which were al] made by them. The farm is situated about one and a half miles from Cadiz, and consists of finely cultivated land, equipped with elegant and commodious buildings. To Mr. and Mrs. Megaw have been born the following named children: John, Martha Ann and Maggie Jane, who all died in 1866; and Clara Catherine and Everett Grimes. Mr. and Mrs. Megaw are prominent members of the Presbyterian Church; in politics he is a Democrat. JACOB MEGAW, youngest son of John and Catherine (Best) Megaw, was born August 21, 1829, in Archer Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and, like his brothers, passed his early life on the farm, assisting in the care and management of the same. His education, which he has since more or less improved, was limited to the primitive institutions of learning of his day. On June 22, 1867, Mr. Megaw became united in marriage with Elenor, daughter of James Robinson, and they settled on his present farm in Archer Township, where they reared the following named children: James R., born May 4, 1865; Minnie R., born February 6, 1868; John B., born May 17, 1871; Catharine, born August 9, 1873; Lawson E., born December 24, 1880. On May 21; 1882, the mother of these children died, and on February 15, 1888, the father followed her to the grave, both being interred side by side in the Ridge Cemetery at Hanover. Though not an active politician, Mr. Megaw always voted the Democratic ticket, using all honorable means to further the interests of his party. Mr. Megaw died a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Cadiz, Ohio. The farm is under the efficient management of his eldest son, James R. JOHN C. REA, now a resident of Freeport, Ohio, was born January 17, 1837, in Athens Township, Harrison County. He has always been a progressive man of his village. Having but common-school advantages, his training in his youth was somewhat limited, but, being a keen observer, a close reasoner and extensive reader, he has largely made up any deficiencies in his education, and is now one of the well-posted men of his section. In his youth he began the shoemaker's trade, and has since followed it, working in various places. In 1862 he was married to Annie, daughter of Nathan Fisher, a resident of Moorefield Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and to this union were born the following named children: Lulu,George,Laura, Charles, Harry, Mary Etta, Franklin, Maud and Carl. In politics Mr. Rea exercises his judgment, although he leans toward Republican principles; he and his family are attendants of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In April, 1861, Mr. Rea enlisted in the first company that was raised in Harrison County—Company I, Thirteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteers, it being the first company to leave Cadiz. After campaigning in West Virginia until the fall of 1861, they were assigned to the Army of the Cumberland, afterward to the Army of the Tennessee. The battles in which Mr. Rea participated were Carnifax Ferry, Cotton Mountain, Shiloh, Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Dalton, Resaca and New Hope Church. He was wounded at the battle of New Hope Church and sent to field hospital, and after the battle of Kenesaw Mountain he was sent to Chattanooga, then to Nashville, and finally to Jeffersonville, Ind. In September he was discharged from the hospital, joined his regiment at Pulaski, Tenn., and participated in the battles of Franklin and Nash- HARRISON COUNTY - 329 ville, remaining with the old company until the close of the war. His regiment was one of those sent to Texas,where it remained until December, 1865, when it was discharged, December 5, at San Antonio, Tex., and marched from there to Indianola, on Matagorda Bay, and was shipped from there by way of the gulf to New Orleans, thence by steamboat to Cairo, Ill., and from there by rail to Columbus, where our subject arrived in January, 1866, concluding a service of four years and eight months, a record rarely equaled. MRS. RACHEL COLLINS, of Moorefield Township, Harrison County, is a daughter of Henry and Maria (Furnice) Willoughby, the former of whom, a native of England, was born in 1800, a son of William Willoughby. Henry Willoughby, at the age of fourteen years, ran away from home and came to America, enlisted in the army of the United States, and served in the latter part of the War of 1812, continuing his service in the regular army for seven years, six months and eighteen days. After he left the service he made two visits to England. He was the father of ten children, named Thomas, William, Elizabeth, Sarah A. (deceased); Mary A. Davis, residing in Morrow County, Ohio; John, in Kansas; Susan Davis, in Knox County, Ohio; Samuel, in Freeport Township, Harrison Co., Ohio; Henry, in Kansas, and Rachel, our subject. Mr. Willoughby settled in Knox County, Ohio, where he remained till his death in 1882. He was a life-long member of the Church of England, and his wife was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mrs. Rachel Collins was born in Knox County, Ohio, October 14, 1831, but soon after her birth her parents removed to Morrow County, Ohio, where she received a common-school education. On August 16, 1849, she was married to Zechariah Collins, who was born April 7, 1828, a son of George and Eliza (Johnson) Collins, natives of Maryland, and by this union there were six children, as follows: George H., a merchant in Piedmont, Ohio; Nicholas B., attorney-at-law, residing in Piedmont, Ohio; Elizabeth, deceased; Annie E. Reynolds, in Sewellsville, Belmont Co.. Ohio; Parley A. Mead, in Flushing, Belmont Co., Ohio, and William, who resides at home. The father of Zechariah Collins migrated to Ohio in 1831, and settled in Moorefield Township, on the farm now owned by James Wilson. He was the father of fourteen children, by name Elizabeth, Israel, William, Amanda, Mary, Zechariah, Catharine, George P., Nicholas, Battelle, John W., Cyrena, Eliza and Thomas L. In 1850 Zechariah Collins purchased three acres of land where our subject now resides, and afterward added until the farm now contains 130 acres. In 1879 he erected the fine residence where his widow now lives. He departed this life November 12, 1884, a member of the Protestant Methodist Church. Mrs. Collins is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Their son, William, who resides with his mother, was born March 1, 1858. He attended the Hopedale College and also the Ada College, where he received a practical business education. In July, 1883, he married Miss Nancy Whitehead, of Indiana. To this union were born two sons: Arthur D., June 23, 1884, and Ernest W., January 3, 1888. The mother of these boys departed this life April 18, 1889. MRS. MARY DUNLAP, a highly respected resident of Nottingham Township, Harrison County, is a daughter of Joseph and Jane (McConnell) Rea, and was born in Green Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, December 14, 1821. Her father moved with his family to Moorefield Township, in April, 1824, thence, a few years thereafter, to Cadiz Township. On October 22, 1844, she was married to Samuel Dunlap, a native of Athens Township, Harrison County, born May 20, 1820, a son of Joseph and Sarah (Gilmer) Dunlap. [Fuller details of Mrs. Mary Dunlap' s 330 - HARRISON COUNTY. family record will be found in the sketches of A. J. Rea and Adam Dunlap, elsewhere in this volume.] In 1849 Mr. and Mrs. Dunlap purchased the farm on which Mrs. Dunlap resides at the present time, and which comprised 160 acres; in addition to this Mr. Dunlap also bought forty-five acres in Moorefield Township and ninety-five acres in Athens Township, adjoining. This land was under the careful care of Mr. Dunlap until his death, which occurred October 19, 1889, since when Mrs. Dunlap has successfully managed the estate. The children born to Samuel and Mary Dunlap are as follows: Martha J. McKibben, of Moorefield Township, Harrison County; Sarah Dickerson, of Athens Township; Mary H. Dunlap, also of Athens Township; and Clara B., who makes her home with her mother. In politics Samuel Dunlap was a Democrat. He was well known to and highly esteemed by the entire community, and his death was regarded as bringing a great loss. Mrs. Dunlap and her daughter, Clara B., are members of the Nottingham Presbyterian Church, and none are more respected by the community in which they live than they. MORRISON NICHOL GIFFIN, one of the best known farmers of Short Creek Township, Harrison County, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, April 5, 1839. His father, John Giffin, was a native of Brooke County, W. Va., and was a son of John Giffin, who was born in Scotland, but who, when an infant, was brought to America by his parents, who settled in West Virginia. The grandfather married Elizabeth Morrison, and in 1827 came to Belmont County, Ohio, settling on a farm two and one-half miles northeast of St. Clairsville, where he died in 1855, at the age of seventy-five years, having lost his wife a few years previously. Of the five sons and three daughters born to John and Elizabeth (Morrison) Giffin, Elizabeth Denham, of Belmont County, is the only one now surviving. John Giffin, the father of the subject of this sketch, was married in Belmont County, Ohio. to Jane Gordon, daughter of James and Martha (Nichol) Gordon, who were of Scotch nativity, and who died at the age of ninety-three and eighty-six years, respectively. To the union of John and Jane (Gordon) Giffin were born twelve children, in the following order: John (deceased), James (deceased), Martha (Mrs. James Henderson, in Jefferson County), Elizabeth (deceased), Morrison N., Jane A., Nancy I., William G., Samuel F. (deceased), Mary E. (wife of James Hinkle, of Belmont County), Sally N. and Emma A. (deceased). The father of this family died in Belmont County, Ohio, in 1881, at the age of seventy-five years; the mother, now at the age of seventy-nine