(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE)

400 - HARRISON COUNTY. Miller, a native of Philadelphia, and of German ancestry. [See sketch of Charles J. Fox.] William S. Fox spent his boyhood and young manhood on his father's farm, but from youth he was of a studious nature, constantly in pursuit of knowledge, and after finishing his course of study at the common district school of his native township entered Hopedale College, and graduated therefrom in 1860. He then returned to his father's residence, and was for a short time engaged as a teacher, but his health failed him somewhat, which obliged him to give it up. In search of health, he went, in 1863, to the Granville Water Cure, and in 1864 spent six months in Minnesota, receiving much benefit from the trip, and then returned to Harrison County. In 1876 he chose, as his life's companion, Miss Esther J. Moore, daughter of Jeremiah and Sarah (Evans) Moore, of Clearfield County, Penn., who died at Grampian Hills, Penn. William S. Fox and his bride came to Harrison County, and in the spring following their marriage, made their home five miles and a half from Cadiz, on the Cadiz and Harrisville pike, where they have since resided. The house into which they moved was an old one, having been erected in 1845, but in 1882 it was remodeled, and now, with the addition of a new barn, their home is one of the pleasantest in Short Creek Township. The farm consists of ninety-four acres, and is in a high state of cultivation. Here Mr. Fox has for the last few years given special attention to the culture of fish, possessing now one of the best ponds in the county, well stocked with carp. The pond itself is a perfect oval in shape, arranged with mathematical precision. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Fox: Mary Moore, John Francis and Erie Esther. In political affairs Mr. Fox has always taken an active part in the interest of the Republican party, with which he has ever in his politics been identified, and of which he is likely to remain a strong supporter. Those who represent the party in his community have never failed to look to him as the promoter of measures calculated to insure its success. Religiously he is a member of the Hicksite Friends. The confidence that the people of Short Creek Township repose in Mr. Fox, and the esteem in which he is held by the community, are shown by the fact that he has held nearly every position in the gift of the people in his township, having served as township trustee seven years; was elected justice of the peace, and continuously re-elected until he had served six years in that office; in 1880 he was land appraiser; he has served in the capacity of surveyor and engineer for fifteen years, having done the surveying and computing the work of the Cadiz & Harrisville Pike; ho also for six years has been notary public, and is now serving his third term. For many years Mr. Fox has been one of the directors of the First National Bank of Cadiz. In addition to having won the confidence and respect of his fellow-citizens in more than an ordinary degree, Mr. Fox is in all respects a thoroughly-representative citizen of the county. THEODORE W. SMITH, an enterprising young farmer of North Township, Harrison County, was born in Freeport, Harrison Co., Ohio, March 17, 1846, and is a son of Thomas Smith, a native of Ireland. John Smith, the father of Thomas,brought his family to America in 1818, and entered a tract of land from Gov. Hare, in Nottingham Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, where he passed from earth; his widow died at Deersville, Ohio, at the advanced age of ninety years. They were the parents of the following hildren: Thomas (the father of our subject), Robert, William and John, all deceased; Sarah, Mrs. F. T. Simonton, of Deersville, deceased, and an infant that died unnamed. Thomas Smith passed the earlier part of his life on the home farm, sharing in the general duties pertaining to its care. As he approached his majority he went to Cadiz, Ohio, and entered the office of the Republican, where he learned the printing business, after which, in 1838, he paid a visit to Ireland for the purpose of securing HARRISON COUNTY - 401 his bride, Miss Mary Hopkins, whom he married in Bride Street Church, Dublin, in conformity with an arrangement previously made by the parents on both sides. Returning to Cadiz, Kr. Smith entered into mercantile business, and thence he moved to Freeport, Ohio, where for twenty-five years he carried on a general store. This he sold in 1863 to James Clendenning, and removed to Leesville, Carroll Co., Ohio. He next bought the farm in North Township, Harrison County, where his son, Theodore W., now lives. Here he died on February 23, 1881, aged seventy-two years, having been born May 6, 1809; his widow was born August 27, 1813, and died June 5, 1882. They were the parents of six children, as follows: Joseph J., in Cleveland, Ohio; Robert H., who died in Pittsburgh, December 12, 1885; Edward A., killed by lightning on the farm of our subject; Theodore W., whose name heads this sketch; Alice J. ,who died in Leesville, unmarried, and Sarah E., deceased wife of M. Friesbaugh. Mrs. Mary (Hopkins) Smith, a lady of marked characteristics, sociable and possessing fine conversational powers, was educated in Dublin, Ireland. Just before her death she had made arrangements to visit her only brother, Abram Hopkins, a practicing physician in Canada, and the only member of the family besides herself that had come to America. He died in 1882, leaving a family, who are residents of Canada. Theodore W. Smith was educated in the common schools of Harrison County, and assisted his father on the farm and in the mercantile business, but since coming to North Township he has followed agriculture. December 8, 1870, he married Miss Malila, daughter of James and Ann (McCarroll) English, and born in North Township, one and one-half miles from her present home. Here they resided one year. and then moved to Leesville, Carroll County, where, in company with his brother, Robert H., Mr. Smith was for four years engaged in mercantile pursuits; he then returned to his farm, which has ever since been his home. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Smith have been born three children: Alice C., Charles S. and Anna L., all at home, with their parents. This home was also shared by James Wilfred Smith, son of our subject's brother, Edward A., and born July 31, 1870. The mother of this young man died when he was but two years of age, and he was only nine years old when his father was killed by lightning. James Wilfred was a bright, intelligent young man, loved and respected by all, for his many virtues. After a lingering illness of three months he died, June 25, 1890, in the twentieth year of his age. In politics Theodore W. Smith has always been a Republican. He has lived a temperate life, but is charitable almost beyond his ability. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, toward the support of which Mr. Smith also contributes liberally. Mr. Smith is a strong advocate for the education of the young, and believes that every man should think for himself. During the Civil War he was a member of the home organization formed for the checking of the John Morgan raid, and lost a horse while in Shackleford's army. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias, and enjoys the esteem of a wide circle of friends. His farm comprises 160 acres situated on the edge of Connotton, and his pleasant dwelling was erected in 1865. JESSE B. CREW (deceased) was descended from an English family of Friends, his ancestors coming to America at an early day, and locating in Virginia. He was born in Charles City County, Va., where his parents, Robert and Nancy (Terrell) Crew, belonged to Wayne-Oak Meeting. The father, being a man of fine intelligence, was clerk of the Yearly Meeting, also superintendent and instructor in a boarding school. The subject of this sketch was the sixth child in a family of twelve children, ten of whom grew to maturity. About 1831 there occurred a negro insurrection in their neighborhood, and the worthy Quakers, 402 - HARRISON COUNTY whose religious belief prohibited them from using violence, were forced to secrete themselves in barns and outbuildings to save their lives. Selling their property at a great sacrifice, they emigrated to Ohio. So great was the sacrifice that a side-board, which, at its original purchase, cost several hundred dollars, was sold at public auction and brought but six and three-quarter cents. Thus wa their Eastern home, with all its comforts and luxuries, exchanged for one scarcely yet past the dangers and privations of a frontier settlement. The family first located in Jefferson County. On the twenty-eighth day of the twelfth month, 1837, at the Short Creek Monthly Meeting, Jesse B. Crew was united in marriage with Elizabeth H. Jenkins, and the young couple resided at Emerson, Ohio, where he followed the trade of a pump-maker. Late in the autumn of 1855 they removed to a farm near West Grove, Harrison County, where his death occurred on the thirtieth day of the seventh month, 1865. Elizabeth H. Jenkins was born near Mount Pleasant, Jefferson Co., Ohio, the seventh day of the first month, 1821, and is the youngest daughter of Israel Jenkins, a native of Virginia, who was born near Winchester the eleventh day of the eleventh month, 1779, he being a son of Jonathan and Ann (Hoge) Jenkins. He came to Ohio in the year 1800, and, locating in Jefferson County, took up a tract of land, and after having cleared a small patch and started a log cabin thereon, he returned to his boyhood home, and there, in the year 1801, married Elizabeth Horseman, who was born in Virginia the twenty-second day of the sixth month, 1785, daughter of David and Ruth (Wright) Horseman. They at once returned to Ohio, to find that the man whom Mr. Jenkins had engaged to finish the cabin had failed to do so, and but a partially-built structure awaited them. Hanging shawls and blankets over the doors and windows, however, they lay down to rest, lulled to slumber sweet by the howling of the wolves and the cries of other wild animals, with which the woods were infested. Israel Jenkins died the seventeenth day of the fifth month, 1863. He had been particularly interested in the religious and educational advancement of the country, and was one of the founders of the Short Creek and Mount Pleasant Churches. The children of this union were Ruth, who taught school several years, and died at home at the age of thirty-four; Esther, wife of Joseph Hill, of Washington County, Penn., but recently of Fulton County, Ind. ; Ann, wife of Aaron Thompson, of Mount Pleasant, Ohio; Jonathan, a self-taught man of good business capacity, and for many years a very successful merchant of Jamestown, Greene Co., Ohio; Mary, wife of Alexander White, of Portland, Jay Co., Ind. ; Hannah, wife of Samuel Custer, of Logansport, Ind. ; Elizabeth, subject of this sketch (youngest daughter); David P. (youngest son), received a liberal education at Mount Pleasant Boarding School, after which he studied law at Steubenville and Cincinnati, engaging in his chosen profession first at Cincinnati, but afterward changing place of residence as business seemed to require; he is familiarly known as Col. D. P. Jenkins, having served his country's cause as colonel of Illinois cavalry during the war; some years later he settled in (then) Washington Territory, and, manifesting a deep interest in its welfare, has done much toward its progress as a new State, where he now enjoys the fruits of his labors in a pleasant home in affluent circumstances. Since the spring of 1886 Mrs. Crew has resided in Georgetown. Her union with Mr. Crew was blessed by three children: Theophilus, who died at the age of two years; Ruth Anna, now Mrs. Asa Hoge, of Belmont County, Ohio, and Robert Terrell, of Washington County, has. Mrs. Crew was educated in part at Brownsville, Penn, and then attended the first term of the new Friends Boarding School at Mount Pleasant, Ohio, where afterward each of her surviving children attended the same school a number of terms, after which the daughter attended Hopedale Normal College, of Harrison County, and the son, Oberlin College, of Northern Ohio. HARRISON COUNTY - 403 AARON CONAWAY. In what is now Stock Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, was born October 13, 1807, Aaron Conaway, one of the oldest residents of that county. His ancestry were of the famous Conaway family of Ireland. The great-grandfather was Irish, and his wife was Scotch-Irish; they were married and lived in the State of Maryland, where their eldest son, Michael, was born in 1737. He grew to manhood on the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay, became a successful sportsman, winning prizes in contests, shooting duck on the wing, etc. He was also a sailor, commanding a small boat on the bay. One day, while crossing, his boat was struck by a cyclone that carried a waterspout, sinking the frail craft, and the passengers all went down with her, except Conaway and one other man, who rose and commenced to swim. They secured one oar to ride on, but Conaway gave it to the other man, and told him to save his life, as he had a family to support. This happened at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, and they swam till 3 o'clock the next morning, when they heard a fiddle playing on a passing ship. Having shouted for help, there was a yawl with two men in her sent to their assistance, but these men told them they could not take them in, whereupon Conaway grabbed the craft and told them to take in the other man or he would sink them. They did so, leaving him, but a long rope hung from the ship, which he got hold of, and the swift motion of the ship made him skip upon the water until he was taken in. Both were so badly exhausted that they could not stand when rescued. This adventure caused Mr. Conaway to leave the water. He was married to Miss Elizabeth Davis [Scotch] in 1779, and their eldest son, Michael, was born in 1780; was raised fourteen miles from Baltimore, and became a "market boy," riding twice a week and carrying game. He had to start at midnight in order to get to his destination in time, and he soon got so used to his horse that he slept on his back, seldom waking unless there was a stop. He came to Pennsylvania at manhood, and was married to Martha Hoagland, and then moved to Harrison County, Ohio, with his parents and wife, in 1805, They reared nine children on the farm: The eldest son, Eli, lived till twenty-seven years of age, dying from a wound in his side (he was a successful teacher). The second son, Aaron, was born in 1807, has always been a farmer, also held numerous public offices. He was married March 28, 1833, to Dorcas Busby, by whom he had fourteen children, six of whom still survive: The eldest son, Michael, is a farmer; one son fell in battle; one was killed by the cars; three sons are eminent and successful physicians in the West, viz. : John B., living in York, Neb. ; Henry 0., in Omaha, Neb., president of the Omaha Medical Institute; and Alpheus B., in New Sharon, Iowa (of these three sons it may well be said that in making their life work a success they never fail to attribute the same to the kindly influence and good counsel of their father); two daughters, R. M. Welch and C. B. Burrier, both of whom were successful teachers. One sister of Aaron, named Betsy, married G. McKinny, and reared five daughters; one brother, Henry, who was a good teacher and doctor, married Rosanna Mosholder, and by her had two daughters and one son; one sister, Susanna, married Joel Smith, and had two sons and one daughter (she still lives, now seventy-seven years old); one sister, Rachel, married Alexander Picken, and they reared five daughters and two sons; one brother, Enoch, who was a good doctor, was twice married, and left two daughters; one sister, Mary, died single; one brother, Moses, lived on the old farm, and died in October, 1800 (he was twice married, first to M. J. Crozier, by whom he had three sons, the eldest of whom, Willie, died at the age of five years; the second, Horace Mann, is a scholar and preacher; the third son, John Crozier, is a teacher and law student; the second wife of Moses Conaway, by name, Kate Gallaher, has one daughter, now five years old, Martha Stella). The ancestor on our subject's mother's side was named Hoagland. He married Mary Hooey 404 - HARRISON COUNTY. [Irish], and they reared a large family. James Hoagland was a farmer, and lived in Harrison County, Ohio, where he reared a large family. Aaron reared a family in Ashland County, Ohio; Moses lived in Holmes County, Ohio, was a strong-minded man. Martha Hoagland, mother of our subject, was the youngest; her sisters were Mary (who married Harvey Tumbleson), Jane (who went South and married) and Anna (wife of Piatt Martin). One of Grandfather Conaway's brothers is Samuel, a Methodist preacher, and another brother, Charles, was a great Methodist preacher, the first to preach on the soil of Ohio, and the first to preach in Pittsburgh; he died at the age of ninety-six years, leaving no posterity. Now, in all the history of these generations we have no knowledge of a single member who was a criminal, an imbecile, or a drunkard, while many left bright records of statesmanship or piety; several were soldiers in the Revolutionary War, or in the War of 1812-15, while a number fought on the Union side in the great Rebellion. Aaron Conaway, the subject proper of this sketch, remained at home until about nineteen years of age, when he engaged in the public works, following this for some time. After his marriage with Dorcas Busby, daughter of John Busby, a resident and prominent farmer of Archer Township, he settled on a farm near his father's, and remained there for about twenty years, when he sold out and located on a farm near Laceyville, which consisted of 176 acres, and here lived about twelve years. He then went to North Township, and after twelve years' sojourn there, removed to Archer Township, where he and his aged wife now reside, being cared for in their declining years by their youngest daughter and her husband. They are remarkably well preserved people, and have prospects of a much longer life. In politics Mr. Conaway is a Republican, and has repeatedly held offices of trust and honor in his township and county, among which may be mentioned overseer of the poor, justice of the peace (thirty-one years), appraiser of the county, district and infirmary director. These offices fully show in what esteem Mr. Conaway is held by his neighbors and fellow-citizens. His children regard him with the deepest affection—very rarely indeed is such love manifested by children for parents. They look upon their father as everything that is good, true and noble in man, and their mother as the kindest of women. Mr. and Mrs. Conaway are methbers of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and were active in the advancement of the interests of that society, as long as their age would permit; and now, at the sunset of their lives, they look forward to the future with pleasant hopes and perfect trust, and to the past with a full knowledge of having so lived as to be a benefit to mankind and an example to all. JAMES AIKEN, JR., farmer and wool buyer, Rumley Township, Harrison County, is a son of James and Jane (Scott) Aiken, the latter of whom was born in Washington County, Penn., in 1806. a daughter of Josiah Scott, a native of Scotland. James Aiken was born in Ireland in 1802, and is a son of James Aiken, Sr., a native of Ireland, who came to Washington County, Penn., in 1803, and located at a place called Hickory, where he entered 160 acres of land, and with his faithful wife endured the hardships and privations of pioneer life. Both he and his wife were members of the Presbyterian Church; he served many years in Washington County, Penn., as justice of the peace. He was the father of six children, viz. : James, deceased; John, a farmer in Chester County, Penn. ; William, a merchant in Baltimore, Md.; Alexander, a merchant in Pittsburgh, Penn.; David, a general insurance agent, in Washington, D. C., and Margaret, wife of a Mr. Agnew, in Washington County, Penn. James Aiken, father of our subject, was reared on the old farm in Washington County, Penn., and went to school about two months each winter, working on the farm in summer HARRISON COUNTY - 405 time. In 1826 he came to Jefferson, in German Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. Here he entered the cabinet shop of Josiah Scott as an apprentice, and served three years, receiving for his pay his board and part of his clothes; he also had the privilege of working two weeks in the harvest field each year, and for this work he received twenty-five cents per day. In 1829 be married his employer's daughter, and remained in the shop for some time, getting fifty