LORAIN COUNTY COURTHOUSE, ELYRIA, OHIO

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INTRODUCTION These volumes might well be called " The Centennial History of Lorain County" for it is scarcely more than a hundred years since the first white settlers came within its borders. It is difficult for the present generation to imagine the conditions which surrounded the first settlers. Then a dense, almost impenetrable forest of trees of immense size, covered every acre of the territory. The heroism of the families who plodded their way thither from New England, some on foot, some on horseback, and others in slowly moving carts, occupying more days in the journey than it takes hours now, is worthy of all praise. The rapid clearing of homesteads, and establishment of educational and religious institutions, scarcely find a parallel anywhere else in history. Industrially, Lorain County was slow in coming to its own. Cleveland should by good rights have been at the magnificent harbor furnished by the preglacial channel of Black River. Much would have been saved if the Ohio Canal had crossed the watershed at the head of Black River at Lodi, which is much lower than that at Akron. But she has now found her own. In these days of the supremacy of railroads, the shortest line connecting the iron mines of the Lake Superior Region and the coal of the Pittsburgh district, runs through the center of the county, and the growth of her manufacturing industries is already phenomenal, and its continuance insured, thus affording to the farmers an unrivalled market for all their products. In these respects, as well as in her educational institutions, headed by Oberlin College, she is already leading the state. The history of this growth will command the attention of all future generations. Its writing has been an inspiration as well as a labor of love, and it is with regret that we lay our pen down, and turn to less inspiring tasks. G. FREDERICK WRIGHT. CONTENTS CHAPTER I GEOLOGY OF THE COUNTY THE OHIO SHALE IN LORAIN COUNTY-THE WAVERLY SANDSTONE-MARKS OF THE GLACIAL PERIOD IN THE COUNTY-THE LAKE RIDGES-SOILS-ELEVATIONS IN THE COUNTY-NATURAL GAS AND OIL - 1 CHAPTER II BOTANY OF THE COUNTY By Mary E. Day THE TREES-THE SHRUBS-THE WILD FLOWERS—THE FERNS-THE GRASSES-FLORA OF THE COUNTY-A UNIQUE BOG-COLLECTORS OF PLANT LIFE - 13 CHAPTER III ANIMAL LIFE OF THE COUNTY By Prof. Lynds Jones NATIVE AND MIGRATORY BIRDS-CHANGES IN VARIETIES-WATER BIRDS-- SONGSTERS-MAMMALS OF LORAIN COUNTY-PREHISTORIC REMAINS-. FISHES OF THE COUNTY-AMPHIBIANS-REPTILES-INSECTS - 20 CHAPTER IV LEADING TO CIVIL GOVERNMENT GREAT HISTORIC WATERWAYS-FRENCH SCHEME OF COLONIZATION-- FRENCH NORTHWEST TERRITORY-FORMALLY CLAIM LOUSIANA-ENG- vi - CONTENTS LISH SERVE NOTICE OF POSSESSION-FIRST OHIO COMPANY AND AGENT GIST-GEORGE CROGHAN-IN THE LAND OF THE DELAWARES-FRENCH AND ENGLISH CLASH-THE DELAWARES MOVE WESTWARDLY-THE OTTAWAS AND THE WYANDOTS OF THE LAKE ERIE REGION-BOUQUET 'S EXPEDITION-SHAWNEES LAST TO SURRENDER-A NORTHWEST TERRITORY ASSURED-LIFTING OF THE INDIAN AND STATE TITLES-LORD DUNMORE 'S SQUATTERS-AMERICAN SYSTEM OF LAND SURVEYS -PUBLIC LANDS-CONGRESS LANDS-CONNECTICUT WESTERN RESERVE-FIRE LANDS-UNITED STATES MILITARY LANDS-VIRGINIA MILITARY LANDS-OHIO COMPANY'S PURCHASE-THE GERM OF OHIO -DONATION TRACT-SYMMES PURCHASE-REFUGEE TRACT-FRENCH TRACT-CANAL LANDS-SCHOOL LANDS-OTHER PUBLIC TRACTS - 27 CHAPTER V DAWN OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT THE ORDINANCE OF 1787-OHIO-MICHIGAN BOUNDARY FINALLY FLXED -FIRST SURVEYS OF WESTERN LANDS-HOW THE RESERVE BECAME NATIONAL TERRITORY-MILITARY AND CIVIL FRICTION-FIRST JUDICIARY-INDIANS AT LAST SUBDUED - 49 CHAPTER VI SECURE UNDER THE LAWS HOW THE RESERVE WAS SOLD-ACREAGE OF THE RESERVE-JUDGE PARSONS, PIONEER LAND BUYER-WASHINGTON COUNTY (1796) CLAIMED JURISDICTION-IN THE COUNTRY OF CANAHOGUE-WAYNE COUNTY (1796) -JEFFERSON COUNTY (1797) -LAWLESS BUT IN NAMETRUMBULL COUNTY (1800) RECOGNIZED-PERIOD OF CIVIL COMPLICATION - 55 CHAPTER VII COUNTY SURVEYED AND ORGANIZED THE TREATY OF FORT INDUSTRY (1805) -WESTERN LANDS SURVEYED-SURPLUS LANDS OF LORAIN COUNTY-EQUALIZING LAND VALUES--FOUR TOWNSHIPS CONSIDERED MOST VALUABLE-THE LAND DRAW- CONTENTS - vii INGS-DRAWING THE TOWNSHIPS-TRUSTEES OF THE RESERVE-CIVIL JURISDICTION FROM 1807 TO 1811—ADJUSTMENT OF COUNTY BOUNDARIES- FIXING THE NORTHERN INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY-ELY'S INDUCEMENTS FOR COUNTY-SEAT LOCATION-LOCATED AT ELYRIA-FIRST COURTHOUSE AND JAIL-CIVIL ORGANIZATION-FIRST COMMISSIONERS' MEETING - FIRST OFFICIAL DOCUMENT - JUDICIAL MACHINERY IN MOTION-ORIGINAL ORGANIZATION OF THE TOWNSHIPS - 62 CHAPTER VIII PIONEER SETTLEMENT INDIANS ADOPT FIRST WHITE SETTLER-DISGRACED BY GETTING LOST IN THE WOODS-STARTS FOR THE BLACK RIVER-REACHES THE LAKE-JOIN WYANDOTS ON THE SITE OF LORAIN-THE CAMP AT ELYRIA-REPLENISHING THE COMMON LARDER-FUR-HUNTING EXPEDITIONS-RETURN TO CIVILIZATION-MORAVIAN COLONY ATTEMPTS TO SETTLE-WOULD RETURN TO RUINED MUSKINGUM VILLAGES-FOUND PILGERUH (PILGRIM'S REST ) -ABANDON PLAN OF RETURN TO THE MUSKINGUM -ORDERED TO MOVE ON-THREE DAYS IN LORAIN COUNTY- FINAL RETURN TO THE MUSKING.UM-DAVID ZEISBERGER, WOULD-BE SETTLER -SETTLEMENTS FROM 1807 To 1812—A WAR SCARE OF 1812—EASTERN SHIPBUILDERS DRIVEN WEST-LORAIN 'S EARLY SHIP-BUILDING INDUSTRY- BLACK- RIVER SETTLEMENT BECOMES CHARLESTON VILLAGE- HEARSE, FIRST PUBLIC UTILITY-PLOWING OUT A RIVER CHANNEL- EARLY HOTELS-CHARLESTON 'S LEAN YEARS-SCENT OF THE COMING IRON HORSE-FIRST COLONY OF PERMANENT SETTLERS-COLUMBIA TOWNSHIP ORGANIZED-PIONEER SETTLERS OF RIDGEVILLE -RIDGEVILLE TOWNSHIP ORGANIZED-EATON TOWNSHIP SETTLED-CIVIL ORGANIZATION-THE BEEBES AND PERRYS OF BLACK RIVER- OTHER PIONEERS-BLACK RIVER TOWNSHIP ORGANIZED—FOUNDING OF LORAIN CITY-EARLY SETTLERS OF AMHERST TOWNSHIP-JOSIAH HARRIS-AS A POLITICAL BODY—AMHERST AS A VILLAGE— TOWNSHIPS SETTLED DURING THE WAR-PIERREPONT EDWARDS DRAWS AVON TOWNSHIP-THE CAHOON FAMILY- AVON TOWNSHIP CREATED- PIONEER FAMILIES CROWD INTO SHEFFIELD- SHEFFIELD, FIRST TOWNSHIP AFTER COUNTY ORGANIZED—PITTSFIELD TOWNSHIP DRAWN—FIRST PERMANENT SETTLERS-TOWNSHIP ORGANIZED -VILLAGE OF ELYRIA FOUNDED-THE ELY HOME-THE FAMOUS BEEBE TAVERN-THE FIRST BEEBE HOME-THE BRIDAL TRIP-THE OLD-TIME FIRE- viii - CONTENTS PLACE-LAST BEEBE HOUSE, PRIDE OF THE TOWN-ELYRIA TOWNSHIP PARTITIONED IN 1816—" RAISINGS '-TOWNSHIP AND VILLAGE SURVEYED- POSTOFFICE ESTABLISHED-TOWNSHIP ERECTED-ELYRIA CITY OF TODAY-FATHER AND PIONEERS OF BROWNHELM-TOWNSHIP CREATED AND ORGANIZED- SETTLEMENT OF RUSSIA TOWNSHIP-FOUNDING OF OBERLIN-RUSSIA TOWNSHIP ORGANIZED-FIRST YEAR OF PIONEERING IN GRAFTON-TOWNSHIP INCORPORATED- VILLAGE OF GRAFTON-WELLINGTON 'S ORIGINAL OWNERS AND SETTLERS-ARRIVAL OF FIRST FAMILY-TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATION-WELLINGTON VILLAGE -TOWNSHIP OF HUNTINGTON-THE LABORIES AND OTHER FAMILIES -WOODEN BOWL FACTORY-ORGANIZATION OF THE TOWNSHIP-PENFIELD TOWNSHIP RIGHTLY NAMED-COMING OF THE PENFIELDS-I FAMILIES OF CALVIN SPENCER AND OTHERS-CARLISLE TOWNSHIP-PIONEER FAMILIES SETTLE- BRIGHTON TOWNSHIP-HENRIETTA TOWNSHIP-CAMDEN TOWNSHIP. 