years, and still in good health, resides with her son. William 0., in Short Creek Township, Harrison County, and is, as was her husband, a consistent member of the United Presbyterian Church. Morrison N. Giffin was reared to agriculture, and at the age of twenty-four commenced farming on his own account. In September, 1874, he married in Belmont County, Miss Lucinda Neff, a native of that county, of which her parents, now both deceased, were early settlers. In 1878 Mr. Giffin came to Harrison County and settled on his present farm, which he had purchased the previous year. This farm comprises 190 acres, is well watered and highly improved. Mr. Giffin, who is recognized as one of the most skillful agriculturists of the county, gives much attention to live stock, owning a number of National Delaine sheep, of which he is a breeder; he has several well-stocked fishponds, and his barns and other outbuildings are commodious and conveniently arranged. To the marriage of Morrison N. and Lucinda Giffin have been born four children, named Harry E., Jennie M., Leslie D. and Alta B. In politics Mr. Giffin is a Prohibitionist, but in casting his ballot he permits his judgment to guide him rather than be influenced by party dictation. With his wife he is a member of the United Presbyterian Church of Cadiz. Mr. Giffin is a HARRISON COUNTY - 831 man of sound judgment, and has made his own way through the world. DAVID CHRISTY ranks among the self-made men, and is among the most favorably known of Stock Township, Harrison County. He was born in Nottingham Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, November 12, 1832, a son of Robert Christy, a native of Jefferson County, Ohio, and born in 1799. The grandfather of our subject, also named Robert, was a native of Scotland, and possessed of all the shrewdness for which that people are so well known, and which has descended in a large degree upon his grandson David. During their younger days Robert and his brother determined to come to America; so, after finishing their trades (Robert being a builder and his brother a ship carpenter) they started for the Mecca of all poor but ambitious young men, but soon after landing in New York they were separated, and never saw each other again. Soon after his arrival in America, which was in 1776, while the people were firing their guns and rejoining over the independence of the United States, Robert Christy married Margaret Marshall, a resident of New York, and to this union were born the following named children: George (who served in the Indian War of 1812), William, Robert, David (who was an advocate and lecturer for the colonization of the Southern colored people, also a printer), John (a printer), Sarah, Nancy and Margaret. In the early part of the present century the family came to Ohio, and settled on a farm in Jefferson County, which Mr. Christy conducted in conjunction with his trade, and on which he resided for many years. During the Indian invasion of Ohio, Mr. Christy enlisted in the defense of the frontier against the savage foe, and served until peace was declared. Later on, he became prominent in the settlement of Archer Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and was a' resident of that township at the time of his death, which occurred in 1830, when he was (so it is thought) ninety-eight years old. In politics he was a Whig, and always took a deep interest in the development of his adopted country. Robert Christy, son of the above and father of David Christy, our subject, was reared a farmer and was educated at the subscription schools of his day, but his attendance at these was limited to three months in the year, and very few years at that. In 1831 he married Jane M. McCleary, born in 1812, daughter of Andrew McCleary, of Jefferson County, where he died of cold plague in 1812. One brother of Mrs. Jane M. Christy, James McCleary, born in 1809, is yet living. Soon after marriage Mr. Christy settled in Nottingham Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, where he resided until his death. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Christy were as follows: David; Elizabeth, Mrs. John R. Hines, mother of the present recorder of Harrison County; Margaret, deceased; James, deceased; Sarah A., Mrs. Meredith Barrett; George, who enlisted in the Ninety-eighth 0. V. I., was wounded while in the gunboat service, having his left thumb shot off by a shell thrown by the rebels (he served twenty-eight months); Jane Anne, who was a school teacher, but is now deceased; Mary, Mrs. George Garner; Lydia C., Mrs. Elias Hinds; and Joanna Matilda, Mrs. Pickney Moore. Mr. Christy was a self-made man, having commenced life with no aid, but made a success. He was a Whig in politics, and in religion he affiliated with the United Presbyterian Church. On October 9, 1853, Robert Christy passed from earth, and his remains were laid to rest amid the scenes of his early youth. His widow, on December 28;1890, reached the advanced age of seventy-eight years, and she at present re: sides with her daughter, Mrs. Pickney Moore. George, a brother of Robert, was eighty-four years old when he died; a sister, Sarah, was eighty-three, and another sister, Nancy, was over eighty when she died. David Christy, the subject proper of this sketch, passed his boyhood life in Nottingham Township, Harrison County, and was initiated 332 - HARRISON COUNTY. into the mysteries of farming. At an early age his penchant for trading made itself manifest, and this was gratified by his parents. From boyhood he has engaged in buying all kinds of stock and selling in the eastern markets. In this traffic the inherent shrewdness of his Scotch ancestry displayed itself, and he soon became one of the most successful dealers in his section. He still carries on the trade, and conducts a farm of 350 acres, situated in Stock Township, about two miles east of Deersville, Franklin Township, Harrison County. Here the improvements were all made by himself, and consist of a large, well finished dwelling, and a finely arranged stock barn. On April 7, 1864, Mr. Christy married Miss Elizabeth Spiker, daughter of Christopher Spiker; this union has not been blessed by the birth of children, their home, however, is made bright and happy by the presence of E. C. Christy and two nieces, Lizzie Hines and Bertha J. Christy, who have every comfort they can desire. Mr. and Mrs. Christy reared Elmer C. Christy, who remained with them till he was twenty years old when he married Miss Laura B. Hines, who died one year later; E. C. Christy then returned home and lived there three years, when he married Miss Nettie Spiker; they still live on the farm. GEORGE SHIVERS, one of the representatives of the earliest settlers of Harrison County, was born November 24, 1826, in Cadiz Township. His paternal ancestors were Germans, while his maternal ancestors were Scotch. His grandfather, Shivers, came from Middletown, Penn., to Harrison County, Ohio, over a century ago, and entered a farm in Nottingham Township. After a life of unremitting toil he died on the farm which was the scene of so many hardships and pleasures. He was the father of eight children, all of whom are now dead, and he and wife now sleep in one of the cemeteries of Cadiz Township. Mr. Shivers' maternal grandparents came from Scotland at a very early date, and settled in Maryland, where they reared a family of nine children. In 1790 they came to Harrison County, and entered 160 acres of land in Stock Township, where they remained until death. He and wife were both buried on the farm which they worked so hard to reclaim. John Shivers, father of the subject of our sketch, was born in Pennsylvania, and remained at home until the age of twenty-two, when he was married to Elizabeth Moore, daughter of William Moore. After marriage they settled in Cadiz Township. Eleven children were born to them, one dying in infancy. In politics Mr. Shivers was a Democrat. He was one of the hard-working men of his section, and won and retained the respect of all. At his death he was mourned by all who knew him. George Shivers remained at home until the age of ten years, when, seeing his father with great difficulty maintained his large family, he determined to make a living for himself, and engaged to work for a small sum for one of the neighboring farmers. By his courage and industry he succeeded in the undertaking, and the various vicissitudes he has undergone have tended to make him the self-reliant and independent man which he now is. Mr. Shivers received his education at a " rate " school in Cadiz Township, where he imbibed such rudiments as have stood him in good stead since. On March 4, 1852, he was married to Mary Ann, daughter of John and Eleanor (Haver-field) Blair. About 1850 he commenced working at the carpenter's trade, which he followed about eight years. He then came to Archer Township and purchased the farm on which he now resides. Nine children were the result of his marriage: Amanda, John F., James, William, Mattie, Alexander, La Fayette, Mary and Anna. Politically Mr. Shivers differs from his ancestry, who were, without exception, Democrats. He has been a school director for three years, and has declined re-election. Mr. Shivers is a self-made man, having, by hard work, industry, and good management, amassed value- HARRISON COUNTY - 333 ble property. He is held in high esteem by his neighbors and fellow-citizens. RICHARD PHILLIPS was born August 14, 1832, in Washington Township, Har¬r rison County, where he grew to manhood and received the education afforded by the common schools. This he supplemented by a course of study at Hopedale Normal School, where he fitted himself for teaching, teaching his first school in Marion County, Iowa, in 1856, a profession which he followed for many years in Tuscarawas, Guernsey and Harrison Counties, meeting with unvarying success. October 1, 1862, he was married to Sarah Jane Jenkins, of West Chester, Tuscarawas