HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY, PENN SYLVAN IA, WITH BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF MANY OF ITS PIONEERS AND PROMINENT MEN. EDITED BY BOYD CRUMRINE. ILLUSTRATED PHILADELPHIA: L. H. EVERTS & CO. 1 8 8 2. PRESS OF J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO., PHILADELPHIA. SEARCH ENGINE When you reach the page you have been referred to by the search engine, search this page by going to the top of your browser, click Edit and then click find on this page. Type in the desired search word and click. This will take you to the places on the page where this word is found. It will take you through all of the places that this word is found on this page INDEX 1 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 PREFACE. AN apologetic, preface is not intended by what is here written, for it is believed that in this History of Washington County there are perhaps as few errors and imperfections as any reasonable critic ought to expect in so comprehensive a work. Whatever defects may appear (and what work of man is free from defects ?), they are certainly not chargeable to a want of effort and care to avoid them ; and those who have been engaged in the preparation of this work only ask the favor that before it be subjected to unfavorable comment it be carefully examined, not in isolated portions, but in its whole scope and character. Far from being unwilling to submit to honest and intelligent criticism, they will be glad to have any substantial inaccuracies pointed out. By such criticism alone can this work be affected ; captious fault-finding, often arising out of unworthy jealousies, cannot prevail with intelligent men. But it is rather desired here to make a remark or two as to the history of the book now delivered to those for whom it was written. And in this connection it may be premised that if any one individual, on his own account, could have devoted the necessary time and industry to the preparation of a full and accurate history of the county, covering the ground the writers of this history have endeavored to cover, it is confidently believed that, there being but a local demand for such a work, it would have been vain to hope that it could have been pub. lished and sold so as to repay the author for the time, labor, and expenditure involved. To those who wished to see something like an approach to a complete history. of Washington County, the proposals of the enterprising publishers to publish the work after a plan and method of their own seemed to offer the only opportunity within reach, and hence it was that the writer of these lines, after the approval of good friends, on whose judgment he could rely, was led to aid the enterprise, not only by a contribution to its pages, but by way of general oversight and direction of the whole. It was soon found, however, that, beyond the chapters contributed, there was but little need of his assistance, for Major Franklin Ellis, of New York City, the gentleman by whom much the larger part of the work was prepared, brought with him long experience and great skill in historical investigation, an enviable facility of composition, together with laborious industry and carefulness. And he was aided by gentlemen—one of whom, Austin N. Hunger-ford, Esq., of Ithaca, N. Y., deserves special mention—who also were possessed of special fitness for the gathering from all sorts of sources of the innumerable and disjointed details which have gone to make up the history of localities; and, not only that, they have all along received constant encouragement and valuable suggestions from leading men in the county, too many in number to acknowledge by name here. It may be unusual, but, as his associates came here as strangers, the writer desires in this place to bear witness to all who may be interested in this - 3 - 4 - PREFACE. work that in the labor performed by the gentlemen named they have evinced at all times while it progressed the most absolute good faith and painstaking desire for accuracy and completeness. In explanation of the method adopted, more especially in the preparation of the chapters upon the civil and legal history, the writer would state that the idea of presenting original documents, in full or by quotation, as they lay before him, rather than to paraphrase their contents in his own language, was followed from deliberate choice as the best method of presenting local history. Thus the actors speak for themselves, and the reader is not asked to take upon faith the statements of another as to what is really contained in their communications. True, a sentence often might have represented the substantial contents of a letter or paper of some length, but the reader is supposed to desire rather to see and read the letter or paper for himself. This will, no doubt, be appreciated by the thoughtful. One word as to the matter of the portraits, other illustrations, and biographical sketches not immediately connected with the historical character of the work, a feature, however, with which those engaged as investigators and writers have had nothing whatever to do, as being outside of their employment. This feature sometimes is made the subject of thoughtless criticism. Let it here be said the work is intended, to some extent, to indicate the present development of the county, side by side with the history of its past. For obvious reasons, then, wait for twenty, thirty, forty years of our future to elapse, when the present and its people shall have become more interesting. Then, it is submitted, this very feature of the work in which there are presented the portraits and biographical sketches of a few of the representative men of each condition of life, as well as illustrations of their homes and their surroundings, showing the county of to-day, will of itself have become of very great interest and importance. Time, indeed, will place this feature of the work in its proper light. This history, thus the work of many hands, is now with the reader, a record of our past, for present and future instruction and entertainment. The longer it is possessed perhaps the more it may be prized. Not a page has been stereotyped, and only copies enough have been, printed to supply the subscribers and those who labored upon it; hence it cannot hereafter be found in the market, and year by year it will become a possession more and more valuable to the owner. B. C. WASHINGTON, Sept. 20, 1882. CONTENTS. I.—WASHINGTON COUNTY IN HISTORY—LOCATION. BOUNDARIES, AND TOPOGRAPHY—THE INDIAN OCCUPATION 13 II—THE FRENCH AND ENGLISH CLAIMS TO THE TRANS - ALLEGHENY REGION — GEORGE WASHINGTON'S VISIT TO THE FRENCH FORTS IN 1753 21 III.—FRENCH OCCUPATION AT THE HEAD OF THE OHIO—WASHINGTON'S CAMPAIGN oF 1754 34 IV. — BRADDOCK'S EXPEDITION IN 1755 44 V.—INCURSIONS AND RAVAGES DURING THE FRENCH OCCUPATION—CAPTURE OF FORT DU QUESNE AND EXPULSION OF THE FRENCH—EXPEDITIONS UNDER BOUQUET 53 VI.—DUNMORE'S WAR 64 VII.—THE REVOLUTION 74 VIII.—THE REVOLUTION—( Continued) 110 IX.—THE CIVIL AND LEGAL HISTORY 138 X.—THE CIVIL AND LEGAL HISTORY — (Continued) 148 XI.—THE CIVIL AND LEGAL HISTORY— ( Continned) 158 XIL—THE CIVIL AND LEGAL HISTORY— (Continued) 169 XIII.—THE CIVIL AND LEGAL HISTORY — ( Continned) 182 XIV.—THE CIVIL AND LEGAL HISTORY —(Continued) 196 XV.—THE CIVIL AND LEGAL HISTORY—(Continued) 204 XVI.—THE CIVIL AND LEGAL HISTORY — ( Continued) 212 XVIL—THE CIVIL AND LEGAL HISTORY — (Continued) 222 XVIII.—THE CIVIL AND LEGAL HISTORY — ( Continued) 235 XIX.—THE CIVIL AND LEGAL HISTORY — (Continued) 249 XX.—THE WHISKEY INSURRECTION 262 XXI.—WAR OF 1812-15—TEXAN AND MEXICAN WARS 306 XXII.—WAR OF THE REBELLION 310 XXIII.— WAR OF THE REBELLION—( Continued) 319 XXIV.—WAR OF THE REBELLION—( Continued) 322 XXV.—WAR OF THE REBELLION—( Continued) 329 XXVI.—WAR OF THE REBELLION—(Continued) 334 XXVII.—WAR OF THE REBELLION—( Continued) 342 XXVIII.—WAR OF THE REBELLION—( Continued) 346 XXIX.—WAR OF THE REBELLION—( Continued) 349 XXX.—WAR OF THE REBELLION—(continned) 353 XXXI.—WAR OF THE REBELLION—( Continued) 362 XXXI I.—GEOLOGY—MINING 365 XXXIII.—INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS    370 XXXIV.—RELIGIONS HISTORY 398 XXXV.