cents per day, and boarding himself. He afterward started a shop of his own, and turned his attention to carpenter work, which he followed summers, working in his shop winters till 1860, when he retired on account of his health failing him. In 1870 he moved to Jewett, where he spent the remainder of his days, dying in 1885; his wife died in 1867. They were the parents of twelve children, viz. : Elizabeth, deceased; John, a preacher in Wayne County, Ind. ; Martha, deceased; Jane, wife of John Roberts, clerk in Arbaugh Bros.' store, Jewett, Ohio; Annie, wife of James Dennis, in Wellsville, Ohio; Robert, a miller in Amsterdam, Jefferson Co., Ohio; James, our subject; Samuel B., killed by the cars; Josiah, a stone mason in Jewett, Ohio; Alexander, who was wounded at Dalton, Ga., in the Civil War, and never recovered; Benjamin, killed by the cars, and George, also deceased. James Aiken, our subject, was born in Germano, Ohio, June 19, 1840, and received a practical business education at the graded school of Germano (or Jefferson). When nine years old he commenced work on the farm of his uncle in the summer, attending school in the winter. At seventeen years of age he commenced as an apprentice to learn the trade of wagon and carriage making, at which he served three years. He then entered the store of Jacob Hoobler, of Jefferson, as clerk, and here he worked two years. In 1861 he engaged in the buying of produce in company with Philip Jolly, of Jefferson, which he followed till 1864, when he settled in Jewett, Ohio, and, in company with B. P. Scott, went into the dry-goods business at the old depot of the P. C. & St. L. R. R. ; they remained together till 1867, when they dissolved partnership, and our subject continued the business alone till 1870, after which he was engaged in the raising of stock and buying wool; he is now breeding and raising fine-bred horses, Jersey cattle, as well as sheep. On March 11, 1865, Mr. Aiken married Miss Maria, daughter of Joseph and Magdaline (Hoobler) Mikesell, and the result of this union are two children: Joseph M., born September 4, 1867, and Laura A., born July 5, 1878. Our subject and wife are both members of the Lutheran Church. He is a member of the borough council of Jewett. Mr. Aiken has 125 acres of land in Rumley Township and 143 in Archer. In 1876 he built one of the finest brick houses to be found in Rumley Township. THOMAS MADDOX, one of the well-known citizen-farmers of Harrison County, was born in Short Creek Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, on June 22, 1841, a son of Wilson and Mary (Ladd) Maddox. His great-grandfather, Wilson Maddox, was a native of Virginia, and his grandfather, Thomas Maddox, also a Virginian, married Jane Freeman, and in 1825 they came to Harrison County, settling in the southeast quarter of Section 15, Short Creek Township, purchasing the land of Ellis Hoopes, which was partly improved. Here they remained until death separated them, the grandfather dying on January 5, 1838, at the age of sixty years. He was a tanner by trade until coming to Harrison County, when he took up farming. On December 30, 1858, the grandmother followed to the grave at the patriarchal age of eighty-four years. They were the parents of two children: Eliza, who died in Virginia, March 11, 1824, and Wilson, the father of our subject, who was born July 24, 1813, in Caroline County,Va. When he was some twelve years of age he came to Harrison County, Ohio, and here grew to manhood, attending the common schools of those days. On November 30, 1836, he was married to Miss Mary, daughter of 406 - HARRISON COUNTY Robert and Mary T. Ladd, and a native of Virginia, and settled on the southeast quarter of Section 15. Her parents came to Harrison County about 1831-32, and both died here, each at the age of eighty-five years; they were members of the Society of Friends. After the death of Thomas Maddox the parents of our subject returned to the home place, lately occupied by him, and here remained until 1859, when they removed to Section 14, Short Creek Township, where they spent the remainder of their lives. The same year, shortly after removing, the father died at the age of forty-five years, having been an industrious farmer all his days; he was one of the largest growers of fine wool in the county. He was a great enthusiast in all things pertaining to the public good, and was never backward in movements tending to the advancement of his county, giving largely of his means. In politics he was a Whig, and on the formation of the party became a Republican; be was a member of the Society of Friends. His widow survived him fifteen years, dying in 1874, on her fifty-sixth birthday, also a member of the Society of Friends. They had a family of four children, viz. : Eliza, now Mrs. G. B. Coutant, in Huron County, Ohio; Thomas (our subject); Mary Jane, now Mrs. Benjamin Chambers, of Short Creek Township, Harrison County, and Virginia W., now Mrs. Buchanan, of Hopedale, Harrison County. Thomas Maddox, the subject proper of this commemorative sketch, was reared to the general duties of farm life, attending in winters the common schools of his native county. In 1869, when twenty-eight years of age, he was united in marriage with Henrietta T. Hague, daughter of Henry and Sarah A. (Thompson) (Hague) Woodward, of Short Creek Township. They lived on the old home place until the death of Mrs. Maddox, which occurred January 13, 1886; she was the mother of three children, viz. : Wilson H., Annie M. and Carrie E. Selling out his portion of the home place, Mr. Maddox bought the old Isaac Thomas farm, and some three years ago he moved thereon, having made it his home ever since, being cared for by his children. Politically he was formerly a Republican, and is now a Prohibitionist; in religion he is, as was his wife, a member of the Society of ,Friends. His farm comprises eighty acres, located on the Harrisville and Cadiz Pike, in Section 19, some five miles from the county seat, and is devoted to Jersey dairy work, chiefly the manufacture of butter, and the breeding of thoroughbred cattle. Mr. Maddox is one of the progressive men of his township, a member of a family who have contributed largely to the growth of the county. He has an aunt living near Georgetown, Mrs. Edna Johnston, a sister of his mother, now in her eighty-first year, the only surviving blood relation of the former generation. ISAAC HOLMES, a son of Obadiah and Mary (Clum) Holmes, was born April 29, 1764, in the State of New Jersey. When he was a boy of not over four years of age, his parents moved with their family from New Jersey to Pennsylvania, locating for a short time near a town named Little Washington, and thence went to Virginia, settling near Wellsburg. Isaac, before marriage, filled the dangerous and responsible position of a spy, and in 1794 he was married in Virginia to Elizabeth McNabb, daughter of George and Martha McNabb, and born July 24, 1772, in the State of Maryland, in Shepherdstown, situated on the Potomac. To Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Holmes were born ten children, of whom the following is a brief record: Martha was twice married—first to Joseph Wilson, and after his death to William Leaper, whom she survived, dying at Kenton, Ohio, at the age of eighty-seven years; Clum died at the age of twenty-three years; Sarah married Jacob Millisack, and died, when aged eighty-five, at her home in Ottumwa, Iowa, where Jacob Millisack is yet living at the age of ninety-one years; Nancy died when about one year old; Mary married James Price, and they resided at Leesville, Ohio (her death occurred twenty-five years ago, but he is still living, now HARRISON COUNTY - 407 aged about ninety-one years); Susannah was married to Joseph Masters, and is at present living at Connotton, Ohio, at the age of eighty-five years, seemingly in good health, quite bright and very entertaining, being gifted with an unusually good memory; George Washington has special mention made farther on in this sketch; Samuel and his wife are still living, their residence being near Leesville, Ohio; Elizabeth is the widow of Sampson Jenkins, and is at present living in good circumstances, near Salem, Jefferson Co., Ohio; John McNabb, who was a farmer by occupation, with residence near Connotton, Ohio, died at the age of sixty-five years (he was a man of fine social qualities, nice looking, genial and generous, appreciated by all who knew him, and his death was lamented by a large circle of friends; his widow, Mrs. Emily Holmes, lives on her homestead near Des Moines, Iowa). As a family, the above named were all strong-minded, industrious people, ranking well, and deservedly highly esteemed, in the respective neighborhoods where they live or had lived. Their father had been a farmer all his life, and in 1814 he left his Virginia home, coming to Ohio and settling in the woods of what is now Carroll County, where he died June 9, 1851. In politics he was a Whig. George Washington Holmes, the seventh in order of birth of the above-named family, was born December 30, 1807, in Short Creek Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and from there he moved to Leesville, Carroll County, same State, where he grew to manhood, on the home farm. At the age of seventeen, however, he was stricken with rheumatism, which incapacitated him for the fatiguing labor of the farm, and he secured a position in a store. Later on he established himself in a general store at Mastersville (now called Connotton), North Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and while there was married, in 1837, to Mary Cripliver, and for some years continued to conduct his store; he then moved to Leesville, Carroll County, and finally, in 1843, came to the farm in North Township, Harrison County, where the family now reside, the change having been made for the benefit of his health. On this farm he lived until June 26, 1887, when he passed away, when almost eighty years of age, after an illness of eight years. His life had been a busy one, and by his own exertions and those of his faithful wife, had been a successful one, and at the time of his death he was the owner of about 500 acres of land; he loved the open air of the farm, and was a great admirer of fine horses. In politics he was a Republican, but was no office seeker. He was first married to Amanda Jenkins, and after her death to Emily Stratton. His widow, now a lady of seventy years, surrounded by her children, still resides upon the homestead. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Holmes was blessed with eleven children (all but three born on the home farm), viz. : Jacob M., deceased; Isaac C., in Columbus, Ohio; Samuel W., in Kansas; John D., Luther L., Edward S. and Mattie E., at home; Phoebe A., deceased; Mary Alice, at home; Ora A., Mrs. J. M. Harrison, in the State of Washington; and Emma, Mrs. Charles Crawford, in New Philadelphia, Ohio. The family are much respected in the township, and Mrs. Holmes enjoys the affection of all who know her. The home, which is comfortable and elegant, is situated about three miles from Scio. JONATHAN SAWVEL, a well-known farmer of Rumley Township, Harrison County, is a son of Jacob and Margaret (Epley) Sawvel, former of whom was a son of Adam Sawvel, whose father came from Germany and was among the early settlers of Pennsylvania. Adam Sawvel served in the Revolutionary War for seven years, came to Rumley Township in 1815, and settled on 102 acres in Section 33—land now owned by Jacob Colar. He was the father of four children, Mary, Christina, Michael and Jacob. Jacob Sawvel was born in York County, Penn., in 1780. When he married he moved to Adams County, Penn., where he farmed till 1827, when he came to Rumley Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. He rented a farm for one 408 - HARRISON COUNTY. year, and in 1828 bought a place of 162 acres in Section 18, Rumley Township, now owned by John Trushel. He remained on the farm till 1839, and then moved to the village of Rumley, where he conducted a hotel till 1850, when he moved to Van Buren County, Iowa, where his wife died in 1853. In the fall of 1857 he went to Texas, and at Hillsboro, Hill County, was taken sick and died. He was the father of thirteen children, as follows: Michael, a farmer in Arkansas; John, deceased; Jacob, who died in infancy; Jonathan, our subject; Emanuel, a farmer in Iowa; Jeremiah, deceased; Johanna, who lives in Iowa; Rebecca, who lives in Vinton County, Ohio, wife of Joseph Martin; Amy, wife of Isaac Kimmel, Darke County, Ohio; Elizabeth, wife of Adam Arbaugh, a farmer in Iowa; Lydia Dillin, who lives in Iowa; Sarah Ann Marrow, who lives in Iowa, and Mary A. Reniker, who also lives in Iowa. Jonathan Sawvel, our subject, was born in Adams County, Penn., December 17, 1826, and was brought by his parents to Rumley Township, Harrison County, in 1827. He was edu cated at the common schools of Rumley Township, and at seventeen years of age commenced to work out for his neighbors on their farms, driving team, etc. On January 16, 1851, he married Miss Lydia A., a daughter of John and Rosanna (Wentz) Arbaugh, and to this union were born four children, as follows: John D., a farmer in Rumley Township, Harrison County; Eliza J., wife of William Wood; a farmer in Carroll County; Emanuel L., a farmer in Rum-ley Township; Samantha J. deceased. Mr. Sawvel has always lived in Rumley Township, with the exception of one year spent in Iowa. Here his wife died in 1863, aged thirty-five years, and same year he married Miss Sarah, a daughter of Philip and Catherine (Arbaugh) Shambaugh. To this union have been born six children, as follows: William L., deceased ; Homer, in Kansas City, Mo. ; Margaret, wife of Elmer R. Hoobler, Jewett, Ohio; Mary E., at home; Gracie L. and Floyd J., deceased. Our subject and wife are active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Jewett. Mr., Sawvel is the owner of 125 acres of land, but in 1885 he moved to where he now lives on the farm of Philip Shambaugh, on Section 12, Rumley Township, Harrison County. ROBERT G. SCOTT, proprietor of the planing-mill at Germano, German Township, Harrison County, is a son of Robert and Elizabeth (Munnel) Scott. Robert Scott, Sr., was a son of Josiah Scott,who was a native of Pennsylvania, and one of the early settlers of Washington County, that State, and in that county Robert Scott, Sr., was born, about two miles from Little Washington. He grew to manhood in his native county, where he received his education in the common schools. Two of his elder brothers, James and Abraham, had been better educated, however, and became Presbyterian ministers. Robert Scott, Sr., was married in 1804, came to Ohio in 1827, settling in that part of Harrison County which now comprises a part of Carroll County, and there he died in 1830. On September 18, 1813, Robert G. Scott was born in Washington County, Penn. He received a practical business education in the public schools of his native State, and in 1827 came with his parents to Ohio, where he grew to manhood. In April, 1835, he married Miss Elizabeth Steeves, who was born in the Province of New Brunswick, Canada, in April, 1814, a daughter of Christian and Olive (Lutz) Steeves, also natives of New Brunswick, who came to Ohio in 1829, and settled in Scio, North Township, Harrison County. Our subject and wife, after their marriage, resided in various parts of Jefferson and Carroll Counties, Ohio, Mr. Scott being engaged in working at his trade, that of a carpenter, but about four years after his marriage he embarked in the milling business. He followed the army about one year during the Civil War, in the capacity of suttler, and was with Sherman in his " march to the sea." In 1872 he located in German Township, Harrison County, and 410 - HARRISON COUNTY. taking a classical course in the university, and the two youngest are residing at home with their parents. INGRAM CLARK (deceased) who in his lifetime was one of the well-known residents of Green Township, Harrison County, was born September 21, 1816, in Green Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, his father, Joseph Clark, being a native of Westmoreland County, Penn. The ancestry came from England, the bead of the family being Roger Clark, who was born in 1726, and who early in life came to America, settling in Pennsylvania, where the family remained for many generations, chiefly engaged in agricultural pursuits. James Clark was born in Cumberland County, Penn., in 1751, where he married, in 1775, Jane Jackson, a resident of the same county, and born in 1753. Soon after their marriage they removed to Westmoreland County, Penn., which was then in a wild state, and here underwent the hardships and privations of the early settlers. In addition to the various dangers which surrounded them, they were in that portion of the country where the Indian War of the Revolution was carried on. Here they remained until their removal to Jefferson County, in 1810, residing there until 1833, when he died. He was engaged in the Indian War, and served through the entire Revolutionary War with great credit to himself. Joseph Clark, the father of Ingram, was born February 12, 1778, in Westmoreland County, Penn., and in 1808 he came to. Harrison County, where he had entered a large tract of land in 1802. On November 14, 1811, he was married to Rachel Johnson, and their children were as follows: James, born January 28, 1812; Mary, born August 22, 1813; Johnson, born August 31, 1814; Ingram, born September 21, 1816; Jane, born September 26, 1818; Rachel, born March 4, 1824; Ephraim, born February 19, 1826; Joseph, born June 4, 1830; Oscar, born March 10, 1833, and Albert, born January 16, 1836. The mother of this family died at the age of sixty years, and the father October 20, 1862. In his early life Joseph Clark was engaged in river traffic, running a boat on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to New Orleans, which occupation he followed for many years. He then retired to his farm, on which he spent the remainder of his days. Ingram Clark, the subject proper of these lines, grew to manhood on the home place, engaged in the duties of the same, and attended the common schools, where he laid the foundation of his intellectual career. On February 16, 1842, he became united in marriage with Sarah, daughter of William Moore, a resident of Green Township, and soon after their marriage they settled on their present home farm, where Mr. Clark died and where the widow still resides with her daughter. The record of the children of Mr. and Mrs. Ingram Clark is as follows: Rachel, born November 10, 1842, died April 22, 1865; Alfred W., born August 27, 1845, is now in Nebraska; John, born April 12, 1849, died April 12, 1871; Joseph A., born November 16, 1852, is now in Nebraska; Clara J., born February 27, 1855, was married to Lee Johnson, and died April 22, 1880; Charles G., born July 10, 1860, is now in Nebraska; Ella B., born December 5, 1862, is now Mrs. George Mills, and lives in Green Township. On February 18, 1876, Mr. Clark died, and he now sleeps in the cemetery at Cadiz. In his political life he was always an ardent- Republican, being closely identified with all matters tending to the benefit of his county, State or nation. Among his party in his township and county he was regarded as a leader, and was well known for his political sagacity and foresight. He was very active in politics, taking a leading part. In his township he held many offices of honor and trust, among which may be named clerk and trustee. So well and satisfactorily did he discharge the duties of his office that, in 1866, he was nominated by the Republican party as their representative in the State Legislature, and was elected by a strong majority. He served through HARRISON COUNTY - 413 his term of two years with eminent success, and after his term he retired to the farm, which he carried on till death. He was engaged for many years in the provision trade, buying farm produce in the West and shipping East where he disposed of it. He was, as is his family, a member of the Presbyterian Church at Cadiz, of which for twelve years he was an elder. He was essentially a self-made man, making his success in life entirely by his own efforts. He united business sagacity with unquestioned honesty and unimpeachable integrity, and, while eminently successful in life, he did not confine himself entirely to his own business, but lent his assistance in the promotion of religious and material progressive movements in his county. BENJAMIN COVERT, who stands in the front rank of the goodly array of representative, self-made and successful agriculturists of Harrison County, is a native of the same, having been born December 20, 1821, in Athens Township. His grandfather, Morris Covert, came from Germany to New York. His father, Joseph Covert, was a native of either New Jersey or Pennsylvania, and by occupation was a farmer. In the latter State, near Uniontown, he was united in marriage, in 1813, with Miss Nancy Boyer, who had come to this country from Holland. Some time prior to the War of 1812, Joseph Covert visited Ohio, and bought 160 acres of land in what is now Harrison County, and then went to the war. After marriage. August 17, 1813, the young couple settled in their new home here, where they spent the remainder of their days. They were the parents of seven children, as follows: Morris, who died May 14, 1875, aged sixty years, eight months and twenty four days; Abraham, who died May 14, 1885; Joseph, a wealthy farmer in Cumberland, Guernsey Co., Ohio; Benjamin is spoken of more fully farther on; James Harvey, is a farmer in Athens Township; Mary died in May, 1852; Catherine is the widow of Alfred Davidson, and lives in 23 Monroe County. The father was born March 15, 1780, and died of palsy in 1843; a few years after he lost his property he got badly crippled, and was never able afterward to walk without crutches; in politics he was a Whig; the mother followed him to the grave April 8, 1858, when aged over sixty years. Benjamin Covert, the subject proper of these lines, was reared in Athens Township, and was but five years of age when he first commenced working on the farm, hoeing corn, etc. His father had sold the original farm, and bought another, paying six hundred dollars to a person who had no title, thereby losing nearly his all. He dying, the widowed mother, aided by her children, struggled on, living on the plainest of food. They did their own weaving and made their own clothes. During the winter months, for a few years, our subject attended the old log school-house of the neighborhood, and had to work hard the rest of the year. He is a natural mechanic, being able to frame and put up barns and other buildings. For a time he worked in the fields by the day, at from thirty-five to fifty cents per day wages, and for a short period by the month, cutting the grain down with the old-time sickle or scythe. On May 15, 1845, Mr. Covert, was married to Catherine Brokaw, born April 18, 1824, daughter of John and Sarah (Burwell) Brokaw, who were married. May 10, 1823, the former of whom was born December 23, 1793, and latter September 19, 1802; her father bought a farm in 1832 in Harrison County, to whioh he moved with his family, and here he died March 25, 1876, followed, in 1885, by his widow. Mrs. Covert's grandfather, George Brokaw, married, in 1777, Jane Custard, who died in 1848. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Covert removed to an old sheep-house, about a mile and a half west of New Athens, which stood on a farm he worked for another party, and some time later he purchased fifteen acres of land to which they removed, taking up their residence in the old log house, in which she had been born, and where School-house No. 16 now stands. Here they remained three 414 - HARRISON COUNTY. years, when he sold the place and bought forty acres elsewhere, on which there was no building; but in midwinter he put up a house, into which they moved when it was but half finished, and the floor of which was made of puncheons. By and by, he commenced trading in live-stock, buying and selling, in which also he made a success; he often drove stock a considerable distance, on one occasion sixty miles. In 1886 Mr. and Mrs. Covert moved into New Athens, and here built the house in which they now dwell, and about two years later, they revisited the farm, remaining only a year, however, when they returned to their new home in New Athens. Nine children have been born to this honored couple, of whom the following is a brief record: Sarah Lovina, born November 19, 1846, married when twenty-one years old, Jesse Fox, and lives in Green Township, Harrison County; Nancy Jane, born June 6, 1848, is the wife of Lorenzo D. Spech, of Athens Township; Mary R., born January 19, 1852, is married to Joseph Dolton (a Canadian), and lives in Kansas; Katherine Emily, born September 9, 1854, is the wife of John Dean, in Crawford County; Margaret Elizabeth, born September 11, 1856, was married to Gustave Peterson, of Liverpool, and died August 15, 1885, in Harrison County; Frances Louise, born March 1, 1858, married September 22, 1881, George Williams, of New Athens; William Dallas, born July 15, 1860, died February 8, 1867; Ora Elms, born April 21, 1862, married in 1880, Cyrus Able, and died in 1886, leaving one daughter, Minnie May, now living with Mr. and Mrs. Covert; Addie Zilla, born January 2, 1866, died March 11, 1866. Our subject and wife have thirty-eight grandchildren, and four great-grandchildren. In politics Mr. Covert has been a Whig, then a Democrat and finally a Republican. Some time ago, while trimming an apple tree,• he fell to the ground, whereby he has totally lost the senses of smell and hearing. He has traveled considerably, having visited the Far West four times, besides Pennsylvania. He is now the owner of five farms, viz. : Three in Harrison County, one in Crawford County (Ohio) and one in Kansas. Mrs. Covert is a member of the Presbyterian Church. CRAIG HAMILTON (deceased), who in his lifetime was one of the highly respected farmers and progressive citizens of Cadiz Township, Harrison County, was born April 16, 1825, in that county, on the farm now known as the Campbell Farm. Joshua Hamilton, his father, by occupation a farmer, was a native of Pennsylvania, born of Irish extraction (the ancestry having come to America prior to the Revolutionary War), and he was married, in Harrison County, to Miss Jane, daughter of John and Elizabeth Craig. Joshua Hamilton died in Springfield, Clarke Co., Ohio, December 17, 1870, and his wife, Jane (Craig) Hamilton, November 9, 1889. They were the parents of eleven children, nine of whom grew to maturity, and of these Craig, the subject of this sketch, grew to manhood in Harrison County. On February 21, 1850, he was united in marriage with Miss Margaret, daughter of the late Joseph Mc Fadden, of Harrison County. Soon after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Craig Hamilton removed to McLean County, Ill., where, in 1853, she died at the age of twenty-eight years, an infant son, Joshua, soon following the mother to the grave. One other child survived, Joseph McFadden Hamilton, now of Cadiz Township, Harrison County. Soon after his wife's decease Mr. Hamilton returned to Ohio, where he resumed farming, and on January 28, 1858, was married to a distant relative of his first wife, in the person of Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel and Margaret (Rankin) McFadden, of Cadiz Township, and born October 29, 1836. Her paternal grandfather, Samuel McFadden, was born in Ireland, and emigrating to America spent the remainder of his life in Harrison County, where he died in 1837, when Mrs. Hamilton was but six months old. Her maternal grandfather was Robert Rankin, a native and resident of Pennsylvania. Her father HARRISON COUNTY - 415 died in 1863 at the age of forty-eight years; her mother died July 25, 1890, in her seventy-sixth year. Their family consisted of six children, viz.: Robert, deceased; Rebecca J., widow of H. Barricklow, in Harrison County, Athens Township; Elizabeth, Mrs. Craig Hamilton; Sarah, Mrs. Albert Moore, in Moorefield; Harrison County; Margaret, Mrs. Thomas Richey, in Cadiz Township, and Samuel, on the old home farm. In 1864 Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton came to their farm, situated about two and a half miles west of the town of Cadiz. The house had been erected in 1837, and still remains, a commodious and substantial structure. Here they shared life's joys and sorrows until October 5, 1880, when death claimed the husband and father, then aged fifty-five years. He was a progressive man, whose life was one of earnest toil. He was a firm supporter of the Republican party, and had held the positions of laud appraiser and township assessor. At the time of his death his farm contained some 200 acres of choice land. Since the death of her husband Mrs. Hamilton, with her sons, has remained on the home farm. She is the mother of three children, viz. : Margaret Jane, born March 5, 1859, now the wife of Eugene Watson, in Belmont County, Ohio; Samuel Rankin, born March 17, 1863, and 'William Sherman, born September 1, 1865. Samuel and Sherman have never removed from the old home, and September 1, 1886, Samuel was united in marriage with Miss Georgiana, daughter of John and Catherine (Lowe) Dickerson (both deceased), and a native of Noble County, Ohio. JOSEPH MCFADDEN HAMILTON was born March 8, 1851, and is the only living child of Craig and Margaret Hamilton, as stated in the preceding sketch. He has given his attention to farm work, and is among the best known young farmers of Cadiz Township. He was but a mere child when his mother died, and from that time until the second marriage of his father, he remained at the home of his grandparents. He then returned to his father, and with him lived until his marriage, December 25, 1873, with Miss Rebecca Caroline Dickerson, a native of Harrison County. Her parents, Asa and Jane (Dunlap) Dickerson, were natives, respectively, of Washington County, Penn., and Harrison County, Ohio. The father when a young man came to Ohio, where he married, and both himself and wife passed to their long home in that State, he dying in 1864, at the age of fifty years, and she in 1873, aged fifty-nine years. Asa Dickerson was a stock-raiser and farmer, and was much respected by those who knew him. He had by his wife eight children, viz. : Samuel D., in Peabody, Kas. ; William H., deceased; Sarah J., deceased wife of Adam Dunlap, who is living near New Athens, Harrison County; Lydia E., Mrs. J. E. Carnahan, in Pawnee County, Neb. ; Dunlap, who died from exposure in the one-hundred-days service during the Rebellion; Granville, in Maryville, Mo. ; Rebecca C., Mrs. Joseph McFadden Hamilton, and Adam J., in Lyons, Kas. For some two years after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton remained with his father or the old farm, in the meantime erecting the house in which they now reside, and into which they moved in 1875. Of their union there is one child, Craig Dickerson, born July 7, 1889. Politically, Mr. Hamilton is a stanch Republican, and both he and his wife are members of the United Presbyterian Church at Cadiz. HUGH B. DUNLAP. In all communities are to be found men who have by their own exertions made a success of every undertaking, whether financial, social, religious or political, and of this class Hugh B. Dunlap is a member. Adam Dunlap, Sr., was born in Ireland, and came to Lancaster County, Penn., when ten years of age. He was married to Rebecca Work, of the same county, a daughter of Samuel Work, and after marriage they moved to Fayette County, Penn., where their family were all born, consisting of twelve children as 416 - HARRISON COUNTY. follows: Samuel, Sarah, William, Hester, John, Rebecca, Mary, Adam, Joseph, Robert, Rachel, and Jane (who died at the age of two years), all of whom married and raised families except the last named. Adam Dunlap, Sr., moved in 1812 to Harrison County, Ohio. His children were all farmers, and farmers and farmers' wives settled around him. In the early settlement of Harrison County, he did his part toward making it what it is to-day,, and where now are the fields on which graze sheep and cattle, there was the home of the deer, the bear, and other wild animals, and covered with trees that seemed to defy the woodman's ax. But gradually these gave way, and little by little were the fields made productive of crops, till, at the present time, their produce is rarely equaled. Mr. Dunlap was one of the active men of his community, and was foremost in what he considered his duty. He hauled the logs for the first church erected in Nottingham, and in this church he worshiped many years. In his political views he was Democratic, and brought the same good judgment to his party matters as to the other affairs of life. While not active as a politician, he was ever a strong supporter of the party. He died January 1, 1830, his wife March 9, 1846, and they now sleep side by side in Nottingham Cemetery. Adam Dunlap, Jr., was born in Fayette County, Penn., in October, 1788, and was the eighth child in order of birth, as above recorded. He married Jane Pattison, of Athens Township, Harrison County, Ohio, and they were blessed with twelve children as follows: Joseph, Hugh B., Rebecca (who died in infancy), Nancy (deceased), Mary J., Sarah A., Adam, Pattison, Samuel, John (deceased), Robert (who died in infancy), and William. Adam Dunlap, Jr., died in 1860, his wife, Jane, in 1862. Hugh B. Dunlap, the subject proper of this memoir, was born February 15, 1820, and has been a farmer all his days. His life has been one of continual honest toil, and his efforts have been crowned with success. On February 15, 1844, he was married to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Dunlap, and to them were born five children, viz. : Sarah J. (who is the wife of Samuel Clemens), Joseph G., Mary E., William A. and John P. Joseph Dunlap, the father of Elizabeth, was born October 12, 1794, and was married at the age of twenty-four years to Miss Sarah, daughter of Samuel Gilmore, and their family consisted of six children, as follows: Samuel, Adam, Elizabeth, William. Hester T. and Joseph. Sarah Dunlap died May 30, 1837, and Joseph Dunlap married in 1840, for his second wife, Mary A. Roberts, who died in 1856. Joseph Dunlap was again married. this time, in 1859, to Susan Webb. He died March 23, 1878, and his wife in August of the same year. Joseph Dunlap was buried at Nottingham, his first wife at Cadiz, his second at Athens, and his third at Dickerson's Church. Joseph Dunlap was a life-long member of the Presbyterian Church at Nottingham; was for many years trustee of his township, and took much interest in the political questions of the day. Politically Mr. Hugh B. Dunlap is a Democrat, and has always stood high in his party, but, though often solicited, would never accept nomination. He and his family are among the leading members of the Presbyterian Church at Nottingham. THOMAS D. DICKERSON was born in Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, April 20, 1850, and is a son of Joshua Dickerson. Much of Mr. Dickerson's youth was spent on the farm of his parents, where his life was much the same as that of other country boys. He attended the district schools of his neighborhood, and received the usual amount of instruction. He has, however, since leaving school, been a deep and accurate thinker, and forms his opinions only after he has exhausted all sources of information. A stanch Republican, be can clearly state why he is so. Although yet a young man, still he is regarded as one of those intelligent ones who are sure to succeed. HARRISON COUNTY - 417 On December 18, 1879, Mr. Dickerson was married to Martha, a daughter of Naomi Ely, a resident of Short Creek Township, Harrison County, and soon after their marriage they located in Wetzel County, West Va., where they remained eight years; they then came to Athens, where they have since remained. They have no family. Mr. and Mrs. Dickerson are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. They are favorites among a large circle of neighbors and acquaintances, and are well known for their hospitality and generosity. While always engaged in the duties of life, they still find time to take much enjoyment themselves and to contribute to that of others. GEORGE W. SIMMONS. About the year 1808 six brothers—John, Peter, Adam and Jacob (twins), Daniel and William Simmons—emigrated from Maryland to Ohio, and Adam and Jacob took up a section of Government land in Harrison (afterward Carroll) County, being among the earliest pioneers of that region. The two brothers served in the War of 1812, under Gen. W. H. Harrison. Carroll County was formed from Columbiana, Stark, Tuscarawas, Harrison and Jefferson Counties, in 1833, and the Simmons' land was then in Loudon Township, Carroll County. George W. Simmons, our subject, is the son of Jacob and Ann (Harding) Simmons, whose marriage in Maryland was a romantic one. Ann Harding was of a wealthy and influential family, who objected to Jacob's suit on account of his poverty, but to the maiden love's attractions were stronger than the golden inducement of riches, and an elopement followed. The young couple sought their humble home in the wilds of Ohio, and there lived happily many years, removing thence to Iowa, where they died at a ripe old age. Fourteen children were born to them, and of this number eleven grew to maturity. George W., who is the seventh child, was born in Loudon Township, Harrison (afterward Carroll) Co., Ohio, March 15, 1815, and was reared as all other pioneer children, wearing home-made clothes and shoes, and attending subscription schools in log school-houses. On April 12, 1838, he married Sophia Beadle, a native of Brownsville, Penn., who came to Ohio with her parents, John and Elizabeth Beadle, when seven years old. To this union have been born fourteen children, seven of whom are now living. Mr. Simmons served seven years in the militia—two as lieutenant and five as captain of First Company, First Regiment, Carroll County, Ohio. He was called out four days in the year, two days for officers', one day for privates' and one day for general muster. At the age of eighteen he was elected lieutenant, at the age of twenty-one, captain, and at the completion of his service he received an honorable discharge from all military duty in time of peace. During the late war he drilled a large company at home. Both Mr. and Mrs. Simmons have been life-long members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and active in Sabbath-school and church work. In 1865 they removed to Harrison County, where they have since resided in Monroe Township. In politics Mr. Simmons is a stanch Republican, but has never been an office-seeker. ELDRED G. HOLLIDAY, one of the substantial, progressive agriculturists and stock-raisers of Harrison County, was born in Freeport Township, that county, January 19, 1822. His great-grandfather, Arthur Holliday, was a native of Scotland; his grandfather, Robert Holliday, Sr., and his father, Robert Holliday, Jr., were born in Ireland. Robert Holliday, Sr., was married in Ireland to Rebecca Ramsey, who bore him nine children—five in Ireland (two of them dying there) and four in America—and of these nine only one survives, Mrs. Nancy Cooper, of Henry County, Ind. In 1793 Robert Holliday, Sr., came to America with the family he then had, and for some years lived in Cumberland Coun 418 - HARRISON COUNTY. ty, Penn., and thence moved to Westmoteland County, in the same State. In 1805 he came to Jefferson County, Ohio, and located about four miles from Steubenville, and from there, in 1815, to the western part of Harrison County, Ohio, which, at that time, was little better than a wilderness, abounding with wolves, bears, deer and other wild animals. Here they experienced all the hardships of the pioneer, living in a primitive log shanty in the dense woods, and subsisting chiefly on potatoes, at one time having to live on that esculenta for six weeks. Flour was scarcely to be had, and on one occasion, after having gone forty-two miles on horseback for one hundred pounds, Mr. Holliday's horse shied at some object in the road, causing the loss of about one-half of the coveted and needful breadstuff. Robert Holliday, Sr., was a weaver by trade, which he followed while his sons carried on the farm toward the close of his business life. He died in 1851 at the patriarchal age of ninety-three years, his wife having preceded him to the grave in 1826. His son, Robert, born August 1, 1792, in Ireland, as will be seen, was one year old when his parents brought him to America. Remaining under the parental roof, he assisted in the duties of the home farm until he was twenty-five years of age, when he removed to a house of his own on the same property. In the meantime, however he had enlisted for the War of 1812, but was not called into active service, and one of his epaulettes is still in the family possession. On March 25, 1817, he married Fannie Melton, who was born November 22, 1795, and died December 22, 1818, leaving one child, Fannie M., born November 28, 1818. Mr. Holliday then married, March 29, 1821, Miss Eliza White, born December 25, 1800, the fruit of which union was thirteen children—seven sons and six daughters—of whom eleven grew to maturity, ten marrying and having issue, and one, who was an officer on Gen. Sherman's staff, being killed at Pittsburg Landing, during the War of the Rebellion. Five of these children are yet living, two in Harrison County, viz. : Eldred G., in Cadiz, and Theodore Oscar, in Freeport Township. The parents remained on the farm until 1830, in which year they removed to Freeport, where the father commenced merchandising, keeping, in connection with his store, a hotel. Here they died, he on July 5, 1855, and. she on August 16, 1872, aged seventy-one years, seven months twenty-one days. They Were members of the Calvanistic Baptist Church, and in his political preferments he was a Democrat until 1828, when be went over to the Whigs, becoming, on the formation of the party, a Republican. Eldred G. remained at home until he was sixteen years of age, when he turned his attention to the tanning business, but this not agreeing with his health, he took up the trade of plasterer, which he followed several years in Harrison and Belmont Counties. He resided one year in Martin's Ferry, then, in 1851, moved to a farm in Harrison County, where he remained till 1883, in which year he moved to Cadiz, still retaining his farm. On January 10, 1850, in Moorefield Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, Mr. Holliday was married to Miss Mary, daughter of John and Nancy (Sharp) Cunningham, and a native of Harrison County, her grandparents having come to this part of Ohio in 1810, the grandfather walking from Fayette County, Penn., while his wife rode on horseback, carrying all their effects and her son, John. John Cunningham's father, David, died in Moorefield Township; John's grandmother's name was McLaughlin. Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Holliday five sons and two daughters of whom the following is a record: John, a minister of the First Presbyterian Church, at Zanesville, Ohio (he graduated at Monmouth, Ill., also at the Western Theological Seminary at Allegheny City, Penn., and attended one term at the Theological College at Edinburgh, Scotland); Robert, residing on the farm in Harrison County which his great-grandfather had settled; George, a farmer in Harrison. County; David, State's attorney, Kansas, with residence at Newton (he is a graduate of HARRISON COUNTY - 419 Franklin College and of the Law School of Cincinnati, Ohio); Thomas E., a missionary in India (be is a graduate of Franklin College and the United Presbyterian Theological Seminary at Allegheny City, Penn.); Laura May, attending college at Monmouth, Ill. ; Nancy Bell, at home. The entire family are members of the Presbyterian and United Presbyterian Churches; politically Mr. Holliday was a Whig, and afterward a Republican. When Morgan made his celebrated raid during the Civil War, Mr. Holliday was one of the pursuing party. Mr. Holliday has a wide circle of friends, and has the respect and esteem of all who know him. J. S. BIRNEY, farmer, German Township, Harrison County, was born May 23, 1824, on the farm where he now lives, a son of Robert and Margaret (Northhammer) Birney. Robert Birney was a native of Ireland, and in 1801 immigrated to Chester County, Penn., where he married. In 1807 he moved with his family to Harrison County (coming all the way with one horse and cart), and bought of Richard Kelley the 163 acres where our subject now lives. There was a small log cabin on the land, and here he worked all his life, clearing the land and making a home for his family. He was born about 1787, and died in 1874, having been an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for many years; his wife was born in 1795, and died in 1871. They were the parents of nine children, as follows: Mary, Zilla, Wesley, John, Asbury, all dead; Lot, a farmer in Washington County, Iowa; Elizabeth, living in Jewett, Rumley Township; Rebecca, living in Washington County, Iowa, and our subject, who has always lived on the farm. On March 10, 1847, J. S. Birney was married to Miss Susan Mummey, a daughter of Charles and Rebecca (Hedges) Mummey, of Cadiz Township, and to this union have been born six children, viz. : Margaret, deceased; Mary, married to John B. Busby; William Asbury, a farmer and stock-dealer in Cadiz; Robert M. deceased; Charles R., a minister in New Philadelphia, Ohio, and Maria B,, wife of Goliah Tedrow, a farmer in German Township. Mr. Birney is an active member of the Methodist Church. ALEXANDER B. KERR. The Kerr family trace their genealogy to Scotland, whence the grandfather of our subject, one James Kerr, emigrated to Ireland. He had married a Scotch wife, who accompanied him to the "Emerald Isle," and there died, leaving a son named Alexander Kerr, who was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, and who accompanied his father, James, to America during the early years of .the present century. They settled first near West Liberty, Ohio Co., W. Va., whore the father remained until 1850, when he removed to Harrison County, Ohio, to make his home in his declining years with his son, who had come in 1828 to Harrison County and settled upon the farm where our subject now resides. Here, in 1856, at the advanced age of eighty-eight years, the grandfather, James, died. Alexander Kerr, Sr., upon reaching manhood, married in West Virginia, Miss Mary Blair, daughter of Raunel and Annie Blair, of West Virginia. In 1828, as before mentioned, they came to Ohio to make a home, and settled upon a piece of ]and which had been entered by the wife's father. The Blair family had come early to America, and Raunel Blair was a Revolutionary soldier, who, after entering land in Ohio County, Va., passed from earth, in the State of Vermont. The land upon which Alexander Kerr and his young wife settled was entirely unimproved, and after erecting a cabin, in which to find shelter, they resolutely entered upon the work of improvement, that those who in their turn would follow them might enjoy advantages surpassing their own. They endured all the privations of those primitive days and shared together life's varied phases until 1838, when the wife was called to her reward, at the age of forty years. She had borne five children, as follows: Elizabeth, deceased; Mary, 420 - HARRISON COUNTY deceased; Jane, unmarried, living with our subject; Alexander B., Jr., and Evaline, deceased. The father survived until about 1860, when, at the age of seventy-four, he also passed away. His life had been strong in its purpose, and he evinced a zeal worthy of emulation in whatever he undertook. He identified himself with the old Abolition party, and was an active participant in the old " Underground Railroad," which was working in anti-slavery days throughout Ohio and the other States bordering the Mason & Dixon line. For several years he held the office of township trustee. For most of his life he was a member of the Presbyterian faith, and when the question of freeing the slaves began to agitate religious circles, he was among the first to split off " from the parent stem of Presbyterianism, and help in founding the so-called Free Presbyterian Church. Alexander B. Kerr, Jr., had but limited opportunities for acquiring an education, and poor as was the old log school-house of that time, he had but little time to attend it. In 1857 he was married to Miss Lucy Smith, the daughter of William and Mary Smith, and a native of Harrison County, and at once brought his bride to the homestead farm. Her father died in Washington Township, Harrison County, but her mother still resides in Steubenville, Ohio. In 1863, Mr. Kerr, responding to the call of his country for troops, enlisted in Company K, One Hundred and Seventieth 0. V. I., and went with said company to the vicinity of Washington, later to the Shenandoah Valley, where he participated in all the various engagements. He received no wounds, but being prostrated with fever was for some weeks in one of the army hospitals. Upon his recovery and the expiration of his term of enlistment he returned to Cadiz Township, and has since resided on his farm, which is situated some three and a half miles west of Cadiz, and consists of 140 acres. On September 19, 1881, the wife closed her eyes to earth at the age of forty-two years. Of their union five children were born, viz. : Horace, residing in Pittsburgh, Penn. ; Mary, at home, unmarried; William, who is married, and works on the home place; and two that died in infancy, unnamed. Since the taking of the wife and mother, the home has been cared for by the sister and daughter of our subject. Politically Mr. Kerr is a Republican, and he is a member of the G. A. R. He is universally respected. William Kerr was born July 25, 1857, and in 1881 married Miss Maria Poulson, daughter of Samuel and Sarah Poulson, of Harrison County, both of her parents being deceased. Her mother, Sarah Harrison, came to Harrison County from Ireland when fourteen years old, and upon reaching womanhood was married to Samuel Poulson. To the union of William Kerr and his wife three children have been born, namely: Henry, Clyde and William. Politically Mr. Kerr is identified with the Republican party, and is also a member of the I. 0. 0. F. of Cadiz. ROBERT L. TIMMONS, of Cadiz, Harrison County, was born in Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, in January, 1850, and is a son of Forney and Elizabeth (Lacey) Timmons. The grandfather of our subject, Charles Timmons, was American born, and did good service for his country in the War of 1812. He was a distiller, and died soon after coming from Martinsburg, Berkeley Co., W.Va., to Ohio. Forney Timmons was born in Cadiz in 1817, and was reared a farmer, but later learned pump-making, and in partnership with a brother, supplied all the country round about with the products of their labor. This industry Forney Timmons followed until about 1869, when he relinquished the business, and, in partnership with his son, built the Union Vale pike; he followed pike contracting and building until his death, which occurred in 1885, when he was aged sixty-nine years. In 1839 Forney Timmons married Miss Elizabeth Lacey, a native of Harrison County, Ohio, who bore him four children, viz. : Caroline, now wife of Charles Allen, a justice of the peace at Columbus, Ohio: Benja- HARRISON COUNTY - 421 min and Milton, in Peabody, Kas., and Robert L., our subject. Since the death of her husband Mrs. Elizabeth Timmons, now seventy years of age, has resided in Cadiz; she is a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Robert L. Timmons attended the common schools until eleven years of age, at which time the Civil War broke out, and, his brothers having entered the army, Robert began working in a stone quarry. Later he opened a hardware store and tin shop in Cadiz, which be carried on thirteen years, and then became engaged as contractor and builder of pike roads, an occupation which lad' still follows. In 1879 Robert L. Timmons married Miss Isabella A. Howard, daughter of John M. and Elizabeth Edney Howard, of Barnesville, Belmont Co., Ohio, where her father still lives, her mother being deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Timmons have been born eight children, viz. : Bessie (deceased), Harry Howard, Florence, Forney Wellington, Berenice, Lillian, Frances and Robert Clifton. Mr. Timmons in politics is Democratic. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias, also of the Masonic fraternity, and of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He has made his success in life through his own unaided exertions, and is deservedly esteemed by the citizens of Cadiz. ALLEN MAXWELL, now the sole representative in Harrison County of the original Maxwell family, who were at one time so well known in this section of the country, was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, May 7, 1817. Lord James Maxwell, of Scotland, ancestor of the Maxwell family, had two sons, James and John. Of these, James (the great-grandfather of our subject) self-banished himself during the Scottish rebellion, and came to Maryland, settling near Baltimore. He married, and had a family consisting of five sons, viz.: John, James, Hugh, George and Robert, and, of these, James (grandfather of our subject), removed to Pennsylvania, where he was married and had two sons and three daughters, as follows: John, Robert, Mary, Margaret and Jane. Of these, Robert (father of our subject) was born July 30, 1769, was married at an early age to Deborah Wierman, and came to Ohio in 1798, settling near Bloomfield, Jefferson County; he entered 200 acres of land in that county and 200 in Coshocton County; he was a carpenter by trade, an Episcopalian in religion. He had sixteen children (two of whom are living): Robert, born January 20, 1794, married June 18, 1823, died January 8, 1866; Susannah, born August 5, 1705, married October 13, 1813, died November 7, 1840; James, born April 5, 1797, married June 27, 1822, died January 13, 1860; William, born March 14, 1799, married September 10, 1828, died October 5, 1884; John, born November 5, 1800, died October 3, 1821; Mary, born June 28, 1802, died March 3, 1864; Harmon, born February 1, 1804, married May 23, 1833, and is still living; Thomas, born May 20, 1805, married August 14, 1828; Archibald, born December 2, 1806, married February 7, 1832, died October 27, 1882; David, born November 19, 1808, married April 27, 1837, died October 20, 1842; Isabelle, born September 15, 1810, married July 10, 1835, died June 21, 1872; Matilda, born June 15, 1812, died July 5, 1813; Hiram, born November 13, 1813, married November 13, 1834, died August 8, 1852; Hezekiah, born August 21, 1815, married October 5, 1843, died October 4, 1885; Allen (our subject), born May 7, 1817, married December 27, 1843; Margaret, born July 5, 1819, died June 28, 1841. Allen Maxwell resided with his parent's till 1843, when he was married to Mary Ann Bell, and they remained in Jefferson County till moving, in 1852, to Fairfield, Jefferson Co., Iowa; here they remained about six months, then returned to Jefferson County, Ohio, and in 1856 they moved to Harrison County, where they now reside. The children born to them were as follows: Francis B., born April 25, 1845, died June 26, 1845; Martha J., born May 13, 1846, was married to Henry Copeland 422 - HARRISON COUNTY. December 15, 1864, and died December 21, 1870, Jackson B., born September 4, 1849, was married, September 22, 1875, to Esther Devore; Elizabeth D., born July 13, 1852, died February 14, 1855; Nancy A., born July 10, 1855, was married to Emanuel Howard, September 28, 1876; Mary Belle, born December 2, 1857, was married, September 23, 1887, to J. F. Mattern, and died August 15, 1888; Caroline S., born May 25, 1860, died January 21, 1863; Vall A., born April 22, 1863, died November 27, 1886; an infant, born and died December 11, 1865; Orpha, born January 22, 1873. Mrs. Martha J. Copeland had four children, all yet living: Dora N., born December 13, 1865, married, November 25, 1884, to Clark Adams (they have three children: Mary V., born November 1, 1885; Samuel W., born February 29, 1888; and Henry Leroy, born November 23, 1889); Mary Elsie, born in 1867, married, February 10, 1887, to E. W. Mattern (they have two children: Wesley Lloyd, born November 9, 1887, and George Clinton, born September 23, 1889); Katie B., born May 6, 1869, married, March 15, 1888, to C. E. Kent (they have one child, Montford Howard, born August 25, 1888); Ira H., born November 15, 1870, was but an infant five weeks old when his mother died, and was raised by his grandparents. Jackson B. Maxwell had five children, two of which are living: Ina G., born September 21, 1876, and James A., born April 2, 1878. Mrs. Nancy A. Howard has two children: Albert 0., born June 27, 1877, and Madie P., born June 3, 1879. Allen Maxwell, in politics, is a Prohibitionist. WILLIAM A LIVINGSTON, one of the leading and most progressive farmers in Short Creek Township, Harrison County, was horn in Jefferson County, Ohio, May 22, 1838. William Livingston, his grandfather, was a native of New Jersey, whither his ancestry had come from Europe at an early day. He (William) was a captain in the War of 1812. He was married to Jane MeCantz, and they then moved to Jefferson County, which county he had visited when a young man. By profession he was a school teacher, and he had an interest in certain salt works.. They both died in Jefferson County, the grandmother first, and the grandfather in 1870, at the age of eighty-six years. George W. Livingston, father of our subject, was born in Smithfield, Jefferson Co., Ohio, and learned the carpentering trade, which he followed through life. In 1835 he married Nancy Manson, and they settled in Jefferson County, where, in 1840, the mother of William A. died, leaving two children, James M., in Warren Township, Jefferson Co., Ohio, and William A. For his second wife the father married Sarah Long, who survives him. In 1863 Mr. Livingston enlisted for the Civil War, and his death resulted from exposure in the service, although he lived two years after the war, dying at the age of seventy years. In politics he was a Republican. William A. Livingston, the subject proper of this memoir, grew to manhood in Jefferson County, and was reared to agricultural pursuits, receiving his education at the common schools. In 1865 he was married to Hannah, daughter of John and Malinda Daugherty, Pennsylvanians by birth, who located after marriage in Washington County, that State, where Mrs. Livingston was born. When the latter was a child the mother died, and the father followed her to the grave in April, 1885. To Mr. and Mrs. Living. ston were born four children, viz. : Cora A. (a teacher in Harrison County), John Howard, Lizzie Maud and William Frank, all at home. The parents are members of the Presbyterian Church at Adena, Jefferson County ; politically Mr. Livingston is a Republican, and at one time belonged to the Know-nothing party; he has never sought office. In 1879 he came to Harrison County with his wife, and in 1887 he purchased the old Braden Farm, in Short Creek Township, where they have since resided. The first improvements were made by Mr. Braden, and at the time the houses were built they were HARRISON COUNTY - 423 considered the best in the county; Mr. Livingston, since getting possession, has still further improved the place, which is now both elegant and commodious. He is a representative self-made man, one who started in life poor, and, by his own individual efforts, coupled with sound judgment and economy, has accumulated a comfortable competency. MRS. JANE LYLE, of New Rumley, Ohio, is a daughter of George and Elizabeth (Powell) Lewis, natives of England. George Lewis was born in 1789, and was married in 1816 to Miss Elizabeth Powell, a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Smith) Powell, who were parents of four children, viz. : James, born March 17, 1785; Jane, born May 20, 1786; Elizabeth, born August 2, 1788; and Richard, born December 30, 1789. George Lewis came to the United States in 1818, and purchased a piece of land upon which his son, Thomas Lewis, now resides, in Rumley Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. There was a gristmill upon this land, which is still (December, 1889) standing, the machinery remaining just as it was when last used in 1825. It is 18x25 feet, is one and a half stories in height, was erected by a man named Thomas Hendricks, and is, without doubt one of the oldest mills in the State of Ohio. Mr. Lewis operated this mill until 1825, as stated, when he engaged in mercantile pursuits, establishing a store in each of the following places: Rumley, Hanover, Mastersville and Demin, in which business he continued until 1830. He was well known and highly respected for his many sterling qualities of mind and heart. Mrs. Lewis was a member of the Church of England, but before her death, in 1863, she became a member of the Society of the United Brethren. To this worthy couple were born children as follows: Jane, the subject of this sketch; Eliza, deceased; Thomas, who resides in Rumley; and William, deceased. Mr. Lewis died about the year 1830. Mrs. Jane Lyle was born near Manchester, England, March 1, 1817, and was brought to Rumley Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, by her parents in 1818. She received a common-school education in the old log school-house of Rumley Township, in which fence rails were used for seats, and was reared to womanhood on the old farm. In July, 1836, she was married to William Lyle, Jr., who was born January 15, 1812, a son of William and Mary (Maholm) Lyle. The Lyles were of Irish descent. To this union were born eight children, viz. : Rosanna, wife of George Shultz, of Rumley; George, M. D., in Scio, Ohio; Elizabeth, wife of Thomas McChannel, in Kearney, Neb.; Mary, wife of the late James McNab, in Jackson County, Wis. ; Martha, still at home; Sarah E., wife of Albert D. Finnicum ; Amanda, wife of Edward L. Moore, in Cheyenne County, Neb., and her twin sister, Emma M. ; in Palestine, Tex. Mr. and Mrs. Lyle after their marriage settled near Rumley, and here Mr. Lyle departed this life in March, 1861, leaving to his family the legacy of a good name—a name untainted by the breath of suspicion or malice. Both Mr. and Mrs. Lyle were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Rumley. She resides in the village of New Rumley, and owns a farm situated about one mile distant, given her by her mother. Mrs. Lyle and one daughter, Miss Mattie Lyle, live alone amid all the comforts and peace that can be enjoyed by people whose lives are pure, and whose days have been spent in doing good. JACOB DENNIS, SR., was born October 24, 1847, in Green Township, Harrison County, Ohio. A son of Jacob Dennis, who was a native of New Jersey, born January 24, 1805. Aaron Dennis, father of Jacob Dennis, was also a native of New Jersey, to which State their ancestors had come many generations before. In his early youth Aaron Dennis married Elizabeth Breuer. He remained some time in New Jersey and then removed to Pennsylvania, and soon afterward came to Har- 424 - HARRISON COUNTY rison County, Ohio, where the remainder of his life was spent. He was a builder by trade, which he followed most of his life. His political convictions were those of the Whig party, and he and his family were members of the Society of Friends, in which belief they died. Jacob Dennis was, during his early manhood, employed with his father in the carpenter's trade, which he followed for many years. On January 9, 1827, he was married to Rebecca Lyons, who was born March 3, 1805, daughter of Samuel and Belinda Lyons, residents of Maryland. Settling in Green Township, Harrison County, soon after their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Dennis spent the remainder of their lives there. The names and dates of birth of their children are as follows: Aaron, February 14, 1828; Rachel February 23, 1830; Belinda, December 6, 1831; Samuel, March 19, 1834; John, August 15, 1836; William, November 6, 1838; Elizabeth, October 14, 1840; Abraham, February 8, 1843; Rebecca, July 27, 1845; and Jacob, October 24, 1847. In politics Mr. Dennis, unlike his father, was a believer in the principles advocated by Jefferson and Jackson. He was one of the leaders in the Democratic party and among the offices which he held for many years may be named justice of the peace and township treas urer. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Bethel for several years, and on his death, which occurred July 9, 1880, he was laid to rest in its cemetery. His wife survived him but a short time, dying in September, 1881, and was placed by his side. Jacob Dennis, our subject, remained at home and spent much of his time in the schools of his neighborhood. He early showed considerable aptitude for learning and also for trading with his playmates. As soon as he was old enough hie was made assistant to his father in the carpenter's trade, which he learned and followed until 1880. On April 22, 1869, he was united in marriage to Susanna West, a daughter of A. B. West, a resident of Harrison County, and they immediately settled in Green Township, where they have since remained. The children of this union were Stella, born February 16, 1870, died March 13, 1870; Minnie Alice, born April 9, 1871, died September 22, 1872; Rebecca Etta, born March 11, 1874, died December 1, 1879; Samuel Everitt, born December 10, 1876; Clara Olive, born November 15, 1878; Harvey Alonzo, born September 11, 1881; Jessie Steward, born October 1, 1883; Charles Victor, born January 2, 1887; and Jacob Loyd, born March 27, 1889. Mr. Dennis is engaged in general farming, but for the past few years has given his attention chiefly to stock-raising, especially to horses. Politically he is identified with the Republicans, and is one of the workers of that party. He and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Bethel, in which Mr. Dennis has been trustee for several years. The family are well known in the county, and are highly respected. H. A. MILLER, one of the young and most successful farmers of German Township, Harrison County, is a son of John and Susan (Mikesell) Miller. He was born in German Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, March 8, 1851, and received a practical business education at the common schools. He remained on the farm with his parents till March 5, 1874, when he married Miss Sarah C. Wood, who was born in Loudon Township, Carroll Co., Ohio, September 22, 1852, a daughter of Ellis and Elizabeth (Shearer) Wood, also natives of Carroll County. Joseph Wood, the father of Ellis, came from Pennsylvania, and was among the early settlers of Carroll County. Mr. Shearer, father of Elizabeth Shearer, was of German origin, and was also among the early settlers of Carroll County, Ohio. On June 20, 1875, H. A. Miller came to where he now lives, in Section No. 15, German Township. He bought the farm, containing one hundred acres, of his father, which is considered by competent judges to be one of the best farms in Harrison County. He takes pride in raising Clydesdale horses, of which he HARRISON COUNTY - 425 has six of the finest in German Township. On April 12, 1889, his buildings were all destroyed by a cyclone, excepting a portion of his house, and the damage to him by this storm would reach two thousand dollars. Among the stock killed were fine sheep, valued at two hundred dollars, one horse, valued at two hundred dollars, cattle and poultry, etc. He rebuilt at once, having now, without doubt, the best barn in German Township, it being 40x60 feet, having a fine basement, and being finished complete in every respect. No similar example of pluck and energy is on record in the township. Mr. and Mrs. H. A. Miller are both active members of the Lutheran Church, and are parents of five children: John E., Chester 0., Etta B., Homer L. and Welta R. FRE PATTON, son of M. M. Patton, was born April 12, 1862, in Burnley Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, and is the next youngest in a family of twelve children. His early life was as the usual run of farmers' children, most of the time, until he was seventeen years old, being spent in the district school. His father, believing that an education would be no detriment to his children, spared no pains to train their minds, and the result has perfectly justified the parent's opinion, as to-day his son is one of the intelligent, active and leading citizens in his neighborhood. Soon after attaining his majority, in company with his brother, Fre Patton leased the paternal farm and continued thereon until February, 1888, when he removed to the place where be now resides, one and a quarter miles southwest of Jewett, on a farm of sixty-five acres, which he purchased in 1887. He has steadily continued to improve it, and to-day has so far succeeded that no place in its vicinity is more productive. On March 11, 1886, Mr. Patton was married to Annettie V. Patterson, daughter of Capt. J. C. Patterson, one of the residents and prominent farmers of Stock Township, Harrison County. They took up their residence on the home place, where they remained until February 1, 1888, when they removed to their present home. Both himself and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church at Ridge. Mr. Patton is a Republican, and one who uses his judgment in political matters. He is widely read in matters of political economy and matters of State, and is regarded by those in his vicinity as the rising young man of his township. His library is a well selected one, and upon its shelves may be found the leading poets, novelists and historians—Bancroft, Addison, Mill, and many others of kindred character, including the best works on agriculture, floriculture, gardening, botany, sporting, domestic animals, household economy, rural architecture and kindred subjects. JEREMIAH WARNER, farmer and stock-raiser, Monroe Township, Harrison County, was born in Monroe Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, December 15, 1833. His father, Isaac Warner, was a native of Maryland, and came when a boy with his parents to Ohio, and they were among the pioneers of Monroe Township, which at that time was a part of Tuscarawas County. Isaac grew to manhood there, and married Tena Weyandt, and resided in Monroe Township until his death, which occurred September 11, 1882; Mrs. Warner is now living in her seventy-seventh year. Twelve children were born to them, ten of whom grew to maturity, and one son, Simon, who enlisted in the Forty-third 0. V. I., died in the service. Jeremiah Warner, the third child in the order of birth born to Isaac and Tena (Weyandt) Warner, grew up on the farm, and walked two miles through the woods to attend school, dressed in homespun clothing. On February 9, 1854, he married Annie Crumrine, a daughter of John and Catherine (Bowers) Crumrine, early pioneers of Monroe Township. They began farming on a small scale, but now own 130 acres of fine land. Of the two children born to this union one died in infancy; the surviving child, Simon Henry, was married September 3, 1884, 426 - HARRISON COUNTY to Thursy Florence Firebaugh, and they have one child, John Elmer, born February 17, 1888. Mr. Warner was trustee of his township for a number of years, also school director, and he was a soldier in the War of the Rebellion. The family are prominent in the neighborhood, having early settled in the township, and deservedly command the respect of all. THE PRICE FAMILY. Steward Price, the first merchant, the first postmaster and the first railroad agent at the town of Bowerston, Harrison County, was born in Harrison County, Ohio, on a farm on Plum Run, July 26, 1822, and was a son of Benjamin and Mary Price. He grew to manhood on the home farm, assisting in the maintenance of the family, while his educational advantages were limited to the subscription schools of the vicinity. On December 14, 1843, he married Miranda D., a daughter of Luther Rowley, who was a native of Pennsylvania, and an early settler of Ohio, and who kept a hotel at New Hagerstown, later engaging in farming. Mr. Price, after his marriage, resided on the Plum Run Farm for a short time, and then began ercantile business at Feed Spring, a small hamlet in Harrison County. From there, in 1851, he moved to Bowerston, the site of the village being then an almost unbroken wilderness, and used as a sugar and water camp. Here he erected a log building. which served not only as a dwelling for his family, but was the first store in the place, and remained standing until 1889. Here, for many years, he served as postmaster, and when the railroad was run through he was appointed station agent. After doing business for about ten consecutive years at this place, he removed to Tappan, Ohio, where, under the firm name of Price & Rowley, he carried on business for eight years. He then sold out, and for one year resided in New Hagerstown, whence he moved to Salem Township, Jefferson County, where he again engaged in business, continuing eighteen years. In 1882 he returned to Bowerston and founded the firm of S. Price & Sons, of which he remained the senior member until his death, which occurred September 14, 1887. Mr. Price was a lifelong and consistent member of the Presbyterian Church, in which he was a ruling elder for twenty-five years immediately preceding his death, and he had also represented the church in the general assembly and the presbytery. An earnest worker in the Sabbath-school, and many years its superintendent, his great delight seemed to rest in instructing and guiding aright the youth under his charge. He was so consistent in his observance of church discipline that every Wednesday evening he closed his store in respect to the weekly prayer-meeting. Politically, Mr. Price was First a Whig, then a Republican, and always an Abolitionist. He was a quiet and unassuming man, and sought no political prominence. He was very benevolent in his disposition; his heart went out to the soldiers of the Civil War, and many were the charities he extended to their families. Mrs. Miranda Deborah (Rowley) Price was born in Harrison County, Ohio, June 30, 1824, and is now a resident of Bowerston, the mother of the following children: Luther Rowley Price, born June 29, 1845, now a merchant at Salem, Jefferson County, Ohio; Benjamin and Ira Price, born December 1, 1853, and died February 23, 1854, and March 3, 1854, respectively; Leonard Douglass Price, born June 30, 1854; Oscar and Clarence Price (twins) born July 24, 1860. LEONARD D. PRICE, was born in Bowerston, in the old log cabin, and at the age of fifteen years entered Richmond (Ohio) College, with the intention of studying for the ministry, but ill health compelled him to abandon the idea and also to leave school. In 1872 he went to Mendota, Ill., where be began to learn the jeweler's trade; then entered the Elgin Watch Factory; returning to Mendota he remained there until 1875, when he went to Salem, Jefferson Co., Ohio, and engaged at his trade. In 1877, he came to Bowerston and established himself in business, and in 1882 be became a member of HARRISON COUNTY - 427 the firm of S. Price & Sons, of which business he is still the general manager. Mr. Price has also been clerk of Monroe Township for seven consecutive years. On August 25, 1880, Leonard D. Price married 011ie 0. Wyandt, daughter of Abraham Wyandt, and two children have blessed this union, Lloyd C. and Eulah B. Mr. and Mrs. Price are members of the Presbyterian Church, and Mr. Price is a trustee in the same at New Hagerstown; the family, however, worship at the United Brethren Church, in which Mr. Price is a chorister, and very prominent in Sabbath-school work. In politics he is a Republican, and has represented his district in county and congressional conventions. OSCAR PRICE was born in New Hagerstown, Carroll Co., Ohio, and was educated at the common schools. He became a member of the firm of S. Price & Sons in 1882, and December 29, 1886, married Amelia Wyandt. Both are members of the Lutheran Church, of which Mr. Price is a trustee. From a business point of view the firm of S. Price & Sons stand among the best in the county, and the individual members, as well as the members of their families, are esteemed throughout their whole section. BETHEL FAMILY. Among the people who have by their own individuality and force of genius made a lasting impression on the community where they lived, whose influence for good will long be felt, whose name is and ever will be mentioned with respect and veneration, none have been more marked than John Bethel. He was born June 29, 1806, in Loudoun County, Va., of which county his father, Simpson Bethel, was also a native. The latter followed agricultural pursuits, and was married to Nancy Holloway. They remained some time in Virginia, but in 1810 came to Ohio and settled in Athens Township, Harrison County, where the family still remain, their journey being made in the covered wagon so common in those days, and over roads that can little be appreciated now. The neighborhood was unset tied, and the nearest town was St. Clairsville. Their family consisted of the following named children: John, Mary, James, Caroline and Hiram. During his long and laborious life Mr. Bethel discharged his duties socially and religiously according to his own judgment. His family were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Flushing, and his remains, together with those of his beloved wife, now rest in the cemetery at Flushing. John Bethel in his youth showed those characteristics which afterward made him one of the leaders in his section. His educational advantages were exceedingly limited, but he managed to extract from them much that was of benefit to him. He supplemented his early training by a thorough course of reading and study, which, united to his unusual powers of observation, gave him an extensive knowledge of men and facts. He engaged in teaching many years during his early life, and was eminently successful. He was married to Elizabeth Oglevee, a resident of Harrison County, born February 4, 1804. He commenced farming and general stock-raising, which be continued until his death, which occurred April 4, 1887; his wife died December 5, 1881, and their remains now rest in the cemetery at Nottingham. Their children were as follows: Simpson, in Athens Township; Agnes, married to John Price; John H., deceased; Sarah Jane, now Mrs. Monroe Dunn; Mary E., wife of Samuel Dunlap; Caroline, wife of Samuel Compha; Hiram, deceased; Isaac H., at home, and Elizabeth, now Mrs. W. J. Dunlap. Mr. Bethel, from his first vote, which he cast for Andrew Jackson, to his last, was a leading member of his party, a position for which his excellent mental qualities eminently fitted him. He was justice of the peace for many years, and so just and sensible were his decisions that there was rarely an appeal taken. During what is known as "general training" he was elected, by the regiment to which he belonged, to act as colonel, a position which he held until the regiment was disbanded. He was a man of great force of character and strong convictions, and 428 - HARRISON COUNTY. did much for the advancement of the interests of his section. A self-made man, he, by his own shrewd business qualities and economy, succeeded in amassing considerable property, which consisted of about 300 acres, on which his sons, Simpson and Isaac H., now live. SIMPSON BETHEL was born December 29, 1828, and passed most of his early life on the home place. On September 23,1858, he was married to Frances Clemens, a daughter of James Clemens, a resident of Athens Township. He settled in Belmont County, where he lived for thirty years, and then removed to Athens, where he has since resided. His children are named as follows: John, Mary and Luella. Mrs. Bethel died October 26, 1881, and her remains rest in Nottingham Cemetery. ISAAC H. BETHEL was born in Athens Township, where he has since been a resident. To his education, which was received at the common schools, he has added a vast store of information gathered by home reading and study. He is one of the progressive, rising young men of his section; he and his brother are members of the Democratic party, and, although not office hungry, still do much to assist the party. They are the representatives of the family which was among the earliest settlers here. WILLIAM GLENN WADDLE, D. D. Perhaps no worthier member of the ministry, or one enjoying a wider reputation for earnestness and good works, could be found in this section of Ohio than he whose name heads this sketch, and who was horn at Rushville, Fairfield Co., Ohio, February 12, 1835. His father, Dr. Benjamin Waddle, who devoted over fifty years of his life in the service of his Master, and who became one of the leading ministers of Ohio, was born near the city of Wheeling, W. Va., June 2, 1802. He was classically educated at Wheeling Academy, having himself earned the funds necessary to defray his expenses there. He studied theology at the Associate Reformed Seminary, at Allegheny, and was licensed to preach April 28, 1828. He was pastor at Johnathan's Creek, Ohio, 1829-36; at New Concord, Ohio, 1836-58, and at Kenton, Ohio, 1859-79. He took great interest in educational work, and was a prime mover in securing the establishment of Muskingum College, New Concord, Ohio. He represented Hardin County in the Ohio State Legislature in the sessions of 1871-73, winning the race on a moral issue. His death occurred May 16, 1879. In 1829 he had chosen, as his life's partner. Martha A. Glenn, a native of Allegheny County, Penn., and a descendant of a pioneer family of Scotch-Irish extraction. To this union were born two sons and three daughters. William G. Waddle, our subject, who is the second child in order of birth, received the rudiments of an education in the public schools, and at the age of twelve years he entered Muskingum College. Here ho graduated in the class of 1855. Following in the footsteps of his father, he entered Allegheny Seminary, where he pursued the study of theology. He was licensed by the Second Ohio Presbytery, October 13, 1857, and was ordained by the Wheeling United Presbyterian Presbytery, November 16, 1859. At ordination he was installed over Cass ville, Tippecanoe and Franklin, in Harrison County, and November 30, 1869, was installed over Unity, and still serves it and Cassville. With the consent of his congregation he was elected and served as a member of the Ohio Constitutional Convention of 1873-74. On June 5, 1860, Dr. Waddle was united in marriage with Miss Janette S. Easton, a daughter of John S. Easton, D. D., who was a native of Ancrum, Scotland, and who came to America about the year 1813. He was licensed by the Philadelphia Associate Presbytery, June 24, 1834, and entered upon his first pastorate at Kishocoquillas, Penn. ; after eighteen years of faithful service he removed to Scroggsfield. Carroll Co., Ohio, where, for eleven years, he worked in the cause of the Master, and in the spring of 1866 moved to Allegheny City, Penn., where be HARRISON COUNTY - 431 united with Dr. D. R. Kerr in the publication of the United Presbyterian, at the same time doing pastoral work, serving the congregation of Braddock as pastor seven years. He died in Allegheny City, Penn., from paralysis, July 25, 1879, aged seventy-three years. Dr. and Mrs. Waddle