County, who bore him two children: Ella J. and Belle. She lived until June 16, 1878, and September 18, 1879, Mr. Phillips was wed to Nancy Carruthers, of Harrison County, who lived until April 10, 1888. Mr. Phillips is one of the enterprising and intelligent men of his section, and has always taken an active and leading part in the educational and political movements in his locality. In his political sentiments he is a Democrat, and has ever taken an active part in the various canvasses and conventions of his section. In 1864 he was a candidate for county surveyor, running ahead of the ticket, and in 1889 he was nominated as representative of his county in the Legislature, but owing to his county being an overwhelmingly Republican one, he was not elected, although he ran over 200 votes ahead of his ticket. In his township he has held various offices, including school board clerk, and others of minor importance. Mr. Phillips is a Universalist, and is exceedingly liberal in religious matters. He believes in a good God or no God. The Phillips family originally came from England to this country about the commencement of the War of the Revolution and made their home in Pennsylvania. Richard Phillips, grandfather of Richard, the subject proper of this sketch, came to Ohio in 1803, resided in Jefferson County until 1813, and then settled in Washington Township, Harrison County, where he purchased and improved a large tract of land. In his early manhood he had married Comfort Davidson, who bore him the following children: Joseph, John, Margaret, Hannah, Lewis and Eleanor Ann. He was an enthusiastic Democrat in politics, and was many times elected by his party to positions of honor and trust in his township. With his family he was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and always cheerfully gave pecuniary and other aid toward its support. His wife died in 1835; he in December, 1856, aged eighty-four. After the death of his wife he left the Methodist Episcopal Church and held more liberal views. John Phillips, father of Richard Phillips, was born near Smithfield, Jefferson Co., Ohio, December 19, 1804, removing with his parents to Washington Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, in 1815, where he resided until his death, July 1, 1886. His wife, Eleanor Johnson was born in Wheeling, W. Va. , September 5, 1804, her parents moving the next spring to near Tippecanoe, Ohio, and in the fall of 1831 she was married to John Phillips. Mrs. Eleanor Phillips was of a real pioneer family, which had always followed the frontier. Her grandfather, James Johnson, was once captured by the Indians some time previous to 1800. In the month of June he with two of his neighbors (McIntyre and Layporte) crossed the Ohio River from Virginia, and camped on a creek now called McIntire, in Jefferson County, where they were surprised by a party of Indians. McIntire and Layporte were both killed, and Johnson was taken prisoner to Sandusky and kept there until the fall, when, by the assistance of some English traders, he was released and wandered his way back home to his family in safety, and died at the good old age of one hundred and four. He was the father of those two boys, Henry and John, who at the ages of eleven and nine, while gathering nuts in the Mingo bottoms, were captured by two Indians and wandered about with them all day 334 - HARRISON COUNTY. but made their escape at night by killing their captors. James Johnson had a large family. His son, Griffin, father of Eleanor, had twelve children of whom seven are yet alive. Of the five who died all were over seventy except one; of the seven living are all past seventy except two. They all emigrated West except Eleanor, Jemima and Nancy. Nancy and her husband, Zera Davidson, reside in Washington Township; Jemima, the wife of Joseph Phillips, died in 1888, aged seventy-eight years. WILLIAM REYNARD, one of the enterprising and successful farmers of Franklin Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, was born August 14, 1842, in the township named. His father, John Reynard, was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1806, and was a son of Marmaduke Reynard, who was also a native of England, where he was married to Mary Shaw, a native of Scotland. Their children were John, William, Marmaduke, James, Thomas, Joseph, Mary and Hannah. In 1817 Marmaduke Reynard came to America from Yorkshire, England, and, proceeding immediately to Ohio, settled in Jefferson County, where he remained until his death. He was a Whig in politics, and in religion was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The early life of John Reynard was spent in England, where he remained until eleven years of age, when his parents came to America. His education was received in the schools of his native land, and also at the schools of Jefferson County, Ohio. Reaching maturity he came to Harrison County, and was married to Julia Pittis, daughter of John and Mary Pittis. She was born in 1817 on the Isle of Wight, England. The young couple located in Franklin Township, where they remained one year, when they removed to Meigs County, Ohio, where they purchased a farm of 320 acres of entirely wild land. Erecting their log cabin, they commenced the life of the pioneer, surrounded by the woods, which were teeming with game of all kinds, and also with such animals as wolves, bears, panthers and deer. For seven years they remained there and then removed to Jefferson County, Ohio, but finally settled in Franklin Township, Harrison County, where they remained until the death of Mr. Reynard, which occurred February 4, 1864. His widow now resides in Kansas with her daughter, Mrs. Marion Hefling, near Ottawa, Franklin County. Mr. Reynard was first a Whig, then a Republican, and he and his family were members of the Presbyterian Church. His children were named William; Marmaduke; Mary D., Mrs. George Moore; Jane, Mrs. Wesley Cox; Alice E., Mrs. Marion Hefling; Julia Josephine (deceased); John W. ; Hannah, Mrs. Worthington McFadden; Nancy L., Mrs. John M. Smylie, and Thomas deceased. William Reynard, at the age of four years, moved to Meigs County, Ohio, with his parents, where they resided seven years, then returned to Little York, Jefferson Co., Ohio. Staying there one year, they purchased a farm in Franklin Township, Harrison Co. , Ohio, where they finally settled. In the summer of 1864 Mr. Reynard became a member of the One Hundred and Seventieth Regiment, Company D, 0. V. I., being called out for the space of 100 days, but it was nearly 150 days before they returned. William Reynard was married, December 27, 1866, to Margaret J., daughter of Robert Walker. Robert Walker was born in Ireland, and at the age =of seventeen came to America and settled in Washington County, Penn., where he was engaged in farming. At the age of twenty-five he was married to Jane McCullough, of Washington County, Penn., whose parents were natives of Ireland and Scotland. In 1837 Mr. and Mrs. Walker came to Ohio and settled in Washington Township, Harrison County, where Mr. Walker died December 3, 1859. Subsequently Mrs. Walker was married to Asa Miller. She died March 9, 1880, in Tippecanoe, Harrison Co., Ohio. In politics Mr. Walker was a Democrat, and he and family were members of the Methodist Episcopal HARRISON COUNTY - 335 Church at Tippecanoe. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Walker were as follows: James A., Charles M., David P., John W., Margaret J. (Mrs. William Reynard), Mary E. (deceased), William N. and Robert A. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Reynard purchased the farm on which they now reside, but went largely in debt for it, yet by steady application and economy, and good management, they have paid for it and increased the original farm to 225 acres, which they have largely improved. In politics Mr. Reynard has always identified himself with the Republican party, and has served in various township offices, in which he has always given complete satisfaction. He takes a leading part in the educational matters of his township, and has for several years served as a member of the township board of education. A Presbyterian in church matters, he •has taken an active interest in all church work, holding the positions of elder, treasurer, and, for the past twelve years, superintendent of the Sabbath-school. His family are as follows: Mary D. (Mrs. John L. Clark), Horace W., Robert W. and Evalena. JOSHUA P. WHITE, one of the representatives of the early settlers of Franklin Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, was born here November 15, 1840. His father, Joseph White, was born in Maryland, September 12, 1798. His father, Joseph White, was a private soldier serving in the Revolutionary War. He (Joseph White, Sr.) was married to Mary Fulton, and they resided in Frederick County, Md., until about 1818. They were of Scotch and Irish descent, and became the parents of the following named children: Catharine, William (deceased), Joseph and Charles. Soon after the death of her husband in Maryland, Mary White (widow of the soldier) came with her three children and settled in Harrison County, Ohio. Joseph White, her son, was married April 12, 1828, to Hannah, daughter of Joseph and Pamalah Rodgers, who also came from Maryland, and was of English- descent. After their marriage they settled on a small tract of land in Nottingham Township, Harrison County, where they lived for a few years, when they sold out and purchased a part of the farm at present occupied by his son, Joshua P. White. Joseph's mother, Mary White, made her home with him the most of the time until her death, which took place February 20, 1856. She drew a pension a few years before her death. On account of her family record being lost, her exact age was not known, but she was supposed to be about one hundred years old at her death. At the time of the settlement of the White family in Franklin Township, the land