—RELIGIONS HISTORY —(continued) 425 XXXVI.—EDUCATIONAL HISTORY 438 XXXVII.—COUNTY BUILDINGS— CIVIL LIST—COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES—POPULATION 463 BOROUGHS AND TOWNSHIPS. WASHINGTON BOROUGH 476 MONONGAHELA CITY 585 CANONSBURG BOROUGH 601 CALIFORNIA BOROUGH 628 WEST BROWNSVILLE BOROUGH 635 ALLEN TOWNSHIP 643 AMWELL TOWNSHIP 652 BUFFALO TOWNSHIP 673 CANTON TOWNSHIP 686 CARROLL TOWNSHIP 691 CECIL TOWNSHIP 698 CHARTERS TOWNSHIP 707 CROSS CREEK TOWNSHIP 721 DONEGAL TOWNSHIP 742 EAST BETHLEHEM TOWNSHIP 764 EAST FINLEY TOWNSHIP 774 EAST PIKE RUN TOWNSHIP 782 FALLOWFIELD TOWNSHIP 789 FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP 796 HANOVER. TOWNSHIP 802 HOPEWELL TOWNSHIP 811 INDEPENDENCE TOWNSHIP 824 JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP 836 MORRIS TOWNSHIP 842 MOUNT PLEASANT TOWNSHIP 850 NORTH STRABANE TOWNSHIP 866 NOTTINGHAM TOWNSHIP 882 PETERS TOWNSHIP 887 ROBINSON TOWNSHIP 900 SMITH TOWNSHIP 910 SOMERSET TOWNSHIP 931 SOUTH STRABANE TOWNSHIP 952 UNION TOWNSHIP 960 WEST BETHLEHEM TOWNSHIP 969 WEST FINLEY TOWNSHIP 979 WEST PIKE RUN TOWNSHIP 986 - 6 - ILLUSTRATIONS. Alexander, J. W. Alexander, William J Allison, John Autographs of Justices of Old Virginia Courts Baker, Enoch Barnard, Samuel Barr, John S. Bentley, George Blachly, S. L. Caldwell, A. B., Residence of <>p>Court-House, Sheriff's Residence, and Jail Craig, Walker Craighead, James Crumrine, George Davis, William Denniston, Samuel Dickson, James G. Ducking-Stool Ewing, John H. Farrar, John Frazier, Thomas Hall, John, Stock-Farm of Hanna, Mrs. S R. Hawkins, S. R Hazlett's Bank Hazzard, T. R Henderson, Joseph Hopkins, James H. Hopkins, William Howe, S. B. Jefferson College at Canonsburg in 1842 Lawrence, G. V Lee, William Little, James D., Residence Map, Draft of Surveys Virginia Settlement, Map, Outline, Illustrating the Boundary Controversy between Pennsylvania and. Virginia Map showing District of West Augusta and Counties of Ohio Map showing French Occupation of the Ohio Valley Map of Washington County from 1781 to 1788 Map, Outline, of Washington County facing 627 facing 578 720 .... facing 204 facing 671   “ 978   " 944   " 968   " 848   " 504 ....  " 467   " 724   " 706   " 976   " 957   " 964   " 614 206 facing 556   " 929   " 760   " 688   " 558   " 948   " 528   " 598 563 facing 562   " 560   " 635 415 facing 574   " 732   " 712 between 192, 193 .... .... facing 191 .... between 182, 183 .... facing 138 ....   " 222 between 12, 13 Maxwell, George C., Residence of Maxwell, John McConnell, Alexander, Jr. McConnell, Alexander, Sr. McFarland, Samuel MeKennan, W. McLain, William McMillan's Log Cabin Academy McNary James S. McNary, William H. Murray's Block, West Alexander Noble, T. C. Part of Washington in 1842 Patterson, James Paul, Huston Paxton, John G., Residence of Plan of the town of Washington Pees, Zachariah Perrine, David Prehistoric Pipe Presbyterian Church, West Alexander Pringle, J. S Proudlit, J. L. Public School, Monongahela City Ramsey, George Reed, Parker Richard Yates' Survey Ritchie's Block Ritchie, W. H. S. Shirts, Harry, Residence of Sloan, Rev. James Smith, William Soldiers' Monument Southwestern State Normal School Speers, S. C. Sphar, Henry Stephens, J. W. Stewart, Robert Stocks and Pillory Swagler, Jacob Swart, Andrew J. Townsend, Elijah Trinity Hull, from Playground. Trinity Hall Boarding-School Trinity Hall, east view Vance, Samuel Warne, James Walker, D. S. Walker, John N. Washington College in 1842 Wasson, L. J. Work, George T. facing 646 " 820 between 718, 719   " 718, 719 facing 564 facing 249   " 762 440 between 714, 715   " 714, 715 752 facing 758   " 496   " 727   " 954   " 708 between 476, 477 facing 880   " 840 956 facing 749   " 642   " 930   " 595   " 959 822 193 facing 623   " 624 between 542, 543 facing 585   " 940 552 facing 462   " 849   " 651   " 936   " 838 222 facing 950 672 facing 899   " 459   " 458   " 459   " 952   " 600 facing 740   " 736 446 facing, 886   " 816 PREFACE. INDEX. - A - Academies, 450, 667, 749, 904. Acheson family, 479. Acheson, A. W., 247. Acheson, David, 376, 654. Acheson, Thomas, 307, 638. Adams Express on the National road, 381. Addison, Alexander, 243, 267, 270, 289, 485. Advance, 509. Advertiser, 582. Advocate and Day Spring, 582. African M. E. Church, Washington, 524; Monongahela City, 588;    Canonsburg, 621. Agnew family, 711. Agricultural fairs and societies, 472, 622, 928. Alexander family, 768. Alexander, Joseph, 385. Alexander, Dr. J. W., 627. Alexander, William J., 596. Allegheny County erected, 241. Allen family, 646. Allen's Fort, 916. Allen, Rev. Moses, 906. Allenport (Independence), 647. Allen township, 643; erection, 643; early settlers, 643; Allenport, 647; schools, 648;    justices, 648; religious societies, 648; cemeteries, 648. Allison family, 673, 689, 707. Allison, Col. James, 707. Allison, Jonathan, 720. Allison (Rev. Thomas) family, 831. Alrich, Rev. Dr. William P., 940. American Republic and Spirit of Washington, 582. Amity, 660. Amwell township, 652; justices, 652; early settlers, 652; Amity, 660; churches, 661, 666,    668, 669, 670; postmasters, 665 ; physicians, 665; Ten-Mile village, 665; Lone Pine (Pin    ;Hook), 665; Pleasant Valley Academy, 667 ;    Bane Town, 668; Baptist Church, the first religious society in the county, 669;    schools, 670. Anderson, Rev. Abraham, 406. Anderson, Rev. John, 821. Anti-slavery societies, 646; meetings mobbed, 547. Armor family 804. Armstrong, Col. James, 329. Armstrong's expedition, 57. Assessments, Mutual Life Insurance Association, 528. Associate judges, 244; list, 249. Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, Miller's Run, 716; Patterson's Mills, 739. Associators, 154 n. Atcheson family, 852. Atkinson family, 799. Attorneys, roll of, 250. Attorneys-general, deputy, list of, 2.50. Auditors, list of, 470. - 64 - Augusta County, resolutions of Revolutionary Committee, 74, 180; district of West Augusta, map, facing 184. Augusta Town, 185 n., 211 , 216. Aurora, 582. Axtel family, 655, 801. - B - Bailey family, 901. Baird family, 244, 541. Baird, Dr. Absalom, 272, 280, 541, 548. Baird, George, 542. Baird, Thomas H., 244, 307, 377, 383, 386, 393, 531, 542, 547, 554. Baird, William, 542. Baker, Enoch, 671. Baker's Bottom, Logan's family slain, 66. Bald Eagle, 20. Baltimore boundary agreement, 190; final ratification of, 195. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, 391. Bane family, 652. Bane Town, 668. Banks and Bankers: The Branch Bank of Philadelphia, 524; Bank of Washington, 525;    Franklin Bank of Washington, 526; First National Bank of Washington, 526; Samuel Hazlett's     Bank, 528; Hopkins, Wright & Co., 528; Washington Savings-Bank, 528; Alexander & Co.,    578; People's Bank, 578; Canonsburg Savings-Fund Society, 614; Canonsburg Savings-Bank,    614; Canonsburg Bank, Limited, 615; Farmers' Deposit Company, 614; Burgettatown National Bank, 920.    Baptist Church, Washington, 517; Monongahela City, 587; North Ten-Mile, 668; Amwell (the    first church society in the county), 669; Buffalo, 684; Carroll, 692; Pleasant Grove, Donegal,    758 ; East Bethlehem, 772 ; East Finley, 779; Fallowfield, 794; Peters Creek, 967; Robinson,    904; Pigeon Creek, 938; German Baptist (or Dunkard), 975; North Wheeling, 985. Barnard, Samuel, 978. Barr, John 8., 948. Bassett Town, 477. Battle of Bushy Run, 63. Battle of Great Meadows, 38. Battle of Point Pleasant, 72. Bavington, 927. Bavington family, 927. Beall family, 768. Beard family, 797. Beaver County erected, 242. Beaver, the Delaware king, 17, 144. Bebont family, 838. Bedford County erected, 147; early townships, 148; early assessment-rolls, 148. Beelor, Joseph, 91, 152, 196, 890. Beelor, Samuel, 900, 964. Beelor's Fort, 900. Belle-View Camp-Meeting Grounds, 833. Bench and Bar, 235, 249. Bentley family, 933. Bentley, George, 969. Bentleysville, 937. Berry family, 702, 860, 875. Beveridge, Rev. Dr. Thomas, 406. Biggert family, 901. Biographies of    Alexander, William J., 598.    Alexander, Dr. J. W., 627.    Allison, Hon. Jonathan, 720.    Baker, Enoch, 671.    Barnard, Samuel, 978.    Barr, John S., 948.    Bentley, George, 969.    Blachly, Dr. Stephen L., 848.    