74 CHAPTER IX CENTENNIAL CELEBRATIONS A CENTENNIAL HERALD-EARLIEST RECORD OF LAKE SHORE REGION-THE SMITH TRAVELS-RELICS OF FRENCH ADVENTURERS-RISING OF THE LAKE LEVEL- AVON'S MYSTERIOUS FIRST SETTLER-AVON THROUGH A HUNDRED YEARS- PHYSICAL FEATURES-PIERREPONT EDWARDS, ORIGINAL PROPRIETOR- PERMANENT COLONY ARRIVES (1814) - WILBUR CAHOON FOUNDS FIRST PERMANENT. FAMILY-ORIGINAL CAHOON TRACT—DEATH OF WILBUR CAHOON-NICHOLAS YOUNGLEWIS AUSTIN-OTHER FAMILIES JOIN COLONY-ELAH PARK-THE SWEET FAMILY-FIRST SETTLER IN FRENCH LICK VILLAGE-THE STICKNEY AND WILLIAMS FAMILIES-FIRST EVENTS-INDUSTRIESRELIGIOUS MATTERS-PIONEER SCHOOLHOUSE-HOLY TRINITY CHURCH -CHEESE-MAKING ABANDONED-CURIOUS MOUNDS RAZED-AVON'S PATRIOTISM-THE SHEFFIELD CENTENNIAL-NORMAN DAY DESCRIBES FIRST COLONISTS-THE BURRELLS EXPLORE-WALLACE, FIRST ,TEMPORARY SETTLER-FOUR SETTLERS IN WINTER OF 1815-16—FIRST WOMAN AND PIONEER FAMILY-ARRIVAL OF THE DAY AND BURRELL FAMILIES-CAPTAIN SMITH AND FAMILY-OTHER BURRELLS COME-CHURCHES ORGANIZE—FIRST EVENTS—TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATION- DEATH OF CAPTAIN SMITH-OTHER MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY-DECEASE OF PIONEERS-HISTORIC CONTRIBUTIONS FROM MISS MAY DAY-BUILDING THE SAW-MILL ON FRENCH CREEK-GRIST AND SAW-MILL CONTENTS - ix -OTHER MILLS-BRICK HOUSES-SETTLING IN A DUCK POND-THE BURRELLS AND HECOCKS-THE ROOT FAMILY-THE DAYS-ITEMS ABOUT PIONEERS GENERALLY-TWO UNSUCCESSFUL INSTITUTIONS-SHIP BUILDERS AND LAKE CAPTAINS-GOLD HUNTERS OF 1849-50-JUDGE WILLIAM DAY, ACTIVE LAND AGENT-THE PARKS FAMILIES -SHEFFIELD IN THE CIVIL WAR-MILTON GARFIELD-SHEFFIELD 'S HISTORY, 1865-1915-FIRST RAILROAD-DEATH OF BOBBINS BURRELL -SECOND RAILROAD - FATALITY TO EDWARD BURRELL - WOODS LEVELED FOR STEEL PLANT-FIRST SHORT LINE STREET CAR-LAST OF THE DAY PIONEERS-FIRST CAR OVER THE ELECTRIC-EIGHTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH-CLAIMED AS FOUNDER OF RURAL FREE DELIVERY-INDUSTRIAL MATTERS-DEATHS OF 1815-16 PIONEERS - GOLDEN WEDDINGS-OLD FAMILY RELICS - FAMOUS NATIVES-THE GERMAN RESIDENTS- ST. THERESA'S CATHOLIC CHURCH-DETAILS OF THE SHEFFIELD CELEBRATION- THE ABSENT ONES - HISTORIC PROGRAM ME - HUNTINGTON 'S HOME-COMING- MYRON T. HERRICK, NATIVE SON-PROFESSOR F. D. WARD-THE HIS- TORIC KELSEY BAND-PLANS FOR A CENTENNIAL-THE PERRY CENTENNIAL- LOCAL PARTICIPATION-THE NIAGARA RAISED FROM THE LAKE BOTTOM-GRAND WELCOME TO THE RESTORED FLAGSHIP-PERRY RELICS EXHIBITED - 127 CHAPTER X GENERAL COUNTY MATTERS AT FIRST, NO EDUCATIONAL FUND-LEGAL COMPENSATION IN 1803- ACTUAL LAND GRANT IN 1834-THE WESTERN RESERVE SCHOOL FUND -PROGRESS OF SCHOOL LAWS TO 1834-FOUNDATION OF PRESENT SYSTEM-THE AKRON LAW AND FREE GRADED SCHOOLS-TEACHERS' INSTITUTES-PIONEER SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS-MRS. AND MR. BRONSON-SCHOOLS FOUNDED IN 1810-20-THE STRUT STREET SCHOOL, BRO WNHEL M -PIONEER SCHOOLS IN ELYRIA AND WELLINGTON- RUSSIA TOWNSHIP SCHOOLS-HUNTINGTON AND AMHERST-FIRST SCHOOL IN PENFIELD TOWNSHIP-PRESENT STATUS OF COUNTY EDUCATION-THE COUNTY INFIRMARY-THE COUNTY HOME FOR CHILDREN-SUPERINTENDENTS AND MATRONS-AIM : TO PROVIDE PERMANENT HOMES-BUILDINGS- INTELLECTUAL AND MORAL TRAINING-PAST AND PRESENT MANAGEMENT-THE COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY-FIRST AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY-TOWN FAIR AT OBERLINORIGIN OF GOOD ROADS MOVEMENT COUNTY SOCIETY FOUNDED IN x - CONTENTS 1846-FIRST FAIR—LECTURERS APPOINTED—LADIES' HORSEMANSHIP INTRODUCED—PURE-BRED CATTLE—STAR FARMERS—FIRST ELECTION —IMPROVEMENTS OF GROUNDS—EARLY PREMIUMS DROPPED—LATER HISTORY OF THE SOCIETY—POPULATION OF THE COUNTY, 1830-1910-TOWNSHIPS AND CORPORATIONS, 1910, 1900, 1890-ELECTRIC UNIFICATION IN LORAIN COUNTY - 170 CHAPTER XI THE BENCH AND BAR GRAND OPENING OF FIRST TERRITORIAL COURT--HARRISON, LATER-DAY BIG BUCKEYE— FIRST COURT IN LORAIN COUNTY—GRAND JURY PURELY HONORARY—EARLY JUDGES AND ASSOCIATES—ASSOCIATES ABOLISHED—OLD BENCH MORE DEMOCRATIC—PHILEMON BLISS—FIRST PROBATE JUDGE—JOSIAH HARRIS—TWO NOTED PRESIDENT JUDGESWOOLSEY WELLES—DELEGATES TO THE 1851 CONVENTION—PRESENTDAY COURTS—COMMON PLEAS JUDGES, 1852-80-STEVENSON BURKE —WASHINGTON W. BOYNTON—JOHN C. HALE— EARLY PROBATE JUDGES—WILLIAM F. LOCKWOOD-LIONEL A. SHELDON- CHARLES H. DOOLITTLE—JOHN W. STEELE—LAERTES B. SMITH- PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS PREVIOUS TO 1880—JOEL TIFFANY—JOHN M. VINCENT—JOSEPH H. DICKSON—OTHER EARLY PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS— PIONEER LAWYERS, PURE AND SIMPLE—HORACE D. CLARK—OTHER FELLOW PRACTITIONERS—A. A. BLISS—JUDSON D. BENEDICT—MYRON R. KEITH— JOSHUA MYERS—JOHN V. COON—" FOREIGN " PRACTITIONERS —ACCESSIONS FROM 1845 TO 1860-SYLVESTER BAGG— ATTAINED PROMINENCE ABROAD— OBERLIN LAWYERS—JOHN M. LANGSTON—THE OBERLIN-WELLINGTON RESCUE CASE—CAME IN THE '60S AND "70S—J. C. HILL—ROSWELL G. HORR— RETROSPECT OF THE EARLIER BAR—BENCH AND BAR SINCE 1880-COMMON PLEAS AND PROBATE JUDGES —HON. DAVID J. NYE, VETERAN ACTIVE PRACTITIONER—HON. CLARENCE G. WASHBURN—LEADING MEMBERS OF THE BAR—THE BAR ASSOCIATION— NOTABLE CASES WITHIN FORTY YEARS - 197 CHAPTER XII DISTINGUISHED CHARACTERS DR. NORTON S. TOWNSHEND—JOHN HENRY BARROWS—DR. BARROWS' MOTHER—HIS ANTE-OBERLIN CAREER—THROUGH THE EYES OF CONTENTS - xi DAUGHTER AND FATHER-COLONEL CHARLES WHITTLESEY-JUDGE CHARLES CANDEE BALDWIN-LUCY STONE AND ANTOINETTE BROWN -GENERAL QUINCY ADAMS GILLMORE-A MORAL AS WELL AS PATRIOTIC HERO-HON. MYRON T. HERRICK-FRANK H. HITCHCOCK - 228 CHAPTER XIII MILITARY MATTERS CONTRIBUTIONS FROM OBERLIN COLLEGE-COMPANY C, SEVENTH OHIO INFANTRY-FATALITIES-THE SQUIRREL HUNTERS-COMPANY D, TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT-FATALITIES-COMPANY K, TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT- FATALITIES-REGIMENTAL HISTORY-COMPANY H, FORTY-FIRST REGIMENT- REGIMENTAL HISTORY-FORTY-SECOND OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY--COMPANY E-REGIMENTAL HISTORY-THE ONE HUNDRED AND THIRD INFANTRY-COMPANY F-COMPANY H-REGIMENTAL HISTORY-THE FORTY-THIRD INFANTRY-THE FIFTY-FOURTH REGIMENT-THE GERMAN ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTH-OTHER INFANTRY BODIES-BATTERY B, LIGHT ARTILLERY-FIFTEENTH OHIO INDEPENDENT BATTERY-SECOND REGIMENT, OHIO VOLUNTEER CAVALRY-THE TWELFTH OHIO CAVALRY-OTHER CIVIL WAR ORGANIZATIONS- FIFTH REGIMENT, OHIO NATIONAL GUARD 247 CHAPTER XIV LAND ROUTES GREAT INDIAN SHORE TRAIL-THE GIRDLED AND STATE ROADS-EARLY POST ROUTES-CANALS GIVE LORAIN THE GO-BY-THE OLD TURNPIKES-THE STAGE ERA-ELYRIA, FIRST RAILROAD CENTER-RAILROADS CRUSH SIDE-WHEEL STEAMERS-THE AWAKENING OF LORAIN"WHEN THE RAILROAD CAME "-THE GREAT RAILROAD DOCKS-THE NEW YORK CENTRAL SYSTEM-THE ELECTRIC LINES-MACADAM ROADS - 280 CHAPTER XV CORPORATE LORAIN BLACK RIVER " BOOM " OF THE '30s-RISE AND FALL OF CHARLESTON-THE SAVIORS OF THE TOWN-VILLAGE CHARTERED AS LORAIN-FIRST xii - CONTENTS SCHOOL AND POLICE DEPARTMENT-INCREASE OF POPULATION-INCORPORATION AS A CITY-CONSERVING PHYSICAL AND INTELLECTUAL HEALTH-THE FILTRATION PLANT-THE FIRE DEPARTMENT-EARLY EDUCATIONAL ITEMS-LORAIN 'S FIRST UNION SCHOOL-SPECIAL SCHOOL ELECTIONS- SUPERINTENDENTS AND CLERKS-STATISTICS -SCHOOL POPULATION—PRESENT SCHOOL BUILDINGS-THE LORAIN FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY-THE POSTOFFICE - 288 CHAPTER XVI COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL LORAIN THE BLACK RIVER STEAM BOAT ASSOCIATION-ERA OF WOODEN SHIP BUILDING- THE FISHING