was in its primeval state,, and the woods were filled with game of various kinds. Building their log cabin, with its small windows and rudely constructed doors, they took possession of their new home, and commenced to render the place habitable and profitable. There they lived and toiled, that succeeding generations might reap the benefits. After many years of unremitting toil and economical living, they were enabled to build a more comfortable dwelling, with outbuildings of various kinds for the accommodation of their stock and produce. To Joseph White and wife were born the following named children: Jackson R., William P., Pamalah (deceased), Joseph T. (deceased), Benjamin F., Warner R., Mary Ann, Joshua P., Charles W. (deceased) and Hannah E., four of whom were soldiers in the late Rebellion. Joseph White was a Whig, politically, and also a Republican. He served his township in various capacities, and was one of its enterprising and energetic citizens. He was one of the founders of the Methodist Episcopal society at Mount Zion appointment, and was class leader in the society for nearly one-half a century, and previous to the building of the church services were held in his house. While a man who had only the advantages of the common schools, still he was of exceedingly strong and well balanced mind. September 29, 1877, Mr. White died, and was laid to rest by the side of his wife, in 336 - HARRISON COUNTY. the cemetery at Feed Springs, she having died May 17, 1866. During his minority, Joshua P. White was employed in the duties of the farm, and also in attending the common schools, where he laid the foundation of his present education. November 7, 1861, he enlisted with the Forty-third 0. V. I., Company C, as a private soldier, was sent to the Army of the Cumberland, and shared the fortune of his regiment until he was taken sick in camp on Big Bear Creek, near Iuka, Miss., some time in the month of September, 1862, when he was sent to the general hospital at Jackson, Tenn., where he remained in quite feeble health until discharged by surgeon's certificate of disability November 14, 1862. He then returned home, and, owing to delicate health, he was unable to do anything of importance until the fall of 1863, when he went to Indiana to take charge of a flock of sheep for Richard Gregg, then a prominent lawyer of Lawrenceburg, Dearborn Co., Ind. He remained with Mr. Gregg for two years, when, by request of his mother, he returned home just in time to administer to her last wants. In the spring of 1869 he went to Kansas to look after the title of some laud owned by his father; soon after he returned to Christian County, Ill., where he purchased a small farm on Buckeye Prairie, and on September 29, 1870, was married to Agnes C., daughter of William and Mary M. Glandon, who were also early settlers of Harrison County, Ohio. Joshua P. White and wife enjoyed their home on Buckeye Prairie, Ill., until the death of his younger brother, Charles, March 3, 1874, made it necessary for him to return home and take care of his father in his declining years. After three years and over of feeble health his father died, and Joshua was appointed executor of his will, and through the solicitations of the other heirs he purchased the home farm, where he and Wife and family of seven children now reside. Mr. White has always supported the Republican party, and has taken an active part in the advancement of its interests. His children are named Charley Elmer, Lura Grace, Sue Ann, Joseph Ross, Harry Semmons, Bertha Olive and Leotis A., all living and enjoying the hospitalities of the parental roof. Mr. White and family indorse the religion of his parents, and are consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is at present engaged in general farming and stock-raising on his place about two and one-half miles west of Franklin. He and family have ever been identified with the leading people of their section, and deservedly merit the respect they command. WALTER CRAIG. As an example of what may be accomplished by tireless energy, coupled with good judgment, the record of Walter Craig, of Green Township, Harrison County, is probably without an equal in the county, and, although now a man past the seven decades of life's allotted time, he is still to be found in the army of busy toilers, daily overseeing the multitudinous affairs of his extensive business; aiming not only to benefit himself, but to advance and beautify his township and county; and long after his busy brain shall have ceased to plan, and his willing hands to execute, his name will be remembered as a synonym of success in life. Mr. Craig was born in Green Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, July 4, 1819. His ancestors were originally Scottish Covenanters, who, owing to the persecution of that sect under King James, left their native land, and sought, with many others, safety in Ireland. This couple had three children, one of whom, by name Walter Craig, by occupation a weaver, married Jane McCleon. In 1791 Walter Craig and family came to America and settled at West Middletown, Penn. Their children were named as follows: David, Thomas, Ann, Beckie, William, John, Walter, Jane and Susan. Of these children John, born August 1, 1775 (who afterward became the father of our subject), was some sixteen years of age when he came with his parents to America. He grew to manhood in Pennsylvania, and married Elizabeth Johnson, HARRISON COUNTY - 339 who was born on June 23, 1781. They made their home at Hardscrabble (now West Alexandria), that State, until October, 1803, when they came to Green Township, Harrison County, (then Jefferson), and, settling on the farm now owned by Mrs. Col. Welch, built part of the house in August, 1803, which still stands on the place. He had entered a section of land at $2 per acre, and here they spent the remainder of their lives and reared their family, and here it was that the subject of this sketch was born. On August 22, 1825, John Craig died, aged fifty years. He had ever been an active man, and succeeded in increasing his original farm to a large tract. Politically he was a Whig, and served as county commissioner. His widow survived until February 28, 1864, when, at the age of eighty-three years, she followed him to the grave. She was the mother of the following named children: Jane, born June 14, 1802, was married to Joshua Hamilton, and died in 1890, aged eighty-seven years; Johnson, born December 19, 1803, and died July 14, 1888, in Harrison County, at the age of eighty-four years; Rachel, born September 16, 1805, died August 22, 1825, aged twenty years; Polly, born July 16, 1808, married Nathaniel Gilmore, of Ford County, Ill., and is now deceased; Ann, born February 22, 1811, married James Taggart, and died February 27, 1887; Rebecca, born July 27, 1813, married Andrew Patterson, of Pickaway County, Ohio, and is now deceased; William, born March 15, 1816, resided in Fulton County, Ill., and died February 8, 1872; Walter (our subject); John, born July 31, 1822, and died September 16, 1825, at the age of three years. The life of the father and mother had been full of the dangers incident to the early settlement of a wooded country, where not only the wild beasts threatened the settler, but the prowling, uncivilized Indian made existence a constant vigil. John Craig, aside from his farming, used, in the early days, to go with produce to New Orleans, proceeding thither by river, and returning overland. At this time the route was infested by robbers, one of whom, 19 named Mason, was especially daring, and it required both dispatch and skill to avoid him and return with the money obtained for the provisions; and this Mr. Craig succeeded in doing, which was thought to have shortened his days. Walter Craig, our subject, grew to manhood on his native farm. The old-time subscription schools, with their meager instruction, furnished his education, and, as soon as his strength would allow, he began to bear his portion of the farm duties. In 1844 he was married to Miss Jane Moore, of Green Township, and daughter of William and Sarah Moore, who had come to Harrison County the same year the Craig family came. Until 1846 Walter Craig and his wife remained at the old Craig homestead, and then erected and moved to his present home, which, although much improved and modernized, is the same domicile. The children born to their union were four in number, and named as follows: Sarah Jane, who died at the age of thirteen years; Amanda, the widow of Cassius M. Nichols; John, now living in Nebraska, and Lizzie, married to W. H. Oglevee, of Illinois. In 1859, at the age of thirty-five, the mother of these children died, and in 1860 Mr. Craig married Hannah Henderson, who lived until 1879, when she died, leaving one child, a son, named William; another son had been born, but died in infancy, before the mother; also a daughter named Nannie, who died when one year old. Mr. Craig owns about 900 acres of land in Harrison County, which is widely known as the Walnut Grove Stock Farm, it being devoted to the breeding and raising of fine horses, for both draft and speed; and now in his possession Mr. Craig has some of the finest horses in Harrison County, some of them inheriting thirty-seven and a half per cent of the blood of Axtell. Harrison County had long been needing suitable grounds for the holding of its annual fairs, the old grounds being too limited in extent and too deficient in buildings. Mr. Craig's active brain foresaw a way to benefit both the county and himself, and he began preparing plans for a new fair ground on his farm, 340 - HARRISON COUNTY. one mile from Cadiz, which have resulted in giving Harrison County one of the finest enclosures for am purposes in the State. The half -mile track thereon is of mathematical exactness and artistic while the numerous and excellent stables invite horsemen from far and near to send their torsos to the Walnut Grove track