Brownlee, Dr. J. C., 762.    Craig, Walter, 740.    Craighead, James, 706.    Crumrine, George, 978.    Davis, William, 957.    Denney, Dr. William, 764.    Denniston, Samuel, 969.    Dickson, Dr. James Glenn, 626.    Eagleson, Dr. D. S., 761.    Ewing, Hon. John H., 656.    Farrar, Hon. John, 929.    Frazier, Thomas, 759.    Grim, Dr. William L., 764.    Hanna, Mrs. Sarah R., 658.    Hawkins, S. R., 950.    Hazzard, Hon. T. R., 598.    Henderson, Joseph, Esq., 564.    Hopkins, Hon. James H.,.662.    Hopkins, Hon. William, 580.    Howe, Maj. S. B., 635.    Irwin, John, 685.    Lawrence, Hon. George V., 597.    Maxwell, John, 824.    Lee, Maj. William, 741.    McCleary, William, 780.    McConnell, Alexander, Sr., 718.    McConnell, Alexander, Jr., 719.    McFarland, Samuel, 564,    McLain, William, 759.    McNary, James S., 880.    McNary, William Hill, 717.    McQuown, James, 763.    Mayes, Joseph Finley, 762.    Noble, Thaddeus Clark, 758.    Parkinson, Dr. Joseph, 834.    Patterson, James, 739.    Paul, Huston, 957.    Pees, Zechariah, 881.    Perrine, David, 842.    Plants, Leonard, Sr., 781.    Pringle, John Snyder, 642.    Proudfit, John L., 930.    Ramsey, George M, 958.    Reed, Parker, 822.    Ritchie, W. H. 8., 624. - 995 - 996 - INDEX. Biographies of    Sloan, Rev. Dr. James, 599.    Smith, William, 947.    Smith, William, Jr., 947.    Speers, Henry, 649.    Spears, S. C., 649.    Sphar, Henry, 651.    Sprowls, Drs. J. N., I. N., Lee M., 763.    Stephens, John W., 949.    Stewart, Robert, 842.    Stockdale, Robert, 651.    Swagler, Jacob, 949.    Swart, A. J., 672.    Teagarden, Dr. James W., 764.    Townsend, Elijah, 899.    Vance, Samuel, 957.    Walker, David S., 741.    Walker, John N., 741.    Warne, Major James. 600.    Wasson, Rev. Luke J., 887.    Work, Maj. George T., 823. Blachly family, 848. Blachly, Dr. Stephen L., 848. Blaine family, 636. Blaine, Ephraim L., 636, 638 n. Blaine, Hon. James G., 637. Blair, Dr. Alexander, 544. Blair, Dr. Isaiah, 542. Blockhouses, 73, 678, 689, 707,724,736,744, 775, 804, 825, 855, 900, 916. Boggs family, 674. Boggs, Lydia (Mrs. Kruger), 674, 678. Boice family captured, 112. Boquet's expeditions, 62, 63. Boundary controversy, 158, 175, 237 n., 239; map illustrating, facing 190. Boundary line run and marked, 197 el seq. Bower family, 767. Bower, John, 386, 767. Boyd family, 813, 827, 838. Boyd, David, 814. Boyd, David M., 814. Bracken family, 700. Brackenridge, H. H., sketch, 236; see Whiskey Insurrection, passim. Braddock's expedition and defeat, 44; death, 52. Braddock's road, 141, 370. Bradford family, 872. Bradford, David, 250, 259; see Whiskey Insurrection, passim, 483, 707. Brady, Capt. Samuel, 77, 79, 89, 483. Branch Bank of Philadelphia, Washington 524 Briceland family, 604. Briceland's company of militia, 604. Briceland's Cross-Roads, 807. Brodhead, Col. D., 88; expedition, 93. Brown, Rev. Dr. Matthew, 444, 510, 619, 878, 896. Brown, Rev. Dr. A. B., 879, 897. Brownlee family, 677, 800, 828. Brownlee, Dr. J. C., 762. Brownlee, Rev. J. T., contributions, 399, 405, 831. Brownson, Rev. Dr. J. I., contributions, 438, 460, 610. Bruce, David, 917. Bryson family, 487, 745. Buchanan family, 825. Buffalo township, 673; justices, 673; early settlers, 673; Taylorstown, 679; physicians 689; churches, 680; schools, 684. Buffalo village, 822. Bulger, 928. Bumgarner family, 765. Burd's road, 371. Burgett family. 916. Burgettetown, 916. Burgettstown Call, 921. Burgettstown Enterprise, 921. Burning gas-well, 850. Burnsville, 983. Bushy Run, battle of, 63. Butler family, 569. - C - Caldwell family, 812. California borough, 628; incorporation, first election, 628; newspapers, 628; borough officers,/p>    630, business men, 630; boat-building, 630; churches, 631; cemeteries, 633; societies, 633;    Grand Army of the Republic, 634. Campbell family, 725, 851, 911. Campbell, Elder Alexander, 418. Campbell, Elder Thomas, 416. Campbell, Col. John, 221, 888. Campbell, Parker, sketch, 251, 307, 377, 489, 638. Campsey family, 745. Candor, 904. Canon, Col. John, 129, 205, 224, 225; sketch, 226, 268, 278, 601. Canonsburg Academy, 451, 603. Canonsburg Bank, limited, 615. Canonsburg borough, 601; Theological Seminary, 405 ; early settlers, 601; Canonsburg    Academy, 451, 603; town-plats, early lot-holders, 606; incorporation, bounds, lists of officers,    608; market-house, 609, 611; fire-engine and company, 611; early taverns, 611 ; post-offices    and postmasters, 611 ; newspapers, 612; physicians, 613; banks, 614; library, 616; schools,    615; Sabbath-schools, 616; churches, 616; Oak Spring Cemetery, 621; Freemasons, 623;    Odd-Fellows, 623 ; Grand Army of the Republic, 623 ; ice industry, 623; rolling-mill, 624 ;    Chartiers woolen-factory, 624. Canonsburg Herald, 612. Canonsburg Saving-Fund Society, 614. Canonsburg Savings-Bank, 614. Canton township, 686; justices, 686; early settlers, 686; schools, 690. Cardville, 919. Carman family, 826. Carpenter, John, captured, 103. Carroll Gazelle, 582. Carroll township, 691; erection and boundaries, 691; early settlers, 691; Columbia    (Pittsborough), 692; justices, 697. Catfish, 20, 476. Catfish Camp, 20, 66, 71, 145 ; council of war at, 185. Catholic Church in Washington County, 423; St. James, West Alexander, now Sacred Heart,    Claysville, 424, 756; Church of the Immaculate Conception, Washington, 424; Church of the    Transfiguration, Monongahela City, 424, 587; East Pike Run, 788. Caveat, James, 205. Cecil township, 698; early settlers, 698; justices, 703; Venice, 703; churches, 703; Pennsylvania     Reform School, 705. Celeron's expedition, 23. Cemeteries, Washington, 550; Monongahela City, 589; Canonsburg, 621; California, 633; Allen,     649; West Alexander, 752. Centreville, 770. Chamberlin, B. B. 247. Chambers family, 668. Chartier, Peter, 18,138, 163. Chartiers Creek, origin of name, 164 n.; once navigable, 602. Chartiers township, 707; justices, 707; early settlers, 707; Houstonville, 715; Locust Hill or    McConnell's Mills, 715; Allison's coal-works, 715; churches, 716; schools, 716. ; Chartiers Valley Agricultural Association, 622. Chartiers Valley Railroad Company, 396. Chartiers woolen-factory, 624. Chautauqua, Lake, 24, 181 n. Cherry family, 854. Cherry's Fort, 855. Christian Church of Washington County, 416; Washington, 520; California, 631; Pleasant    Valley, 666; Donegal, 756; Fallowfield, 795; West Middletown, 818; Independence, 833;    Peters Creek, 895; Vanceville, 938; Burnsville, 983. Church, the first organized in Washington    County, 669. Churches, see the several townships. Citizens' Fire Company, 502. Citizens' Library, 540. Civil and Legal History, 138-262. Clark family, 900. Clark, Rev. Dr. John B., 617. Clark, Dr. Matthew H., 545, 710. Clarke, George Rogers, 65, 70; expeditions, 86, 94, 227. Claysville, 753; early titles, 753; early taverns, 753; early residents, 754 ;     newspapers, 755;    incorporation, 754; justices, 755; churches, 755. Claysville Sentinel, 755. Clemens family, 675. Clemens, Christiana, 674. Clerks of Commissioners, list, 470. Clerks of Court, list, 469. Clokey family, 875. Cloud family, 853. Coal Bluff, 965. Coal-mines and mining, 365, 389, 788, 841, 909. Coleman, Rev. W. M., contribution, 791. Columbia, 692. Colvin family, 790. Colvin family, 931. Commissioners, list of, 469. Commissioners to run boundary, report, 200. Commonwealth, 509. Concord, 847. Connit family, 845. Connolly, Dr. John, 66, 70, 158, 165, 169, 173, 180, 181. Cook family, 656, 843. Cooke (John L.) family, 711. Coon Island, 763. Cooper family, 791, 800. Cooper's company, three months' service, 311. Corbley, Rev. John, 305, 529, 669. Cornplanter at Washington, 477. Cornstalk, 72. Coroners, list, 469. Council of war at Catfish Camp, 185. County Home, 468. Court-house and prison, erection and changes, 464. Court list, 249. Court, West Augusta County, records, 204. Court, Yohogania County, records, 212. Courts, early terms, 236, 240, 464. Courts, where first held, 464. Cox, Gabriel, indictments, 239. Cox, Capt. Isaac, 221, 744. Cox's Fort, 192. Craig family, 816. Craig, Walter, 731, 740. Craighead family, 701, 706, 708, 872. Craighead, James, 706. INDEX - 997 