INDUSTRY-PIONEER AND VETERAN FISHERMEN-STATUS OF THE PRESENT INDUSTRY-LORAIN 'S FIRST IRON FURNACE--PLANING MILL AND STOVE WORKS-THE JOHNSON STEEL MILLS-FIRST GREAT PLANT LOCATED AT LORAIN-FOUNDING OF SOUTH LORAIN-SOUTH LORAIN AS IT IS-FIRST WORK ON THE JOHNSON HOLDINGS-OPENING OF THE LORAIN PLANT-OPERATIONS AS THE LORAIN STEEL COMPANY-THE NATIONAL TUBE COMPANY-OTHER LEADING INDUSTRIES-ERA OF STEEL SHIPBUILDING- EARLY IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVER AND HARBOR-DEVELOPMENT OF B. & O. TERMINALTHE HARBOR OF THE PRESENT-THE LORAIN BOARD OF COMMERCE-SOURCE OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHT AND POWER-TELEPHONE SERVICE-THE LORAIN BANKS-THE CITY BANK-NATIONAL BANK OF COMMERCE-THE OLD BANK OF LORAIN-THE CITIZENS SAVINGS BANK REORGANIZED-CLEVELAND TRUST COMPANY, LORAIN BRANCH-THE LORAIN SAVINGS & BANKING COMPANY-THE CENTRAL BANKING COMPANY-THE LORAIN BANKING COMPANY-THE GEORGE OROSZY BANKS - 304 CHAPTER XVII CHURCHES OF LORAIN OLDEST EXISTING CHURCH-THE METHODISTS AND LOT No. 205—"FATHER" BETTS AND THE PRESBYTERIANS-THE BAPTISTS HOLD EARLY SERVICES-THE PRESBYTERIANS " AT HOME "-METHODISTS ORGANIZE FIRST CHURCH-FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH-FIRST M. E. CHURCH-CHURCH OF CHRIST-ST. MARY'S ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH-TWENTIETH STREET METHODIST CHURCH-ST. JOHN 'S CONTENTS - xiii EVANGELICAL, FIRST BAPTIST, UNITED BRETHREN AND SECOND CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHES-EPISCOPAL CHURCHES-DELAWARE AVENUE AND GRACE M. E. CHURCHES-ST. JOSEPH'S ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH - CHURCH OF THE NATIVITY - HUNGARIAN CATHOLIC CHURCHES-OTHER SOUTH LORAIN CHURCHES-CHURCHES FORMED BY COLORED PEOPLE-THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH-THE FIRST CHURCH OF CHRIST, SCIENTIST-JEWISH SYNAGOGUE-FIRST ENGLISH LUTHERAN - HUNGARIAN REFORMED CHURCH - TRINITY BAPTIST CHURCH - 335 CHAPTER XVIII UPLIFTING FORCES THE PRESS-THE BLACK RIVER COMMERCIAL-THE LORAIN MONITOR-THE LORAIN TIMES-HERALD-THE LORAIN DAILY NEWS-THE POST -UPLIFTING SOCIETIES- -LORAIN 'S YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION-WOMAN 'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION-THE SISTERHOOD OF LORAIN-SOCIAL SETTLEMENT ASSOCIATION-LITERARY CLUBS-THE MAKING OF AMERICAN CITIZENS-MUSICAL ORGANIZATIONS-FEDERATION OF WOMEN'S SOCIETIES-THE ASSOCIATED CHARITIES-ST. JOSEPH 'S HOSPITAL-LODGES AND FRATERNITIES - 349 CHAPTER XIX PUBLIC AFFAIRS OF ELYRIA THE VILLAGE IN 1833-THE ELYRIA HIGH SCHOOL-FIRST. DISTRICT SCHOOLS-BOARD OF EDUCATION FORMED-JASON CANFIELD, FIRST SUPERINTENDENT-PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOL BUILDING ERECTED-COMPLETE CURRICULUM ADOPTED-FIRST HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES-OTHER SCHOOL EVENTS OF THE '60S-BOARD OF EDUCATION SPEAKS ITS MIND-CONSTRUCTION OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS-MANUAL TRAINING AND TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL-THE SOCIAL SETTLEMENT SCHOOL-ENROLLMENT OF PUPILS AND TEACHERS-THE PUBLIC LIBRARY-PROTECTION AGAINST. FIRE-INCREASE IN ELYRIA 'S POPULATION-PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS-THE ELYRIA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE- CIVIC IMPROVEMENT - LEGISLATION - MUNICIPAL SANITATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH - 360 xiv - CONTENTS CHAPTER XX CHURCHES, CHARITIES AND FRATERNITIES PIONEER RELIGIOUS BODIES-METHODISM IN ELYRIA-THE HEAD OF THE CIRCUIT-BECOMES A STATION-PERMANENT CHURCH BUILDING-NEW PARSONAGE-PASTORS WHO HAVE SERVED-BUILDING OF THE PRESENT HOUSE OF WORSHIP-PRESENT STATUS OF THE CHURCH-THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH-FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH-THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH-ST. ANDREW 'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH-ST. MARY 'S CHURCH AND PARISH-FIRST RESIDENT CATHOLIC PASTOR-DEATH OF REV. F. A. SULLIVAN-LONG PASTORATE OF REV. LOUIS MOLON-LESSON GIVEN TO A FUTURE PASTOR-DEATH OF FATHER SCHAFFIELD-ST. AGNES PARISH FORMED-ST. JOHN 'S GERMAN LUTHERAN CHURCH-OTHER CHURCHES-ELYRIA MEMORIAL HOSPITAL-GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS-THE W. N. GATES HOSPITAL-PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE HOSPITAL-ITS FOUNDING DESCRIBED BY THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE-THE YOUNG MEN 'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION-THE YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION-THE MASONS AND THEIR TEMPLE-THE MASONIC TEMPLE COMPANY-OTHER FRATERNITIES - 374 CHAPTER XXI NEWSPAPERS, INDUSTRIES AND BANKS NEWSPAPER AND RAILROAD PARALLEL-THE LORAIN GAZETTE-OHIO ATLAS AND ELYRIA ADVERTISER-THE ELYRIA COURIER-THE INDEPENDENT DEMOCRAT- GEORGE G. WASHBURN-THE ELYRIA REPUBLICAN-THE DAILY TELEGRAM-THE ELYRIA DEMOCRAT-THE LORAIN CONSTITUTIONALIST- FREDERICK S. REEFY-THE ELYRIA CHRONICLE-ELYRIA 'S MANUFACTORIES-THE SOUTHWESTERN TRACTION SHOPS-PRIMITIVE INDUSTRIES-THE TOPLIFF & ELY PLANT-WESTERN AUTOMATIC MACHINE SCREW COMPANY-ELYRIA CANNING COMPANY-THE GARFORD MANUFACTURING COMPANY-THE WILLYS-OVERLAND-COLUMBIA STEEL COMPANY-ELYRIA IRON & STEEL COMPANY- TROXEL MANUFACTURING COMPANY-THE AMERICAN LACE MANUFACTURING COMPANY - ELYRIA FOUNDRY COMPANY - THE PERRY-FAY COMPANY- WORTHINGTON COMPANY AND MA CHINE PARTS COMPANY-OTHER INDUSTRIES-ELYRIA GAS & ELECTRIC LIGHT CONTENTS - xv COMPANY-THE NATIONAL BANK OF ELYRIA-THE SAVINGS DEPOSIT BANK-THE ELYRIA SAVINGS & BANKING COMPANY-THE LORAIN COUNTY BANKING COMPANY - 404 CHAPTER XXII OBERLIN AS AN INSPIRATION THE COLLEGE A MODERN UNIVERSITY-COLLEGE AND TOWN FOUNDED TOGETHER-REV. JOHN J. SHIPHERD AND PHILO P. STEWART-THE HISTORIC ELM-PETER P. PEASE, FIRST OF THE COLONISTS-ERECTION OF OBERLIN AND LADIES' HALLS-FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH FOUNDED-THE BIG TENT AND CINCINNATI HALL-REV. ASA MAHAN, FIRST PRESIDENT-THE COLLEGE IN 1845-PRESIDENT FINNEY AND THE MEMORIAL CHAPEL-CONSOLIDATION OF LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS-OBERLIN STUDENTS' MONTHLY-PRESIDENTS FAIRCHILD, BALLANTINE AND BARROWS-THE MEMORIAL ARCH-PRESIDENT HENRY C. KING -THE GREAT ENDOWMENT FUNDS-OTHER BUILDINGS OF THE COLLEGE PLANT-CARNEGIE LIBRARY-THE OLNEY ART COLLECTION-WARNER, STURGES AND PETERS HALLS-RICE MEMORIAL HALL-NEW ADMINISTRATION BUILDING-THE MEN 'S BUILDING-THE ACADEMY BUILDINGS-WARNER AND WOMEN'S GYMNASIUMS-OUTDOOR SPORTS AND EXERCISE - LABORATORIES AND MUSEUMS - DORMITORIES FOR WOMEN-THE FACULTY-COLLEGE ADMINISTRATION-MUSICAL AND LITERARY ADVANTAGES-THE STUDENT BODY-GRADUATE FELLOWSHIPS-THE COLLEGE ENROLMENT-CHURCHES OF OBERLIN-THE FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH-CHRIST PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH-FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH-FIRST M. E. CHURCH-THE RUST M. E. CHURCH-CHURCH OF THE SACRED HEART-MOUNT ZION BAPTIST CHURCH-THE OBERLIN MISSIONARY HOME ASSOCIATION-THE OBERLIN HOSPITAL-WESTWOOD CEMETERY-SOCIAL, LITERARY AND BENEVOLENT ORGANIZATIONS-VILLAGE IMPROVEMENT AND SOCIAL BETTERMENT-THE OBERLIN GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC - 420 CHAPTER XXIII THE VILLAGE AND ITS INSTITUTIONS INCORPORATED IN 1846-ITS SCHOOLS-OBERLIN