for training, the excellent water and good climate insuring the greatest development of speed. The buildings are commodious and modern, and, all in all, the ground is a credit to the county, and the people thereof unite in praise for the maker, a man who, while living on " borrowed time," had still the mind and energy to plan and complete a task so arduous, and the liberality to expend for his county and posterity thousands of dollars which he could never expect to regain during his remaining years. Now, in partnership with his son William, his business is conducted under the name of Craig & Son. Politically, Mr. Craig is a Republican, and, while not a strict partisan, yet generally adheres to the principles of his party. He has held in his county the office of commissioner one term, which office he filled simply from a sense of public duty, not from desire. He is a man of progressive and liberal ideas, and it is needless to state that his friends are innumerable. GEORGE M. PATTON. The Patton family, of which our subject is the only representative in Harrison County, is one ranking high in intelligence, thrift and progressiveness. The family originated in the " Emerald Isle," from whose green shores so many of America's best citizens have come. Samuel Patton, the grandfather of George M. Patton, was by birth a Scotch-Irishman, by occupation a sea-trader, being owner in part of a vessel which traded between Dublin and New York. In early manhood he became a citizen of the United States, and received a certificate of citizenship signed by President Washington. He invested his money in flax-seed, and sailed for Ireland, but the vessel was wrecked on the coast of Ireland in the year 1798. Both the vessel and cargo were lost, but Samuel saved his life by swimming to shore. He remained a few years in County Down, Ireland, where he married a Scotch girl, Jane Friar. On May 3, 1803, he and his family sailed for America. They landed at Philadelphia on August 1, being almost three months on the water, during which time many of the passengers died of small-pox. They at once proceeded to Wheeling, W. Va., where they remained during the winter. In the' spring of 1804 they moved to their farm in Belmont County, Ohio, near the junction of Wheeling and Crab Apple Creeks, then an almost unbroken wilderness. They were the parents of three children: James, William and John. James died in infancy in Ireland, John died in the seventeenth year of his age, while attending college in Cambridge, Ohio, in preparation for the gospel ministry. William Patton, the father of the subject of these lines, was born in Ireland and was yet a young lad when he came with his parents to Ohio, where, experiencing the hardships and privations of the pioneer days, he grew to manhood, a farmer on the old homestead. His advantages for acquiring an education were of necessity very limited, but nature had done much for him, by giving him an active brain, which made the most of every circumstance. Throughout his entire life, every social, political or moral question that came to him he submitted to the crucial test of reason, and it mattered not whether his decision placed him with the majority or with the minority, he hesitated not to fearlessly declare what his conscience told him was right. He took a marked interest in the politics of his day, believing that the progress of a people depends upon political status, and be never failed to do his duty at the polls until it was declared that, since he had been born in Ireland (even though at the time his father was a naturalized American citizen), he could not exercise the right of franchise without HARRISON COUNTY - 341 himself being naturalized. At this time the curse of African slavery still stained the fair name of America; and the deplorable condition of the poor serf touched a sympathetic chord in the heart of Mr. Patton, who, since be had been debarred from the rights of a citizen, refused to take the oath of allegiance, while the so-called "land of the free" tolerated slavery; but when the war-cloud had gathered and burst, and Lincoln's emancipation proclamation had gone forth, he at once took the prescribed oath, and identified himself with the Republican party, remaining in its ranks until his death, which occurred in 1874. For a life partner Mr. Patton had chosen Miss Anna, a daughter of Alexander Clark, of Belmont County, Ohio, and she survived him until 1885. They were both members of the United Presbyterian Church. She was the mother of twelve children, named as follows: Samuel (deceased), who was pastor of the United Presbyterian Church at Detroit, Mich.; Margaret, wife of Rev. J. P. Robb, of Iberia, Morrow Co., Ohio;. John, a resident of Arkansas City, Kas. ; Ellen, wife of Rev. Josiah Stephenson, in Olathe, Kas. ; Alexander C., at Springfield, Ohio; Carrie, deceased wife of Addison Lyle, of Pittsburgh, Penn.; James B., in Shepherds-town, Belmont Co., Ohio; George M., our subject; Calvin W., in St. Clairsville, Ohio; William L., in Fairpoint, Belmont Co., Ohio. ; Sylvanus (deceased), and Thomas L., also in Fairpoint, Belmont Co., Ohio. George M. Patton, born April 9, 1844, remained at the home of his parents, sharing in the general duties of the farm, and receiving the advantages of the common schools until August 5, 1862, when but a boy of eighteen he enlisted in Company B, Ninety-eighth, 0. V. I., and went to the service of his country. He participated in the various battles and skirmishes of his regiment, and at Perryville, Ky., he was wounded in the right shoulder, which necessitated his being sent back to New Albany, Ind., the journey of eighty miles being made in a wagon in one day. Three months later he re turned to the ranks and fought under Steedman in the battle of Chickamauga, under Sherman at Mission Ridge, and followed the flag of Sherman through the Atlanta campaign, the march to the sea, and up through the Carolinas to Richmond. At the battle of Atlanta he was wounded in the thigh and carried to the hospital in the city, where he remained until the city was burned and Sherman had started on his famous march. Previous to this time all the wounded in the hospital had been sent North, except Mr. Patton and one Richard Ankrim, of Carroll County, Ohio, who were retained to gratify a spirit of revenge entertained by a rebel-sympathizing ward master toward these boys, for having menacingly displayed a pair of crutches while insisting upon their right to have their clothing changed at least one-half as often as the wounded rebel soldiers, who occupied a part of the tent. Mr. Patton and Ankrim started on the march to the sea on crutches, but completed it by riding in supply wagons and on horses and mules picked up along the route. On reaching Savannah he rejoined the regiment and remained in the ranks until the close of the war, when he again resumed the peaceful occupation of the farm. On January 1, 1868, Mr. Patton was married to Miss M. Louise, daughter of Dr. John Campbell, of Uniontown, Ohio. Dr. Campbell was the son of James Campbell (a captain in the War of 1812), who had come from Washington County, Penn., to Ohio in 1803, entering a farm in Belmont County, where Dr. John Campbell was born November 21, 1804. He received his education at Franklin College, New Athens, Ohio, and began the practice of medicine in Woodsfield, Monroe Co., Ohio. On March 5, 1828, he removed to Uniontown, Belmont County. On May 11, 1830, he was united in marriage with Miss Jane Irwin, who bore him the following named children : Mary, Margaret A., James B., Rachel J., M. Louise and Martha E. Dr. Campbell was for forty-two years a ruling elder in the Presbyterian Church. In political matters he was a Democrat, and in 342 - HARRISON COUNTY. 1840 was nominated by his party for the Legislature in opposition to Judge Cowen, but his party being in the minority he was defeated. In September, 1882, at the home of our subject, where he and his wife were then visiting, he passed from earth, at the age of seventy-eight years. His faithful wife survived him until the following June, when, at the age of seventy-five years, she followed him to the grave. In the spring following their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. George M. Patton left Belmont County and came to their present home in Harrison County, situated on the Cadiz and St. Clairsville road, some two miles distant from New Athens. His farm of 160 acres of choice land is well improved, and is equipped with modern and commodious buildings, all attesting to the careful husbandry, good judgment and general thrift of their owner. Mr. and Mrs. Patton have been blessed with six children, as follows: Mary Olive, born January 16, 1869; Carrie Downing, March 20, 1870; Albert Belmont, June 8, 1872; Jay B., July 4, 1874; Margaret Keoka, October 24, 1876; Clark Campbell, November 22, 1883. Politically Mr. Patton is a Republican, and in 1886 and 1887 he represented his party in the State Legislature. He and his wife are members of the United Presbyterian Church of Unity, Belmont Co., Ohio. JAMES PI LLERS, dealer in lumber, sash doors and blinds, etc., at Bowerston, Harrison Co., Ohio, is a descendant from an early family of this region. About 1819 Daniel Pillers emigrated with his family from Washington County, Penn., to Carroll County, Ohio, where they took up a tract of Government land and located thereon. Like other pioneers they lived in their little log cabin and endured all the privations and dangers of those early days. Ten children made up this family, and the fourth child was a son, Albert, born in 1817, before his parents had left Pennsylvania. He grew to manhood, and in 1837 he married Sarah Buck, a native of Carroll County, Ohio, and whose parents, Thomas and Ann Buck, had emi grated from Washington County, Penn., about 1819. Mr. and Mrs. Pillers began life on a very limited capital, and resided in Ohio until, 1857, when they moved to Missouri, where they died, Mrs. Pillers