Craighead, Dr. Thomas B., 613. Crawford family, 766. Crawford-Neville military title, 708, 712. Crawford, Col. William, 68, 72, 76, 147, 151, 189, 192, 207;    captured and burned, 124-126. Crawford's expedition, 111. Cresap, Michael, 65, 70, 71,76, 167,177, 209,638. Cresap, Thomas, 370. Criss family, 836. Croghan, George, 19, 26, 28; lands, 167. Crooks, Gen. Richard, 308, 309. Cross Creek Academy, 462. Cross Creek township, 721 ; erection and boundaries, 721 ; early settlers, 721 ; Cross Creek    village, 732; physicians, 732 ; schools, 733; justices, 736; churches, 736. Cross Creek village, 732. Crow family, 846. Crumrine family, 767. Crumrine, Boyd, contribution, 138-262. Crumrine, George, 978. Culley family, 806. Cumberland County, 147. Cumberland Presbyterian Church, Washington County, 410; Washington, 523; Monongahela    City, 588; Amwell, 670; Millsboro, 772; East Finley, 780; East Pike Run, 788 ; Franklin, 801;    Morris, 846. Cumberland road, 374; see National road. Cunningham, Samuel, 224, 527. Cunningham family, 224, 483, 527, 690. Curry family, 657. Cuthbertson, Dr. John, 828, 840. - D - Daily Republican, 682. Davis family, 815, 933. Davie, Rev. D. J., contribution, 620. Davis, William, 957. Day family, 844. Delawares, history, 15 ; influence, 92 ; defection, 93. Delegates in Congress, address of, 181. Deuniston, Samuel, 968. Denny, Dr. William, 764. Deputy Attorneys-General, /50. Devore family, 883. Dickerson family, 798. Dickinson township, 241. Dickson, Dr. James Glen, 624. Dille family, 708. Dillow family, 804 Dillow's Fort, 804. Dinsmore, 928. Dinsmore family, 689. Dinsmore's Fort, 689. Disciples of Christ, see Christian Church. District attorneys, list, 250. District of West Augusta, map of, facing 184. Doak, Robert, 954. Dod family, 653 Dod, Rev. Thaddeus, 398, 439, 464, 653, 661, 845. Dodd family, 688. Dodd, John and Charles, 461, 493. Doddridge family, 140, 825. Doddridge Chapel, 833. Doddridge's Fort, 826. Doddridge, Philip, 140, 256. Donaldson family, 902. Donegal township, 742 ; boundaries, 742 ; early settlers, 743; Indian raid in 1781, 744 ; justices,     747; West Alexander, 747 ; Vienna (Coon Island), 753; Claysville, 753 ; schools, 749;    churches, 749, 755. Donnell family, 700. Dorsey family, 767, 784. Douglass family, 689. Ducking stool erected, 204, 206. Duncan family, 803. Dungan family, 803. Dunlevy family, 889. Dunmore's war, 64, 177. Dunningsville, 884. Dye family, 687. - E - Eagleson, A. S., contribution, 683 Eagleson family, 761. Eagleson, Dr. D. S., 761. Eagleson, Rev. Dr. John, 453, 761, 821. Early excise laws, 262. Early judicial proceedings, 239. Early political troubles. 225, 237. Early roads, 152, 239, 371. Early taverns, Washington, 493; see Taverns. Earp, Rev. Samuel, Ph.D., contribution, 458. East Bethlehem township, 764, 789; division of old Bethlehem, 765; early settlers, 765;    Fredericktown, 769; Poweltown, 770; Centreville, 770; churches, 770, 771, 772, 773;    Millsboro, 770; schools, 773; justices, 774; salt-works, 774. East Finley township, 774; division of old Finley, 774; early settlers, 775; churches, 777; schools 780; justices, 780. East Pike Run township, 781; erection and division of old Pike Run, 781; early settlers, 781 ;    Greenfield, 784 ; churches, 786 ; schools, 798; justices, 788; Granville, 788; coal-works, 788. Edgar, James, 238, 240, 258, 266, 736, 812, 912. Educational history, 438. Eighth Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment, 312; Co K, 315. Eighth Regiment, Pennsylvania Line, 77, 79. Eighty-fifth Pennsylvania Regiment, 322; Co. A, 325; Co. B, 325; Co. C, 327; Co. D, 327; Co. E, 328. Elderaville, 841. Elections, first, 229, 237, 238. Elliott, William, 205. England family, 646. Engleside Academy, 904. Enlow family, 775. Enochs family, 659, 768. Enterprise coal-works, 957. Episcopal Church, Trinity, of Washington, 518 ; St. Paul's, of Monongahela City, 588; St. John's,    of West Brownsville, 690; of West Pike Run, 990. Evans family, 658. Ewing (Thomas) family, 730. Ewing, John H., 363, 377, 387, 393, 396, 555, Ewing, J. K., 247. Ewing, Nathaniel, 245. Excise laws, 262. - F - Fallowfield township, 789; reduction of limits, 789; early settlers, 790; churches, 795; schools 796; justices, 796. Farmers' Deposit Company, 614. Farrar family, 855: Farrar, Hon. John, 929. Female seminaries, 454, 818. Fergus family, 713. Ferguson family, 731, 916. Ferries, West Brownsville, 638. Fife family, 701. Fifth Judicial District, 243. Finley family, 708. Finley, Rev. James, commissioned to Monongahela Valley, 231. Finleyville, 964. Fire companies, 501. First National Bank of Washington, 524 First Pennsylvania Cavalry, 342; Co I, 344; Co. K, 345 First Presbyterian Church, Washington, 510; Monongahela City, 585. Fish Pot Ran, 152. Florence, 807 Florence Academy, 452, 809. Florence Enterprise, 808. Forbes' expedition, 61. Forks of Ohio, first fort at, 31, 34. Fort Du Quesne, erected, 35; abandoned, 61. Fort Dunmore (Fort Pitt), 72, 176; Virginia Court held at, 179, 204. Fort Fincastle, built, 70. Fort Henry (Fincastle), siege of, 186. Fort Laurens, built, 87. Fort McIntosh, built, 79, 86. Fort Necessity, built and surrendered, 38. Fort Pitt, erected, 62, 138; council at (1768), 153; abandoned by British, 168; Virginia Court held at (as Fort Dunmore), 179, 204. Fort Redstone, built, 62. Fort Stanwix, treaty of (1768), 145. Forts, or block-houses, 93, 673, 689, 707, 724, 736, 744, 775, 804, 825, 900. Fourteenth Judicial District, 244 Fourteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, 346; Co. H, 348. Franklin Bank of Washington, 526. Franklin township, 796; erection and boundaries, 796; justices, 797; early settlers, 797;    Vanburen, 801 ; Toledo, 801; churches, 801; schools, 802. Fraser, Col. John, 334. Frazier, Thomas, 759. Fredericktown, 769. Free Presbyterian Church, 750. Freemasons, 548, 572, 583, 623, 755, 921. Freeman, Rev. Dr. Azel, contribution, 410. Freights in early times, 265. French and Indian war, 44, 138. French occupation and expulsion, 21, 29, 53,62 138; map of, facing 139. Friends (Quakers), Allen township, 648; East Bethlehem, 772; East Finley, 777; West    Pike Run, 991. Froman, Paul, 153, 171, 214, 565, 691. Frye family, 691, 792. Fulton, Robert, and family, 813. - G - Gabby family, 798. Gallatin, Albert, 287, 375, 376. Gardner family, 837. Garrett family, 679, 816. Gastonville, 965. Gas-well, burning, 850. Geology, 365. Gibson, Col. John, 87. Gillespie family, 781, 838. Gillespie, Neal, 636. Gillespie, Neal, Jr., 638. Gilmore, Samuel A., 246. Ginger Hill, 885. Girty, Simon, 86, 125, 152, 205. Gist, Christopher, 29, 32, 37. Goble family, 655. Good Intent, 983. Good Intent Fire Company, 502. Gordon, James, 571. Gourley family, 745. Gow, A. M., Esq., contribution, 532. Gow, John Louden, 252, 456, 460, 685. Grable family, 790. Graham family, 725. 998 - INDEX. Graham, the exciseman, 263. Grand Army of the Republic, 550, 585,623,624. Grand jury, first venire and return, 236, 476. Grant's defeat, 61, 814. Granville, 788. Grayson family, 488. Great Meadows, battle of, 38. Greene County erected, 241. Gregg family, 783. Gretna Green of Washington County, 749. Grier, Rev. J. A., contribution, 716. Grim, Dr. William L., 764. Guyasutha, 63, 145. - H - Hall family, 933. Hamilton family, 693, 884. Hamilton, David, see Whiskey Insurrection, passim, 383, 694, 883, 885. Hamilton, Col. John, see Whiskey Insurrection, passim, 694 Hamilton, Robert, 487. Hamilton, Rev. Dr. W. F., contribution, 398. Hand's expedition, 86. Hanna family, 844. Hanna, Robert, 158, 206. Hanna, Mrs. Sarah R., 456,558. Hannastown, Revolutionary resolutions, 75, 180; destruction of, 132; attacked by Dr. Connolly, 173. Hanover township, 802; reduction of limits, 802; early settlers, 803; Florence, 807; churches,    808, 809 ; Florence Academy, 809; Murdochsville, 809; Paris, 809; schools, 810; justices, 810. Hart, George Scott, 248. Hawkins family, 744, 766. Hawkins, S. R., 950. Hayden, Rev. W. L., contributions, 416, 631, 666, 896. Hayes family, 913. Hayes, S. B. and C., 554. Hays family, 712. Hazelbaker faintly, 645. Hazlett family, 486. Hazlett, Samuel, 393, 547, 555. Hazlett's Bank, 528. Hazzard, T. R., 691, 698. Heald