BUSINESS COLLEGE-WATER WORKS AND FIRE PROTECTION-GAS AND ELECTRICITY-FIRST xvi - CONTENTS NEWSPAPERS, COLLEGE PUBLICATIONS—THE BIBLIOT HE CA SACRA—THE LORAIN COUNTY NEWS—THE TRIBUNE—CURRENT COLLEGE PUBLICATIONS—OBERLIN BOARD OF COMMERCE—THE OBERLIN BANKING COMPANY—THE SAVINGS BANK COMPANY—THE PEOPLES BANKING COMPANY—THE CHADWICK FRAUDS IN OBERLIN—CARNEGIE TO THE RESCUE—VILLAGE ITEMS OF THE EARLY DAYS - 494 CHAPTER XXIV VILLAGE OF WELLINGTON HOW WELLINGTON WAS NAMED—UNEVENTFUL TWENTY YEARS—THE ACADEMY-PROGRESS OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS-INCORPORATION OF WELLINGTON VILLAGE—PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS—WELLINGTON WATERWORKS— THE HERRICK LIBRARY—WELLINGTON CHURCHES—THE FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH—THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH —THE WELLINGTON CHURCH OF CHRIST—THE BAPTIST CHURCH—THE CATHOLIC MISSION—THE WELLINGTON ENTERPRISE—THE FIRST WELLINGTON BANK—BIG ROBBERY—OLD—TIME DAIRY INTERESTS—HOME OF THE HORRS—WELLINGTON AS IT IS - 510 CHAPTER XXV VILLAGE OF AMHERST VILLAGE FOUNDED—FIRST QUARRIES OPENED—GROWTH AND CONSOLIDATION —THE CLEVELAND STONE COMPANY—THE OHIO QUARRIES COMPANY—THE UNION SCHOOL-SUPERINTENDENTS-THE TOWN HALL —PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS—THE PUBLIC LIBRARY—THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE—WATER AND SEWAGE SYSTEMS—GOOD STREETS AND SIDEWALKS—OTHER SIGNS OF PROGRESS—THE C HUR CHES—METHODISM — SOUTH AMHERST CHURCHES— AMHERST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH—ST. PETER'S EVANGELICAL CHURCH— ST. PAUL'S LUTHERAN CHURCH —ST. JOSEPH'S ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH —SALEM CHURCH ( EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION) — EPISCOPAL MISSION — LODGES — INDUSTRIES AND BANKS—NEWSPAPERS - 531 INDEX Academy Buildings, Oberlin College, 448 Academy, The, 511 Adair, V., 674 Adams, Charles F., 728 Adams, R. C., 901 Adams, William M., 692 Administration Building, Oberlin College, 446 Akron law and free graded schools, 173 Albright, Charles, 1051 Aldrich, W. Scott, 888 Allen, E. F., 652 Allen, P. C., 51 Allen, Pearl (Smith), (portrait), 586 Allison, Thomas B., 721 American Lace Manufacturing Company, 414 American Shipbuilding Plant at Lorain (view), 322 American Stove Company, 318 American system of land surveys, 35 Amherst as a village, 99; founded, 531; industries, 533; growth and consolidation, 534; public institutions, 537; water systems, 540; churches, 542; banks, 553; industries and banks, 553; fraternities, 553; newspapers, 554 Amherst Congregational Church, 547 "Amherst Free Press," 554 Amherst Hospital, 963 Amherst Public Library, 538 Amherst Town Hall, 537 Amherst Town Hall (view), 538 Amherst Union School, 536 "Amherst Weekly News," 554 Amherst township organized, 73; early settlers, 97; incorporated, 99; first officers, 99; schools, 175 Anderson, Robert G., 678 Andress, George H., 956 Andress, Henry M., 844 Andrews, F. E., 906 Andrews, S. J., 217 A Preglacial Gorge (view), 5 Arnold, Herbert E., 1012 Artemas Beebe Tavern, 1820 (view), 657 Artificial light and power, 331 Artress, Thomas H., 601 Aschenbach, C. G., 995 Associated Charities, 357 Ault, Stanley A., 711 Austin, Lewis, 101, 134 Avery, Floyd G., 877 Avery, William E., 876 Avon township organized, 73; settled, 100; created, 101; celebration, 131; physical features, 131; mysterious first settler, 131; first settlers, 131; first events, 136; industries, 137; first religious service, 137; pioneer schoolhouse, 138 Awakening of Lorain, 284 Babcock, Allison H., 587 Bacon, Aaron L., 899 Bacon, Lida M., 900 Bagg, Sylvester, 220 Baldwin, Charles C., 238 Baldwin Cottage (view), 451 Ballantine, William G., 435 Bank of Lorain, 332 Banks, 332, 416, 503, 527, 553 Banning, L. V., 919 Baptist Church, Wellington, 526 Baptists, 337, 382, 526 Barnes, Lewis, 994 Barrows, John H., 230; 437 Bartholomew, J. W., 961 Bassett, Henry, 635 Bassett, Miles S., 1039 Battery B, Light Artillery, 272 Battle of Lake Erie, 165 Beck, Henry A., 770 Beckley, Harley O., 1003 Bedortha, Luther, 151 Beebe, Artemas, I, 656 Beebe, Artemas, II, 658 Beebe, Artemas, III, 659 Beebe, David, Sr., 92 Beebe, Pamelia, 658 Beebes and Perrys of Black River, 94 Beebe home, first, 106 Beebe tavern, 105, 657 Behnke, C. J., 959 Belden, Homer B., 887 Bench and bar, 197; since 1880, 226 Benedict, Judson D., 218 Bennington Atalanta, 941 Bennington, Thomas B., 940 Betts "Father," 336 xvii xviii - INDEX Bibliotheca Sacra Company, 501 "Big Buckeye," 198 Big robbery, 527 Big Tent, 426 Billings, Frank C., 826 Binehower, Joseph, 779 Birds, 20 Bivin, Claude B., 719 Black River "boom" of the 30's, 288 Black River Commercial, 349 Black River settlement, 88 Black River Steamboat Association, 87, 304 Black River township organized, 73, 95 Blakeslee's Old Mill, Carlisle township (view), 120 Bliss, A. A., 218 Bliss, Philemon, 201 Board of education, Elyria, 362 Boise, L. S., 966 Born, John D., 941 Botany of Lorain County, 13 Boundaries, 67 Bouquet, Colonel, 33; expedition, 33 Box, George H., 865 Boynton, A. J., 578 Boynton, Patrick H., 577 Boynton, Washington W., 207, 572 Bradley, F. E., 640 Braman, Charles M., 644 Braman, William A., 643 Brandt, Fred C., 994 Branson, Alan R., 781 Braun, Ed H., 1043 Brighton township organized, 73, 120 Brooks, Walter E., 1017 Brown, Antoinette, 240 Brown, M. G., 1034 Brownhelm quarry, 533 Brownhelm township organized, 73; created, 111; pioneers, 110 Brunk Machine and Forging Company, 318 Brunk, Philip, 714 Brush, Marie H., 649 Brush, Lafayette, 648 Buchs, Peter, 935 Buell, George L., 692 Building of the first steamboats, 304 Burgett, Lawrence A., 886 Burgett, LeRoy P., 1021 Burke, Stevenson, 206 Burrell, Edward, 155 Burrell, Elbert J., 589 Burrell, Isaac, 140, 149 Burrell, Mahala, 590 Burrell, Jabez, 140, 149 Burrell, James, 149 Burrell, Robbins, 154 Burrell, Solen, 152 Bursley, George F., 1005 Busy Day on West Main Street (view), 530 Butler, Richard, 35 Buttenbender, Charles H., 910 Cahoon family, 101, 131 Cahoon, Horace J., 131, 707 Cahoon, Wilbur, 101, 132 Cahoon, William E., 710 Caley, Daniel, 151 Calkins, J. H., 1020 Camden Lake, 18 Camden township organized, 73, 123; pioneers, 124 Cameron, E., 703 Campbell, H. A., 998 Canals give Lorain the go-by, 282 Canfield, Jason, 363 Carlisle township organized, 73, 119; pioneers, 119 Carnegie Library (view), 440 Carnegie Library, Oberlin College, 441 Carpenter, Ephraim K., 705 Carpenter, Lavina C., 706 Carter, John, 151 Cassell, George C., 972 Catholic Mission, Wellington, 526 Catholics, 340, 383, 526 Celoron, 29 Centennial celebrations, 126 "Centennial Herald," 127 Centennial Log Cabin, Elyria (view), 128 Central Baking Company, 333 Chadwick Frauds, 504 Chamberlain, George H., 637 Chamberlain, Wells A., 1035 Chamber of Commerce, Amherst, 539 Chapin, Roswell, 933 Chapman, Erie D., 623 Chapman Family, 618 Chapman, Harlan P., 622 Charleston village, 88; rise and fall of, 290 Chillicothe Land District, 37 Christ Protestant Episcopal Church, 465 Chronicle Printing Co., The, 781 Church of Christ, 340 Church of Christ, Wellington, 525 Church of the Nativity, 345 Church of the Sacred Heart, Oberlin, 471 Churches, 156, 159, 335, 374, 462, 516, 542, 545 Churches formed by colored