January 11, 1872, aged fifty, eight years, and Mr. Pillers, January 9, 1877. James Pillers, son of Albert and Sarah, and of whom this sketch is given, was born in a log cabin on his father's farm in Carroll County, Ohio, January 13, 1843. When a lad of four years his parents removed to Tuscarawas County, where he resided with them, receiving such educational advantages as the early schools afforded, until he went with them to Missouri in 1857. In 1862 James Pillers enlisted in Company B, Sixty-second Regiment, Missouri State Guards, and participated in the guerrilla warfare of that State until the close of the war, when he was honorably discharged. Returning to his home he engaged at the carpenter's trade, and followed it until 1869, when, after a short stay in Christian County, Ill., he returned to his native State, where, in 1872, he married Mary Margaret Tripp, a native of Carroll County, Ohio. and a daughter of Joseph and Malinda Tripp, early pioneers there. In 1876 Mr. and Mrs. Pillers located at Bowerston, where he has engaged at his trade, has been quite an extensive contractor and builder, and has erected some of the principal buildings of the place, among which are the Methodist Episcopal Church building and the Hotel Erie. In 1885 he established his lumber yard there, and handles a large line of general building supplies. The union of. Mr. and. Mrs. Pillers has been blessed with five children, of whom three are living: Lola Dell, William Edwin and Sarah Malinda. Both parents are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which Mr. Pillers is a trustee and steward. He is a Republican, politically, and for the past several years has officiated as councilman, He is a member, also, of Centennial Lodge, No. 94, K. of P. Mr. Pillers began life in very limited circumstances, but has the satisfaction of know- HARRISON COUNTY - 343 ing that his success is due to his own personal efforts and industry. The family is highly esteemed and deservedly so. WILLIAM A. WELCH was born April 5, 1835, in Archer Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. His father, John Welch, was a native of Ireland, and at a very early age accompanied his parents to America. They settled in Pennsylvania, where they engaged in farming until 1804, when they came to Harrison County and entered a tract of land now occupied by his grandson, David Welch. Here they toiled incessantly, undergoing hardships of which we know but little, striving in various ways and in all sorts of weather to clear up their farm and rear their family. Here they remained until death called them and they returned to mother earth. John Welch spent his early life in Pennsylvania, but his manhood and later life in Archer Township, Harrison County. He married Jane McClelland, who became the mother of the following children: Mary, Elizabeth, Ann, Samuel, John, Matthew, Jane, James, David and William A. Theirs was a busy life, filled up with hard work and frugality, and care for their family. John Welch was an honest man, an enterprising citizen and a universal favorite. His political convictions coincided with those of the Republican party. He was among the founders of the Ridge Presbyterian Church, in which he was an elder for many years, and in that faith he passed away, and was soon followed by his faithful wife. Their remains now quietly rest in the cemetery of their church, where, "after life's fitful fever they sleep well." William A. Welch spent his youth in the township were he was born, and where his education was received, which, although of a primitive character, was thorough, and served as a foundation on which to lay his future culture and mental discipline. April 7, 1859, he was married to Margaret McFadden, daughter of Robert McFadden, of Harrison County. After marriage they settled in Washington Township, where they have since lived. The following named children have blessed this union: Amanda. (now Mrs. Frank Forsythe), Sadie A., Robert J., William W. and Mary V. In politics Mr. Welch still clings to the Republicans, the party of his .youth, and takes as lively an interest as ever in their welfare. In his township be has held various offices, having been treasurer for eight consecutive years. Since his coming to Washington Township he has joined the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which he and his family are constant attendants and sincere workers. He has been class leader for several years, and has always given of his time and finances liberally to the success of the organization. His farm consists of 150 acres, about two miles from Tippecanoe, where he carries on general farming and stock-raising. The improvements are his own, the buildings being exceptionally good and tasty. AMASA PHILLIPS was born September 22, 1838, in Washington Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and is a son of Joseph Phillips, who was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, January 14, 1803. At the age of twelve years Joseph Phillips came with his parents to Washington Township, where his subsequent life was spent. While the educational advantages were extremely meager, still he succeeded in obtaining a fair education, and was, while quite young, employed as teacher in his own neighborhood. This he continued for several years, meeting with more than ordinary success. His summers he employed in farming and clearing his farm, and by so doing was soon enabled to abandon his professsion, which was slowly undermining his health. May 9, 1833, he was married to Jemima Johnson, and immediately settled on the farm now occupied by his son Amasa. Here he reared his family, consisting of Comfort Ann (Mrs. Warner Rogers), born August 24, 1834; Sophia, born September 10, 1836; Amasa, born September 22, 1838; 344 - HARRISON COUNTY Almeda, born May 9, 1841, died September 9, 1844; John, born June 14, 1843; Elihu, born September 26, 1846; Margaret, born June 11, 1849, died April 12, 1878; Joseph, born August 19, 1851, died December 31, 1875; Jemima, born March 23, 1858. Mr. Phillips died April 19, 1886, and Mrs. Phillips died September 3, 1888. In politics Mr. Phillips was a Democrat, and was widely read on all political and kindred subjects. While not an active politician, he was always among the counselors and advisers of his party. In church matters he was a liberal believer, and founded his belief more on reason than credulity. Intellectually well developed, he exercised a beneficent and extensive influence on the educational matters of his section. To such men is due much of the progress of which America is so proud, and the loss of such as he is ever irretrievable. Amasa Phillips received his training, both mentally and physically, on the home place. From his parents he inherited an investigating turn of mind, and has permitted no opportunity to gratify his intellectual taste to escape him. While his facilities for study have been limited, still he has done much toward laying a broad and deep foundation upon which he is rearing his castle of the mind. June 5, 1862, he was married to Elizabeth Hogue, a daughter of Mark Hogue, and the children born to this union were named George, born December 15, 1863; Warner, born June 15, 1868; Joseph, born May 10, 1872; Mark, born January 19, 1876; Elizabeth, born May 3, 1880. Mrs. Phillips died May 30, 1880. Mr. Phillips was next married to Mary Ellen Crouch, February 19, 1885, but she died August 30, 1885, and May 26, 1886, Mr. Phillips was married to Elizabeth, daughter of William Mears. ,Mr. Phillips resides on the home place, which consists of 166 acres, about one and one-half miles from West Chester, where he carries on general farming and stock-raising. For many years he has been trustee in his township, although his political sentiments are Democratic. He has also served for the past fifteen years on the school board, and has done much to raise the grade of instruction in his district. A representative of a well-known and influential family, Mr. Phillips is fully maintaining the high standard set by his ancestry. MATTHEW W. SIMPSON. From, the earliest settlement of Harrison County the Simpson family have taken an active part in the development of the section in which they resided. John Simpson was a native of Ireland, but was married in Washington County, Penn., to Mary McElroy. In 1798 he left his native land and came to America, reaching Harrison County, Ohio, about 1800, and leasing a farm near what is now Cadiz, he afterward pre-empted 160 acres in Stock Township, which at that time was entirely covered with the huge forests that bade defiance alike to the elements and to man. As an evidence of the endurance of our hardy pioneers, female as well as male, it may be mentioned that Grandmother Simpson rode horsback on one occasion from Harrison County, Ohio, to Washington County, Penn., and forded three rivers, carrying a child on her lap all the way. The family was a large one, and all settled within the limits of the county. His son, John, was born in 1814 in Stock Township, where Mr. Simpson, the father, had purchased a residence, and where he remained until his death, in 1836. John here grew to manhood, and was early initiated into the hard work that occupied so much of the time of the early settlers. The schools were of the sort whose sessions extended over only a short period of the winter. In his twenty-sixth year he was united in marriage to Margaret Law, a resident of Monroe Township, and the children born to this union comprise the following: Mary Ann, Mrs. Joseph Patterson, in Stock Township; Martha, Mrs. Robert Birney (deceased); Margaret, widow of Frank Welch; Matthew; William, in Washington Township; Frank, in Stock Township, and Ella (deceased). In his youth he united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, HARRISON COUNTY - 345 and was always a worker, both in its moral as well as the financial interests. At various times he held the offices of that society, whose