family, 783. Heath, Andrew, 184, 214, 215. Hempfleld Railroad Company, 394. Henderson (Rev. M.) family, 709. Henderson, Joseph, 393, 546, 562. Henderson, Rev. Matthew, 300, 441, 487, 616, 708, 851. Henry, Robert, 955. Herald of Liberty, 506. Hertzog, Prof. G. G., contribution, 462. Hickory, 864. Hillsborough, 975. Hoge, David, 476, 478, 548. Hoge, John, 583, 548. Holcroft, John, 271. Hope Fire Company, 501. Hopewell township, 811; reduction of limits, 811; early settlers, 811; justices, 816, 817;    West Middletown, 816; post-offices, 817; schools, 817, 820; Hopewell town, 819;    churches, 820; schools, 820; Buffalo village, 822. Hopewell town. 819. Hopkins, Hon. James H., 562. Hopkins, Hon. William, 386, 560. Hopkins, Wright St Co., 528. Hormel family, 766. Houstonville, 715. Howe family, 646. Howe, Maj. S. B., 635. Huffman family, 934. Hughes family, 656, 853. Hughes, Samuel L., 656. Humphries family, 744. Humphries, Robert, 747. Hunter family, 678. Hunter's company in war of 1812, 308. Hupp family, 744,765. Huston (Joseph) family, 485. Huston, William, 66, 68, 130. Hutchinson family, 678. - I - Ice industry, Canonsburg, 623. Improvement of cattle, 89. Independence (Allenport), 647. Independence township, 824; erection and limits, 824; early settlers, 825; physicians, 828;    Independence village, 828; churches, 829; the Doddridge Chapel, 833 ; Belle-View    camp-meeting ground, 833; schools, 833; justices, 834. Indian hostilities in 1774, 69. Indian incursions after Braddock's defeat, 53. Indian occupation of the Monongahela valley, 15. Indian Peter, 142 n., 623. Indian traders, 18. Indiana Company, 231. Iroquois (Six Nations), 19. Irvine, Gen. William A., 101. Irwin family, 685, 689. Irwin, John, 685. - J - Jackman family, 785. Jackman, Robert, 628. Jackson family, 807. Jackson, Philip, 807. Jefferson Academy, 451. Jefferson College, 441, 709. Jefferson township, 836 ; erection and boundaries, 836; early settlers, 836 ; churches, 839;    schools, 840; physicians, 840; coal-mining, 841; Eldersville, 841; societies and orders, 841 ;justices, 842. Jennings, Dr. Ebenezer, 920. Jennings, Obadiah, 251, 486, 510, 531, 546. Johnson family, 686. Johnson, the exciseman, 267, 270. Johnson, Job, 629. Johnson, Sir William, 141. Johnston family, 875. Johnston, Samuel, 803. Jones family, 935. Journal of the Interior, 573. Judges, lisi, 249. Judges of the Virginia Courts, 204, 205, 212, 218. Judicial districts, 243 et seq. Judicial system of the province, 150; of the Revolution, 155; under the Constitution of 1790,    242; under the Constitution of 1838, 245 ; under amendment of 1850, 246 ; under tire    Constitution of 1874, 248. Jumonville, death of, 35. Junior's Friend and Pennsylvania Reserve News Letter, 582. Justices, election of, first, 229; second set, 242. - K - Kammerer, John, 885. Kerr, Rev. G. M., contribution, 905. Kidd family, 903. Killbuck, 94, 108. Killbuck's Island, friendly Indians attacked, 108. Kirk family. 606, 690. Kirk, Col. James T., 316. Kittanning, an Indian town, 17; destroyed by Armstrong, 56. Knight, Dr. John, capture and escape, 124,127 Knight, Jonathan, 392. 396, 472. Koontz, Dr. J. S. Bra  546, 546. Koontz, Robert H., 253. Krepps family, 782. Kuntz family, 484. Kuskusky, 18. Kutner (Kintner?) family, 932. - L - Laird family, 746. Land laws of Virginia, 188. Land titles, first, 146. Langdon (Longdon) family, 844. Langley, James, 485. La Salle's explorations, 21. Lawrence, George V., 597. Lawrence, Joseph, 597. Leaks, Rev. Lemuel F., 878. Lee, Maj. William, 741. Lee family, 732. Leech family, 911. Lest families, 797. Leet, Daniel, brigade major with Crawford's expedition, 115; deputy surveyor of Yohogania    County.193 n.,216 ; sub-lieutenant of Washington County, 225; sketch, 226, 797. Legal and Civil History, 138-262. Leman family, 687. Le Moyne, Dr. F. J., 449, 456, 493, 540, 543, 547. Le Moyne, Dr. John Julius, 493, 495, 543. Leonard family, 932. Lester, Rev. W. H., contribution, 749. Le Tort, James, 18. Lewis, Gen. Andrew, 72. Lewis, Thomas, 189. Liberty poles, 286. Libraries, of Washington, 539; Canonsburg, 615. Linden, 876. Lindley family, 843. Lindley's Mills, 848. Lindsey, James, 246. Linn family, 874. Linton family, 767. Lochry, Col. A., command destroyed, 100. Locust Hill, 715. Logan, the Mingo, 66, 67; raid on the Monongahela, 69; on Ten-Mile Creek, 70. Logstown, 17,26, 140. Lone Pine, 665. Lord Dunmore,163; see Boundary Controversy, passim. Louisburg, 876. Luminary, 612. Lutheran Church, German, of Washington, 523; English Evangelical, of Monongahela City, 588;     Ginger Hill, 697; Fallowfield, 795; Somerset, 947. Lyle family, 730, 853. Lynn, John, the exciseman, 271. - M - McBirney family, 903. McBride family, 903. McCalmont family, 853. McCammont family, 851. McCarrell, Dr. J. F., contribution, 840. McCarroll (McCarrell) families, 838, 851 McCarty family, 850. McCleary, William, 780. INDEX - 999 McClelland family, 875. McCloy family, 690. McClure family, 816. McCollum family, 844. McComb family, 730, 937. McConaughey family, 679. McConnell family, 702, 808. McConnell, Alexander, Sr., 718. McConnell, Alexander, Jr., 719. McConnell's Mills, 715. McCook family, 605. McCook, Dr. George, 613. McCormick family, 828. McCormick, George, 912. McCracken family, 654. McCready family, 836. McCready, Robert, 736, 836. McCurdy, Rev. Elisha, 808. McDermot, James, 489. McDonald, 904. McDonough family, 933. McDowell family, 674. McDowell, John (Judge), 215, 698, 869. McElroy family, 856. McFarland family, 655. McFarland, Samuel, 548, 564. McFarland, William, sketch, 238, 240, 655. McFarlane, Andrew, 174, 567. McFarlane, Maj. James, 273. McGiffin family, 251, 657. McGiffin, Col. Norton, 310, 311, 323, 363. McGiffin, Thomas, sketch, 251, 377, 547. McGiffin's company, three months' service, 311. McGill family, 605. McGill, Rev. Dr. Alex: T., 605. McGugin family, 850. McGugiu gas-well, 850. McIlvaine family, 937. McIntosh's expedition, 86. Mackay, Col. .Æneas, 77. McKee family, 815. McKee, Alexander, 170. McKeever family, 816. McKennan family, 252, 485. McKennan, Rev. Dr. James, 662. McKennan, T. McK. T., 252, 293, 395, 455, 474, 485, 501, 638. McKennan, William, 252, 485. McKennan, Col. William, 252, 485, 816. McLachlin, Rev. A., contribution, 683. McLain family, 760. McLain, William, 760. McLoney family, 890. McMillan family, 871. McMillan, Rev. Dr. John, 292, 398, 438, 439, 529, 619, 736, 877, 871, 939. McMillan's log academy, 440. McNary family, 715, 804, 873. McNary, James S., 880. McNary, William Hill, 717. McNight family, 712. McNulty family, 676. McQnown, James, 746, 763. McRoberts family, 675. McWilliams family, 675. Malady, Rev. D. J., contribution, 423. Manchester family, 827. Maps, Washington County, between 12 and 13; French Occupation, facing 139; District of West Augusta, facing 184; Boundary Controversy    facing 190; Virginia Surveys, facing 193; Washington County, 1781-88, facing 222; Plan of    Washington Borough, facing 476. Market-house, Washington, 499. Marques family, 723. Marques, Rev. Thomas, 661, 723, 736, 821. Marshall family, 728. Marshel family, 728. Marshal, James, 96, 97, 103, 111, 199, 224, 227; sketch, 226; see Whiskey Insurrection, passim, 485, 728. Menthel, John, 252. Martin, Rev. Dr. James, 407. Martin family, 875. Mason and Dixon's line, 162 Maul and Wedge, 507. Maxwell, John, 824. May family, 702. Mayes family, 749, 762. Mayes, Joseph Finley, 762. Melvin family, 838. Melvin, William, contribution, 924. Mercer, Rev. Boyd, 940. Merchant family, 807. Mercury, 507. Methodist Episcopal Church, Washington, 519; Monongahela City, 586; Cecil, 703; West Alexander, 752; Claysville, 756; Centreville, 770; Millsboro', 771; East Finley, 778;    Greenfield, 786; Fallowfleld, 795; Liberty Chapel, 802; Florence, 808; Hanover, 810;    Independence, 830; Bethel (Jefferson), 839; Mount Zion (Morris), 847; Nottingham,    886; Robinson, 904; Burgettstown, 923; South Strabane, 956 ; Peters Creek, 968 ; Limetown,    968; Coal Bluff, 968; Zollersville, 975; Fairview, 975; West Bethlehem, 975 ; Salem, 985 ; ;West Pike Run, 992.    