people, 346 Cincinnati Hall, 426 Cincinnati Land District, 38 Cinniger, Albert W., 588 Citizens Gas and Electric Light Company, 331 Citizens Savings Bank, 333 City Bank Company, 332 Civil government, 27, 49 Civil jurisdiction from 1807 to 1811, 66 Civil organization, 72 Civil war, 247 Civil war soldiers, 153 INDEX - xix Clark, Horace D., 216 Clark, Leonard, 124 Clark, Perkins K., 819 Clement, Ernest F., 768 Cleveland, Gen. Moses, 58 Cleveland Stone Company, 535 Cleveland, Southwestern & Columbus Traction Company, 411 Cleveland Trust Company, 333 Clifford, L. F., 1028 Cole, Stephen M., 848 College townships, 48 Collegiate Institute, 184 Colson, Frederick W., 782 Columbia Steel Company, The, 413, 817 Columbia township organized, 73, 91 Comings, William R., 722 Common pleas judges, 206 Company C, Seventh Ohio Infantry, 249; fatalities, 250 Company D, Twenty-third regiment, 252; fatalities, 252 Company K, Twenty-third regiment, 253; fatalities, 253 Company H, Forty-first regiment, 255 Congregationalists, 380 Congress Lands, 36 Connecticut Land Company, 57 Connecticut Western Reserve, 36, 40 Consolidation of Library Associations, Oberlin College, 431 Constitutional convention of 1851, 204 Conway, Thomas A., 806 Cook, Lester C., 957 Cook, Minnie M., 957 Coon, John V., 219 Corts, John L., 900 Country of Canahogue, 58 County Board of Education, 176 County boundaries, adjustment of, 67 County Infirmary, 177 County-seat location, 69 Courts, 198 Cowley, John, 868 Crehore, Charles J., 889 Crehore, George, Sr., 151 Crisp, Ernest J., 605 Crisp, George E., 603 Crisp, Mary L., 604 Crisp, William, 764 Crittenden, William, 113 Croghan, George, 30 Crooks, Sumner G., 631 Crosse, Franklin P., 734 Cuddeback, Mrs. G. L., 154 Curious mounds razed, 139 Current College publications, 503 Cushing, Charles F., 871 Cushing, Charles H. 873 Cutler, Dr. Manasseh, 49 "Daily Telegram," 408 Daugherty, Fred A., 1011 Daugherty, Henry R., 903 Davidson, Andrew, 931 Davidson, Andrew W., 674 Davidson, John E., 898 Davidson, Samuel, 576 Davies, D. W., 606 Davies, Walter A., .902 Davis, L. T., 857 Davis, Noah, 132 Day, Cornelia, 150 Day, Hubert, 769 Day, John, 140, 150 Day, Mary E., 13 Day, Maud A., 564 Day, May, 146 Day, Norman, 140 Day, Sumner B., 562 Day, William, 152 Decker, David, 952 de la Galissoniere, Marquis, 29 Delaware Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church, 344 Delawares move westwardly, 32 Delia & Galli, 749 Delia, Angelo, 748 Dellifield, George, 939 Denn, Fred E. 815 D'Iberville, M., 28 Dickson, Joseph H., 215 Dimick, C. J., 992 Dinichthys Terelli, 2 Disbrow, M. L. gr., 1000 Distinguished L., 228 Donation Tract, 36 Douglas, Edward A., 592 Dudley, Carl H., 829 Dudley, John B., 920 Duff, Captain, 151 Dunmore, Lord, 33; squatters, 35 Dunn, Oscar G., 736 Durand, Bert 0., 667 Eady, Henry J., 575 Earliest record of Lake Shore Region, 127 Early hotels, 89 Early judges, 200 Early mills, 92 Early post routes, 281 Eaton township organized, 73; early settlers, 93; settled, 93 Edwards, Charles P., 661 Edwards, James L., 1021 Edwards, Pierrepont, 100 Eightieth anniversary of Sheffield Congregational Church, 156 Eldred, Dewitt, 816 Electric lines, 287 Electric unification in Lorain County, 191 Ely, Heman, 69, 104, 625 Ely, Heman, Jr., 628 Ely, Heman (portrait) 96 xx - INDEX Ely Home, 105 Elyria, county seat at, 71; founded, 104; laid out, 105; pioneer villagers, 108; surveyed, 109; first lot sold, 109; post-office established, 109; city of today, 110; first school, 175; first railroad center, 283; incorporated, 360; in 1833, 360; schools, 361; school events of the '60s, 364; fire department, 368; population, 368; public improvements, 369; churches, 374; hospitals, 391; newspapers, 404; industries, 410, banks, 416 Elyria Business College, The, 599 Elyria Canning Company, 412 Elyria Chamber of Commerce, 369 "Elyria Chronicle," 410, 781 "Elyria Courier," 406 "Elyria Democrat," 409 Elyria Foundry Company, 415 Elyria Gas & Electric Light Company, 416 Elyria High School, 361 Elyria Iron & Steel Company, 414 Elyria Memorial Hospital, 391, 650; (view) 392 Elyria Public Library, 367, 738 "Elyria Republican," 407 Elyria Savings 8! Banking Company, 419 Elyria township organized, 73; settled, 104; partitioned, 107; surveyed, 109; erected, 110 Emanuel Evangelical Church, 335 English Lutheran Church, 347 English serve notice of possession, 29 Episcopal Mission, Amherst, 553 Episcopalians, 343, 363, 553 Equalizing land values, 64 Era of wooden ship-building, 305 Evans, Alfred B., 999 Everson, Isaac, 759 Everson, Mary, 760 Fairchild, James H., 432 Fair grounds, 188 Famous Beebe tavern, 105, 657 Famous law cases, 222 "Father" Betts, 336 Fauver, Frank R., 828 Federation of Women's Societies, 357 Ferris, Woodbridge N., 51 Fifield, Henry O., 1022 Fifteenth Ohio Independent Battery, 274 Fifth regiment, Ohio National Guard, 278 Fifty-fourth regiment, 269 Filtration plant, Lorain, 292 Finkel, C. C., 976 Finney, Charles G.. 431 Finney Memorial Chapel, 432 Fire lands, 36, 41, 63 First Agricultural Society, 184 First Baptist Church, 342, 382 First Baptist Church, Oberlin, 470 First Beebe home, 106 First Church of Christ, Scientist, 347 First colony of permanent settlers, 90 First commissioners' meeting, 72 First Congregational Church, Elyria, 380 First Congregational Church of Lorain, 336 First Congregational Church, Oberlin, 426; (view) 463 First Congregational Church, Wellington, 516 First county fair, 185 First courthouse and jail, 71 First court in Lorain county, 199 First English Evangelical Lutheran Church, 347 First federal census of Lorain County, 189 First Frame House in Elyria (view), 361 First Growth Forest Tree (view), 14 First judiciary, 54 First mail in the Western Reserve, 281 First Methodist Episcopal Church, Lorain, 339 First Methodist Episcopal Church, Oberlin, 470 First Methodist parsonage on the Western Reserve, 375 First National Bank of Wellington, 527 First Ohio Company, 30 First Presbyterian Church, 346 First probate judge, 202 First settler in French Creek Village, 135 First territorial court, 198 Fisher, Lewis, 984 Fisher, Orsemus L., 985 Fishermen, 310 Fishes of Lorain County, 23 Fishing industry, Lorain, 308 Flora of Lorain County, 18 Folger, Thomas, 646 Ford, Jesse E., 1031 Forty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 260 Forty-third infantry, 267 Founder of Rural Free Delivery, 156 Fraternities, 400, 489, 528, 553 French Creek Village, 135 French Grant, 36, 45 French Northwest Territory, 28 French scheme of colonization, 28 French took formal possession of Louisiana, 29 Friday & Thomas, 697 Friday, Carl G., 697 Fulton, .John, 50 Fur-hunting expeditions, 78 INDEX - xxi Galli, Caesar A., 749 Gannet, S. S., 51 Garfield, Milton, 153 Garford, Arthur L., 579 Garford Manufacturing Company, 412 Gas springs, 11 General View of South Lorain Steel Mills (view) 319 Geologic Map of Ohio, 1 Geology of Lorain County, 1 George, S. Jesse, 730 George Oroszy Banks, 334 German residents, 159 Geukes, Henry W., 921 Gibbs, Earl N., 923 Gibson, L. D., 893 Gillmore, Edmund, 726 Gillmore, Maj.