reside on their farm in Short Creek Township, Harrison County, on which they located in 1872. Their beautiful home, surrounded by the pleasures and evidences of a handsome competence, is located in a little valley, while on every hand the hills, whose peaks are the first to catch and the last to hold the coming splendor of the dawn and the fading glory of the day, are mute but eloquent witnesses of the power, majesty and wisdom of the great Creator. The surrounding fields give evidence of a careful husbandry, and plainly show that it is there that the Doctor seeks recreation from the fatigue of his labors and close confinement of his study. Dr. Waddle has been prominently identified with the educational development of the country, and has been for some twenty years a member of the board of trustees of Franklin College, at New Athens, Ohio. JOSEPH McFADDEN was born August 9, 1843, on the John Osburn farm, and was but a boy of fifteen years when the death of his father, Joseph McFadden, Sr., required him to find a home with his elder brother, Thompson, with whom he remained until 1866, when he began a home of his own by marrying Miss Margaret J. Dickerson, the daughter of Adam and Jane Dickerson, of Harrison County, Ohio. Her parents had lived for years in that county, and here it was the father closed his eyes to earth; the aged widowed mother still survives and makes her home in Athens Township, Harrison County. Until 1878 Joseph and his brother Thompson remained upon and worked the same farm, and then Joseph purchased and moved upon the farm where he now resides, and on which he has either made new or remodeled all the build- 24 ings. His farm consists of 114 acres, and is situated two and a half miles from the town of Cadiz, Harrison County. Nine children have come to brighten the home of Mr. and Mrs. McFadden, viz. : Mary Ida, now Mrs. Melvin G. McFadden, of Harrison County, and Martha J., Henderson J., Verner, Adam J., Alfred T., Ralph E., Ross and Margaret Erfee, all still at home. Politically Mr. McFadden is a Republican, as were his father and brother, and he and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church of Cadiz. WILLIAM S. BETHEL. Among the families who have exerted a beneficial influence on the growth of Harrison County, and have left their impress on the social, finanoial and moral life of the community, the Bethel family are prominent. In 1815 Henry Bethel, with his family, came from Loudoun County, Va., to Belmont County, Ohio, where he purchased a farm and where he remained until his death. His family consisted of five sons and three daughters. His son, Broudus, was born in Loudoun County, Va., and came with his parents to Belmont County, where he remained until 1837, when he removed to Harrison County, Ohio, and purchased the farm now occupied by W. A. Niblock. His opportunity for an education was limited to the common schools, which he attended as his work would permit. On June 14, 1827, he was married to Sarah, daughter of William Smith, and to this union were born the following named children: James and Anna, both deceased; Mary E. ; Henry Matthess, in Moorefield; William S., in Freeport Township; Louis B., in Moorefield; Sarah E., Mrs. W. C. Smith; Barnett, deceased; David R., in Freeport; Ruth Ann, deceased, and Celinda, Mrs. Niblock. Mr. Bethel was a self-made man and one who by his enterprise and honesty won the respect and admiration of all. Energetic in everything he undertook, he was of invaluable assistance in the political and religious movements of his section. 432 - HARRISON COUNTY. While a Whig and a Republican, he was of a conservative nature, and used his influence in furthering what he considered right and just. He died March 17, 1870, and was followed by his wife November 28, 1876. William S. Bethel was born September 3, 1834, and his entire life has been spent in farming and stock raising, in which he has attained a marked success. On October 19, 1858, he was married to Phebe Ann, daughter of Reynolds K. Price, a prominent citizen of Harrison County, who was many times honored by political preferment, being elected county auditor two terms and, in 1854, representative of the county. He married Mary Michnur, a resident of Jefferson county, and his family were Jonathan, George, Phebe Ann, Martha J., Rebecca, Rachel, Mary, Reynolds, Caroline, William and David. In March, 1887, Mr. Price died and was laid beside his wife, who had passed from earth in November, 1876. After marriage Mr. and Mrs. Bethel settled on the farm on which he now resides. Their children were as follows: Angeline and Charles (both deceased), Ellsworth, a teacher in Denver, Colo., and Sarah A., also a teacher. Mrs. Bethel was stricken with paralysis on the evening of December 2, 1890, and died on the evening of December 11, following. Mr. Bethel has always been identified with the Republican party, and has been among its workers in his section. He and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Smyrna, and he is among the enterprising and successful men in his section, meriting the esteem in which he has so long been held. JACOB CONDO, farmer, German Township, Harrison County, is a son of Jeremiah and Lydia (Stahl) Condo. Jacob Condo, grandfather of our subject, was among the early settlers of York County, Penn., was a blacksmith by trade, and in 1814 came to German Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, where he worked at his trade during his lifetime. Jeremiah Condo, father of our subject, was born in York County, Penn., in 1812, but received his education in German Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. His father bad purchased a farm of 120 acres, and as soon as the son was old enough the farm was placed in charge of the latter. In 1836 Jeremiah Condo married Miss Lydia Stahl, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Shilling) Stahl, to whom were born nine children, as follows: William, Elizabeth, John, Margaret, Mary, Catharine, Lydia, Susanna and James—all born in the State of Maryland. To Jeremiah and Lydia (Stahl) Condo were born six children, viz.: Jacob, Samuel, John, Margaret, Jeremiah and Benjamin, of whom Samuel was a soldier in the War of the Rebellion, was wounded, losing an arm, and now lives in Iowa; Benjamin died in youth. Jeremiah Condo died in 1884 at his old home in German Township, on the farm where our subject now lives. Jacob Condo, our subject, was born on the old homestead in Harrison County, Ohio, January 14, 1837, received a practical business education in Green and German Townships, and taught school some nine years in the county. On March 15, 1860, he married Miss Sarah Jane Kimmel, who was born May 18, 1837, a daughter of Jonathan and Christiana (Nopp) Kimmel, natives of Adams County, Penn., and who were the parents of ten children, viz. : Sarah Jane, Elizabeth, Nimrod, Christena, Titus, Simon, George, Jonathan, Isaac, Magdalena and Martin, all born in Harrison County, Ohio. Grandmother Kimmel is still living, hale and hearty, at the patriarchal age of ninety-seven years. To Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Condo two children have been born: Nimrod (deceased) and Rebecca E., who is living with her parents. After marriage our subject settled on part of his father's farm, where he has built a fine brick house and a commodious barn. He is one of the best farmers of the county, and raises some of the finest stock. Mr. and Mrs. Condo and daughter are members of the Lutheran Church, of which congregation the daughter is organist. Mr. Congo enjoys the full confidence of his HARRISON COUNTY - 433 fellow-citizens, and has efficiently served as township treasurer for a period of eight years. J. F. McMATH is one of the leading young 1 men of Freeport, Harrison County, and is always identified with the progressive citizens. The family are of Irish descent, John, his grandfather, having come from Ireland with his parents to America many years ago, settling in Pennsylvania. He was early apprenticed to a stone and brick mason, with whom he remained until his knowledge of the trade was thoroughly acquired, and which he followed the most of his life. He was a Democrat, and invariably supported that party. In early life he was married to Elizabeth Rooney, a resident of Kentucky, locating first in Clermont County, Ohio, but soon after removing to Harrison County, where he spent the remainder of his life. He reared the following family: Hannah (deceased), Belinda (deceased), Ruth (Mrs. I. Barrett), Jane, William, Simeon and David. In 1880 he died, his wife surviving him till 1884. William McMath spent his early life in Freeport, where he learned the miller's trade, which he followed until 1878, when he engaged in agriculture. In 1857 he was married to Lydia, daughter of James and Susan (Delany) Ford, residents of Freeport, and his children are named Sarah J. and J. F. J. F. McMath was born June 14, 1862, in Freeport, where he has ever since resided. His business life was commenced as publisher of the Freeport Press, in which he is now associated with W. A. Williams. The office is large and completely fitted for all kinds of job work, in which they have a large trade. On July 19, 1889, he was united in marriage with Rosa E., daughter of E. M. Knox, a resident of Freeport, and she has borne one child, Edward K. Like the family in general, Mr. MoMath has been a Democrat and takes an active part in the politics of his section. He is among the well-known and popular young men of his town, as is evinced by his repeated election to various offices, such as town clerk and justice of the peace, although the town is Republican. For several terms he has been secretary of the fair held at Smyrna, the duties of which, though difficult and onerous, have been discharged with satisfaction to all. The family are leading members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. TIPTON HALL was born November 10, 1822, in Archer Township, Harrison Co., Ohio. His father, W. P. Hall, was born in eastern Ohio on the banks of the Ohio River, and his parents dying when he was quite young he was thrown on his own resources, early manifesting those qualities which have endeared him to the citizens of Harrison County. After the death of his parents he resided with Otho French, and was engaged in farming, but soon after he became of age he learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed during the remainder of his life. About the year 1815 he was married to Hannah Tipton, daughter of John Tipton (who was one of the earliest settlers of Harrison County), and after marriage he located in Archer Township, where he resided a short time; then removed to Green Township, where he purchased a farm, on which he died. His family consisted of nine children: Louis, Tipton, John G., Johnson, B. S., Elizabeth, Sarah Jane, Harriet and Rachel, all of whom reached maturity and became highly respected and eminent citizens of Harrison County. In politics Mr. Hall was a Republican, and among the offices be held in his township may be mentioned that of supervisor. Early joining the Methodist Church both himself and wife were stanch supporters of that faith. In 1868 his wife died and was laid to rest in Conaway Cemetery, and ten years later he himself followed her he had so dearly cherished, and was placed beside her. They were estimable people, fully meriting the respect in which they were held. Tipton Hall remained at home assisting in the duties of the farm until in March, 1847, he was married to Rachel Fife, daughter of John 434 - HARRISON COUNTY. Fife, a resident of Green Township. They settled on a farm in Archer Township, and have ever since been among its leading people. The following children have been born to them: D. W., in Merch, 1848; Eliza Jane, born January 21, 1850, now Mrs. Thomas Snyder; Hannah Matilda, born March 9, 1853, died December 25, 1856; Caroline, born February 3, 1858, now Mrs. Charles McClain; Emma R., born August 23, 1864, and John E., born May 20, 1867. In politics Mr. Hall is an ardent Democrat, and takes a lively interest in the affairs of the country at large, as well as those of his own immediate vicinity. For two terms he held the office of trustee, discharging its duties to the best possible interests of his township. He is a man of deep convictions, a lively imagination, and one whom it is a pleasure to meet. His farm comprises forty-eight acres, is under excellent cultivation, and is one of the best producing in his neighborhood. The buildings are neat and substantial, giving evidence of the taste and skill of the owner. ISRAEL J. GREEN, the well-known banker, of Freeport, Harrison County, was born November 11, 1845, in the village of that name. His father, Samuel, who was born in Ireland, when quite young came to America with his parents, in 1808, and the family located in Belmont County, Ohio, where the youth of Samuel was spent. His educational advantages were of a limited nature, being those of the common schools alone. In his early manhood he chose, as his life's partner, Ann Thompson, and, settling in Freeport soon after his marriage, he engaged in mercantile business with his brother John, until 1832, when he closed out his interest and purchased a farm. To this he removed and afterward followed agricultural pursuits until his death. His children were William, James, Aaron, Sarah, Samuel H., Ruth T. and Israel J. From youth Mr. Green took an absorbing interest in the political questions of the day, was a strong Abolitionist and also an advocate of the Whig principles; he was a devoted member and liberal supporter of the Friends Society. On June 6, 1869, he passed away, and was buried in Greenmont Cemetery; Mrs. Green still survives him and resides on the home place. Israel J. Green passed his youth partly on the farm, and also in various educational institutions, where he received a liberal education. On June 1, 1870, he was married to Almeda, daughter of John D. and Michel Snelling, of Columbiana County, Ohio, but in 1879 Mrs. Green passed from earth, leaving the following named family: Michel Emma, Joseph John, Samuel Willis and Sarah Ann. On January 18, 1883, Mr. Green was married to Eleanor Pickard, of Jefferson County, Iowa. Previous to 1885 Mr. Green was engaged in agriculture, at which he was successful. He then commenced in the banking business, which he has continued since. He is an energetic business man, and is thoroughly acquainted with the details of his present vocation. Formerly an adherent of the Republican party, he has, since the organization of the Prohibition party, been one of its valued leaders. He and his family are members of the Friends Society, at Freeport, and none stand higher in the esteem of their fellow-townsmen than they. ISAAC ALLEN. In every hamlet we find those hardy old settlers who have from their earliest age been engaged in the improvement of the section in which they have lived, and have, after many years of toil, removed to the town that they might enjoy the pleasures and comforts of life. Isaac Allen was born in Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, September 16, 1813. His father, Reuben, was born in 1783 in Maryland, where for many generations the family had resided. James Allen, father of Reuben, was a farmer, and in his early life married Rebecca Miller, by whom be had nine children, all of whom reached adult age. In 1792 James Allen died, and Reuben HARRISON COUNTY - 435 Allen remained in Maryland many years after the death of his father; in 1812 he removed to Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, thence to Belmont County, and finally again came to Harrison County, where he remained until his death. In 1812 he was married to Johanna, daughter of John McMillan, a resident of Harrison County, and the issue of their marriage was the following named children: Isaac (our subject), Rebecca (deceased), Esther (deceased), Amos (deceased),Mary Jane (deceased),Ruthann, Johanna (deceased) and James. In his politics Mr. Allen was a firm and strong supporter of the Republican party, and was earnest in the advancement of its interests. He died July 8, 1875, a member of the Society of Friends, and was laid to rest by the side of his wife, who had preceded him to the grave in 1869. An honest, industrious man, he won his way unaided, save by his wife, to an enviable position in the financial and social choke of his county. Isaac Allen, the subject proper of this memoir, attended the common schools of his section, and there acquired much valuable knowledge of the fundamental principles. On June 24, 1841, he was married to Sarah, daughter of David Barrett, of Cadiz Township, and they immediately settled in Freeport Township, where they spent years of toil and sorrow and pleasure together, until 1888, when they removed to the town of Freeport. Their children are Reuben, Rebecca J. (Mrs. R. M. Black), Albert and Winifred. Like his ancestry, Mr. Allen has supported the Republican party, and has ever been numbered among the workers for its advancement. He and family are well and favorably known, and have always been among the progressive of the county. JAMES. WHITE (deceased), late a resident of New Athens, Ohio, was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, May 15, 1819. His father, also named James, was a farmer who made a preliminary trip to America, entered a tract of land in Kentucky, and resided upon it ten years. He then returned to Ireland, where he married Elizabeth McDowell, but after many years came back to America, with the intention of settling at Newvale, Cumberland Co., Penn., our subject being then two years old. But his father was ill when they landed, and three days after reaching Pennsylvania he died, aged about seventy-five years. The family being left in poor circumstances, Mrs. White concluded to push on to Shepherdstown, Belmont Co., Ohio, where she had friends. Mrs. White died at the residence of one of her sons in Virginia at the age of eighty-seven years. She was the mother of eight children, viz.: Mary, Jane, Charles, William, Margaret, Sarah, Ann and James (our subject), all born in Ireland and all deceased excepting James. James White remained with his widowed mother until he was fourteen years of age, and then began learning a trade, deciding eventually to become a tailor, which trade he completed at Wheeling, W. Va., not being then quite of age. He moved about from place to place for some ten years until April 25, 1839, when, in Beallsville, Monroe Co., Ohio, he was married to Miss Sarah, daughter of William and Rebecca (Whit-stone) Frost, and a native of Winchester, Va. For a short time the young couple resided in Jacobsburg, Belmont Co.,Ohio, lout eventually, in 1841, came to New Athens, Harrison Co., Ohio. Here this couple shared life's joys and sorrows until August, 1889, when Mrs. White departed this life, aged sixty-seven years and eleven months, the mother of sixteen children, viz. : Elizabeth R., Sarah Ann (deceased), William F., John Love (deceased), Charles, Ellen C. (deceased), Martha J., Mary H., Maggie F., Harriet V., Viola B., Sarah A. (second), Joseph V. (deceased), Dora B., Daniel V., and an infant that died unnamed. After the death of his wife Mr. White lived at the home place in New Athens, where he died April 19, 1890, having been for a number of years retired from active business. He was one of the well-known citizens of New Athens, and had held a number of positions of trust in the township under the 436 - HARRISON COUNTY. Democratic party, of which he was a faithful member. In 1864 Mr. White enlisted in Company H, One Hundred and Seventieth 0. N. G., and was stationed near Washington and in the Shenandoah Valley, and he also took part in various engagements, but was never wounded. MATTHEW R. MoNARY, a well-known and wealthy farmer of Rumley Township, Harrison County, was born February 14, 1831, in Washington County, Penn., a son of James and Jane (Welch) McNary. He was reared on the old homestead, received a practical education at the common schools of his township, and assisted his father on the home place until November 8, 1854, when he married Miss Margaret A. Anderson, who was born April 7, 1834, a daughter of James and M. (Howard) Anderson, natives of Ireland. Five children have been born to this union, viz. : James W., Alice J., Thomas McCorkle and Maggie 0. A. (twins) and Addie Z. In 1858 Mr. McNary moved to Washington County, Penn., where he resided until 1867, when he returned to Rumley Township and bought the farm of 182 acres in Sections 2 and 32, where he now resides. He has served as township trustee fifteen years, and the whole family are members of the United Presbyterian Church. The McNary family are of Scotch descent, their ancestry being traced back to Greenock, from which place several of the name went to Ireland, and it is thought that four brothers came to America as early as 1760, from whom have descended all those of the name residing in the United States. THOMAS