Methodist Protestant Church, Washington, 522 ; Canonsburg, 620; California, 633; Amity,    661; Millsboro, 771; East Bethlehem, 773; Jefferson, 839. Mexican war, 310. Mtdway, 903. Militia in 1784, 136. Militia system, early, 224. Miller family, 701, 744. Miller, Joseph, 308, 658. Miller's block-house attacked, 112. Millsboro', 770. Mines and mining, 365. Mingo Creek battalion, 272; meeting-house, 274. Minton family, 844. Mitchell family, 686, 891. Monacatoocha, 31 Monkey Box Line on National road, 381. Monongahela Bridge Company, 638. Monongahela City, 565; early residents, 570; war of 1812, Williamsport Rangers, 571;    Freemasons, 556, 583; Odd-Fellows, 583; newspapers, 573, 582; made a borough under    present name, 573, 693 ;borough officers, 574; war of Rebellion, 574; made a city, 575; city    officers, 565; justices, 576; business men, 576; banks, 578; manufactures, 580; gas company,    581 ; societies, 583; churches, 585-88; cemetery, 589; schools, 589; new school building, 594. Monongahela Navigation Company, 384. Monongahela Patriot, 5S2. Monongahela Valley Railroad Company, 397. Monongahela Valley Republican, 582. Monongalia County erected, 184; courts, 185. Moore family, 806. Moore, Daniel, 382, 393, 638. Moore, William S., 659. Moravian massacre, 106. Morgan, Col. George, 183, 220, 231, 383. Morgan (Col. George) family, 701, 866. Morgan, Katharine Duane, 538. Morgan, Thomas Jefferson, 310, 508. Morganza , 866. Mormon, Book of, who wrote it? 425. Morris township, 842; erection and boundaries, 843; justices, 843 ; early settlers, 843 ;    prosperity, 845 ; churches, 845; physicians, 847; Concord, 847 ; Sparta, 847; Lindley's Mills 848. Morrison family, 710, 884. Morrow family, 687, 746. Mount Pleasant township, 850; erection and Boundaries, 850; justices, 850; early settlers, 800 the    Washington lands, 856; diary of Washington's visit, 858 churches, 860; Hickory, 864;    physicians, 864; schools, 865. Mountain, James, 251. Munntown, 885. Murdoch family, 253, 487, 605, 710, 871. Murdoch, Alexander, 253, 307, 383. Murdoch, Dr. Samuel, 545, 605, 613. Murdochsville, 800. Myers family, 886, 932, 937. Myers, Rev. A. S., contribution, 756. - N - National road, 374, 747. Nemacolin, 20, 370. Nesbit family, 690, 711. Neutral ground, 582. Neville-Crawford military title, 708, 712. Neville, John, 85, 182; see Whiskey Insurrection, passim, 708. Neville, Presley, 275. New county project, 569. Newell family, 837. Newkirk family, 792, 932. Newspapers, Washington, 506; Monongahela City, 573, 582; Canonsburg, 612; 628; Claysville,     755; Florence, 808; Burgettstown, 921. New State, petition for, 185, 187. Nate State project, 185, 187, 231. Nichols family, 799. Noble, Thaddeus Clark, 758. Normal schools, 461. Norris' Fort, 707. North Strabane township, 866; early settlers, 866; Linden, 876; churches, 876. Nottingham township, 882; reduction of limits, 882; justices, 882 ; early residents, 883;    Dunningsville, 884; Kammerer, 885; Munntown, 885 ; Ginger Hill, 885 ; churches, 886 ;    schools, 886. - O - Oath of allegiance to Virginia, 188, 214. Odd-Fellows, 550, 583, 623, 633, 661, 752, 755, 770, 786, 841, 904, 921. Ohio Company, 29, 163. Ohio County erected, 184; courts,, 185. Ohio River, origin of name, 23 n. Olome Institute, 454. One Hundred and Fortieth Regiment, 334; Co. C, 326; Co. D, 338; Co. E, 339; Co. G, 340;    Co. K, 341. One Hundredth Regiment, 329; Co. A, 3:01. Our Country, 508.  - P - Pack-horse transportation, 232, 265. Paris, 809. Parkinson family, 390, 566, 567, 834, 883. Parkinson, Benjamin, 275, 283, 566, 883. Parkinson, Dr. Joseph, 828, 834. Parkinson's Ferry, 287, 295, 566, 567. Parks family, 698, 722. Patrons of husbandry, 841, 921. 1000 - INDEX. Patterson families, 726, 914. Patterson, James, 739. Patterson, Rev. Joseph, 736, 905. Patterson, Robert, contribution, 425. Paxton family, 713. Pease, Nicholas, 220, 881, 874. Peck family, 660. Pees family, 874. Pees, Zechariah, 881. Penn and Dunmore, 170. Penn, William, the title of, 162. Pennsylvania Reform School, 705, 725. Pennsylvania Reserves, 312. Pennsylvania, 573. Pentecost family, 868. Pentecost, Dorsey, 96, 109, 122, 148, 170, 213, 221, 225, 227 ; sketch of, 228, 234, 237, 238 ;    superseded as justice, 240, 263, 868. Pentecost, Joseph, sketch of, 251, 383, 489, 548, 694. Pentecost'a Mills, '221. Perdue family, 7:11, 842. Perrine, David, 842. Peter, Indian, 142 n., 636. Peters township, 887 ; reduction of limits, 887; early residents, 888 ; churches, 891; schools, 897;    justices, 898; physicians, 898 ; Thompsonville, 898; post-offices, 899. Petition for new State, 185, 187. Phillips family, 891. Phillips, Col. David, 888. Phillips, Rev. David, 266, 891. Phoenix, 573. Pillory, 221, 222. Pin Hook (Lone Pine), 665. Pittsborough (Columbia), 692. Pittsburgh and Steubenville Railroad Company, 394. Pittsburgh, Virginia and Charleston Railroad Company, 396. Plan of Washington, facing 476. Plants, Leonard, Sr., 781. Pleasant Hill Seminary, 455. Pleasant Valley Academy, 667. Plumer family, 827. Poe family, 805. Pogue family, 837. Point Pleasant, battle of, 72. Pollock family, 872. Pollock (Polke), Thomas, 813. Pontiac's war, 62. Population in 1882, 475. Potts family, 806. Poweltown, 770. Presbyterian Church, Washington County,398; First, of Washington, 510; Second, of Washington, 814; First, of Monongahela City,    684; Canonsburg, 619; First, of California, 632; Lower Ten-Mile, 661; East Buffalo, 683    Carroll, 696; Miller's Run, 704; Cross Creek, 736; West Alexander, 749; Claysville, 755 ;    Fallowfield, 795 ; Franklin, 801 ; Cross-Roads, Hanover, 808; Lower Buffalo, 829; Jefferson,    839; Upper Ten-Mile, 845; Mount Prospect, 860; Chathers, 876; Fairview, Munntown, 886;    Centre, Peters, 896; Raccoon, 905; Burgettatown, 922; Pigeon Creek, 939; Mount Pleasant,    956. President judges, 243 e seq. ; list, 249. Presly church, Mingo Creek, 967. Prigg family, 687. Pringle. John S., 641, 642. Prosperity, 845. Prothonotarles, list, 469. Proudfit family, 803, 916. Proudflt, John L., 930. Provincial Conference, 114. Provincial Convention, 153. Provincial judicial system, 110. Public buildings, 463. Pumphrey, Zechariah, 186. - Q - Quail family, 873. Quakers, see Friends. - R -   Raccoon Creek, Indian raids, 88, 103. Railroads, 391. Ralston, Samuel, 559. Ramsey, Dr. James, 405, 617, 713. Ramsey, George M., 959. Rankin family, 855, 910. Ravages by Indians after Braddock's defeat, 53. Rea family, 731. Recorders of deeds, list, 470. Records of West Augusta County Court, 204. Records of Yohogania County Court, 212. Redick, David, 250, 295, 479. Redstone, road opened by Col. Burd, 62, 141; the " Hangard" erected, 34, 371,. and destroyed    43; Rev. John Steele's visit, 142; attempted removal of settlersi at, 143. Redstone Creek, 35. Redstone Old Fort, 170, 289. Reed families, 481, 689, 699, 725, 822, 858, 859. Reed, Alexander, 383, 393, 481, 490, 512, 526, 531, 546, 548. Reed, John, 220. Reed, J. M. K., contributions, 733, 865. Reform School, Pennsylvania, 705. Reformed Presbyterian Church, Miller's Run, 716; Patterson's Mills, 739. Registers of wills, list, 470. Religious History, 398. Representatives, list, 471. Review and Examiner, 509. Revolution, the, 74, 153, 179. Reynolds family, 724. Reynolds' block-house, 724. Richards family, 699. Rigdon, Sidney, 431. Riggs family, 644. Ringgold Battalion, 353. Ringland family, 844. Ritchey family, 730. Ritchie family, 604, 624. Ritchie, Capt. Craig, 114, 275, 604. Ritchie, Matthew, 219, 483, 701, 859. Ritchie, W. H. S., 624. Ritner, Joseph, 309, 679. Rizor family, 746. Roads, early, 152, 239, 372; see records of West Augusta and Yoltogania County Courts, 204, 212. Roberts family, 606. Roberts, Samuel, sketch, 244. Robinson township, 900 ; reduction of limits, 900; early settlers, 900; Midway, 903; churches,    904, 906, 906; societies, 904; McDonald, 904; Engleside Academy, 904; Candor, 904; schools,    904 ; physicians, 909; coal companies, 909. Roll of attorneys, 250. Rolling-mill, Canonsburg, 624. Ross, James, sketch. 251, 286, 292. Bothwell, S. S., contribution, 786. Ruple family, 799. Ruple, Col. James, 307, 393, 489. Rural Roles, 612. Russell family, 716. Retan family, 844.  - S - Sabbath-school, First Presbyterian Church of Washington, 613; Canonsburg, 616. Sacunk, Sawkunk, 18. Salt-works, 774. Sample, William, 277, 307. Sand-works, 370. Schools, of county, 460; Washington, 529; Monongahela City, 589 ; Canonsburg, 615; Allen,    649; Amwell, 670; Buffalo, 684; Canton, 690; Cecil, 704; Chartiers, 716; Cross Creek, 733;    West Alexander, 749; East Bethlehem, 773; East Pike Run, 788; Fallowfield, 796; Franklin,    802; Hanover, 810; West Middletown; 817; Hopewell, 820; Independence, 833; Jefferson, 840;    Mount Pleasant, 865; Nottingham, 886; Peters, 897; Robinson, 908; Smith, 924; Somerset,    946; South Strabane, 956 ; Union, 966 ; West Bethlehem, 977 ; West Finley, 985. Scotch-Irish, 265. Scott family, 953. Scott families, 729, 860, 883, 884, 870, 902. Scott, Hugh, 883. Scott, Thomas, 177, 194, 208, 224, 230, 233, 237. Settlements, the first, 140. Settlers, attempted removal of, 141. Settlers west of Monongahela, 145. Seventh Virginia Regt. in the Revolution, 76, Seventy-ninth Regiment, 39; Co. D, 320. Shannon family, 487. Sharp family, 838. Shawanese, history, 16. Shearer family, 901. Sheriffs, list, 468. Shilling, Pennsylvania, 240. Shinglss, the Delaware king, 17, 53, 56. Shuster, Daniel, 658. Simonton family, 855. Simpson (James) family, 854. Six Nations, proprietors, 19. Sixteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, 349. Sixth Regiment Pennsylvania Militia, 362. Slavery and servitude, 255. Slavery in Pennsylvania, abolition, 255 ; abolition societies, 546,750. Slaves, registries of, 258 ; statistics, 261. Slemmons family, 688 Sloan, Rev. Dr. James, 599. Stover, John, capture and escape, 128, 134. Slusher family, 659. Smallman, Thomas, 221. Smallpox meeting, Washington, 487. Smiley family, 811. Smiley, William, 811, 813. Smith township, 910; reduction of limits, 910; justices, 910; early settlers, 910; Burgettstown,    916; Cardville, 919 ; Burgettstown National Bank, 920 ; physicians, 920 ; newspapers, 921;    orders, 921 ; schools, 924; Bavington, 927; Dinsmore, 928; Bulger, 928; Union Agricultural    Association, 928. Smith, James, 2013. Smith, Rev. J. M., contribution, 69. Smith, Rev. Joseph, 398, 439, 736, 812; family, 813. Smith, Thomas, 174. Smith, William, 947. Smith, William, Jr., 950. Soldiers' monument, 552. Somerset township, 931; erection and bounds, 931 ; early settlers, 931; Bentleysville, 937 ;    Vanceville, 938; churches, 938; Church of Christ at Vanceville, 944; United Presbytertan    Church, Pigeon Creek, 945; German Lutheran, 946; schools, 946; physicians, 947 ;    incorporation of Bentleysville, 947. INDEX - 1001 South Strabane township, 952 ; settlements, 952 ; Methodist Episcopal Church, 966; Mount    Pleasant Presbyterian Church, 956; schools, 958; prehistoric pipe, 966; Enterprise Coal-    Works, 967. Southwestern State Normal School, 482. Sparta, 847. Spaulding and the Book of Mormon, 425. Speer family, 879. Spears family, 643, 649. Speen, Solomon C., 649. Sphar family, 661. Sphar, Henry, 661. Sprowls family, 776. Sprowls, Drs. J. N., I. N., Lee M., 763. St. Clair, Gen. Arthur, 150, 170 n. Stage lines, 381. State senators, list, 471. State treasurer, 471. Steamboat navigation, 390. Steel, Rev. John, sent to Redstone, 142. Steen, Isaiah, 486. Stephens, John W., 949. Stephenson families, 730, 744, 837, 915. Stephenson, Hugh, 221. Stevens, Dr. James, 545. Stevenson families, 934. Stewart family, 837. Stewart, Galbraith, 816. Stewart, Robert, 842. Stewart, Mary, murder of, 852. Stockdale family, 646, 651. Stockdale, Robert, 651. Stockley, Thomas, 484. Stocks, 222, 240, 609. Stockton families, 800. Stockton. Rev. Dr. John, 737, 738, 800. Stoolfire family, 746. Struthers family, 710. Students' Enterprise, 612. Superintendents of schools, 471. Snrveyors, county, list, 470. Sntton family, 659, 669. Swagler, Jacob, 949. Swart, A. J., 672. Swearingen, Andrew, 711. Swearingen, Thomas, 782. Swearingen, Van, 77, 79, 170 ; sketch, 238, 483. Swickard family, 932. - T - Taggart, Rev. Samuel, contribution, 818. Tanacharisoo, 31, 32 Tavern rates fixed, 216, 240. Taverns, early, 493, 747, 753, 794. Taylor family, 953. Taylor, Henry, 146, 224, 235, 240; sketch, 241, 266. Taylor's Fort, 678. Taylorstown, 679. Taxables of Yohogania County, 219. Teagarden family, 765. Teagarden, Dr. James W., 764. Teeter family, 825. Teeter's Fort, 825. Templeton families, 79. Tenan family, 911. Ten-Mile Creek, Indian raids on, 70. Ten-Mile Rangers, war of 1812, 308. Ten-Mile village, 665. Tenth Pennsylvania Reserves, 316; Co. D, 318. Texan war, 310. Theological Seminary at Canonsburg, 405. Thirteenth Virginia Regt. in the Revolution, 77. Thompson families, 690, 854, 815. Thompson, Rev. David, 831. Thompson, Dr. Hugh, 613, 898. Thompson, Dr. Robert, 614. Toledo, 801. Toll-gates on the National road, 381. Tom the Tinker, 271, 273, 286. Tomahawk improvements, 148. Topography of Washington County, 13. Toryism in the Monongahela Valley, 91, 156. Townsend family, 890, 899. Townsend, Elijah, 899. Townships, original, 228. Travis family, 804. Treasurers, list, 470. Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1768), 145. Tribune, 509. Trinity Church, Washington, 518. Trinity Hall, 458. Tucker family, 659, 806. Turnpikes, 374, 382, 383, 384. Twelfth Pennsylvania Regiment, three months' service, 311. Twenty second Pennsylvania Cavalry, 353; Co. A, 355; Co. B, 356; Co. C, 358; Co. D, 359;    Co. E, 359 ; Co. F, 360 ; Co. G, 361. Twenty-seventh Judicial District, 247. - U - Underground Railway, 261. Union Agricultural Association, 928. Union Grove Seminary, 818. Union School of Washington, 532. Union township, 960; early settlement and settlers, 960; physicians, 964; Finleyville, 965;    Gastonville, 965; Coal Bluff, 965; Peters Creek Lodge, 966; Advance Lodge, 966; schools,    966; justices of peace, 966; churches, 967. United Brethren Church, Carroll, 697 ; Donegal, 758; East Finley, 777; West Finley, 985. United Presbyterian Church of Washington Connty,399; of Washington, 516 ; Chartiers    (Canonsburg), 616; Taylorstown, 680; North Buffalo, 681 ; South Buffalo, 683; Venice, 703;    Chartiers Cross-Roads, 716; West Alexander, 751 ; Wheeling (East Finley), 778; Paris, 809;    Mount Hope, 831; West Middletown, 818; Mount Pleasant, 862; Candor, 880; Mount Prospect,    886; Peters Creek, 893; McDonald, 904; Robinson, 907 ; Burgettstown, 922; Pigeon Creek, 945. Upper Buffalo Academy, 453. Urie family, 814. - V - Vallandigham, George, 238; see records of West Augusta Court and of Yohogania Court. Valley Leader, 628. Valley Record, 582. Valley Sentinel, 582. Valley Spirit, 628. Van Buren, 801. Vance family, 914. Vance, Isaac, 953. Vance. Samuel, 957. Vance's Fort, 722, 736. Vanceville, 938. Vaneman family, 873. Van Kirk family, 657. Van Voorhis famify, 695. Van Voorhis, Dr. J. S., 643. Vasbiuder family, 815. Venice, 703. Vienna (Coon Island), 753. Virgin, Brice, 86. Virgin, Reason, 207, 797. Virginia, title to Northwest Territory, 159; legislative proceedings, 182; counties west of the    Alleghenies, 183; oath of allegiance to, 188, 214 ; land laws of, 188; snrveys in Washington    County, 192; map of Virginia surveys, facing 193; judicial system, 204; nsurpations, 227;    autographs of Virginia justices, facing 204; records of Court of West Augusta County, 204    records of Court of Yohogania County, 212. - W - Wait family, 699. Walker family, 741. Walker, Mrs., captured on Buffalo, 112. Walker, David S., 741. Walker, John N., 741. Wallace family, 805, 933. Wallace family, captured, 103, 106. Wampum, 143 n. War contributions, 364. War of 1812, 306, 571. War of the Rebellion, 310, 574. Ward, Edward, surrenders to the French, 17, 34, 36, 140, 207, 212, 221. Warne, Maj. James, 569, 600. Washington borough, 476.    banks and bankers, 525.    churches, 510.    Cornplanter at, 477.    early business interests, 489, 491.    early residents, 478.    early taverns, 493.    fire department, 501.    Freemasons, 548.    gas-works, 553.    Grand Army of the Republic, 550.    incorporation and list of officers, 496.    insurance companies, 528.    libraries, 539.    manufactures, 554.    market-houses, 499.    newspapers, 506.    Odd-Fellows, 550.    original plan of, facing 477.    physicians, 541.    post-offices and postmasters, 505.    schools, 529.    