-Gen., Quincy A., 241, 725 Gillmore, Quincy A., 728 Girdled and state roads, 281 Gist, Christopher, 30 Glacial period, 5 Glattstein, Adolph, 856 Glew, Arthur T., 781 Gnadenhutten, 79 Gold hunters of 1849-50, 152 Golden weddings, 158 Good Roads Movement, 184 Goss, Clair O., 653 row, Theodore C., 700 Grace Methodist Episcopal Church, 344 Grafton, 114 Grafton township organized, 73; pioneers, 113 Grand Army of the Republic at Oberlin, 491 Grand welcome to the restored flagship, 166 Great historic waterways, 28 Great Indian Shore Trail, 280 Great railroad docks, 286 Greer, Hugh D., 756 Green, William, 1007 Gregg, Frank B., 915 Grills. Albert T., 949 Grills, Wesley L.. 676 Gunn, H. D. A., 855 Haag, Anna M.. 919 Haag, John J., 918 Hacker, Henry, 948 Hada way Brothers. 811 Hadaway, George H., 811 Hadaway, Louis. 786 Hagman. Albert V., 671 Hahn, George A., 950 Haist, Frederick, 922 Hale, Alfred E., 855 Hale, John C., 209 Hall, Fred L., 845 Hall, Hugh L., 954 Hamilton, William H., 591 Hamlin, Lorenzo D., 757 Haning, E. C., 1051 Hannaford, Florence H., 569 Harris, Josiah, 98, 202 Harris, Judge Josiah (portrait), 98 Harris, William, 54 Harrison, Melvin F., 765 Hart, G. A., 975 Hasenflue, Charles J., 945 Haserodt, John F., 715 Haserodt, Oscar P., 717 Haserodt, Otto E., 716 Hathaway, R., 933 Hawley, Cyrus W., 1039 Heckewelder, John, 81, 280 Hecock, Davis, 149 Hecock, Erastus, 149 Hecock, Harry J., 843 Heldmyer, William, 568 Henderson, John T., 802 Hendricks, Maurice E., 850 Henrietta Township organized, 73, 122; first settlement, 123; pioneers, 123 Herrick Public Library, 514 Herrick, Myron T., 163, 245 Hewitt, James A., 787 Hill, J. C., 224, 732 Hinkson, Harry, 754 Hiscox, William A., 679 Historic contributions on Sheffield township, 146 Historic Elm, Oberlin, 423; (view) 424 Historic Sheffield program, 161 Hitchcock, Frank H., 246 Hitchcock, Henry H., 951 Hollingsworth, George W., 1003 Holy Trinity Catholic Church, 138 Horn, Conrad A., 803 Horr, Roland A., 529 Horr, Roswell G., 225 Horr, Roswell P., 529 Horsley, James T., 636 Hospitals, 358, 391 Houff, Joseph M., 696 Houghton, John W., 519, 1012 How the Reserve became national territory, 52 How the Reserve was sold, 55 Howk, L. E., 898 Hubbard, F. I., 892 Hughes, William L., 878 Hume, Thomas J., 682 Hungarian Catholic Churches, 345 Hungarian Reformed Church, 347 Huntington, W. R., 946 Huntington township organized, 73; incorporated, 116; first settlers, 116; early industries, 117; organized, 117; schools, 175 Huntington's Centennial, 164 Huntington's home-coming, 162 Hurd, Judson N., 929 Hurst, J. Harry, 792 Husted, D. S., 852 xxii - INDEX Hutchins, Thomas, 33 Hyland, Daniel W., 688 Improvements of river and harbor, 323 "Independent Democrat," 406 Indian wars, 33 Indians, 31, 33; subdued, 54; adopt first white settler, 75 Ingersoll, C. B., 927 Ingersoll, George W., 837 Ingersoll, Henry W., 738 Ingersoll, William, 113 Irish, Charles M., 1024 Iron industries, 311 Jackson, Alexander L., 867 Jackson, Andrew J., 974 Jackson, Calvin, 861 Jaeger, William, 1050 Jameson, Joseph B., 136 Jamieson, Charles T., 912 Jefferson County in 1797, 59 Jelley, John T., 702 Jenkins, Earl G., 800 Jenne, A. K., 996 Jewett, Frank F., 1030 Jewish Synagogue, 347 Joliet, 28 Johnson, John B., 846 Johnson, Ray D., 916 Johnson Steel Mills, 312 Johnston, Charles W., 216 Johnston, Elcie M., 596 Johnston, Paul M., Sr., 746 Johnston, Paul M., Jr., 747 Johnston, Thomas, 744 Jones, Augustus, 151 Jones, Charles A., 820 Jones, Charles S., 990 Jones, Prof. Lynds, 20 Judges, 73, 198 Kaiser, John, 774 Kaiser, Louis P.:775 Keith, Myron R., 219 Kelly, Charles R., 944 Kelly, George B., 639 Kelly, James M., 851 Kelsey Band, 163 Kendeigh, Milo C., 1046 Killip, Edward T., 891 King, Frank J., 942 King, Henry C., 438 Kingsbury, Joseph, 121 Kinnison, R. H., 914 Klinect, William H., 805 Knapp, H. Lynn, 752 Kothe, Louis W., 909 Krebs, W. J., 1001 Laboratories and museums, Oberlin College, 450 Laborie, John, 116 Ladies' Hall (view), 425 Lagrange, 122 Lagrange township organized, 73, 121; pioneers, 121 Lagron, Arthur P., 718 Lake captains, 151 Lake ridges, 6 Lake Shore Electric Railroad, 156 Land drawings, 65 Land grant in 1834, 171 Land of the Delawares, 30 Land routes, 280 Langston, John M., 221 Last Beebe house, pride of the town, 107 LaSalle, 28 Lathrop, Alice W., 571 Latteman, John A., 938 Lawrence, Amos E., 879 Lawyers, 198 Lee, Arthur, 35 Lee, Norman, 926 Leonard, Samuel S., 853 Lersch, Carl T., 742 Lersch, John, 740 Lersch, Robert B., 743 Life Saving Station at Lorain (view), 310 Lifting of Indian and State titles, 34 Light and power, 331 Lindsley, W. B., 999 Literary Clubs, 355 Little, Sarah C., 467 Lockwood, William F., 210 Lodges and fraternities, 359 Lorain, early shipbuilding industry, 87; founding of, 97; incorporated, 288; first school, 291; police department, 291; population, 292; incorporation as a city, 292; water system, 292; fire department, 294; schools, 295; first union school, 295; free public library, 300; commercial and industrial, 304; first iron furnace, 311; industries, 318; banks, 332; harbor, 326; newspapers, 349; hospitals, 358; lodges and fraternities, 359 Lorain Banking Company, 334 Lorain Board of Commerce, 329 Lorain Casting Company, 318 "Lorain Constitutionalist," 409 Lorain County surveyed, 62; organized, 62; in the Civil war, 248 Lorain County Agricultural Society, 183 Lorain County Courthouse, Elyria, (view) 70 Lorain County Children's Home, 179 Lorain County Children's Home (view), 180 Lorain County Infirmary, 177 Lorain County Infirmary (view), 178 "Lorain County News," 502 Lorain County Savings & Trust Company, 419 INDEX - xxiii Lorain County Teachers' Institute, 177 Lorain Crystal Ice Company, 318 "Lorain Daily News," 351 "Lorain Gazette," 405 Lorain High School (view), 299 Lorain Milling Company, 318 "Lorain Monitor," 350 Lorain Perry Home Week, 165 Lorain Postoffice (view), 302 Lorain Savings & Banking Company, 333 Lorain Social Settlement Association, 355 Lorain Steel Company, 317 "Lorain Times-Herald," 350 Lord, Addison E., 694 Lord, Charles C., 777 Lord Cottage, 452 Lord Dunmore's Squatters, 35 Lord, William F., 784 Loveland, Abner, 121 Loveland, William, 982 Lozier, C. E., 817 Lucas, Stuart H., 824 Macadam roads, 287 Mahan, Asa, 427 Manley, Henry W., 1009 Mammals of Lorain County, 22 Manual Training and Technical High School, 366 Map of Lorain County, 67 Mapes, George, 660 Marietta Land District, 38 Marquette, 28 Masonic Temple Company, 401 Masonic Temple, Elyria (view), 402 Masons, 489, 528, 553; their temple, 400 Massacre at Gnadenhutten, 79 Maynard. Orlando T., 665 McConnell, Stewart, 1008 McFadden, James A., 771 McQueen, A. F., 890 McQueen, Fred B., 894 Meek, J. A., 829 Memorial Arch (view), 436 Memorial Arch, Oberlin College, 437 Mendelson, Solomon, 864 Mennell, Allen E., 885 Mennen Family, 884 Mennell, Jay D., 885 Mennell, Perry, 1028 Men's Building (view), 449 Men's Building, Oberlin College, 446 Metcalf, Eliab W., 1053 Metcalf, George P., 216 Metcalf, Maynard M., 1056 Methodist Episcopal Church, Wellington, 519 Methodists, 336, 375, 519, 542 Military matters, 247 Miller, Henry, 778 Miller, Nathan, 1025 Mills, Edgar D., 1041 Mills, Isaac, 111 Ministerial Lands, 48 Mitchell, A. W., 1027 Monroe, Albert, 849 Montour, Andrew, 30 Mooney, James B., 804 Moore, Leonard M., 571 Moore, Smith W., 783 Moravian colony, 79 Moravian colony return to the Muskingum, 84 Moravian Lands, 46 Moravian missionaries, 75 Morgan, Thomas W., 894 Moriarty, Alma R., 630 Morse, Charles L., 634 Morse, Levi, 631 Mosher, George A., 594 Mosher, William E., 595 Mounds, 139 Mount Zion Baptist Church, 472 Murray, Charles D., 988 Murray, James A., 990 Musical Organizations, 356 Mussey, Henry E., 217 Mussey, Reuben, 217 Myers, Joshua, 219 National Bank of Commerce, 332 National Bank of Elyria, 416 National Stove Company, 318 National Tube Company, 317 Nash, Simeon, 1042 National Vapor Stove & Manufacturing Company, 694 Native and migratory birds, 20 Natural gas, 11 Naylor, Samuel, 964 Naylor, Sarah, 965 Nelson, Thomas L., 739 New Connecticut, 40 New York Central System, 286 Newspapers, 349, 404, 500, 526, 554 "Niagara," the raised, 166 Nichols, Allen M., 869 Nichols, Byron G., 655 Nichols, Charles A., 629 Nichols, John J., 629 Nichols, W. G., 818 Nieding, Anthony. 