CRAWFORD, one of the oldest and most prominent of the citizens of eastern Archer Township, Harrison County, was born in Brooke County, Va., December 3, 1804. His father, Edward Crawford (as were also his grandfather and his wife), was a native of Virginia, and from him our subject imbibed those sterling qualities which have made his name the synonym of honesty, integrity and justice. The mother's parents were also natives of Virginia, and were among the representative people of that section in which they lived. In early. youth Edward Crawford married Mary Wiggins, who lived in Brooke County, Va., and soon after marriage they came to Archer Township, Harrison County,where, in 1806, he erected a log cabin. Here he and his family endured the usual hardships of the early settlers, and by his own industry and energy he succeeded in clearing a large tract. Six children were born to Edward Crawford and his wife in Virginia, and six in Harrison County, Ohio. He was a stanch Democrat in politics, and always strove to advance the interests of his party, although he would not accept any political preferment. He and his wife were members of the Presbyterian Church from early youth, and continued their membership until death. He died in 1831, and was buried at Cadiz, leaving a loving wife and affectionate children to mourn his decease. His widow survived him until 1864, when she, too, passed away, and was buried by his side. Thomas Crawford remained at home with his parents, assisting in the management of the farm until he was about nineteen years of age, when he went to Cadiz to learn the blacksmith's trade. In education he had the advantages of the common schools, which were very primitive in their character. After continuing blacksmithing for some time, he lost his health and was compelled to abandon the trade. He then engaged in agricultural pursuits, and in 1840 he purchased a farm. In 1829 he was married to Miss Jane, daughter of Hugh and Mary Kelly, who resided in Cadiz, Harrison County. His wife died, leaving four children: Hugh, Edward, Isabella and Thomas, and March 5, 1839, he was married to his present wife, Mrs. Eleanor Forbes, the widow of Joseph Forbes, a former resident of Harrison County, Ohio. Of this marriage were born children as follows: John A. (who is assisting in the carrying on of the home farm, and with his wife renders the old HARRISON COUNTY - 437   age of his parents as pleasant as possible), Elizabeth, Jane, Robert, James F. and Jason. Mr. Crawford has been a life-long Democrat, and has always taken a great interest in the political affairs of his country. He has, by his own efforts amassed a large property, and won for himself an enviable position in the respect and esteem of his fellmencitizens. To such meu as Mr. Crawford is due the present prosperity Harrison County. GEORGE HINES, son of Jacob and Susanna (Brugh) Hines was born October 1 19, 1822. He remained at home until he was married, May 13, 1851, to Temperance Fisher, who lived only ten months after the ceremony. She was buried at the Ridge Cemetery. November 10, 1853, Mr. Hines was married to Elizabeth E. Ferguson, of Green Township, Harrison County, at the home of her parents, Henry and Elizabeth Ferguson, who resided on a part of a section of land entered about the year 1800 by Elizabeth E.'s grandfather, Henry Ferguson, who wRevolutionaryof the Revolutionary War, and came from Washington County, Penn., when Henry, father of Eizabeth E., was a small boy. Henry Ferguson, Sr., married Eleanor Farmer, and they became parents of eleven children. Eleanor Ferguson lived to be ninety-nine years of age. These parents were Covenanters in faith, and in politics Henry was a Whig. Henry Ferguson, Jr., father of Mrs. Elizabeth E. Hines, was born November 23, 1788, and was married January 2, 1810, to Elizabeth Johnston. He died May 27, 1863, his wife having preceded him by two or three years, both members of the Presbyterian Church. Of their six children—three sons and three daughters—Elizabeth E. Hines is the youngest. After their marriage George Hines and wife settled on the farm on which his widow now resides. The issue of this marriage was 0. C. Hines, born February 4, 1855 (now at home), and Samuel F. Hines, born April 17, 1858 (now of Kansas City). Mr. Hines died May 18, 1864, and was buried at the Ridge Cemetery. He was a Democrat in politics, and always strove to advance the party's interests. He never sought office, and, though often solicited to accept, invariabrepresentativewas a representative of one of the oldest and most highly respected families in Archer Township. The farm on which be died consists of one hundred acres, under good cultivation and ably managed by his oldest son, 0. C., who was married to Miss Carrie Haverfield, of Cadiz, December 26, 1889, and who remains with his mother on the home place. He is a young man of excellent character and good habits, and has the respect of all. He is a Republican in politics, a member of the Presbyterian Church at Ridge, and is one of those most prominent in all worthy enterprises. He has been an elder since 1877, a position which he fills acceptably. Mrs. Hines belonged to a highly respected Johnston family of Scotland, of which the following poetry is a history, written May 24, 1842, by David Johnston, of Amsterdam, Ohio (uncle of Mrs. E. E. Hines), to his son, Dr. Samuel P. Johnston, of Eddyville, Iowa: Old Scotland was the very place, The first we knew of father's race, Or any of the name. Lord Archey Johnston there was found Opposed, in faith to him they crowned A man of noble fame. The persecution ran so high, The faithful ones must fight or die, Or else renounce the faith; They fought, and, awful to relate, The forfeit proved so very great, Yet still upheld by grace. Some fell and bled, yet not a few To other lands for safety flew, A scattered, broken flock; Yet hunted there like beasts of prey They brought them in from day to day To gibbet or the block. Methinks I see my ancient friend By faith supported to the end, Submitting to his fate; His head was placed upon the block, I shudder at the dire stroke That killed the good and great. 438 - HARRISON COUNTY The father dead, the children dear Had then no lands nor mansions here All forfeited and gone; The mother took them by the hand And flew for life to Ireland To find a safer home. The name here spread both far and wide; The offspring of the man who died Got homes and peace again; What generations I can't tell They did the north of Ireland fill With honor to his name. The next we knew three brothers here, They left their homes and friends all dear, To try Columbus' soil; They mounted on the ocean wide, They faced the storms, they braved the tide, Their hearts did not recoil. They landed on Columbus' shore, And searched the forest o'er and o'er A handsome home to find; Where Philadelphia now since stands They found the richest, choicest lands, And homes to please the mind. They settled down and took them wives, And hoped to give them happy lives, But all their hopes were vain; The western forests did abound With savage tribes who claimed the ground, They durst not here remain. At Shippensburg, or near that ground, The father of my father found Another handsome home; The settlement did fast increase, And they as neighbors lived in peace And welcomed all who come. Yet here the wolves and beasts of prey, And savage man, more fierce than they, Annoyed and did them grieve; They battled them from year to year, At length the homes they loved so dear They had to fly and leave. Now Shippensburg they built a fort Where all the neighbors did resort For safety of their lives; Their harvest fields were ripening dead, They feared a scant and lack of bread For children and their wives. The noble braves of these new lands, With, guns and sickles in their bands, By companies went out, From farm to farm they went around, Some guarding while they rept and bound From field to field about. Grandfather, mother, children too, Had gone this day to take a view And see some things at home; While all were pulling at some flax, All around by rain with thunder cracks, They to their homes did run. The company not far away They did not much fear to stay On such a rainy night; They shut the door, they made a fire, On beds of hay they did retire, Until the morning light. The parents rose by dawn of day, And left the children on the hay, Without a thought of fear; They stepped quite out to view the skies, The children woke by awful cries From both their parents dear. They all sprang up, and peeping out They saw the Indians all about, Some distance from the door; A gun presented, aimed too well. They saw the flash, their father fell All bleeding in his gore. The mother ran and screamed and cried, She sought some ambush where to hide, But Indians followed on; They heard wild screams, they knew it well The Indians did their mother kill, The work of death was done! The scalping knife was next applied, This gave the children time to hide Like rats within a mow; The Indians hunted them all round, But not a one of five was found, They escaped they can't tell how. With bloody hands and scalps and knives They now made off to save their lives, They feared the harvest men; The children saw the scalps quite clear, Their parents' bloody dangling hair An awful sight for them! They now crept out and counted five. Their sisters, brothers, all alive, But parents dear were gone; Their shirts and shifts were only on When they were frightened to the barn Thus naked they did run. And as they scampered o'er the road, They passed their father pale in death, Their little hearts did bleed, They ran themselves almost to death, The youngest it got out of breath, They hasted with such speed. At length they met one in the road Who found them clothes, and gave them food, And sent them to the fort; When here they found some pious men Who truly proved the orphans' friend By comforts and support. My father Samuel, oldest son Of Nathan dead, here grown a man He entered his career; He took my mother by the hand, The mountains crossed in search of land They came to Ligonier. HARRISON COUNTY - 439 They hunted out the best of grounds, With tomahawk they marked their bounds And chose a site to build; No neighbor found, nor mills, nor roads, Near thirty miles unbroken woods, Nor garden, house or fields. They built, they cleared, they tilled the ground, Some neighbors came and settled round, All lived like brothers here; The Indian wars broke out again, This caused them live in dread and pain, They watched and stayed in fear. My parents often in such dread, They each took guns and knives to bed, Prepared to meet the foe; But when some scalping had been done They thought it safer far to run To Palmer's fort they go. Still here the Indians did resort To watch for scalps outside the fort, Until they had got one; Now fired with vengeance for their deed, The fort-men turned out with speed, The Indians having run. They followed them both night and day, Until one hundred miles away, The Indians felt secure; They found them six, all lying down, Twelve miles above Kittanning town, As loudly they did snore. Six men with tomahawks and knives Now volunteered to take their lives, My father, he was one; Like lightning's flash, you may believe, Each man an Indian's head did cleave, The work of death was done. They left their dead upon the ground, And all the booty they had found They bore it safe away; Blanket, shot-pouch, horn and gun, My father got for what he done, His booty of the day. The winter now was coming on, The Indian tribes were fled and gone, The neighborhood had peace; They happy lived for many years, Oft talking of their toils and fears, Until they did decease. Our generations still beat west, And I, myself, like all the rest, Still farther west did choose; The history of my life you know, Or I would give it here below, I hope you will excuse. And you, my only son, now gone Far to the West to make your home, As all our fathers done, Now may the Lord prolong your days, Direct your course by wisdom's ways, Until your race is run. WILLIAM CROSKEY. Among those I most closely identified with the early history, organization and settlement of Green Township, Harrison County, up to the present time, none are more prominently so than the Croskey family. Originating in Ireland they have all the energy and push for which the natives of the Emerald Isle are noted, and those who represent Harrison County today are no exception to the general rule. Among the leaders and the most prominent of them is William, who was born October 11, 1817, on the farm on which he now resides, and which he has seen transformed from an almost impenetrable wilderness to one of the finest and best producing in his section. His father, John Croskey, was born August 7, 1775, in New Jersey, soon after the arrival of the family from Ireland. The founder of the family in this country was Robert, who, soon after coming here, located in Pennsylvania, and there remained until 1802, when he came to Ohio, settling in Green Township, Harrison County, on a section which was entered the year previous by his son, John, and Jacob Sheplar. There he remained until he had reached an advanced age, when death claimed him. He was buried in Covenanter Church Cemetery, a short distance east of Hopedale; his wife had preceded him to the grave but a short time, and was buried at the same place. At his death his son, William, took the management of the farm on which he resided. On February 9, 1801, John Croskey was married to Catherine Fry, who was born June 25, 1781, and was the daughter of Samuel Fry, a resident of Pennsylvania, and soon after his marriage removed to Green Township, Harrison County, where the year previous he had entered a section of land. It was with much difficulty that they arrived at their place of residence, all the roads having to be cut through the forest, and all their supplies having to be brought from Steubenville on horse-back. The record of their family is as follows: John, was born April 19, 1802; Christina, was born February 13, 1804; Rachel, was born February 440 - HARRISON COUNTY. 22, 1806; Samuel F., was born December 11, 1808; Sarah, was born January 12, 1811; Jackson, was born February 6, 1815; William, was born October 11, 1817; Abraham, was born January 24, 1820. In politics Mr. Croskey was a Democrat, and was closely identified with the improvements of that day; his family and himself were members of the Christian Church at Hopedale. On March 16, 1862, he died in that faith, and was laid to rest in the township cemetery; his wife survived him but a short time, dying in Iowa January 22, 1863, while on a visit to her daughter; she rests by the side of her husband. Mr. Croskey was a self-made man, having made all his wealth by his own individual labor, and at his death he left a handsome property. He was a well-known citizen, and occupied a front rank in the financial and social circles of his county. William Croskey, the subject proper of this sketch, spent much of his early life in farm work, and his education was confined to the common schools. At the age of eighteen, he drove oxen to tramp out the clay for the brick out of which his present residence was built. On January 16, 1840, he chose as his life's partner Susan Baxter, who was born May 11, 1822, a daughter of Samuel P. Baxter, one of the representatives of the earliest settlers and prominent farmers of Green Township, and soon after marriage Mr. Croskey settled on the place where he now resides. The following named children were born to him: Nancy Jane (now Mrs Edward Hall), born June 25, 1841; Clarinda (now Mrs. Rezin B. Mansfield), born October 9, 1846; Louisa Caroline, born September 9, 1848, died June 28, 1869; Susan Amanda (now Mrs. William F. Houser), born February 7, 1856. In politics Mr. Croskey is one of the leading Democrats of his section, and has held many of the offices of the township. He has been a justice of the peace for many years, and has discharged the duties of that office with great credit to himself and to the full satisfaction of the people. So just and unerring were his decisions, that in all appeals to a higher court none were reversed. In 1879 he was elected land appraiser, to which office he was re-elected in 1889, with a majority of 286 over the Republican opponent. This is a slight indication of the popularity in which he is held by the residents of his section. He and his family are members of the Christian Church at Hopedale. Mr. Croskey is now the sole representative of the Croskey family, who have, since the early settlement of this county, been so prominently identified with its progress, and who always have been among the supporters of every movement for its advancement. To such men as these does any county owe its progress and prosperity. JESSE MARTIN, a resident of Green Township, Harrison County, was born July 29, J 1819, in Virginia. His father, Peter Martin, was also a native of that State, where he followed farming, and where in early life he was married to Elizabeth Heberling, a resident of the State mentioned. In 1822 they came to Harrison County, Ohio, and settled in Short Creek Township, where they remained until death called them. Their family consisted of ten children: Luther, Jacob, John, William, George, Jesse, Sally, Betsy, Susan and Nancy, all now deceased, excepting John, George and Jesse. Peter Martin was a Republican, though not a very active politician, and was a member of the Presbyterian Church, his wife being a member of the Disciples Church. He departed this life in 1837, and was buried in West Grove Cemetery, his wife following him in 1854, and buried in the same cemetery. Jesse Martin, our subject, remained at home until he was of age, and engaged in the duties of the farm, having the advantages of the district schools. On October 18, 1853, he was married to Elizabeth Scarborough, daughter of Thomas Scarborough, a resident of Green Township, and after marriage they located in Short Creek Township, where they remained a short time, and then removed to Belmont County. HARRISON COUNTY - 441 After nine years' sojourn there they returned to Short Creek Township, and finally removed to Green Township, to the place where they now reside. Their children are as follows: Sally, born January 26, 1855; John C., born August 1, 1856; William B., born October 5, 1858; Sumner T., born March 16, 1862; George A., born January 10, 1865; Lorena M., born January 6, 1868; Jesse L., born December 15, 1871, and Hayden H., born September 26, 1874. Politically Mr. Martin is a Republican, and always supports his party in measures of county, State, and National interest. He and his wife are members of the Disciples Church, and are always found in the front rank of the workers in that faith. Mr. Martin has by his own efforts made what property he possesses, and is to-day solid, financially; in the social circle his family are among the most prominent. Mrs. Martin's father, Thomas Scarborough, was born February 1, 1796, in Pennsylvania, of which State his parents were also natives. For many years he followed the stone-mason's trade, but later settled on a farm. He was married to Sarah Harris, and the children born to this union consisted of Charles, born October 5, 1824; Mary E., born February 5, 1828; Elizabeth, born October 22, 1830; Margaret, born November 21, 1832; William, born July 4, 1835; Thomas, born December 12, 1839; Asbury, born October 24, 1841. In 1834 Mr. Scarborough came to Ohio and settled on a farm in Green Township. In politics he was a Democrat of the old line, and he and his wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, to which faith they steadfastly adhered. On September 4, 1867, he died, and was buried near Hopedale, having been preceded to the grave by his wife, who died July 6, 1855, and was buried at the same place. John C. Martin, son of Jesse and Elizabeth Martin, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, August 1, 1856. He grew to manhood on the farm, attending school, and for a time the Hopedale Normal College. He was eight years old when he came with his parents to Harrison County. In February, 1884, Mr. Martin married Miss Mary, daughter of Joseph and Rebecca Havnar, and a native of Harrison County, and after marriage the young couple came at once to the farm in Cadiz Township, where they now reside, and which Mr. Martin had purchased the year previous. Two children have been born to them: Mary Elsie and Sumner Leroy. Mr. Martin was formerly a Republican, and of late years has been a Prohibitionist; he has not held any office in his county. In religion he is a member of the Disciples Church, while his wife is an adherent of the Presbyterian Church. He is emphatically a self-made man, and is recognized as one of the solid, progressive farmers of the county. William Benton Martin, son of Jesse and Elizabeth Martin, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, October 5, 1858. He