duties he ever discharged conscientiously. While not active as a politician, he evinced a strong desire for the success of the principles advocated by the Republican party, and always cast his influence on that side. Financially, he was a self-made man. In 1877 he passed away, deeply mourned by all. Matthew Simpson, son of John and Margaret (Law) Simpson, was born August 20, 1846, in Stock Township, Harrison County, where nearly his whole life was spent until his marriage,which occurred September 16, 1869. His wife, Rebecca Birney, of Tippecanoe, was a daughter of John Birney. In March, 1871, they removed to their present residence in the eastern part of Washington Township. Their farm is one of the best located in that section, and is under a good state of cultivation and improvement. It consists of 240 acres, on which they carry on general farming and stock-raising. In 1887 Mr. Simpson commenced the construction of his residence, which, in many ways, is probably the finest in the county. It is situated on a level tract of about one hundred acres, and commands an extensive as well as pleasant view on all sides. It was planned entirely by Mr. Simpson, and shows consummate architectural skill and excellent taste. It is built entirely of brick, in the form of a Greek cross, with large bow windows extending to the roof. It is two stories in height, and is crowned with a magnificent slate roof, on which appear the initials of the owner. The inside is all that a connoisseur could ask. The rooms are finished in native woods—chestnut, black walnut and oak. The stairway is a marvel of beauty, and was constructed by one of the best builders of Ohio. The walls are in hard finish, delicately tinted to correspond with the prevailing hues of each room. Mr. Simpson's children were as follows: Nelson B., at home; John, deceased; Vincent, at home. Like his ancestry, Mr. Simpson has always been a Republican, and has. always strongly advocated the interests of the party, and has also done his share of the party work. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which he has held various offices. May 10,1864, at the age of seventeen, Mr. Simpson enlisted in the One Hundred and Seventieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry,was sent to the Army of the Potomac, and participated in several skirmishes, some of which were exceedingly sanguinary. He was discharged September 10, 1864, and returned home. For many years he has been engaged in stock-dealing, shipping east and west. In this line he has been uniformly successful. In his finances he has been largely a self-made man. He is representative, progressive and enterprising, and is a worthy representative of his family. J. ANDERSON. Prior to the year 1800 one Thomas Anderson came to Ohio and settled in the wilderness near where the village of Harrisville now stands, and here married Rachel Stiers, a daughter of another pioneer. They continued to reside here until death, Mr. Anderson dying in 1845 and his widow three years later. The fourth child in a family of ten children born to them was a son, Samuel. He was born in Belmont County, Ohio, September 5, 1815, and grew to maturity surrounded by all the privations and disadvantages of the pioneer days. His education was such as the subscription schools of the period afforded, but he could attend only a few weeks during the winter season. He married Araminta Stevens; whose father, Joshua Stevens, had immigrated at an early day from Maryland, and died in his adopted State at the advanced age of ninety years. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson located on a farm not far from the old homestead and began life for themselves on a capital of pluck, energy and perseverance, and Mr. Anderson has often related, as an illustration of the hard times endured by the settlers, that after he and his wife had toiled for eight years, they did not own as 346 - HARRISON COUNTY. much as eight dollars. The nearest market places in those early times were Mt. Pleasant and Wheeling, and after threshing their grain with a flail and hauling it to market, they would dispose of it at twelve and one-half cents per bushel for oats, and from twenty-five cents to fifty cents for wheat. In 1844 Mrs. Anderson died, leaving four children, three of whom are now living. At the time of her death the children were small, and they for some time made their home with their uncle and maternal grandfather. About 1846 Mr. Anderson took his two boys, and, locating on the original homestead, resided there until the time of his death, which occurred January 11, 1875, he being then sixty years of age. He had in the meantime married again, his second wife being Elizabeth Ferrell, and three children were the result of this union. Two of these children died during infancy. Mr. Anderson was known as a progressive, public spirited citizen, who was active and interested in the support and furtherance of all public improvements. He was, however, a quiet, unassuming man, and so unostentatious in his benevolence that his right hand knew not where his left hand gave, and in his death the country lost one of those brave, generous and unselfish men, who, having passed through the pioneer period, have shaped the destiny and grandeur of their country. The two sons by the first marriage, Owen and Joshua, were born near Harrisville, Ohio, in 1840 and 1842, respectively. They now own jointly and conduct the homestead in Short Creek Township. This farm of 168 acres of fertile land is all under a high state of cultivation and gives ample evidence of careful management. Both brothers grew to manhood surrounded by the privations that fell to the lot of all pioneer boys, and were taught the rudiments of an education in the log school-houses of the times, when they were able to attend school a few weeks during the winter season. In 1870 Joshua married Susanna Elliott, a native of Harrison County, and a daughter of Samuel Elliott, one of the county's pioneers, and their union has been blessed by four children. Owen and Joshua Anderson are respected members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Shepherdstown, Ohio, in which Joshua is a steward. Both brothers are Republicans. SAMUEL A. MOORE, treasurer of Harrison County, was born in Mt. Pleasant, Jefferson County, Ohio, September 22, 1843. His father, Andrew Moore, a native of Ireland, came to America and settled in Ohio. He was married to Miss Sarah McCormack; a native of Harrison County, Ohio, and they made their home in Jefferson County, where he followed the business of engineer; he died in Wheeling, W. Va., in 1848, at the age of thirty-seven years, and she in 1857, aged thirty-six years. They were the parents of seven children, of whom only two are now living: Samuel I., and Annie, wife of John A. Pittis, of Harrison County. Andrew Moore and his wife had both lived in Harrison County prior to marriage. Samuel A. Moore was five years old at the time of his father's death, and for some time he lived among strangers on a farm in Jefferson County. In 1858 he went to Wheeling, W. Va., where he learned the trade of nailer, which he followed until the breaking out of the War of the Rebellion, when, at the first call for troops, he enlisted in Company K, First West Virginia Infantry, which was sent to the Shenandoah Valley. He participated in the battles of Winchester, Second Bull Run, Cedar Mountain, Cross Keys, and New Market, at which latter he was taken prisoner June 15, 1864. After confinement in Danville and Libby prisons till February 22, 1865, he was paroled and returned to the Union lines, and was then appointed to a position in the quartermaster's department, in which he served until the close of the war. He was never wounded, but came near death by drinking from a spring (which, it is alleged, the rebels had poisoned) at the Paw Paw tunnel, necessitating a stay for some time in the hospital at Cumberland, Md. In July, 1865, receiving an HARRISON COUNTY - 347 honorable discharge, he returned to Ohio, taking up his residence in Harrison County, where for several years he attended to the work of a farm, and then went into the produce business. In October, 1885, he was elected treasurer of Harrison County, which incumbency he is at present filling, having been re-elected in 1887. Mr. Moore is a Republican, and has, for some fifteen years, taken an active part in political affairs. Since his appointment to the county treasuryship he has resided in the town of Cadiz, consequently has been unable to attend personally to his farm in Nottingham Township, which he rents. In August, 1866, Mr. Moore was married to Miss Louisa, daughter of George and Sarah Pittis, of Harrison County, who came here, the mother in 1821, and the father in 1830, and to this union have been born seven children, viz. : James J., (in Morgan County, Ind.,) and Sarah A., Eva M., Bertha, Josephine, George and Thomas Scott at home. The entire family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Cadiz. Mr. Moore is a member of the G. A. R. and of the Fraternal Mystic Circle. He is a representative self-made man, having had to rely entirely on his own resources, and today he stands in the ranks of the most esteemed citizens of the county of his adoption. WILLIAM H. BARRETT was born in I Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, June 10, 1812, and is a son of Arthur and Mary (Huff) Barrett. Arthur Barrett, the grandfather of William H., was born in Virginia in 1743, and was the father of ten children, viz. : Nancy, Susan, Hannah, Rachel, Sarah, Thomas, Arthur, David, Enos and Isaac. In 1803 Arthur Barrett, the elder, came to Ohio, passing through the section on which the town of Cadiz now stands, and on which at that time there stood a solitary log cabin. Following an Indian grail and cutting his road through the forests, he reached the forks of Brushy Fork, and here, in Cadiz Township, he entered 640 acres of land in one tract and 320 