smallpox meeting, 491.    societies, 546.    town  hall, 503.    union school, 532. Washington Cemetery, 550. Washington Coal Company, 553. Washington College, 441. Washington Connty:    act erecting, 222.    area and population in 1882, 242.    centennial celebration, 555.    civil list, 468.    coal-mines and mining, 367.    commission of the peace, 230.    county buildings, 463.    courts, organization of, 235, 464.    educational history, 438.    elections, early, 228.    emigrations, early, 232.    Fifth Judicial District, 243.    Fourteenth Judicial District, 244.    geology, 365.    Indian occupation, 15.    internal improvements, 370.    justices, election of, first, 229.    justices, second set, 242.    limits, reduction of, 241.    location, boundaries, topography, 13.    map of Virginia, surveys, facing 193. 1002 - INDEX. Washington County:    map of 1781-82, facing 222.    Mexican war, 310.    militia in 1784, 136.    officers, appointment of, 224.    political troubles, early, 225, 237.    population, 475.    railroads, 391    religions history, 398.    sand-works, 370.    slave registries, 258.    slavery, 257.    Texan war, 310.    townships, division into, 228.    Twenty-seventh Judicial District, 247.    war contributions, 364.    war of 1812, 306, 571.    war of the Rebellion, 310.    Whiskey Insurrection, 262. Washington County Fire Insurance Company, 528. Washington Democrat, 509. Washingtonian, 507. Washington Examiner, 508. Washington Female Seminary, 455, 559. Washington Fire Company, 502. Washington, George, sent to French forts, 31 ; campaign in 1754, 34; engagement with    Jumonville, 35; battle of the Great Meadows, 38; with Gen. Braddock, 45; with Forbes'    expedition, 61 ; with army in Whiskey Insurrection, 295; lots owned in Washington, 477; visits    his lands in Mount Pleasant township, 189, 374, 856; diary of his visit in 1784, 858; ejectment    suit, 859. Washington and Jefferson College, 448. Washington, Lund, lands, 912. Washington Observer, 509. Washington Patriot, 508. Washington and Pittsburgh Railroad Company, 393. Washington Reporter, 506. Washington Savings-Banks, 528. Washington Weekly Review, 509. Wasson, Rev. Luke J., 887. Watson, James, 274. Waynesburg and Washington Railroad Company, 397. Weaver family, 710. Weir family, 800. Welch family, 826, 915. Weller family, 872. Wells family, 721, 825. Wells' Fort, 722, 736. Wendell, Abraham, 18. Wesleyan Methodist Church, Monongahela City, 588. West Alexander, 747; early taverns, 146, 747; incorporated, 748; officers, 748; justices, 748; a    Gretna Green, 749; schools, 749; churches, 749 ; cemetery, 752. West Alexander Academy, 451, 749. West Augusta, district of, 172; court, 178, 179; division into Ohio, Yohogania, and Mononfalia    Counties, 182, 183 ; map, facing 183 ; court-house on Gabby farm, 185 n. ; record of West    Augusta Court, 204. Wostbay, Henry, 603,611. West Bethlehem township, 969 ; early settlements, 970; churches, 974; Hillsborough, 975;    Zollarsville, 977 ; schools, 977. West Brownsville borough, 635 ; laid out, 637 ; Bowman's addition, 637; ferries, 638;    Monongahela bridge, 638; boat-yards, 639, 640 ; incorporation, first election and officers, 639;    churches, 640; Excelsior Planing-Mill, 642. Western Corrector, 507. Western Missionary Magazine, 507. Western Patriot, 582. Western Register, 508. Western Telegraphs and Washington Advertiser, 506. West Finley township, 979; settlement, 979; Good Intent, 983; Burnsville, 983; Lodge No. 956, I. O. O. F., 983;     Burnsville Christian Church, 983; United Brethren Church, 983; Salem M. E.    Church, 985; North Wheeling Baptist Church, 985; Windy Gap Church, 985; schools, 985;    justices of the peace, 986. West Middletown, 816; early residents, b16; justices, 817 ; post-office, 817 ; school, 817 ; Union     Grove Seminary, 818; churches, 818. Westmoreland County erected, 148; early officials, 149; court records, 151 ; early townships, 151; courts reorganized, 156; justices arrested, 174; Revolutionary resolutions, 180. West Pike Run township, 986; settlement, 987; schools, 990; churches, 991 ; Beallsville borough, 993. Westsylvania, the proposed new State, 231. Wheeling, attack on (1782), 134. Wherry family, 932. Whipping-post, 221, 240. Whiskey Insurrection, 262; attack on Neville's house, 272; death of McFarlane, 273; mail    robbery, 278; Braddock's Field meeting, 280; United States army called out, 286, 294; the    terrible night, 298. White Eyes, Koquaitahghaitah, 220. White family, 872. Whittaker family, 914. Wick family, 658. Wier family, 933. Wilderness, the, 138. Williams family, 674. Williamson family, 676. Williamson, Col. David, with Crawford's expedition, 111, 114, 676. Williamson's expeditions, 102. Williamsport, see Monongahela City. Wilson families, 482, 483. Wilson, Col. George, 77, 166, 207, 209. Wilson, Dr. John R., 545. Wilson, Henry, 954. Wilson, John K., 393. Wilson, Robert, the exciseman, 268. Winget family, 844. Winter family, 744. Wishart family, 915. Wishart, Dr. John, 393, 544. Witherspoon family, 903. Wolf family, 677, 688. Wolf's Fort, 678. Work family, 815. Work, Maj. George T., 823. Workman family, 484. Workman, Hugh and James, 130. Wright's Chapel, Washington, 524. Wright family, 888. Wright, Joshua, 152, 213. Wylie family, 487, 687. Wylie, Rev. Andrew, 940. - Y - Yeates, Jasper, 183. Yeates, Richard, 953. Yohogania County, erection, 184; record of court; 212. - Z - Zollarsville, 977. ERRATA. Page 22S, 2d column. " Veach" should be Veech. Page 250, 2d column, note, and page 479, 1st column. That David Redick was a native of Ireland    is stated on the authority of a biographical note in IV. Penna. Archives, Sec. S, 46; but Hon. D.    Kaine. of Uniontown, Pa., communicates that he was born about 1745, in East Pennsborough    township, then Lancaster, now Cumberland, County, nine miles west of Harrisburg, where the    village of Hogestown now is. His father was John Redick, probably from Ireland; his mother was    Rachel, daughter of John Hoge, who was a native of New Jersey, and a son of William Hoge, a    Scotchman. David Redick studied law at Carlisle, married his cousin. Ann Hoge, a daughter of    Jonathan Hoge, the brother of David, the proprietor of Washington. His wife survived him and    died in 1812. They had seven children, three sons, Jonathan H., admitted to the bar in 1803,    subsequently killed in a duel (so says Mr. Kaine), David, and James, and-four daughters, none of    whom left descendants except the youngest, Eliza, who married a Capt. Anderson. and whose    children reside in Louisville, Ky. Page 261, 2d column, note. The death of Mrs. Gardner should be printed as occurring about 1850. Page 265, 1st column. " Repealing act, 1781," should be 1791. Page 364, 1st column. "Prostrated and extensive" should be protracted and extensive. Page 392, 1st colnmn. Jonathan " Wright" should be Jonathan Knight. Page 470, lst column. "Registers of Deeds" should be recorders of deeds; in 2d column, "Recorders of Wills" should be registers of wills. Page 476,1st column. " Matha's" Bottom should be Martha's Bottom. Page 484, 1st column. The    residence of Mr. Samuel Cunningham was next on the east the one now occupied by A. T. Baird,    Esq., on East Maiden Street. Page 487, 1st column. Lot 283 on " Maiden" should be on Main. Page 488, 1st column. Sarah B. " Muller" should be Sarah B. Musser. Page 553, 1st column. A line of copy has been omitted in the measurements of the Soldiers'    Monument; the height of the second base should be three and three-eighths feet. Page 674, 2d column. Mr. " Koogle" should be Mr. Kruger. Page 758, 2d column. The paragraph concerning the Pleasant Grove Regular Baptist Church    should have been placed in East Finley township. Page 867, 2d column. Miss Mary " Boynton" should be " Baynton." She was the daughter of the    Mr. Baynton who was of the firm of Wharton, Baynton & Morgan, trading with the Indians in    1763, losing heavily by them in the French and Indian war, and becoming interested as    beneficiaries in the Indian grant to the traders at the treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1768, out of which    arose the famous Indiana Company.