was brought up to farm life, attending the common schools, and for two years the academy at Hopedale, remaining at home until January 1, 1884, when he married Josephine Pittis, who was born in Harrison County, a daughter of George and Sarah Pittis, former a resident of Scio, Harrison County, latter now deceased, both natives of England. Mr. and Mrs. Martin settled on the farm where they now reside, and made all the improvements. They have one child, George Earle, now four years of age. Politically, Mr. Martin is a Prohibitionist, and he and his wife are members of the Disciples Church. Their farm of seventy acres is located in Short Creek Township, two and a half miles from Cadiz. Mr. Martin is one of the well-known enterprising farmers of the county. Sumner T. Martin, son of Jesse and Elizabeth Martin, was born March 16, 1862. Till about the age of eighteen he stayed on the farm with his father, attending school in the winter. Having an insatiable desire for a fuller equipment for life's duties and responsibilities than the common schools could furnish, he hired himself out to a neighboring farmer for twelve dollars and fifty cents per month, in order to earn a little money to enter Hopedale Normal College that winter. He remained there for the 442 - HARRISON COUNTY. winter and spring terms of 1880-81. Having become a member of the Christian Church in June, 1880, he at once determined to prepare himself for the ministry. This had been his purpose and ambition from childhood, growing into a very passion in his early manhood, in spite of poverty and many discouragements. So, in the spring of 1883, after two years of teaching near Smithfield, Jefferson Co., Ohio, he entered Bethany College, West Va., to begin his classical and theological training. After remaining one year, his money gave out, and some kind friends and a kinder Providence helped him to the charge of a most excellent church, small in numbers and in financial strength, but large in faith and zeal, and warmest sympathy, and extraordinary in intelligence and real culture, on the Western Reserve, in Ashland County, Ohio. Here he remained, studying and laboring hard for twenty-one months, till September, 1884. His pastorate was wonderfully fruitful, and entirely satisfactory to his people. He then re-entered Bethany College, preaching each Sunday to earn his expenses, and. graduated with the first honors of his class in June, 1887. He had already accepted a call to Marion, Kas., whence he went immediately. There he staid one year, adding 110 persons to the church by God's blessing. His next charge was Leavenworth, Kas. From here he was called into evangelistic work for three months, in which time he saw 106 persons obey Christ and enter the church. Leaving this special work he took charge of the Christian Churches at Valley Falls and Nortonville, Kas., his present charge. In the past eighteen months he has preached an average of five sermons a week, and about 350 persons have been in that time added to the church under his labors. He found his wife in Kansas in the person of Miss Leota Sheridan, to whom he was married in May, 1887. He has two bright and interesting children. Elder Martin's work in the gospel ministry is but fairly begun, but he gives promise of great usefulness in this work, to which he has consecrated body, soul and spirit. JOSHUA DICKERSON is one of the well-known farmers and stock dealers of Moore- ( field Township, Harrison County, and is a son of William and Jane (Lafferty) Dickerson. He was born in Athens Township, Harrison County, Ohio, September 2, 1842, on the old Dickerson homestead, where he grew to manhood and received a practical business education at the common schools. March 10, 1864, be married Miss Rebecca Dickerson, who was born October 16, 1843, a daughter of John and Elizabeth (McFadden) Dickerson, of Athens Township. After his marriage Mr. Dickerson purchased the farm he now owns, which contains 158 acres in the northwest quarter of Section 10, in Moorefield Township, and has since purchased forty acres on Section 16, on the western side, adjoining his first purchase. He has erected a fine residence on this farm, which was completed in 1875. Here Mr. Dickerson has been engaged for some years dealing in live stock. Mrs. Dickerson departed this life December 22, 1888, a member of the Nottingham Presbyterian Church, and the mother of five children, named as follows: Clara J., deceased; John E., Mary E., William and Sarah E., residing at home. Politically Mr. Dickerson is a Democrat, and has held several offices of trust in Moorefield Township. He is well known throughout tie county, is highly esteemed by all, and for many years has been a devout and consistent member of the Nottingham Presbyterian Church. JOHN W. BLAIR, farmer, of Stock Township, Harrison County, was born in Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, May 15, 1831, a son of William Blair. John Blair, father of William Blair, was a native of Ireland, who, in an early day, immigrated to the United States, coming to Harrison County, Ohio, and entered 160 acres of land in Cadiz Township, which he industriously cultivated until his death, which occurred about 1840. He was the father HARRISON COUNTY - 443 of five children, named as follows: John, Daniel, James, Charity and William. William Blair was born March 14, 1804, in Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, where he was reared to manhood and received a common-school education. He married Miss Sarah Day, who was born April 26, 1808, a daughter of George and Margaret (Moore) Day, natives of eastern Pennsylvania, and early settlers of Cadiz Township, Harrison County. To William Blair and his wife were born four children, viz. : George, who resides in Cadiz Township, Harrison County; John W. ; Albert and Mary, both deceased. William Blair, after his marriage, purchased a farm in Cadiz Township, where he remained during his life, his death occurring January 29, 1867. They were both active members of the Presbyterian Church. John W. Blair grew to manhood in Cadiz Township, Harrison County, and received a common-school education. He remained at home until January 19, 1853, when he married Miss Malissa A. Carson, who was born June 19, 1831, a daughter of Elijah and Catherine (Night) Carson, and this union has been blessed with three children, viz. : Albert N., who resides near his father; Mary L., wife of Prof. J. M. Adams, of Scio, Ohio, and Emma M., who died at the age of nine years. John W. Blair, after his marriage, purchased 100 acres of land in Nottingham Township, Harrison County, where he remained till 1869, when he purchased the farm he now owns, which contains 240 acres, located on the Standing Stone Fork, seven miles northwest of the village of Cadiz, in Stock Township, Harrison County. Our subject and wife are members of the Disciples Church, and politically he is a Republican. ALBERT N. BLAIR, farmer and printer, son of John W. Blair, was born in Cadiz Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, February 3, 1854, and was educated at the common schools of the county. On October 25, 1877, he married Miss Elizabeth Merriman, who was born January 1, 1856, a daughter of John Merriman, of Archer Township, Harrison County, and to this union have been born two sons: Roy Garfield and Chester Craig. After his marriage Mr. Blair came to the farm in Stock Township where he now resides, and where he has erected a fine dwelling. In 1884 he embarked in the card and novelty business, which has proved very successful to him. JOHN CLIFFORD. Prominent among the residents of Harrison County, is the subject of this sketch, who was born in County Cavan, Ireland, August 12, 1816. His father, John Clifford, also a native of the Emerald Isle, was in early life married to Mary, daughter of John Byas, a resident of the same county. He was a farmer by occupation, which he followed until his death. His family were named as follows: Margaret, Edward, John, Esther and Mary. In 1822 the father died, leaving his wife and family to depend on their own efforts, and they continued to live in Ireland until 1839, when Esther and Edward left for America. In 1841 John, accompanied by the remainder of the family, came here also, immediately proceeding to Harrison County, Ohio, and here located a new home in the vicinity of Cadiz. On March 4, 1864, the mother died; she had passed the last, years of her life at the residence of her son, John, who with true, filial love, made her declining years cheerful and comfortable. On John Clifford's arrival in this country he immediately engaged in farming, which he has followed ever since. On December 29, 1852, he was married to Mary Ann, daughter of Andrew Jamison, a prominent resident of Cadiz, but September 2, 1863, she passed away, and was buried at Cadiz. She left the following children: Mary, born March 24, 1855, died July 27, 1875; Edward, born December 16, 1856, a farmer in Green Township; Andrew, born November 20, 1858, at home; John Richey, born February 17, 1860, died September 2, 1863; Sarah Jane, born June 4, 1861, died September 4, 1863. In 1866 Mr. Clifford was 444 - HARRISON COUNTY. married to Anna, a daughter of William Crosky, of Green Township, and by her had the following named children: Anna, born August 17, 1867, still at home; William, born June 4, 1871, also at home. Mr. Clifford may truly be called a self-made man. He commenced life without any outside assistance, and by his integrity, honesty and industry has acquired an enviable position in the financial and social circles of his county. In politics he is a Democrat, and has held the trusteeship of the township several years. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church at Cadiz. Mr. Clifford's farm of 347 acres, situated partly in Green Township and partly in Short Creek, is in an excellent state of cultivation. The buildings are neat, and exhibit good architectural taste. The residence, a large two-story brick building, is finely situated on a prominent place, commanding an extensive view on all sides. He and his family are justly numbered among the best respected and most esteemed citizens of Harrison County. LYLE McDIVITT, a well-known farmer of North Township, Harrison County, was born in October, 1846, on the farm where he now lives. His father, George McDivitt, a native of Pennsylvania, entered the land on which Lyle now lives, when it was in the forest and infested with wild animals of every description native to the section. Here his first wife died, the mother of eight children, of whom three are still living. For his second wife he married Mrs. Susan Scott (nee Rutler), a native of Leesville, Ohio. In February, 1869, George McDivitt passed from earth, in his seventy-third year, and the father, by his second marriage, of eight children, named as follows: Mary and Martha, deceased; Eliza, Mrs. Isaiah English; Thursy, Mrs. John Miner, of Pittsburgh, Penn.; John, in Stock Township, Harrison Co., Ohio; Thomas R., in North Township; Samuel, deceased; and Lyle, our subject. Mr. McDivitt was a Republican in politics. In 1872 Mrs. Susan McDivitt passed away, at the age of sixty-two years. Lyle McDivitt grew to manhood on the home farm, on which he acquired his knowledge of husbandry, and in April, 1869, he married Miss Elizabeth Buxton, daughter of Haddon Buxton. This lady lived until May 22, 1887, when, at the age of forty years, she departed this life, the mother of three children, viz.: Harvey (deceased), Emma Florence and Annie. For his second wife Mr. McDivitt chose Miss Ella, daughter of C. C. Beall, of Nottingham Township, Harrison County. Mr. McDivitt has probably the finest farm residecne in North Township, same having been erected in 1881, and is located about four miles southwest of Scio; his outbuildings are of the most modern device, and are commodious and substantial. The farm contains 280 acres, mostly improved, but largely devoted to stock raising, in which specialty Mr. McDivitt has met with more than ordinary success. He is a strong Republican, and during the Civil War he made an effort to enter the Union army, but was rejected on account of his youth. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Mount Hope. He is one of the progressive men of the county, and has ever been ready to identify himself with every movement having a tendency to improve the condition of the township or county, and socially, he and his family stand in the front rank. Thomas R. McDivitt was born on the old homestead in North Township December 8, 1837, and here he was trained to the duties of the farm. In 1862 he enlisted in Company A, One Hundred and Twenty-sixth 0. V. I., and served his country three years. At the battle of the Wilderness he received a gunshot wound which cut away the first finger of the left hand, but with this exception escaped unscathed. After his wound had healed he returned to the ranks, and at the expiration of his term of service was honorably discharged at Washington, June 28, 1865. He then returned to his home, and in the fall married Miss Sarah, daughter of Robert and Hester Anderson, of North Township; he HARRISON COUNTY - 445 purchased the farm where his father-in-law now resides, but in 1883 came to his present home, where most of the improvements have been made by himself. Six children blessed his home, named as follows: Mattie, Ella (deceased), Jennie, Bernhard, Charles and Robert. In politics Mr. McDivitt is a Republican, and has served as treasurer of North Township; he and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Mount Hope. His home is some three miles from Scio, and his dwelling, which he erected in 1888, is a pleasant modern structure. Mr. McDivitt is a representative of one of the pioneer families of North Township, and is a progressive farmer, one who keeps fully abreast of the times. T. H. ARNOLD, merchant, Means, Harrison Co., Ohio, is one of the most prosperous business men in German Town/ ship. He owes his success to being honest and upright with all men, and has made himself what he is. Ho graduated in 1888 from the Buchanan Business College of Hopedale, where he educated himself, having no parents to help him, and same year embarked in business where he is now located. Mr. Arnold was born in German Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, May 13, 1865, and is a son of W. W. and Catherine (Burrier) Arnold; His mother died in 1868 and his father in 1882. W. W. Arnold was a son of J. W. and Elizabeth (Davis) Arnold; J. W. Arnold was a son of David, a native of West Virginia, and David's father was a Dunkard preacher, who came to Ohio in 1790. J. W. Arnold reared a family of eight children, W. W. being the first son. Mrs. Elizabeth (Davis) Arnold was a daughter of John and Polly (Welling) Davis, former of whom served all through the Revolutionary War. They were among the early settlers of Maryland. In 1888 T. H. Arnold was appointed postmaster at Means, and he enjoys the respect and confidence of the entire community. CHARLES CONAWAY, an old and experienced farmer, was born in Stock Township, Harrison Co., Ohio, September 12, 1819. His father, John Conaway, was born in Kent County, Md., in 1790. When a small boy his parents migrated to Ohio, and for some time resided near Warren, Jefferson County, but later removed to Harrison County, where John Conaway grew to manhood, and enlisted for six months in the War of 1812 under William H. Harrison. He married Miss Betty Hoagland, who was born in Pen nsylvaniain 1797, being of German descent. To this union were born ten children, all of whom are still living. John Conaway, after his marriage, purchased a part of Sections 16 and 17, in Stock Township, which was then a wilderness, but had resided on this land fifteen years before he purchased it. He spent his life on this place, dying in 1861; his wife followed him to the grave in 1886. Politically Mr. Conaway was a Whig and a Republican. He served for twenty years as justice of the peace of Stock Township, and was highly respected by all. Both he and his wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church for many years. Charles Conaway grew to manhood in Stock Township, and received his education at the common schools. April 1, 1847, he married Miss Mary Given, born in September, 1822," a daughter of Robert and Rebecca (Evans) Given, who were among the early settlers of Harrison County, Ohio. Our subject and wife have been blessed with five children, viz. : Rebecca J., who died at the age of fourteen years; Robert, at Conneaut, Ohio; John W., at home; Ella E., wife of Samuel Millikin, of Tuscarawas County, Ohio, and Mary Martha, who resides at home. Our subject has resided in Stock Township all his, life, and about 1855 he purchased the farm he now owns, which contains 160 acres. Both he and his wife have been active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church from their youth, and both are well known throughout the county, and very highly esteemed by all who know them; politically, he is a Republican. Mr. 446 - HARRISON COUNTY. Conaway is ever ready to render his moral and financial aid to any project for the promotion of the public good, both of township and county. LEWIS H. DAVIDSON. The following sketch from the pen of Rev. Lewis. H. Davidson, of Washington Township, Harrison County, with the exception of a few additions, appeared in the Freeport Press, of April 16, 1890. It shows some of the many hardships endured by the pioneers in general, and this truly representative family in particular: "My great-grandfather, William Davidson, was born in Ireland, and emigrated to the United States in very early days, and after being married, and having four sons, was captured by the Indians before the Revolutionary War, and was lost to all knowledge of his friends. My grandfather, William Davidson (second), on my father's side, was born November 20, 1747. He was married, first to Rosanna Hutchinson, who was born in Wales. This union resulted in five children—three sons and two daughters. His second marriage was with Barbara McDale; result, eight children—five sons and three daughters. My father, Lewis Davidson, was of the first set of children, and was born in Fayette County, Penn., March 23, 1773. My mother, Mary Davidson, daughter of Lewis Davidson, full brother of William (second), was born in Allegany County, Md., September 23, 1778. Her mother's name was Nancy Todd, and she was born in England. My mother was one of fourteen children, all full brothers and sisters. My father and mother were married in Fayette County, Penn., in July 1798, by Rev. James Roberts. The result of this union was twelve children—eight sons and four daughters—namely: William, Nancy, Rosanna, John S., Mordecai W., Lewis H., Susanna, Mary, Jesse, Thomas L., Joseph C. and Jonathan S. In 1801 my father and mother, with a number of other families, moved down the Ohio river in large canoes fastened together, and landed on the west side of the Ohio river opposite where Catlettsburg is now located. After remaining there about one year, my father bought land in the French grant, in Scioto County, Ohio, where they remained until March, 1809. I was born at that place February 23, 1809. This location proved to be sickly—chills and fever. Here two of their children died: Nancy and Rosanna. My parents proposed to move back to Pennsylvania, and having sold their land, and the weather being fine, in the last week in March, they commenced their tedious journey, packing all they intended to move on two large mares. My mother carried me in her arms on horseback, and an older brother, John S., behind her, and Mordecai W. was in father's arms on the other mare, and William, who was in his tenth year, walked. They came to the Muskingum River atZanesville, April 2, 1809, and my mother forded that river with me in her arms. They had fine weather to travel in, and all went well until they reached the big Stillwater Creek, between where now is Smyrna and Moorefield. One of their mares, being very warm, drank too much water, and by the time they reached the John Lamb Farm, one miles east of Moorefield, she was so sic they stopped, and there she died. This stopped them in their journey to Pennsylvania. " My father rented a small cabin near by, and remained there that summer and next winter. During that time he entered the quarter section of land which L. D. Latham now occupies, three miles west of Freeport. On March 10, 1810, my father moved his family down on the east side of Big Stillwater, and stopped with Daniel McGloughlin, who then lived where the widow Bevans now lives. In a few days he erected a cabin on his own land, and soon moved into it. It had a " cat-and-clay " chimney, split puncheons for a floor, clapboards pinned together with wooden pins for a door to keep out wolves, as well as everything else, but which did not prevent us from hearing the wolves howling a few yards from the door. We were also surounded with other wild game, such as