798 Nielsen, Hans P., 566 Noakes, Benjamin T., 574 Northern international boundary, 69 Northwest Territory, 34 Nye, David J., 226, 557 Oberlin College, 420; the modern university, 421; and city founded together, 422; first college building, 425; University incorporated, 427; in 1845, 428; objects of, 430; great endowment fund, 439; buildings, 441; laboratories and museums, 450; fac- xxiv - INDEX ulty, 452; administration, 456; musical and literary advantages, 457; student body, 458; graduate fellowship, 461; enrollment, 461 Oberlin, founding of, 112; town fair, 184; lawyers, 221; first colonist, 424; churches, 462; fraternities, 489; incorporated, 494; schools, 494; water works system, 498; fire department, 498; newspapers, 500; village items of the early days, 506 Oberlin Agricultural Society, 184 Oberlin Banking Company, 503 Oberlin Board of Commerce, 503 Oberlin Business College, 496 Oberlin Federation for Village Improvement and Social Betterment, 490 Oberlin G. A. R., 491 Oberlin Hospital Association, 486 Oberlin Hospital (view), 486 Oberlin Missionary Home Association, 472, 474 "Oberlin College Review," 435 "Oberlin Students' Monthly," 431 Oberlin-Wellington Rescue case, 222 "Ohio Atlas and Elyria Advertiser," 405 Ohio Canal Lands, 46 Ohio Company, 30 Ohio Company's Purchase, 36, 43 Ohio-Michigan boundary, 50 Ohio National Guard, 278 Ohio Quarries Company, 536 Ohio shale, 1 Ohio Valley, 27 Oil, 11 Old American House (view), 526 Old family relics, 158 Old Hill and Baptist Church, The, (view), 543 Old-time fireplace, 106 Old turnpikes, 282 Old Union School of 1857 (view), 363 Oldest Existing Church, 335 Olds, Emma S., 585 Olmsted, George, 215 Olney Art Collection, 442 One Hundred and Third Infantry, 263 One of the First Frame Houses Built in Amherst Township (view), 586 One of the Great Amherst Quarries (view), 534 Opening of the Lorain steel plant, 317 Ordinance of 1787, 49 Original Cahoon tract, 133 Original organization of the townships, 73 Ormsby, Caleb (portrait). 532 Ormsby, "Aunt Kate" (portrait). 532 Oroszy, George, 334 Oroszy, George, Banks, 334 Other Civil war organizations. 277 Other infantry bodies. 272 Otterbacher, H. C., 662 Park, Charles F., 931 Park, Elah, 135 Park, William C., 932 Parsch, Christian, 582 Parsch, John C., 583 Parsons, Charles C., 242 Parsons, John G., 989 Parsons, Judge, 57 Parsons, Zavalah R., 813 Part of Plant of National Tube Company (view), 319 Paterson, John, 1023 Payton, Archie C., 896 Peabody, Otis E., 1026 Pease, Seth, 62 Pelton, Floyd M., 968 Penfield, Peter, 118 Penfield, Truman, 118 Penfield township organized, 73, 119; first settlers, 118; named, 118; first school, 176 Penney, Fred J., 688 Peoples Banking Company, 504 Permanent settlers, 90 Perry Centennial, 165 Perry-Fay Company, 415 Perry relics exhibited, 168 Peters Hall, 446 Peters Hall (view), 445 Phipps, Emma, 925 Phipps, Wesley B., 924 Pierce, Clarence E., 905 Pierce, Elisha M., 680 Pierce, Ernest L., 962 Pilgeruh, 80 Pilgrim's Rest, 80 Pioneers, 56, 91, 95, 108, 110, 119, 132, 135, 140, 149, 151, 157 Pioneer and veteran fishermen, 310 Pioneer frame house in Lagrange Township (view), 122 Pioneer land buyer, 57 Pioneer lawyers, 216 Pioneer schools and teachers, 173 Pioneer settlement, 74 Piqua Land District, 38 Pittsfield township settled, 100; drawn, 103; first permanent settlers, 103; organized, 73, 104 Plato, Albert A., 649 Planing mill and stove works, 312 Plant life, collectors of, 19 Plocher, Alvin J., 701 Pollock. John J.. 608 Pond, Chauncey N., 601 Pond, Norman M., 917 Population of the county, 1830-1910, 189 Portion of Elyria High School (view). 365 Pounds, Harry A., 753 Prehistoric remains, 22 Preparedness, 86 Presbyterians, 336 INDEX - xxv Present County Jail (view), 71 Present-day courts, 205 Present school buildings, Lorain, 298 Present status of county education, 176 Prince, George C., 836 Progress of school laws to 1834, 172 Prosecuting attorneys previous to 1880, 212 Pryce, Samuel V., 827 Public education in the Western Reserve, 170 Public High School (view), 511 Public Lands, 36 Public Library Decorated for Home-Coming Week (view), 539 Quarries, 533 Railroads, 155, 283 Raisings, 109 Randall, Winthrop, 152 Ranshaw, George B., 796 Rath, Thomas, 694 Rathwell, Frank S., 892 Rawson, Charles B., 822 Rawson Faustina B., 685 Rawson, Samuel B., 684 Reamer, Chambers D., 1052 Redington, Eliphalet, 96 Redington, Harry M., 743 Redington, Horace G., 762 Reefy, Eva L., 841 Reefy, Frederick S., 839 Reefy, Karl P., 836 Reefy, Philip D., 834 Refugee Tract, 36, 45 Regimental history, 253, 255, 261, 264 Relics of French adventures, 130 Republican Printing Company, The 1033 Resek, O. Adolphus, 880 "Reporter," 554 Retrospect of the earlier bar, 225 Rice Memorial Hall, 446 Rice Memorial Hall (view), 447 Rice, Robert H., 764 Richey, Francis O., 751 Richmond, Elmer A., 958 Ridgeville, 8 Ridgeville, pioneer settlers of, 91 Ridgeville township organized, 73, 93 River and harbor Improvements, 323 Rochester township organized, 73, 124 first settlement, 124 Rochester, 124 Roe, William E., 799 Rogers, E. B., 895 Rogers, George, 35 Rogers, Pliny H., 833 Ross, James, 115 Root, Aaron, 150 Root, Ephraim, 115 Root, Lyman, 92 Root, Orville, 567 Root, William H., 150 Rosecrans, Edgar F., 1056 Ruggles, Almon, 64 Russia township organized, 73, 113; first school , 114; incorporated, 114; settlement of, 111; schools, 175 Rust, Albert F., 831 Rust, Bonnie E., 832 Rust Methodist Episcopal Church, 471 St. Agnes Catholic Church, 390 St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, 383 St. Clair, Gen. Arthur, 53 Sts. Cyril and Methodius Church, 346 St. David's Episcopal Church, 343 St. John's Evangelical Church, 341 St. John's German Lutheran Church, 390 St. Joseph's Catholic Church, Amherst, 550 St. Joseph's Catholic church, Lorain, 550 St. Joseph's Hospital, 358 St. Ladislaus Catholic Magyar Church, 345 St. Mary's Catholic Church, ,Elyria, 383 St. Mary's Catholic Church, Lorain, 340 St. Paul's Lutheran Church, Amherst, 550 St. Paul's United Evangelical Church, 391 St. Peter's Evangelical Church, Amherst, 549 St. Theresa's Catholic Church, Sheffield, 159 Salem Church (Evangelical Association), Amherst, 551 Sampsell, Joel V. 767 Sampsell, Paul W., 795 Sanford, Frank A., 690 Savage, Charles H., 731 Savings Bank Company, 504 Savings Deposit Bank, 418 Scene in Cascade Park, Elyria (view), 9 Schaffeld, John T., 593 Schaible, Charles, 874 Schaible, John 874 Schibley, Jacob