acres in another. Here he erected a log cabin, and on this land he passed the balance of his days, dying in 1828, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Arthur Barrett, son of Arthur above named, and father of William H. Barrett, was born in Virginia in 1780, and came to Ohio with his father. He married Miss Mary Huff, daughter of William Huff, a pioneer of Ohio, and a famous scout and Indian fighter. To Arthur and Mary Barrett were born four children, viz. : Meredith, now a resident of Cadiz Township, Harrison County; Lewis, deceased; William H., whose name heads this sketch, and Mary (deceased). Mrs. Mary Barrett departed this life in 1814, and Mr. Barrett, later, married Miss Elizabeth Wolf, who bore him four children, viz. : Louisa, Enos, John and David. In 1845 Arthur Barrett was called to his final rest, his widow surviving him until 1887, both dying in the Methodist Episcopal faith. William H. Barrett, the subject proper of this sketch, grow to manhood on the homestead on which he was born in Cadiz Township, Harrison County. He received a good practical business education, and in his youth learned the hatter's trade, which for a number of years he followed in Cadiz and in Salem. Relinquishing this business, however, he commenced dealing in live-stock, which he bought from his neighbors and drove to Pittsburgh, Penn., where he found a ready and profitable market. On May 25, 1837, Mr. Barrett married Miss Eliza V. Betz, of Jefferson County, daughter of William and Elizabeth Betz, who was born in 1817, and this union has been blessed with eight children, viz. : Meredith Mc., a resident of Nottingham Township, Harrison County; Marion B., at home; Brice W., a Methodist Episcopal preacher, and died in 1866, three weeks before graduation, at Mount Union, Ohio; Mary E., wife of Henry Haverfield, of Cadiz; Margaret E., wife of William Birney, in Nottingham Township; Emma E., wife of Samuel Crawford, in Cadiz; William F., at Martin's Ferry, and Flora M., at 348 - HARRISON COUNTY. home. After his marriage Mr. Barrett lived on the old homestead until 1845, when he purchased the farm on which he now resides in Nottingham Township, on the Brushy fork of Stillwater, and which comprises 334 acres. This farm was paid for with means acquired by Mr. Barrett's own industry, and is one of the best cultivated in the township. Mr. Barrett is one of the oldest citizens of the township, and his life has been spent in doing good to his fellow-men. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and his high moral character is duly appreciated by his fellow-citizens. Mr. Barrett is a self-made, hard-working man. Punotuality has been one of the rules of his life, and integrity in all things one of his life principles. As a man he stands amongst the most highly respected in the community. WILLIAM HARVEY CALDWELL, a prominent Township, is well and favorably known through out Harrison County, in which his life has been thus far spent. His ancestry were Irish, but the exact time of their coming to America has not been preserved. He was born on a farm in Green Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, August 22, 1825. His father, John Caldwell. was born in Pennsylvania, near what is called Redstone, and in his native State learned the trade of blacksmith. He was married to Miss Elizabeth Birney, who, some few years later, died in Ohio, to which State the family had removed. She left one child, Robert Reed Caldwell, who lived to the age of seventy-five years and died in Wood County, Ohio. In 1808 the father came to Ohio and settled in Green Township, Harrison County, making a home in the woods, where he ereoted a shop and continued working at his trade. Here he toiled, using the time he could spare from his trade to clear his few acres which he first possessed, and which he acquired by his own hard toil. His first settlement in the county was on the Wellsburg Road, but he removed to near Hopedale in 1828. His second marriage was with Miss Sarah, daughter of Robert Reed, and a native of Harrison County, her father having been among the early pioneers. By this union ten children were born, viz.: Samuel Mitchell Caldwell, of Clarke County, Ohio; Elizabeth Ray (Mrs. Jams Davidson), deceased; Ankrum (deceased), late of Green Township, Harrison County; William H., our subject; John, in Marshall, Kas. ; Isaac Shannon (deceased); Martha McCrea (Mrs. James English), deceased; James, in Fort Wayne, Ind. ; David Hilbert and Albert Hamilton, both in Guernsey County, Ohio. The father died December 10, 1859, on his farm near Hopedale at the age of seventy-eight years; the mother died February 16, 1871, aged eighty years. From boyhood to the grave the life of John Caldwell had been one of toil. He earnestly sought to raise his family above want, and in so doing contributed to the growth of the county in general. No man can spend a lifetime in any honest vocation without being a decided factor in the progress of his locality or county. Politically Mr. Caldwell identified himself with the Democrat party, and for years held the office of justice of the peace, and various other positions, among which were those of trustee and county commissioner. He was a member of the Union Church. William H. Caldwell remained at home until he was twenty-one years of age, when he engaged to work for a farmer at nine dollars per month, and for nine or ten years continued as a farm laborer. In the meantime, in 1856, he was married to Miss Mary Ann, daughter of Robert and Sarah Cochran, of Harrison County, Ohio. After marriage Mr. and Mrs. Caldwell resided in Green Township, Harrison County, for several years, then, selling the property he had therein accumulated, they came to Cadiz Township, and for a year he worked for his brother-in-law, Robert Cochran, after which, for some five or six years, they made their residence in Archer Township, Harrison County. It was in 1869 Mr. Caldwell came to the farm, which he now possesses, and on which his home has since been made. To HARRISON COUNTY - 349 their union no children have been born, but they opened their home to the child of others, and a foster daughter, Miss Jenette B. Quillen, now grown to womanhood, resides with them, having come to them at the age of seven years. Politically Mr. Caldwell is a Democrat, and has for a number of terms filled the positions of trustee, supervisor, and school director. On May 20, 1889, his home was destroyed by fire, but he began at once to build his present pleasant and commodious home, situated one mile and a quarter from Cadiz, Harrison County. Mr. and Mrs. Caldwell are members of the Presbyterian Church at Cadiz. JAMES STEAN BLACK, one of the rising young farmers of Green Township, Harrison County, was born November 20, 1844, ,—.J. on the farm in the northeastern corner of Green Township, that was entered by his great-grandfather, James Black, Sr. His early youth was spent largely in attending the schools of his neighborhood, and at the age of sixteen he entered Hopedale Normal School, where he remained in attendance about four years; he then entered Duff's Commercial College, at Pittsburgh, completing the course there. After his school life he returned to the farm, where he has since been engaged in general agriculture and dealing in stock. Desiring to locate, he took an extended tour through several of the western States, including Iowa and Nebraska, in 1872, but finding no place satisfactory, he re turned to Harrison County, where he has since resided. On June 6, 1878, he was united in marriage with Mattie, daughter of William Robertson, of Westmoreland County, Penn., and after marriage he settled on his present farm. One child has blessed their union, Raymond Hervey, born October 6, 1886. Owing to failing health of his wife Mr. Black and she started, May 2, 1883, on an extended tour through several of the western States, including Missouri, Kansas and Colorado, spending a year and a half at Colorado Springs, Colo. They returned home through Nebraska and Iowa, and again settled on their farm near Union Vale, in the spring of 1,886. Like his ancestry Mr. Black is a member of the Republican party; he and his wife are also members of the Presbyterian Church at Beech Spring. He is a young man, of sterling qualities, and fully retains the respect and esteem in which the family have universally been held. JAMES E. MORRISON. Among those families who by their exemplary lives have not only won the esteem, but have also performed an important part in the molding of the lives and characters of their neighbors, none are more prominently known than the Morrisons, of whom this sketch is written. The earliest known record of this family is that of one John Morrison, who was a native of County Antrim, Ireland, where be was engaged in farming, and was also a stone-mason by trade. There he married Nancy Taggart, and reared the following-named children: James, Mary, John, Nancy and Rachel. Soon after the death of their parents, Mary and John came to America. In about the year 1838 James Morrison was united in marriage with Mary Ervin, also of County Antrim, Ireland. Her parents were John and Jane (Wallace) Ervin, who were among the best families in the community, were Seceders, and were by occupation farmers. The family consisted of thirteen children—two sons and eleven daughters. In the year 1847 James Morrison, accompanied by his family and also his sister, Nancy, and her husband, Adam Harbison, came to Washington County, Penn., his sister Rachel, with her husband, William Pea- cock, coming soon after. Here he (James Morrison) engaged in farming, and was also a stone- mason, and here he remained until September 1, 1864, when he removed to Freeport Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. He purchased the farm now occupied by his son, James E. The family consisted of nine children, four of whom are living, viz. : Samuel W., Nannie C., Jennie A. and James E. (the subject proper of this