H., 997 Schibley, W. H., 965 School Lands, 46 School elections, 296 School statistics, 297 School population, Lorain, 297 Schools, 173, 494, 511, 536 Schools founded in 1810-20, 174 Schwartz, Frank E., 862 Schwarz, Charles C., 882 Second Baptist Church, 346 Second Congregational Church, Lorain, 342 Second Congregational Church, Elyria, 382 xxvi - INDEX Second Congregational Church, Oberlin, 465 Second Methodist Episcopal churches, 346 Second Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, 274 Seher, William, 704 Settlements from 1807 to 1812, 85 Seward, Dennis W., 607 Seward, James B., 682 Shaking Hands Over the Interstate Boundary (view), 51 Sharp, William G., 807 Shaw, Stanley G., 616 Sheffield Centennial, 139, 160 Sheffield, Joseph G., 1034 Sheffield Land Company, 314 Sheffield township organized, 73; settled, 100; pioneers, 102; first township after county organization, 102; celebration, 139; first colonists, 140; pioneer families, 141; churches, 143, 156, 159; first events, 144; organization, 144; decease of pioneers, 145; historic contributions, 146; industries, 147; in the Civil war, 152; first railroad, 154; history, 1865-1915, 154; deaths of 1815-16 pioneers, 157; industrial matters, 157; famous natives, 158 Sheldon, Lionel A., 211 Shelley, James H., 1044 Sherman, C. E., 51 Shipbuilders, 151 Ship-building, 305, 320 Shrubs, 16 Shupe, Jacob, 97 Silic, William C., 823 Simonson, George, 970 Sisterhood of Lorain, 355 Six Nations, 27 Slab Hall (view), 427 Smalley, Charles W., 785 Smith, Burdette S., 876 Smith, C. D. 817 Smith, Charles W., 863 Smith, Frank A., 789 Smith, F. A. & Brother, Company, 790 Smith, Henry F., 647 Smith, James, 75, 128 Smith, James C., 860 Smith, Laertes B., 212, 675 Smith travels, 128 Smith, Will M., 790 Smythe, F. A., 1050 Smythe, John J., 691 Snow, Clemon H., 686 Snyder, George N., 971 Social Settlement School, Elyria, 366 Soils, 8 Soldiers, 153, 247 Sorosis Club, 355 South Amherst Churches, 545 South Lorain, founding of, 314; of today, 316 Spafford, Amos, 64 Spear Zoological Laboratory, 444 Spencer Band, 163 Spencer, Calvin, 118 Sperry, E. E., 686 Spiegelberg, William H., 955 Sponseller, F. M., 1038 Squatters, 35 Squirrel hunters, 252 Stage era, 282 Stankard, Edward J., 612 Starr, Justus M., 913 State Line Monument, 50 Status of Lorain County Highways (map), 287 Steel plant, 155 Steel shipbuilding, 320 Steele, Elizabeth K., 300 Steele, John, 135 Steele, John W., 212 Stetson, Frank A., 774 Stetson, Rinaldo R., 772 Steubenville Land District, 39 Stevens, Frank M., 751 Stewart, Samuel L., 677 Stickney, Albin, 136 Stiwald, A. E., 980 Stone Carvings by Water (view), 9 Stone, Lucy, 240 Stolzenburg, Henry, 810 Stolzenburg, William, 794 Storrs, Lemuel, 121 Straus, August, 809 Street, Titus, 111 Streeter, S. M., 957 Strenick, James F., 883 Strickland, Earl J., 761 Strut Street School, Brownhelm, 174 Sturges Hall, 444 Summers, Charles R., 595 Surplus Lands, 64 Surveys of western lands, 52 Sutliff, Blanche, 897 Sutliff, George M., 897 Sweet, Waterman, 135 Symmes, John Cleves, 53 Symmes Purchase, 36, 45 Talcott Hall, 453 Tank family, 482 Tank Home for Missionary Children, 476 Tank Home for Missionary Children (view), 473 Tappan Hall (view), 429 Taylor, A. Eugene, 591 Teachers' Institutes, 173 Telephone service, 331 Terrell, Ichabod, 92 The Herrick Public Library (view), 514 INDEX - xxvii The Historic Elm (view), 424 The "Niagara" raised, 166 The Old Hill and Baptist Church (view), 543 "The Post," 351 Thew Automatic Shovel Company, The, 318, 1048 Thew, Richard, 1057 Thomas, David, 706 Thomas, Glade B., 698 Thompson, William B., 723 Tiffany, Joel, 213 Tiffin Land District, 39 Tillotson, Albert Z., 670 Tod, George, 203 Topliff, John A., 615 Town Fair at Oberlin, 184 Townsend, Norton S., 228 Townships settled during the war, 100 Townships, organization of, 73 Transportation, 156 Trees, 13 "Tribune." Oberlin, 503 Trinity Baptist Church, 348 Troxel, David S., 560 Troxel Manufacturing Company, 414 Trumbull County (1800) recognized, 60 Tucker, Charles E., 700 Twelfth Ohio Cavalry, 276 Twentieth Street Methodist Church, 341 Twining, W. T., 986 Two noted president judges, 203 Unique bog, A, 18 United Brethren Church, 342 United Military Lands, 36 United States Military Lands, 42 Vandemark, Roy F., 763 View on Broad Street, Elyria (view), 370 Village of Elyria founded, 104 Vincent, John M., 215 Virginia Military Lands, 36, 42 W. N. Gates Hospital, 394 Wadsworth, Leon H., 1045 Walker, Russell, 156 Wallace, Timothy, 141 Walton, Elizabeth, 673 Walton, George. P., 672 Walton Ice Company, 672 War scare of 1812, 86 Ward, C. W., 683 Ward, F. D., 163 Ward, Robert C., 830 Warner and Sturges Halls, 444 Warner Gymnasium, 448 Warner Hall (view). 443 Warren, Frank D., 981 Warren, W. D., 905 Washburn, Clarence G., 227, 653 Washburn, George G., 407, 569 Washington County (1796) claimed jurisdiction in Western Reserve, 58 Watters, E. E., 904 Watts, Walter H., 927 Wayne County in 1796, 59 Webber, Amos R., 641 Webber, Lawrence H., 642 Webster, Edward F., 977 "Weekly News," 554 Weidmann, Jacob, 936 Weller, George L., 670 Welles, Woolsey, 204 Wellington, 116; first school, 175; how named, 510; schools, 511; incorporated, 512; public improvements, 512; waterworks, 512; churches, 516; newspapers, 526; banks, 527; fraternities, 528; old-time dairy interests, 528; as it is, 530 "Wellington Enterprise," 526 Wellington Public Library, 980 Wellington township organized, 73; original owners and settlers, 114; first family, 115; organized, 116 Wells, Addison, 842 Wesbecher, Joseph, 882 West, Anson O., 875 West, Edward H., 967 Western Automatic Machine Screw Company, 412 Western lands, 52 Western lands surveyed, 63 Western Reserve in 1829, 40; how sold, 55; acreage of, 57; civil complication, 60; trustees of, 66; school fund, 172 Western Reserve Historical Society, 58 Westwood Cemetery, Oberlin, 487 When the railroad came, 284 Whitney, Frank S., 1006 Whitney, Mark A., 678 Whitney, Otis J., 991 Whitney, Terry C., 983 Whitney, William, 712 Whiton, Ebenezer, 73 Whittlesey, Charles, 238 Wilcox, Calvin, 609 Wilcox, Harvey C., 611 Wilcox, Hubbard A., 610 Wild flowers, 17 Williams, David A., 1018 Williams, Larkin, 136 Williams, Perry S., 1033 Williams, Salonas A., 1010 Williams, Seward H., 1043 Williams, William T., 960 Willis, Frank B., 51 Willys-Overland Company, 413 Wilson, Charles E., 668 Wilson, George H., 866 Winckles, Carey T., 814 Winckles, Harvey T., 791 Winckles, Thomas T., 663 Wiseman, George R., 963 Wolf, Frederick C., 907 xxviii - INDEX Wolf, Ida, 908 Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 354 Women's Dormitories, Oberlin College, 451 Women's Gymnasium, Oberlin College, 448 Wood, H. B., 858 Wood, H. B., farm, 858 Wood, Marshall A., 859 Wood, Reuben, 204 Woodruff, Lewis, 152 Wooster Land District, 39 Worcester, Erwin, 624 Worcester, Perry G., 664 Worthington Company and Machine Parts Company, 415 Wright, G. Frederick, 1058 Wurmser, Henry 0., 666 Wurst, Henry W., 847 Wurst, Samuel E., 937 Young Men's Christian Association, 352, 397 Young Men's Christian Association Building (view), 397 Young, Nicholas, 101, 134 Zanesville Land District, 39 Zeisberger, David, 79, 84 Ziegler, Frank, 987 Zilch, Conrad, 977 Zimmerman, Lois A., 943 Zimmerman, Louis, 943